专题08 做人与做事（人与自我 ）（试卷）

专题08做人与做事（人与自我）【写作指导】做人做事为主题的文章涉及现实生活中各个方面的学问，如社区邻里、学校生活、亲人、朋友、职业、事件等。此类读后续写则是通过阅读文本信息，结合现实生活加以提炼总结，最后得出具有普遍意义的规律来进行续写部分的升华。续写一定要呈现正能量，如踏踏实实做人，实实在在办事；再如拼搏努力，挑战自我等。具体写作过程如下：读懂原文，划分要素（记叙文六要素）读透首句，确定情节发展（梳理故事情节和发展脉络，提炼故事主要事件）列出大纲，紧扣主题个人成长（突出改变和成长，如：克服困难、克服自卑等）写出句式，句句升级（多变句式如：定语从句、名词性从句、强调句、非谓语短语等灵活运用）检查错误，书写优美（字迹工整，检查时态、语法、单词拼写等错误）【素材宝库】词汇积累（单词类）道德的_______________参加；参与_______________公平_______________控告；谴责不公平_______________雇佣_______________获得；购得_______________道歉_______________最终_______________追求_______________判断_______________犹豫_______________勤勉的,刻苦的_______________有幽默感的_______________聪明的_______________独立的_______________坚持不懈的_______________诚实的_______________（动词短语类） 开启你的职业生涯_______________金钱的价值_______________向某人道歉_______________增强信心_______________出生在....._______________来自于一个富裕家庭_______________对某人苛刻的_______________出生于一个农民家庭_______________句式积累1.Youdon’twanttolookbackinyearstocomeandsay,“IwishIhadthoughtmoreaboutwhatIreallywantedtodo.”你不想回顾未来的岁月，然后说：“我希望我能更多地思考我真正想做的是什么。”2.Iamanhonest,easy-going,alwayssmiletothelife.热爱生命，尊老爱幼，善良温柔，活泼大方，为人诚实，助人为乐、注重情感。Shewasaveryhonestpersonwhowasincapableofdissembling.她是一个非常诚实的人，不会伪装。Hesitantlyatfirst,thenabruptly,arippleofapplauserosefromtheonlookers.起初有些犹豫，然后突然，旁观者发出了一阵阵阵掌声.5.People’sgenerousandselflessactionswillcreatearippleofgoodness,whichwillbepassedinturnfrompersontoperson.人们的慷慨无私的行为将会带动一系列的善举，着反过来又会在不同人之间传递。6.Shegavehimadazzlingsmile.她冲着他粲然一笑。7.Hearingwhathesaid,Alicegrinnedfromeartoear,awaveofhappinessfloodingoverher.听见他说的话，Alice咧开嘴笑，一股幸福的浪潮涌上她的心头。Hearinghiswordsonthephone,Ihungmyheadshamefully,awaveofguiltsweepingovermewithmyfaceburning.电话里，听见他的话，我羞愧得低下头,一阵愧疚向我袭来,脸上发烫。Inoddedback，feelingtearswellupinmyeyes.我点了点头回应着并且感觉到泪水夺框而出。Hestoodsilently，tearsrollingdownhischeeks/tearswellingupinhiseyes.他静静地站着，眼泪随着他的cheeks./tears在他的眼睛里涌出。Ruthhesitated,uncertainofhowtocombinehonestyanddiplomacyinheranswer.露丝犹豫了，她不知道怎样回答才能既诚实又婉转。Shewastornbetweenherloveofdancingandherfearofperforminginpublic.(矛盾为难)她内心充满矛盾，既热爱舞蹈又害怕公开表演。Hewastornbyangerandworry.他的内心被愤怒和忧虑撕扯着。Tornbyangerandworry,hecouldn’t/couldhardlysleepallnight.他被愤怒和焦虑折磨，整晚睡不着。Indeeditseemsthatmostofusalreadyhaveafirmbeliefinfreewillandsowe'realreadybenefiting.确实，我们已然对自由意志有了坚定的信念，并且已经从中获益。Theonlywaytoimproveisthroughhardworkanddoggedperseverance.更上一层楼，唯一的途径就是艰苦奋斗，不屈不挠。Filledwithhappinessandexcitement,JimhuggedTimwithgratitudeandthewholeclassbrokeintothunderousapplause.充满了幸福和兴奋，吉姆感激地拥抱了蒂姆，全班同学都爆发出了雷鸣般的掌声。18.Seizedbyasenseofhappinessandrelief,Jimnoddedathisstudentswithasmile.感受到一种快乐和宽慰，Jim微笑着向他的学生们点了点头。19.Confusedbywhathissonwasdoing,Jimasked,“Whatareyoubusywiththesedays?”吉姆对儿子的行为感到困惑，他问：“这些天你在忙什么？”20.Somovedweretheythattheystoodup,expressedtheirsinceresorrytoJim.他们非常感动，于是站了起来，向吉姆表达了真诚的歉意。谚语积累Beahonestman,dotrueheartedbusiness.真诚做人,认真做事。Peopleareafraidofignoranceanddogsareafraidoftailing.人怕没理，狗怕夹尾。Tosubduethepopulationbyforceandthepeoplebyreason.以势服人口，以理服人心。Onehundredfeetpolehead,gofurther.百尺竿头，更进一步。Threehundredandsixtyrows,rowoutthefirstprize.三百六十行，行行出状元。Idon'tknowthewarmthofspringwithoutwinter.不经冬寒，不知春暖。Oldgingertasteshotandspicy,andoldpeoplehavemoreexperience.老姜辣味大，老人经验多。Horseslookattheirteethandpeoplelookattheirwordsanddeeds.马看牙板，人看言行Ifyouarenotafraidofghosts,youareafraidofpeople.不怕鬼吓人，就怕人吓人。Ahandfulofrunningwatercanquenchthirst.万句言语吃不饱，一捧流水能解渴。Peopledependontheirheartsandtreesdependontheirroots.人靠心好，树靠根牢。Fragrantflowersarenotnecessarilygood-looking,theymaynotbecompetent.香花不一定好看，会说不一定能干。Peopleshouldbeharderthanstonesandsofterthanflowers.人，应该比石头还坚硬，比花还温柔。Dowhatyoudon'twanttodotoothers.己所不欲，勿施于人。Beatingwaterintowaves,rocksintofire,provokingdisaster.击水成波，击石成火，激人成祸。Speaking,laughingandlaughing,notutor.说归说，笑归笑，动手动脚没家教。Betterbealazymanthanakidnapper.宁当懒汉，不去拐骗。Idon'tknowifit'spossibleforapersontobelieveit.人而无信，不知其可也。19.Betterhavenomoneythanbeshameless.宁可无钱，不可无耻。20.People'sheartsareseparatedfromtheirbellies,andpeopleseetheiractions.人心隔肚皮，看人看行为。Peopleareafraidofpoliteness.事怕合计，人怕客气。Peoplechangeheartsandminds,eightortwochangehalfakilogram.人心换人心，八两换半斤。Thegentlemanhelpsotherstoachievetheirmoralperfectionbutnottheirevilconduct.君子成人之美，不成人之恶。Nocloudinthesky,norain,noreasonintheworld.天上无云不下雨，世间无理事不成。Theambitionisnottobeold,buttobeahundredyearsold.有志不在年高，无志空长百岁。Tenyearsofgoodliterarytalent,tenyearsoftrainingcannotbeTianXiucai.十年练得好文秀才，十年练不成田秀才。Thetongueislongandfleshy,butthefactisthatitisbeatenwithiron.舌头是肉长的，事实是铁打的。Thegentlemanisopenandmagnanimous,thevillainislongandsorrowful.君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。Forwardfoot,backfoot,wrongstep,wrongstep.前脚走，后脚到，一步错，步步错。Manpracticesintheworld,andknivesgrindonstones.人在世上练，刀在石上磨。Speakkindlytoothers,warmtoclothandsilk;hurtothers,deeptospear.与人善言，暖于布帛；伤人以言，深于矛戟。Ifyoudon'tgotothetiger'sden,youwon'tgetthetiger'sson.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。Povertyisgoodforitself,whileattainmentisgoodfortheworld.穷则独善其身，达则兼善天下。Besincereincriticizingothersandmodestinlisteningtotheiropinions.批评别人要诚恳，听取意见要虚心。Theroadistrampledbygrasspedestriansandotherssaythattheirmindisnotright.大路有草行人踩，心术不正旁人说。Agentlemantalksandavillainacts.君子动口，小人动手。Stealingneedlesinanhourisbiggerthanstealinggold.小时偷针，大了偷金。Gentlemendifferfromeachother,andvillainsdifferfromeachother.君子和而不同，小人同而不和。It'stoolatetochange.过而不改，是谓过矣。It'sbettertobreakapieceofjadethantofinishit.宁可玉碎，不能瓦全。Birdscherishfeathers,tigerstheirskins,andpeople'sfaces.鸟惜羽毛虎惜皮，为人处世惜脸皮。Althoughtheroadisendlessandfaraway,Istillwanttopursuethetruthintheworld.路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。Peopleareafraidoflosingfaceandtreesareafraidoflosingbark.人怕没脸，树怕没皮。万能写作模板阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AHeartyWelcomeChasecountedhisnewyeargiftsonemoretimeasheputarobot-shapederaserintoeachenvelope.“Twenty,twenty-one,twenty-two.”“Doyouhaveoneforeveryoneinyourclass?”Momasked.“Yep!”Chasesaid.“I’mreadyforthepartytomorrow!”WhenChasegottoschoolthenextday,hesawanewgirlinhisclassroom.ShestoodnearMs.Robinsandlookedaroundshyly.“ThisisEva,”saidMs.Robins.“Willsomeonevolunteertoshowheraroundtoday?“Chaseraisedhishandsincehelikedshowingthenewkidsaroundandhelpingthemfeelwelcome.“Thanks,Chase,“Ms.Robinssaid.“Nowlet’sgetdowntoourwork.”That’swhenChaserealizedhedidn’thaveanewyeargiftforEva.Nooneelsewouldhaveoneeither.Chasepicturedhisclassmates’deskscoveredwithgiftswhileEva’sdeskwasempty.Hefeltsadaboutthat.Atabreak,hewascarefulnottomentionthepartyasheshowedEvaaroundtheplayground.Atlunchtime,hewalkedEvatothelunchroom,stillworriedaboutwhatwouldhappenattheparty.Evahadbroughtapackedlunch.soChaseshowedherwhereshewassupposedtositandintroducedhertosomeofthekidsathertable.Whileeating,Chasesuddenlyrememberedthatkidsoftenincludedcandyheartswiththenewyeargiftstheyexchanged.Thiswon’tbeaNewYear’sDayforEvawithnogifts.Butashesatdownathistable,anideafloodedintohishead.Hewhisperedittothekidsaroundhim.Sooneveryoneatthetablewasnoddingandwhispering.Whentheywerebackintheclassroomafterlunch,ChasetoldMs.Robinsabouttheirplan.Ms.Robinssmiled.“That’sverythoughtful,“shesaid.“Let’sgoforit.”Itwasmathtime,soChaseinvitedEvatostudywithhim.HemadesureEvasatwithherbacktotheroomsoshewouldn’tnotice.1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位登作答。Meanwhile,hernewclassmateswerebusyingworkingonsomething.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Here’syournewyeargift,Eva.It’sfromeveryone,”saidChase.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【高考真题】（2021年浙江卷1月读后续写）Mydad,George,onlyhadaneighthgradeeducation.Aquietman,hedidn'tunderstandmyworldofschoolactivities.Fromage14,heworked.Andhisdad,Albert,tookthemoneymydadearnedandusedittopayfamilyexpenses.Ididn'treallyunderstandhisworldeither:Hewasalivestocktrucker,andIthoughtthatIwouldsurpass(超过)anythinghehadaccomplishedbythetimeIwalkedacrossthestageathighschoolgraduation.Summersinthemid-70swerespentathomeshootingbaskets,hittingabaseball,orthrowingafootball,preparingformyfutureasaquarterbackonafootballteam.Inpoorweather,Ireadaboutsportsorpracticedmytrombone(长号).ThesummerbeforemyeighthgradeIwasoneofagroupofboysthataneighboringfarmerhiredtoworkinhisfield.Heexplainedourbasictask,thetractorfiredupandwewereoff,ridingdownthefieldlookingforweedstospraywithchemicals.Afterashortway,thefarmerstoppedandpointedataweedwhichwemissed.Thenwebeganagain.Thishappenedoverandover,butwesoonlearnedtoidentifydifferentgrasseslikecockleburs,lamb's-quarters,foxtails,andthekingofweeds,theprettypurplethistle.Itwastiringwork,butIlookedforwardtothepay,eventhoughIwasn'tsurehowmuchitwouldamountto.Athome,mydadsaid,"Ajob'sabigsteptogrowingup.I'mgladyouwillbecontributingtothehousehold."Mydad'swordsmademerealizethatmyearningsmightnotbeminetodowithasIwished.Mylaborslastedabouttwoweeks,andthefarmersaidtheremightbemorework,butIwasn'tinterested.IdecideditwasnotfairthatIhadtocontributemymoney.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Thepayarrivedatlast________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iunderstoodimmediatelywhatmyparentswereworriedabout.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【名校模拟题提升练】1.（2023-2024·湖南·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ramustartedabusinesswithgreatenthusiasmbutjustafterafewmonthshisbusinesswentunder.TimepassedbutRamudidn’tstartanynewwork.Histeachergottoknowabouthissituationandcalledhimtohishome.Theteacherasked,“Whydon’tyoustartsomeotherwork?”Ramureplied,“Igavemyeverythingtomybusinessandyetitstillfailed.”Theteachertriedtocomforthim,saying“Butthat’slife.Sometimeswegetsuccessandsometimeswedon’t.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatwestopworking.”“What’sthepointofdoingwork,whenIcan’tbesureofsuccess?”Ramurepliedwithabitofannoyance.TheteachertookRamutoaroomandshowedhimadeadtomatoplant.Ramuwasconfusedandsaid,“It’sdead.Whyareyoushowingittome?”Theteacherreplied,“WhenIsoweditsseed,Idideverythingrightforit.Iwateredit,fertilizedit,sprayeditwithpesticide(杀虫剂).Itookgreatcareofitbutitstilldied.”Hestoppedforawhileandthensaid,“Doingworkisthesame...Nomatterhowhardyoutry,youcannotdecidewhathappensintheend.However,youcancontrolthosethingsinyourhands.Justdoyourbest!”Ramuasked,“Butifthereisnoguaranteeofsuccessthenwhat’stheuseofdoinganything?”Theteachersaid,“You’dbetternotthinklikethat...”“What’swrongwiththat...Ihavegivensomuchhardwork,somuchmoney,somuchtime;ifsuccessisonlyamatterofchance,thenwhatistheuseofdoingsomuch?”saidRamuandhewasabouttoleave.Justthentheteacherstoppedhimandsaid,

“Beforeyouleave,Iwanttoshowyouonemorething.”注意：续写词数应为150左右；请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。HetookRamutoanotherroomandopenedthedoor.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Atthatverymoment,Ramureadthelessonofsuccess.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．（2023年·安徽·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Jean’sdreamwastobeagreatchef,sowhenshewas20,shetravelledtoFrance,whichhasthemostfamouscuisineintheworld,tolearntocook.Aftertwelveyears,shewasamongthebest.Herfather,Bob,wasgettingold,andshewantedtobenearhim.JeanacceptedanofferfromoneofWashington’stoprestaurants.Themanagerofferedherahandsomesalary,and30%ownershipoftherestaurant.Thenextday,Jeanwenttosignthecontract.Asshegotoutofthecar,shecaughtsightofagreensunshade.Insteadofgoingtomeetthemanager,shecrossedthestreettowardstheoldrestaurant,Fargonetti’s.Shepushedopenthedoorandthememoriescamefloodingback.Jean’smumdiedwhenshewasjust11,andherfatherlosthisjobandwasforcedtofreelance(从事自由职业).Moneywasveryshort.WhenJeanturnedthirteen,BobhadmadeareservationatFargonetti’s,thecapital’sbestrestaurant.“I’mnothungry,babygirl.Ihadahugebreakfast,”Bobsaid.“Thisisallforyou!”“Oh,”Jeancried.“Daddywassosilly!He’sbeensavingtocomehereforlunchforMONTHSandnowheruinedhisappetitewithbreakfast!”Thewaiter,CarlBader,immediatelyrealisedwhatwasgoingonandwenttoMrFargonetti,therestaurantowner,andtoldhimaboutJeanandBob.Anhourlater,surprisingly,thewaiterbroughtwonderfuldishesandsetthembeforethefatheranddaughter.“LunchisonthehousewithMrFargoneti’scompliments(致意),”Carlsaid.ForBobandJean,itwasafreebutmagicalmeal.Theywereoncloudninewhentheywalkedout.“Jean,“saidBobhappily.“Ifeelourluckhaschanged!”Anditdid!Thenextday,oneofBob’soldfriendscalledandofferedhimajobatanewmagazine,andJeanbelievedFargonetti’shadmadeitallhappen.Thatwaswhenshedecidedtobecomeachef!Twentyyearslater,theoldrestaurantlookedrun-downandsad,butJeanrecognisedthewaiterimmediately.“Carl?”sheaskeddelightedly.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Themanlookedsurprised.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JeanwasstaringatCarlandabrilliantideawastakingshapeinhermind.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．（2023年·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Ineededtodosomethinginmycommunity(社区)inordertocompletethecommunityservicehoursrequiredtograduatefromhighschool.Someofmyfriendshadsigneduptospendtimeatasoupkitchen,soIdid,too.Itseemedlikeagoodthingtodo.Ithoughtthatwewouldjustbepassingoutdinnerstothoseinneed,butIfoundoutwewouldbedoingeverythingfrompreparingtoservingthedinner.Webeganpreparingthefood,frommixingsaladdressingtoseparatingfrozenmeat.Muchstillneededtobedonebeforedinnerwasserved,butalreadyoutsidethebuildingmanyhomelesspeopleweregathering.Itwasn’tuntilacoupleofhourslaterthatweopenedthedoorsandbeganservingdinner.Asthelineofpeoplecametowardme,Igotalittlescared.I’dcomefacetofacewiththehomeless:HowshouldIact?Howwouldtheytreatme?Wouldtheyhatemeforhavingmorethantheydid?Whilesomeofthepeoplelookedveryfriendly,someofthemlookedsodangerous.Ididn’thavetoomuchtimetoworryaboutit.Iwasassigned(分配)toservethesaladwiththeladynexttome.ShesmiledatmeandsaidifIneededhelp,she’dberightthere,whichIfoundquitecomforting.Ihadneverseensomanypeoplewantingfood.Theywereofallagesandnationalities.Mostofthemworeclothesthatweretornanddirty.Somelookedliketheyhadtallygivenuponlife,whileothersseemedtobemakingthebestofthesituation,smilingandjoking.Somewerebetteroffthanothers,buttheyallneededagoodmealandawarmplacetoeat.Itsaddenedmetothinkofhowmanypeopletherewerewhodidn’thaveaplacetocallhomeandtheonlyfoodtheygotcamefromasoupkitchen.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:Astheycameinmydirection,Iputonmybrightestandhappiestsmile.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:IwassohappythatIhadearnedmyservicehoursinthisway.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．（2023-2024学年·杭州·一模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MydadandIhadbeenlookingforwardtotheStalecross-countryraceofmysenioryearofhighschool,whichwouldbetheclimax(顶点)ofmyexistence.Iwasthefastestrunneronmyteam,andIwassupposedtomakeitintothetopfifteen.Wehadbeenworkingtowardsthisraceforthreeyears.Itwaseverythingtome,anditwaseverythingtomydad.Hewasarunnerandwaswildwithjoybymysuccessinrunning.Hemadeittoeveryrace,evenflyinghomeearlyfrombusinesstripstoseemerun.Ialwayslistenedforhisvoice,whichrangabovethecrowd-tellingmetorelaxmyarms,callingoutmytime.Hepushedme.Hecheeredforme.Hebelievedinme.WespentcountlesshoursonthesandycanalsofArizona.Breathinginthedustofthedesert,theblossomsoftheorangetrees,andtheterriblesmellofthedairyfarm,wemadeourwayacrossthecity.Wepoundedmilesandmilesintoourrunningshoes,markingwitheverystepthepathtogreatness.Itwasajourneythatwasjustours.Adreampassedonfromonegenerationtothenext.Thenthebigdaycame.Itwashotterthannormal-toohot.Mythroatfeltlikeafieldofcotton,crackedwiththesummerheat,asIwaitedfortheguntofire.Igazedoutatthecrowd;dozensoffamiliarfacesfromchurchandschoolflickeredacrossmyview.Theyhadcomeforme.Theywerecountingonme.Isawmydadsethiswatch,worryandexcitementetchedacrosshisface.Withthesoundofagunshot,theracebegan.Forthefirsttwoandhalfmiles,Ifeltgreat.Ihadneverbeforebeensoreadyforsomething.Theweeksleadinguptotheracewerefilledwithhardpracticesandastrictdiet.Thescorchingsunbeatuponmyback,blindingmewithitsbrilliance.Nothingwasgoingtostopme,though.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。However,withoutwarning,mystrengthwasrunningout.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwhispered,“I’msosorryIdisappointedyou,Dad.”___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．（2023年·襄阳·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mygreat-grandmotherEileenisfierce,loyalandstrongandabitofalegendinherlifetime,whichnowstretchesto92years.We’renotallowedtocallherGran,becauseitmakesherfeelold.Thatsummer,I