Unit 6 Living with nature 单元测试题（含解析）2025-2026学年外研版（2024）八年级下册

Unit6Livingwithnature一、阅读理解，本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分。阅读下列短文，根据短文内容选择最佳选项。Peoplehavealwaysbeenveryinterestedinspace,butspacecanalsobedangerous,withbigrockscalledasteroids（小行星）movingaround.Recently,asmallasteroidnamed“2024YR4”hascaughtlotsofattention.OnFebruary7th,2025,itwasreportedthattheasteroidhasa23%chanceofhittingtheearthin2032.Tokeepourearthsafe,Chinesescientistsareworkinghardtogether.DiscoveredinDecember,2024,“2024YR4”isthoughttobe40to100meterswide.Althoughit’sveryfaraway,over48millionkilometers,Chinesescientistsarewatchingitclosely.Theywanttofindmoredetails（细节）.________.Chinesescientistsplantomakeuseofspecialtelescopes（望远镜）.Thesetelescopes,withpowerfulcamerasandsmartsoftware,willhelpscientistsobserve（观察）theasteroidclearly,givingthemmoreinformationtothinkaboutwaystostopitifit’scomingtooclose.Tofindouttheasteroid’spath,Chinawillusesupercomputerstolearnaboutitssize,shape,speedandtheinfluenceofotherplanets’gravity（重力）onit.Chinaisworkingonwaystochangetheasteroid’spath.Theyhaveideaslikesendingaspaceshiptohititsoftlyorusingaspaceship’spulltoslowlychangeitsdirection.China’sbigplanshowshowmuchitcaresaboutprotectingourplanet.Thescientistsbelievethatifanasteroiddoescometooclose,theycanreactinacalmandpreparedway.1.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinsizeto“2024YR4”？A．Acar. B．Abasketball. C．Thesun. D．Afootballfield.2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin“________”？A．Chinaisplayingabigroleinthiseffort.B．Manycountrieshavegivenupresearchingtheasteroid.C．Scientistshavealreadyfoundaperfectwaytostoptheasteroid.D．Theasteroidwillsurelymisstheearthin2032.3.Whydoscientistsusespecialtelescopes?A．Toobservetheasteroidclearly. B．Totakepicturesofspace.C．Tostudythesun’sactivity. D．Toexplorethesolarsystem.4.Whatcansupercomputersbeusedtolearnabouttheasteroid?a.howbigitis

b.howitisformed

c.howfastitmovesd.howotherplanets’gravitypullsit

e.howitlooksinshapeA．abcd B．bcde C．abde D．acde5.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheDiscoveryofAsteroid2024YR4 B．China’sPlantoKeepEarthSafefromanAsteroidC．HowScientistsWatchAsteroids D．TheAmazingJourneytoSpace二、完形填空，本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thisyear,StartofAutumn（立秋）beginsonAug7.Here’s6youshouldknowaboutStartofAutumn.“AutumnTiger”StartofAutumnisthebeginningofautumn,butthe7weatherdoesnotend.People8thehotdaysafterStartofAutumn"AutumnTiger".Fleshingout（发胖）inautumnOnthefirstdayofStartofAutumn,usuallypeoplewillweigh9.Whentheyfindtheybecome10duringthesummer,thenatStartofAutumn,they’llfleshoutby11manydifferentkindsoffood.Gathering（收割）cropsStartofAutumnisabigtimefor12.It’stimetogathercrops.EatingpeachesInHangzhou,peopleeatpeachesatStartofAutumn.TheykeepthepeachstonesuntilNewYear’sEveandthenthrowthemintothe13toburnthem.Peoplethinktheycan14illnessesinthisway.Eatinggourds（葫芦）DuringtheQingDynasty,peoplewouldeatgourdsontheday.TodaypeopleinTianjin15keepthiscustom（风俗）.6.A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything7.A．warm B．hot C．cool D．cold8.A．spell B．tell C．call D．speak9.A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves D．yourself10.A．thick B．strong C．fat D．thin11.A．eating B．drinking C．talking D．thinking12.A．students B．workers C．farmers D．doctors13.A．fire B．water C．air D．oil14.A．gettogetherwith B．getawayfrom C．getcloseto D．getbehind15.A．just B．again C．so D．still三、七选五：根据上下文补全对话，20分。 Alice:Theweatherissonicetoday.Ilovebeingoutsideinnature.Henry:Metoo.16Alice:Yes.Haveyouevergonehikinginthemountains?Henry:Yes,Ihave.Lastsummer,Ihikedinaforest.17Alice:Thatsoundsamazing.Ihaveneverseenawaterfallbefore.Henry:18Natureisfullofsurprises.Alice:I’dloveto.Ialsoenjoywatchingthesunsetatthebeach.Henry:That’sagreatidea.19Alice:Yes.Natureisreallywonderful.Weshouldtakecareofit.Henry:Iagree.20A．Youshouldvisitonesomeday.B．Protectingnatureisveryimportant!C．Isawbeautifulbirdsandabigwaterfall.D．Ilovegoingtothezootoseewildanimals.E．Ithinkrainydaysarebetterthansunnydays.F．Watchingthewavesandthesunsetissopeaceful.G．Thefreshairandgreentreesmakemefeelrelaxed.四、书面表达，30分。三峡大坝(ThreeGorgesDam)作为世界最大的水力发电工程(hydro-electricpowerproject)，自规划建设至今备受瞩目。其在多个领域发挥了重要作用，但也伴随一些争议与挑战，请谈谈你的看法。注意：(1)词数80~100；(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；(3)文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．D2．A3．A4．D5．B【导语】本文主要讲了小行星“2024YR4”可能在2032年撞击地球，中国科学家正密切观测并制定应对计划以保护地球的故事。1.细节理解题。根据“DiscoveredinDecember,2024,‘2024YR4’isthoughttobe40to100meterswide.”可知，这颗小行星的宽度在40到100米之间，与一个足球场的大小最接近。故选D。2.推理判断题。根据空后内容“Chinesescientistsplantomakeuseofspecialtelescopes...”可知，这一段开始介绍中国科学家在应对这颗小行星上的具体行动，因此此处是引出中国在其中扮演的重要角色。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据“Thesetelescopes,withpowerfulcamerasandsmartsoftware,willhelpscientistsobservetheasteroidclearly...”可知，使用特殊望远镜是为了清晰地观测这颗小行星。故选A。4.细节理解题。根据“Tofindouttheasteroid’spath,Chinawillusesupercomputerstolearnaboutitssize,shape,speedandtheinfluenceofotherplanets’gravityonit.”可知，超级计算机可以用来了解小行星的大小（a）、形状（e）、速度（c）以及其他行星引力对它的影响（d）。故选D。5.最佳标题题。全文围绕中国科学家为保护地球免受小行星“2024YR4”威胁所做的计划和行动展开，因此最适合的标题是“China’sPlantoKeepEarthSafefromanAsteroid”。故选B。6．C7．B8．C9．A10．D11．A12．C13．A14．B15．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了立秋的时间、俗称“秋老虎”的含义，以及“贴秋膘”“摘桃”“吃葫芦”等相关习俗。6.句意：以下是一些你需要了解的关于立秋的知识。nothing没有什么；anything任何事；something一些事；everything一切。结合语境，这里表示“一些知识”。故选C。7.句意：立秋是秋天的开始，但炎热的天气并没有结束。warm温暖的；hot炎热的；cool凉爽的；cold寒冷的。根据后文“AutumnTiger”（秋老虎）的提示可知，立秋后炎热天气仍在持续。故选B。8.句意：人们把立秋后的炎热天气称为“秋老虎”。spell拼写；tell告诉；call称呼；speak说话。固定搭配callsth.sth.表示“把……称为……”，符合语境。故选C。9.句意：在立秋的第一天，人们通常会称自己的体重。themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己；yourselves你们自己；yourself你自己。句子主语是people，对应的反身代词是themselves。故选A。10.句意：当他们发现自己在夏天变瘦了，就会在立秋时通过吃各种食物来贴秋膘thick厚的；strong强壮的；fat胖的；thin瘦的。结合“贴秋膘”的习俗，是因为夏天变瘦了才需要进补。故选D。11.句意：他们会通过吃各种食物来贴秋膘。eating吃；drinking喝；talking谈论；thinking思考。“贴秋膘”的方式是吃食物。故选A。12.句意：立秋对农民来说是重要的时节，是收割庄稼的时候。students学生；workers工人；farmers农民；doctors医生。收割庄稼是农民的工作。故选C。13.句意：他们会把桃核留到除夕夜，然后扔进火里烧掉。fire火；water水；air空气；oil油。根据“burnthem”（烧掉它们）的提示，可知是扔进火里。故选A。14.句意：人们认为这样可以远离疾病。gettogetherwith和……相聚；getawayfrom远离；getcloseto靠近；getbehind落后。结合习俗寓意，烧桃核是为了远离疾病。故选B。15.句意：如今天津人仍然保留着这个习俗。just刚刚；again再次，so所以；still仍然。这里表示习俗延续至今，“仍然”符合语境。故选D。16．G17．C18．A19．F20．B【导语】本文是Alice和Henry的对话，二人围绕“喜欢在大自然中活动”展开交流，分享了各自的经历和感受，还讨论了保护自然的重要性。16.根据“Metoo.和“Yes.Haveyouevergonehikinginthemountains？”可知，此处Henry需要补充说明自己喜欢在户外的原因，且内容要和自然相关。选项G“新鲜的空气和绿树让我感到放松。”符合语境，故选G。17.根据“Lastsummer,Ihikedinaforest.”和“Thatsoundsamazing.Ihaveneverseenawaterfallbefore.”可知，此处Henry需要讲述自己在森林里的具体发现，且和“瀑布”相关。选项C“我看到了漂亮的鸟和一个大瀑布。”符合语境，故选C。18.根据“Ihaveneverseenawaterfallbefore.”和“Natureisfullofsurprises.”可知，此处Henry需要建议Alice去看瀑布，衔接自然。选项A“你有一天应该去看看。”符合语境，故选A。19.根据“Ialsoenjoywatchingthesunsetatthebeach.”和“Yes.Natureisreallywonderful.”可知，此处Henry需要补充说明在海滩看日落的感受，且和“日落”相关。选项F看海浪和日落是如此宁静。"符合语境，故选F。20.根据“Iagree.”和“Weshouldtakecareofit.”可知，此处Henry需要表达对保护自然的看法，呼应前文的“保护自然”。选项B“保护自然非常重要！”符合语境，故选B。21.Onepossibleversion:ThreeGorgesDamistheworld’slargesthydro-electricpowerproject.ItstandsproudlyontheYangtze