网络英语四级试题

网络英语四级试题

PartIReadingComprehension(40points)SectionA(10points)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)isreshapingnumerousindustries.Whileitbringsunprecedentedefficiencyandinnovation,italso___1___significantchallenges,particularlyconcerningthefutureofwork.ManyfearthatAIandautomationwillleadtowidespreadjob___2___.However,expertssuggestthattheimpactismorelikelytobeoneoftransformationratherthanpureelimination.AIisexpectedto___3___manyroutineandrepetitivetasks,freeinghumanworkerstofocusonmorecomplex,creative,andstrategicrolesthatrequireemotionalintelligence,criticalthinking,andinterpersonalskills.Thisshiftnecessitatesamajor___4___ineducationandworkforcetrainingsystemsworldwide.Lifelonglearningisbecomingnotjustanadvantagebuta___5___.Workersmustcontinuously___6___newskillstostayrelevant.Governmentsandcorporationshavea___7___toinvestinretrainingprograms.Furthermore,theethical___8___ofAI,suchasalgorithmicbiasanddataprivacy,demandcarefulregulationandpublicdiscourse.ThekeytoasuccessfulAI-integratedfutureliesnotin___9___thetechnology,butinmanagingitsintegrationthoughtfullyto___10___itsbenefitswhilemitigatingitsrisks.A)displaceB)necessityC)posesD)acquireE)implicationsF)resistingG)enhanceH)responsibilityI)lossJ)overhaulK)maximizeL)automateM)urgentN)fearingO)transformSectionB(30points)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Urbangardening,thepracticeofcultivatingfoodincityenvironments,hasseenaremarkablesurgeinpopularityoverthepastdecade.Whatwasonceanichehobbyhastransformedintoaglobalmovementdrivenbyconcernsoverfoodsecurity,environmentalsustainability,andcommunitywell-being.Rooftopgardens,communityplots,andevensmallbalconycontainersallowcitydwellerstogrowtheirownproduce.Proponentsarguethaturbangardeningreducesthecarbonfootprintassociatedwithtransportingfoodoverlongdistances.Italsopromotesbiodiversitybycreatinggreencorridorsandhabitatsforpollinatorslikebeesandbutterflieswithinconcretejungles.Moreover,itaddresses"fooddeserts"—urbanareaswhereaccesstofresh,affordablefoodislimited.Bygrowingfoodlocally,communitiescanimprovetheirnutritionalintake.Beyondtangiblebenefits,urbangardeningfosterssocialconnections.Communitygardensbecomehubsforinteraction,wherepeopleofdiversebackgroundsshareknowledge,resources,andharvests.Thiscollaborativespiritstrengthensneighborhoodbonds.Onanindividuallevel,gardeningisproventoreducestressandimprovementalhealth,offeringapeacefulretreatfromurbanhustle.However,challengespersist.Soilcontaminationincitiesisaseriousconcern,requiringtestingandsometimessoilreplacement.Limitedspaceandaccesstosunlightcanalsoconstrainwhatcanbegrown.Despitethesehurdles,themovementcontinuestogrow,supportedbylocalgovernmentsandNGOsprovidingresourcesandeducation.Urbangardeningrepresentsapowerfulsteptowardsmoreresilientandself-sufficientcities.11.Whatisthemainreasonforthegrowingpopularityofurbangardening?A)Itisatrendyhobbyamongyoungpeople.B)Itisstronglypromotedbyagriculturalcompanies.C)Itaddressesconcernsaboutfood,environment,andcommunity.D)Itismandatedbynewurbandevelopmentpolicies.12.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesurbangardeninghelptheenvironment?A)Bycompletelyreplacingtraditionalfarms.B)Byreducingtheneedforlong-distancefoodtransport.C)Byusingmoreadvancedirrigationsystems.D)Byincreasingtheuseofchemicalfertilizers.13.Theterm"fooddeserts"(Para.2)referstoareaswhere______.A)onlydessertsareavailableB)foodisextremelyexpensiveC)thereislittleaccesstofresh,affordablefoodD)gardeningisimpossibleduetodesertclimate14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasocialorpersonalbenefitofurbangardening?A)Strengtheningcommunityties.B)Reducinglivingcostssignificantly.C)Improvingmentalhealth.D)Providingopportunitiesforsocialinteraction.15.Whatisamajorchallengefacedbyurbangardeners?A)Lackofinterestfromtheyoungergeneration.B)Highcostofgardeningtools.C)Potentialsoilpollutionincities.D)Competitionfromlargesupermarkets.PassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptof"deepwork,"coinedbyauthorCalNewport,describestheabilitytofocuswithoutdistractiononacognitivelydemandingtask.Itisaskillthatallowsyoutoquicklymastercomplicatedinformationandproducebetterresultsinlesstime.Intoday'seconomy,deepworkisbecomingincreasinglyvaluableyetincreasinglyrare.Modernworkplacesareoftenstructuredaround"shallowwork":non-cognitivelydemanding,logistical-styletasksoftenperformedwhiledistracted.Theseincludemostemails,routinemeetings,andadministrativeduties.Whilenecessary,theydonotcreatemuchnewvalueandareeasytoreplicate.Theconstantpullofnotifications,socialmedia,andan"always-on"culturefragmentsourattention,makingsustaineddeepworkdifficult.Cultivatingdeepworkrequiresdeliberatepracticeandboundary-setting.Strategiesincludeschedulingspecificblocksoftimeforfocusedwork,minimizingdigitaldistractionsbyturningoffnotifications,andcreatingritualsthatsignalthestartofadeepworksession.Somepeopleadoptmethodsliketime-blockingorretreatingtoaquietlocation.Therewards,however,aresubstantial.Individualswhocultivatedeepworkcanachievemoreinshorterperiods,leadingtofastercareeradvancementandtheproductionofhigher-qualitywork.Onanorganizationallevel,companiesthatcreateenvironmentsconducivetodeepworkcanfostergreaterinnovationandamoreskilledworkforce.Inanageofdistraction,theabilitytoconcentratedeeplyisasuperpowerthatyieldsasignificantcompetitiveedge.16.Whatistheprimarycharacteristicof"deepwork"?A)Completingalargevolumeofsimpletasksquickly.B)Focusingwithoutdistractionondemandingtasks.C)Workingcollaborativelyinateamsetting.D)Multitaskingacrossseveralimportantprojects.17.Accordingtothepassage,whyisdeepworkbecomingrare?A)Becausecognitivelydemandingtasksnolongerexist.B)Becausemodernworkcultureisfilledwithdistractions.C)Becausepeoplelackthenecessaryeducationforit.D)Becausecompaniesdonotvalueitsoutcomes.18.Whichofthefollowingisconsidered"shallowwork"?A)Writingacomplexresearchreport.B)Designinganewsoftwarealgorithm.C)Attendingaroutinestatus-updatemeeting.D)Developingalong-termstrategicplan.19.Whatisonesuggestedstrategyforcultivatingdeepwork?A)Checkingemailsmorefrequentlytostayupdated.B)Schedulingspecifictimeblocksforfocusedwork.C)Workinglongerhourstocompensatefordistractions.D)Keepingallnotificationsontohandleurgentmatters.20.Whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowardsdeepwork?A)Skepticalaboutitspracticality.B)Criticalofitsdemandsonemployees.C)Confidentinitsvalueandbenefits.D)Indifferenttoitsgrowingpopularity.PassageThreeQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thehistoryofthemodernpizzaisastoryofmigrationandadaptation.WhileflatbreadswithtoppingshaveancientrootsintheMediterranean,thepizzaasweknowit—withitscharacteristictomatosauceandmozzarellacheese—wasborninNaples,Italy,inthe18thorearly19thcentury.Itwasinitiallyafoodforthepoor,soldinstreetstallsandinformalsettings.Thepivotalmomentforpizza'sglobaljourneycamewithItalianimmigrationtotheUnitedStatesinthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.ThefirstdocumentedpizzeriaintheU.S.,Lombardi's,openedinNewYorkCityin1905.Initially,itremainedpopularprimarilywithinItalian-Americancommunities.However,followingWorldWarII,AmericansoldiersstationedinItalydevelopedatasteforpizzaandbroughttheirappetitehome.This,combinedwiththeriseofautomobilecultureandsuburbanization,ledtotheproliferationofpizzeriasandthebirthoflargechains.Americaninnovationsignificantlytransformedthedish.Thedeep-dishpizzaofChicago,thethin-crust"NewYork-style"slice,andthestandardizedversionsfromnationalchainslikeDomino'sandPizzaHutadaptedpizzatolocaltastesandfast-foodculture.Theseversionsoftenfeaturedmoretoppings,thickercrusts,andafocusondeliveryandconvenience.Today,pizzaisaglobalphenomenon,withvariationsfromJapan(withtoppingslikesquidandmayonnaise)toBrazil(withgreenpeasandcatupirycheese).Yet,itsNeapolitanrootsarestillcelebrated.In2017,theartoftheNeapolitanpizzaiuolo(pizzamaker)wasinscribedonUNESCO'sRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity,recognizingitsculturalsignificance.Pizza'sevolutionfromahumbleNeapolitanstreetfoodtoaworldwidestapledemonstrateshowfoodcantravel,adapt,andyetretainitscoreidentity.21.Whereandwhendidthemodernpizzawithtomatoandcheeseoriginate?A)InancientGreece.B)InNewYorkCityin1905.C)InNaples,Italy,inthe18th/19thcentury.D)InRomeduringtheRenaissance.22.WhatwasthekeyfactorthathelpedpizzagainpopularityintheUnitedStates?A)AwidespreadadvertisingcampaignbyItalianchefs.B)AmericansoldiersreturningfromItalyafterWWII.C)Theinventionoffrozenpizza.D)Healthreportspromotingitsnutritionalvalue.23.HowdidAmericancultureinfluencepizza?A)Itmadepizzasimplerandplainer.B)Itledtovariationslikedeep-dishandafocusondelivery.C)ItstrictlypreservedtheoriginalNeapolitanrecipe.D)Itreducedtheuseofcheeseandtomatosauce.24.WhatdoestheUNESCOrecognitionin2017signify?A)Pizzaisthehealthiestfastfoodoption.B)TheNeapolitanstyleistheonlyauthenticpizza.C)TheskillofNeapolitanpizza-makingisculturallyimportant.D)Pizzashouldbemadeexactlyasitwasinthe19thcentury.25.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Pizzaisunhealthybutpopular.B)Pizza'shistoryshowshowfoodglobalizesandadapts.C)AmericanpizzaissuperiortoItalianpizza.D)Makingpizzaisacomplicatedartform.PartIIVocabularyandGrammar(20points)SectionA(10points)Directions:Therearetenincompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.26.Themanagerinsistedthattheproposal______reviewedbythecommitteebeforeanydecisionwasmade.A)wasB)beC)isD)wouldbe27.Despitetheinitialdifficulties,theresearchteam______indevelopingaworkingprototype.A)succeededB)managedC)achievedD)completed28.Thenewpolicyisdesignedto______innovationandentrepreneurshipamongyounggraduates.A)fosterB)ceaseC)prohibitD)discourage29.IfI______you,Iwouldreconsidertheinvestmentgiventhecurrentmarketvolatility.A)amB)wereC)havebeenD)willbe30.Thereportpresentsa______analysisoftheeconomicfactorsinfluencingconsumerbehavior.A)comprehensiveB)defensiveC)passiveD)subjective31.It'shightimewe______measurestoaddresstheenvironmentalimpactofplasticwaste.A)takeB)tookC)havetakenD)willtake32.Thecompany'ssuccesscanbelargely______toitscommitmenttocustomersatisfaction.A)attributedB)contributedC)distributedD)substituted33.Hespokeso______thateventhoseatthebackofthehallcouldhearhimclearly.A)vaguelyB)distinctlyC)hesitantlyD)privately34.Thesoftwareupdateis______tofixseveralsecurityvulnerabilitiesidentifiedlastmonth.A)intendedB)extendedC)pretendedD)contended35.Notuntiltheprojectwasfinished______howmuchefforthadbeeninvolved.A)sherealizedB)didsherealizeC)shehadrealizedD)hadsherealizedSectionB(10points)Directions:Therearetensentencesinthissection.Eachsentencehasawordorphraseunderlined.BeloweachsentencearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEwordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpart.36.Thenegotiationsreachedacriticalpointwhereasinglemisstepcouldleadtofailure.A)finalB)favorableC)decisiveD)early37.Theartist'searlyworksarecharacterizedbybolduseofcoloranddramaticthemes.A)criticizedforB)filledwithC)typicalofD)devoidof38.Thegovernmenthaspledgedtoallocatemorefundstopublichealthcare.A)spendB)donateC)distributeD)invest39.Hisexplanationwassovaguethatitconfusedeveryoneinthemeeting.A)clearB)detailedC)ambiguousD)logical40.Theoldbridgeisnotstableenoughtosupportheavyvehicles.A)strongB)wideC)longD)modern41.Shederivedgreatsatisfactionfromhelpingothersinthecommunity.A)expectedB)obtainedC)demandedD)reduced42.Thetwotheoriesarefundamentallydifferentandcannotbeeasilyreconciled.A)slightlyB)basicallyC)occasionallyD)supposedly43.Themuseumprohibitsphotographyinthespecialexhibitionhall.A)encouragesB)forbidsC)promotesD)regulates44.Theyhadtoabandontheiroriginalplanduetothesuddenchangeinweather.A)modifyB)discussC)giveupD)prepare45.Thescientist'sfindingscontradictthecommonlyheldbeliefaboutthephenomenon.A)supportB)confirmC)challengeD)ignorePartIIITranslation(15points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.随着数字技术的快速发展，远程办公已成为许多公司的常态。这种工作模式为员工提供了更大的灵活性，使他们能够更好地平衡工作与生活。同时，它也有助于企业降低办公成本，并吸引来自不同地区的人才。然而，远程办公也带来了一些挑战，例如团队沟通可能不够顺畅，以及员工有时会感到孤立。因此，企业需要制定明确的政策并提供合适的工具，以确保远程工作的效率与员工的幸福感。PartIVWriting(25points)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicTheImpactofSocialMediaonInterpersonalRelationships.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.描述社交媒体的普及现状。2.分析社交媒体对人际关系的积极和消极影响。3.提出你个人对于如何健康使用社交媒体的建议。---AnswerKeyPartIReadingComprehensionSectionA:1.C2.I3.L4.J5.B6.D7.H8.E9.F10.KSectionB:PassageOne:11.C12.B13.C14.B15.CPassageTwo:16.B17.B18.C19.B20.CPassageThree:21.C22.B23.B24.C25.BPartIIVocabularyandGrammarSectionA:26.B27.A28.A29.B30.A31.B32.A33.B34.A35.BSectionB:36.C37.C38.C39.C40.A41.B42.B43.B44.C45.CPartIIITranslationWiththerapiddevelopmentofdigitaltechnology,remoteworkhasbecomethenormformanycompanies.Thisworkingmodeloffersemployeesgreaterflexibility,enablingthemtoachieveabetterwork-lifebalance.Meanwhile,italsohelpscompaniesreduceofficecostsandattracttalentfromdifferentregions.However,remoteworkalsopresentssomechallenges,suchaspotentialinefficienciesinteamcommunicationandemployeessometimesfeelingisolated.Th