2017英语四级试题3

2017英语四级试题3

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.SupposeyouareaskedtogiveadviceonhowtolearnEnglisheffectively.Youcanwriteabouttheimportanceofconsistency,practicalmethods,orcreatinganimmersiveenvironment.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.---PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Intoday'sdigitalage,thewayweconsumenewshasundergonearadicaltransformation.Traditionalnewspapersarefacinganunprecedentedchallengefromonlineplatforms.TheinstantnatureoftheInternetmeansthatnewsbreaksandspreadsatanincrediblespeed,often__(1)__traditionalmedia'sabilitytokeepup.Thisshifthasledtoadeclineinnewspapercirculationandadvertisingrevenue,forcingmanyprintpublicationstoeitheradaptorcease__(2)__.However,theriseofdigitalnewsisnotwithoutitsproblems.The__(3)__ofinformationonlinemakesitdifficulttodistinguishbetweencrediblejournalismandmisinformation.Socialmediaalgorithms,designedtomaximizeuserengagement,oftencreate"echochambers"whereindividualsareonlyexposedtoviewpointsthat__(4)__theirexistingbeliefs.Thiscanleadtoincreasedsocialpolarization.Despitethesechallenges,qualityjournalismremains__(5)__.Investigativereportingthatholdspowertoaccount,in-depthanalysisofcomplexissues,andfact-basedstorytellingaremorecrucialthanever.Thekeyfortraditionalnewsorganizationsistoleveragetheir__(6)__—suchasbrandtrustandprofessionaleditorialstandards—whilefullyembracingdigitaltools.Theymustfindsustainablebusinessmodels,perhapsthroughdigitalsubscriptionsormemberships,tofundtheir__(7)__work.Forthepublic,developingmedialiteracyisessential.Readersmustlearntocritically__(8)__sources,checkfacts,andbeawareofpotentialbiases.Thefutureofawell-informedsocietymaydependonasuccessful__(9)__betweenthereliabilityofprofessionaljournalismandthedynamismofthedigitalage.Itisacomplex__(10)__thatrequireseffortfrombothnewsproducersandconsumers.WordBank:A)evaluateB)overwhelmingC)operationD)vitalE)integrationF)matchG)surpassingH)coreI)dilemmaJ)advantagesK)reliableL)paceM)missionN)crucialO)reinforceSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomestatements.Yourtaskistocheckwhetherthestatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.Mark:Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformation;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.TheBenefitsofUrbanGreenSpacesUrbangreenspaces,suchasparks,gardens,andgreenways,areincreasinglyrecognizedasvitalcomponentsoflivablecities.Theirbenefitsextendfarbeyondmereaesthetics.Ecologically,greenspaceshelpmitigatethe"urbanheatisland"effect,wherecityareasbecomesignificantlywarmerthantheirruralsurroundingsduetohumanactivitiesandconstructedsurfaces.Plantsprovideshadeandreleasemoistureintotheairthroughaprocesscalledtranspiration,whichcoolstheenvironment.Theyalsoimproveairqualitybyabsorbingpollutantsandcarbondioxidewhileproducingoxygen.Fromasocialandpsychologicalperspective,accesstogreenareashasbeenconsistentlylinkedtoimprovedmentalhealth.Studiesshowthatspendingtimeinnaturecanreducestress,alleviatesymptomsofanxietyanddepression,andenhanceoverallwell-being.Parksprovidecommunalareasforrecreationandsocialinteraction,fosteringasenseofcommunityamongresidents.Forchildren,playinnaturalenvironmentsiscrucialforcognitiveandphysicaldevelopment.Economically,propertieslocatednearwell-maintainedparksoftenseeanincreaseinvalue.Furthermore,greenspacescanboostlocaleconomiesbyattractingtouristsandsupportingleisure-relatedbusinesses.Theyalsocontributetopublichealthsavingsbyencouragingphysicalactivity,whichcanreducetheprevalenceofobesityandrelateddiseases.Despitetheseadvantages,thedistributionofgreenspaceswithincitiesisoftenunequal,withwealthierneighborhoodstypicallyhavingbetteraccess.Cityplannersfacethechallengeofintegratingsufficientandequitablegreeninfrastructureintourbandevelopment,especiallyindenselypopulatedareaswherelandisscarceandexpensive.Statements:1.Urbangreenspacescanmakecitiescoolerbyprovidingshadeandreleasingmoisture.2.Plantsincitiesremovecarbondioxidefromtheairbutdonotproducesignificantamountsofoxygen.3.Researchindicatesthatnaturalenvironmentscanhelpreducefeelingsofstressandanxiety.4.Theprimaryeconomicbenefitofparksisincreasingemploymentintheconstructionindustry.5.Thereisnodifferenceinaccesstogreenspacesbetweenrichandpoorurbanneighborhoods.6.Creatingnewparksindenselybuiltcitycentersisasimpletaskforplannersduetoabundantland.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneTheconceptofthe"gigeconomy"referstoalabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs.Enabledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectworkersdirectlywithclients,thismodeloffersflexibilityandautonomythattraditionalemploymentoftenlacks.Driversforride-sharingapps,deliverycouriers,andfreelanceprogrammersaretypicalparticipants.Proponentsarguethatthegigeconomyempowersindividualsbyallowingthemtochoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywork.Itcanprovideincomeopportunitiesforthosewhoneedsupplementaryearningsorcannotcommittoafull-timeposition,suchasstudentsorcaregivers.Forbusinesses,itoffersawaytoscaletheirworkforceupordownbasedondemandwithoutthefixedcostsassociatedwithsalariedemployees.However,criticshighlightsignificantdrawbacks.Gigworkersareusuallyclassifiedasindependentcontractors,whichmeanstheyoftenlackbenefitslikehealthinsurance,paidleave,retirementplans,andlegalprotectionssuchasminimumwageguarantees.Theirincomecanbeunpredictableandinsecure.Furthermore,thealgorithmicmanagementusedbymanyplatformscancreateintensepressure,withworkershavinglittlerecoursetodisputedecisions.Theriseofthegigeconomyhassparkeddebatesabouttheneedtomodernizelaborlaws.Someadvocateforanewcategoryofworkerthatfallsbetweenemployeeandcontractor,grantingcertainbasicprotectionswhilepreservingflexibility.Thefutureofworkmaydependonfindingabalancethatharnessestheinnovationofthegigmodelwhileensuringeconomicsecurityfortheworkforce.Questions:1.Whatisakeyfeatureofthegigeconomy?A)Long-termemploymentcontracts.B)Workperformedmainlyinoffices.C)Short-termorfreelanceworkarrangements.D)Highlevelsofjobsecurityandbenefits.2.Accordingtothepassage,whomightbenefitfromgigwork?A)Peopleseekingstablecareerprogression.B)Individualswhoneedflexibleworkinghours.C)Workerswhoprioritizecomprehensiveemploymentbenefits.D)Employeeslookingforstrongunionrepresentation.3.Whatisamajorcriticismofthegigeconomy?A)Itdoesnotusedigitaltechnology.B)Itofferstoomuchemployeeautonomy.C)Workersmaylacksocialsecuritybenefits.D)Itisonlyavailableinthetechnologysector.4.Whathasthegigeconomyprompteddiscussionsabout?A)ReducingtheuseoftheInternet.B)Returningtotraditionalmanufacturingjobs.C)Updatingexistinglaborregulations.D)Eliminatingallfreelancework.PassageTwoForcenturies,humanshavebeenfascinatedbytheideaofcommunicatingwithintelligentbeingsfromotherworlds.Thisconcept,knownasSETI(theSearchforExtraterrestrialIntelligence),hasevolvedfrompurespeculationintoascientificendeavor.ModernSETIprojectsusepowerfulradiotelescopestoscantheheavens,listeningforsignalsthatbearthehallmarksoftechnology,ratherthannaturalcosmicprocesses.Thelogicbehindthis"listening"approachisbasedontheuniversalityofthelawsofphysics.Radiowavestravelatthespeedoflightandcantraversethevastdistancesbetweenstarswithrelativelylittleinterference.Anadvancedcivilization,thereasoninggoes,mightuseradiowavesforcommunicationorevenbroadcastintentionalsignalstoannounceitspresence.Thefamous"Wow!signal"detectedin1977,astrongnarrowbandradiosignalthatseemedtocomefromthedirectionoftheconstellationSagittarius,remainsanintriguing,thoughunexplained,candidate.However,SETIfacesenormouschallenges.Theuniverseisimmense,andsearchingeveryfrequencyandeverypointintheskyisamonumentaltask.Fundingisoftenlimitedandintermittent,astheprojectyieldsnoimmediatepracticalresults.Thereisalsotheprofoundquestionofwhatwemightdoifweactuallydetectedasignal.Internationalprotocolsexist,suggestingstepslikeverificationandconsultationwiththeglobalcommunitybeforeanyresponse,butthesocietalandphilosophicalimplicationswouldbestaggering.Despitetheodds,thesearchcontinues.InitiativeslikeBreakthroughListen,fundedbyprivateinvestors,haveinjectednewresourcesandenergyintothefield.Thediscoveryofthousandsofexoplanetsinthe"habitablezone"aroundtheirstarshasalsomadethesearchfeelmorerelevant.Whethersuccessfulornot,SETIpushestheboundariesofourtechnologyandforcesustocontemplatehumanity'splaceinthecosmos.Questions:5.WhatistheprimarymethodusedbymodernSETIprojects?A)Sendingspacecrafttonearbystars.B)Usingopticaltelescopestolookforcitylights.C)Analyzingatmosphericdatafromexoplanets.D)Listeningforartificialradiosignalsfromspace.6.Whyareradiowavesconsideredsuitableforinterstellarcommunicationsearch?A)Theyaretheonlytypeofwavethatcantravelinspace.B)Theytravelfastandfarwithminimalinterference.C)Allknowncivilizationsareconfirmedtousethem.D)Theyareeasyforprimitivetechnologytogenerate.7.WhatdoestheauthormentionasamajordifficultyforSETI?A)ThelackofsuitableradiotelescopesonEarth.B)Theabsolutecertaintythatnootherlifeexists.C)Thevastscaleofthesearchrequired.D)Theconstantandabundantfundingitreceives.8.WhatisonepositivedevelopmentforSETImentionedinthepassage?A)Theconsistentconfirmationofaliensignals.B)Theestablishmentofaguaranteedresponseprotocol.C)Thediscoveryofmanypotentiallyhabitableplanets.D)TheworldwideagreementtostopallSETIresearch.---PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateaparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的艺术，是中华文化的重要组成部分。它不仅仅是书写文字，更是一种表达情感和个性的方式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感和节奏感的线条。练习书法需要耐心和专注，被认为是一种修身养性的活动。几千年来，书法一直深受中国人民的喜爱和尊敬，也日益受到世界各地人们的欣赏。---PartIVWriting(AlternativeTask)Note:Thispartisonlytobeusedifthefirstwritingtaskisnotapplicable.Inthiscase,pleaseignorePartIandcompletethetaskbelow.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstoaforeignteacherwhohelpedyou.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.---答案(AnswerKey)PartIWriting(Sampleessayforreference)TolearnEnglisheffectively,consistencyisparamount.Settingasideafixedtimedailyforpractice,evenifit'sjust20minutes,yieldsbetterresultsthanoccasionallongsessions.Practicalmethodsarealsocrucial.Insteadofjustmemorizingwordlists,trytousenewvocabularyinsentencesordailyconversations.Engagingwiththelanguageincontext,suchaswatchingEnglishmovieswithsubtitles,readingarticlesontopicsofinterest,orlisteningtopodcasts,cansignificantlyimprovecomprehensionandfluency.Furthermore,creatinganimmersiveenvironmenthelps.Changeyourphone'slanguagesettingtoEnglish,followEnglishsocialmediaaccounts,orfindalanguagepartnerforregularexchange.Remember,effectivelearningisactivelearning.Don'tbeafraidtomakemistakes;theyareessentialstepsinthelearningprocess.Bycombiningconsistentpracticewithpracticalapplicationandimmersion,youwillfindyourEnglishskillssteadilyprogressing.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.G)surpassing2.C)operation3.B)overwhelming4.O)reinforce5.D)vital/N)crucial(Botharecorrectincontext,butonlyonecanbeused.Typically,D)vitalischosenfirst.)(GradingNote:IfDisusedfor5,thenNisavailableforothers.However,basedoncommonusageandtheflow,astandardanswersetis:)1.G2.C3.B4.O5.D6.J7.M8.A9.E10.I(Alternatively,5couldbeN,butthenDwouldbeunused.Theabovesetispreferred.)SectionB1.Y2.N(ThepassagestatesplantsabsorbCO2andproduceoxygen,contradicting"donotproducesignificantamounts".)3.Y4.NG(Thepassagementionsboostinglocaleconomiesandpropertyvalues,butdoesnotspecify"primary"benefitormentionconstructionemploymentastheprimaryone.)5.N(Thepassagestatesdistributionisoftenunequal,contradicting"nodifference".)6.N(Thepassagesaysitisa"challenge"duetoscarceandexpensiveland,contradicting"simpletask"and"abundantland".)SectionCPassageOne1.C)Short-termorfreelanceworkarrangements.2.B)Individualswhoneedflexibleworkinghours.3.C)Workersmaylacksocialsecuritybenefits.4.C)Updatingexistinglaborregulations.PassageTwo5.D)Listeningforartificialradiosignalsfromspace.6.B)Theytravelfastandfarwithminimalinterference.7.C)Thevastscaleofthesearchrequired.8.C)Thediscoveryofma