2026年高考考前预测卷-英语（江苏卷02）（解析版）

1/212026年高考考前预测卷02(江苏卷)高三英语·全解全析(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.Howcantheman’srecipebedescribed?A.It’sareward. B.It’sasuccess. C.It’saproblem.【答案】B【原文】W:Itriedthatnewrecipeyoushared—thechocolatechipcookies.Theywereahitwithmyfamily.M:I’mgladyoulikedthem.I’vesharedthatrecipewithsomanypeopleandtheyallsaythesamething.Bakingcanbesorewarding.W:Itcertainlycan.2.What’stheman’sconcernaboutZootopia2?A.It’snotcreativeenough. B.JudyandNickaren’tfunny. C.Newcharactersaren’tvivid.【答案】A【原文】M:HaveyouseenZootopia2?Mykidssayit’samovieworthseeing.W:No,notyet.ButI’veheardgoodthingsaboutitsvividnewcharactersandthefunnyinteractionsbetweenJudyandNick.M:Yeah,butsomereviewssayitlacksnewideas.3.Whyisthewomanconcernedaboutthepopularityofasocialmediaapp?A.It'sspreadingfalseinformation.B.It'saffectingstudents'concentration.C.It'sreplacingface-to-faceinteraction.【答案】B【原文】W:Haveyounoticedhowobsessedteenagersarewith“QuickReel”?Theyspendhoursscrollingthroughshortvideos.M:It'sjustentertainment.Everygenerationhasitstrends.W:Butstudiesshowtheconstantstreamofquickcontentisreducingattentionspans.Studentsfindithardertofocusonreadingorcomplextasks.It'sarealcognitiveshift.M:Youthinkit'sactuallychanginghowtheirbrainswork?4.WhichofthefollowingaboutAmericaimpressesthemanmost?A.Thepeople. B.Thescenery. C.Themodernbuildings.【答案】C【原文】W:WhatdoyouthinkofAmerica,John?M:Thepeopletherearelovely.Thesceneryisbeautiful.Theairinthecountrysideisfresh.Andaboveall,themodernbuildingsaremostimpressive.5.Whatisimpliedabouttheman’srelationshipwithhisbrothernow?A.Theycompeteprofessionally.B.Theyareveryclose.C.Theyhavegrownapart.【答案】C【原文】M:MybrotherandIsharedaroomuntilIwassixteen.We’dstayuptalkingabouteverything—dreams,fears,sillyjokes.W:Youmustbeveryclose.M:Wewere.Thenlifehappened—differentcolleges,careers.Now,ourcallsaremostlyaboutfamilylogistics.Imissthosemidnighttalks.Funnyhowsharedhistorydoesn’tguaranteeasharedpresent.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whyaregreenroofsdesignedaccordingtotheman?A.Tosavematerials.B.Tocutdownenergyuse.C.Todealwithairpollution.7.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Futureeducation.B.Environmentalprotection.C.Improvementsinpeople’slives.【答案】6.B7.B【原文】M:I’mgladthatpeoplecaremoreabouttheenvironmentthesedays.W:Theplanetneedsourhelp.M:Forexample,morebuildingsarebeingdesignedwithgreenroofsthathelpreduceenergyuse.W:Andmorepeopleareparticipatinginclean-updrivesandreducingplasticuse.M:Yes,andthepushtowardselectricvehiclesisgreatforreducingpollution.W:Also,schoolsareteachingkidstoprotecttheenvironmentfromayoungage.It’sshapingfuturegenerationstocaremoreabouttheplanet.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whycan’tTommeetMs.Greenwelltoday?A.Ms.Greenwelldoesn’tpreparewell.B.Itisnotagooddayforvisits.C.Hemakesanunannouncedvisit.9.WhydoesTomcomehere?A.Tocallonhisinvestors.B.Tohavebusinessdiscussions.C.Toattendaconference.10.WhatdoesTomwantMs.Greenwelltodo?A.Givehimacalllater.B.Meetwithhimtomorrow.C.Visithiscompanynextweek.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【原文】W:Hello,sir.WelcometoEurasiaAssociates.Doyouhaveanappointment?M:Idon’t,sorry.I’mlookingforMs.Greenwell.Lastmonth,shementionedIshouldvisitherofficetonegotiatethepricesofourbusinessdeal.W:Isee.Ihaveherscheduleinfrontofme.ButI’mafraidtherearen’tanyappointmentslisted,noranymentionofvisitorscominginthisafternoon.M:Sure.Butisitpossibletodropintoherofficeafterlunch?W:She’sintheconferenceroomgivingapresentationtoinvestorsuntil3:00pm.MayItakeamessageforher?M:PleasementionthatTomfromACInternationalstoppedby.Here’smybusinesscardwithmymobilenumber.I’mfreeforachatonthephoneanytimetoday.AndIcancomebacktotheofficeanytimenextweek.W:Willdo,sir.Thanksforcomingby.I’lldeliverthismessageforyou.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.WhatdoesthewomanprobablythinkofSarah’sperformance?A.Excellent. B.Disappointing. C.ordinary.12.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Keepherweightbackward.B.Hireanexperiencedskier.C.Stayfocused.13.Whatdothespeakersagreetodonextweekend?A.Practiceskiingtogether.B.Meetaprofessional.C.Joinaskiingclub.【答案】11.A12.C13.A【原文】W:Hi,David.Didyouwatchtheskiingracelastweekend?M:yeah!DidyouseehowfastSarahfinishedherrun?W:Absolutely!Herturnsweresosharp,andshebarelymissedanygates.ButwhataboutMark?Healmostlosthisbalanceatthelastturn.M:True,buthemanagedtorecoverquickly.That’swhatseparatestheprofessionalsfromtherest.Bytheway,areyouplanningtojointheskiingclubthiswinter?W:I’mthinkingaboutit.Ineedtopracticemore.M:Justremembertokeepyourweightforwardandgiveityourfullattention.Maybewecanpracticetogethersometime.W:Thatsoundsgreat!Icouldusesometipsfromanexperiencedskierlikeyou.M:Anytime!Let’saimfornextweekend.W:OK!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.China’shistory. B.China’sachievements. C.China’sindustry.15.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onatrain. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inafactory.16.Whatdothespeakershaveincommon?A.They’vebothtriedChinesemedicine.B.TheybothknowChineseculturewell.C.TheybothenjoyChinesefood.17.HowmanyaspectsofmodernChinesecontributiondidthewomanmention?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.【答案】14.B15.A16.C17.B【原文】W:Chinahasmadesuchsignificantcontributionstotheworldthroughouthistory.M:Really?Likewhat?W:Well,forstarters,theChineseinventedpaperaroundtwothousandyearsago.Canyouimaginelifewithoutpaper?M:That’sincredible.Butthatwaslongago.Whataboutthepresent?W:Inmoderntimes,Chinaisaleaderintechnology.They’veproducedsomeoftheworld’smostadvancedelectronicsandusefuldevices.ThetrainwearetravelingonnowisChinese.M:That’simpressive.Whatelsehavetheycontributed?W:Chinesecuisineisanothergreatexample.WherewouldtheworldbewithoutChineserestaurants?M:Ah,yes,Chinesefoodisespeciallyrichanddelicious.ItakemyfamilyoutforChinesefoodseveraltimesamonth.W:Me,too.Andlet’snotforgettraditionalChinesemedicine,whichhasbeenpracticedforthousandsofyearsandcontinuestoinfluencehealthcareglobally.M:IneverrealizedtheextentofChina’scontributionstotheworld.W:It’strulyremarkable,fromtheancientinventionsthatshapedcivilizationtothemoderninnovationsdrivingglobalindustries.M:Absolutely.AllthosethingsshowtherichculturalheritageandtheintelligenceandwisdomoftheChinesepeople.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whydoesthesciencemuseumprovidethevideosforteenagers?A.Toadvertisenewmuseumtickets.B.Tointroducehowexhibitsaremade.C.Tomaketeenagersinterestedinspace.19.WhoisDr.LisaBrown?A.Aprojectdirector. B.Adocumentarymaker. C.Auniversityteacher.20.Whatissaidaboutdesigninginteractiveexperiments?A.Itiscomplex. B.Itisenjoyable. C.Itisexciting.【答案】18.B19.A20.A【原文】Recently,afamoussciencemuseumhaslaunchedasetofinteractivevideosforteenagers.Thevideosexplainhowscientists,illustrators,andtechnicianscooperatetobuildmuseumexhibits,lettingyoungpeopleexplorehowdinosaurmodelsareconstructed,spacecapsulesdesigned,andinteractiveexperimentsdeveloped.ThevideoswereproducedbyScienceWorks,astudiospecializingineducationaldisplaysthroughinnovativetechnology.Dr.LisaBrown,whotookchargeofaprojectatScienceWorks,recalledthatwatchingdocumentaryseriesaboutexhibitconstructioninspiredhercareerpath.Shestudiedengineeringandnowleadsexhibitdesign.Sheusedtovisitthemuseumasachild,wonderinghoweverythingwasmadesoreal.Thevideoscoverthreethemes.Thefirstthemeis“BuildingRealisticModels,”showingscenesmadefromsurfacedetailstolightingandsoundeffects.Thesecondis“DesigningInteractiveExperiments,”whereeverydetailmustbecarefullyplanned—acomplicatedtask.Thethirdis“AnimatingHistoricalFigures,”ensuringeachcharacterlooksandmovesauthentically.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AViennaCityMarathon—2026RegistrationTheViennaCityMarathonisanannualeventheldinVienna,Austriasince1984.Startingwithfewerthan800participantsin1984,itisnowAustria’slargestroadrunningeventwithover30,000participantstakingpartinthetwo-dayraces.Theeventisspreadover2daysandincludesMarathon,HalfMarathon,MarathonTeamRelay,etc.EventsMarathonHalfMarathonMarathonTeamRelayDistance42.2km21.1km42.2kmFees€135€105€220DetailsVenue:ViennaSportsWorld,MarxHalle,Karl-Farkas-Gasse19,1030ViennaDate:Apr.17&Apr.18;Timings:9am-7pm.ParentalapprovalisrequiredforparticipationinMarathon(ifapplicantisaged16&17years)andHalfMarathon(ifapplicantisaged14&15years).ImportantPoints·Changeofdistance:Runnerscanchangefrommarathontohalfmarathondistanceduringtheracewithoutpriornotice.Atthefinishlinetheywillreceiveahalfmarathonmedalandwillbelistedinthehalfmarathonresults.However,thereisnorefund(退款)oftheentryfeedifference.Onthecontrary,itisnotpossibletoswitchfromthehalfmarathontothemarathon.·Dualeventparticipation:Participantscanrunboththehalfmarathon/marathonalongwithrelaymarathonaslongastheyhaveregisteredforbotheventsandarewearingbothbibs(号码布).·Aidstations:Therewouldbestaffedrefreshmentpoints/aidstationswithwaterandsportsdrinkevery5km,from15kmonwards.Bananaswouldalsobeavailable.ContactInformationWebsite:www.vienna-marathon.comEmail:office@21.What’srequiredofa17-year-oldrunnerparticipatingintheMarathon?A.Payingadditionalfees. B.Gettingparents’permission.C.Submittingthereportcard. D.Fillinginanextraregistrationform.22.Howmuchwillateenagerpayatleastfortheevent?A.€135. B.€67.5. C.€220. D.€105.23.Whatcanaparticipantdoduringtherace?A.Weartwobibsatthesametime.B.Receivearefundforregistration.C.Changefromhalfmarathontomarathon.D.Getwaterfromastationat10kmpoint.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了维也纳城市马拉松2026年的报名事宜。21.细节理解题。根据表格下方内容“ParentalapprovalisrequiredforparticipationinMarathon(ifapplicantisaged16&17years)andHalfMarathon(ifapplicantisaged14&15years).(参加马拉松比赛（若参赛者年龄在16岁至17岁之间)以及半程马拉松比赛（若参赛者年龄在14岁至15岁之间)，均需获得家长的同意)”可知，17岁的参赛者参加马拉松需要获得父母同意，故选B。22.细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，全马€135，半马€105，接力€220，规则允许符合年龄要求的青少年参加半马，因此青少年参赛的最低费用为€105，故选D。23.细节理解题。根据ImportantPoints部分中“Participantscanrunboththehalfmarathon/marathonalongwithrelaymarathonaslongastheyhaveregisteredforbotheventsandarewearingbothbibs(号码布).(只要参赛者已报名参加两项赛事并且佩戴了两块号码布，他们就可以同时参加半程马拉松/全程马拉松以及接力马拉松比赛)”可知，同时报名两个项目的参赛者可以同时佩戴两块号码布参赛，故选A。BStudentsatFranklinMiddleSchoolnotonlygottoplaycarnival(狂欢节)gamesduringschoolhours,butalsoraisedmoneyforagoodcause.Theeighth-gradersfromPhillipWhitworth’sclassesdidthisbysellingticketsforadmissiontotheAnnualCarnivalFundraiser,wheretheypackedintotheschool’sgymnasiumandplayedahugevarietyofcarnivalgames.ThefundsraisedgotowardacharitableorganizationthatdrillswaterwellsinAfrica.“Knowledgeisuselesswithoutaction,”Phillipsaidoftheevent,whichwasstartedbyPhillipandhiswifein2019,inspiredbyabookreadintheschooldistrictcalledALongWalktoWater.ThenoveltellsthestoryofafictionalcharacternamedNya,an11-year-oldSouthSudanesegirlwhohastowalkeighthoursadaytobringhomewater,andthereal-lifeSalvaDut,whofoundedanorganizationcalledWaterforSouthSudan.Toraisemoney,theWhitworthsandPhillip’sstudentsorganizedtheschool’sfirstannualcarnivalin2019.Everyyear,thestudentschoosethegamesthatmostpeoplelikeandsellticketstotheirclassmates,andgetdonationsfrombusinessesandpersonalconnections.CamrynRobinson,aneighth-grader,foundtheexperienceofgatheringdonationsstressfulbutaddedthatithelpedimprovehercommunicationskills.“Alotofpeopledon’ttakechildrenseriouslyatfirst.Butifyoushowpeoplethatit’snotjustacarnival—it’ssomethingthat’sbiggerthanthat,theywilllisten,”Camrynsaid.Overtheyears,thestudentshaveraisedmoneytodrillthreenewwellsandrepairanotherthreeinSouthSudan.Thisyear,thestudentssoldalittleover700ticketsfor$5each,sotheyraisedaround$3,500.Butwhenfactoringinbusinessandpersonaldonations,thestudentshaveraisedmorethan$10,000,withdonationsstillcomingin.“Wemightnotbeabletosolvethewholeproblem,butwecanabsolutelymakeadifferenceforsomepeople,”Phillipsaid.24.WhatroledidALongWalktoWaterplayinthefundraisingcampaign?A.ItinspiredSalvaDuttojointhemission. B.Ittaughtstudentstoorganizeacarnival.C.Itledtothestartofthecharitablecause. D.Itmotivatedbusinessestodonatemoney.25.WhatdoPhillip’sstudentsdofortheannualcarnival?A.Theydrillwellsinperson. B.Theyorganizesomegames.C.Theyworkatdifferentcompanies. D.Theycollectticketsfromcinemas.26.WhatdidCamrynRobinsonsayaboutgatheringdonations?A.Itwasveryrewarding. B.Itwasunchallenging.C.Kidsshouldn’tgetinvolved. D.Mostpeopleinitiallysupportedit.27.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Phillip’sobjectivecomments. B.DramaticchangesinSouthSudan.C.Theoutcomeofthestudents’efforts. D.Donationsfromallovertheworld.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。美国Franklin中学的学生在老师PhillipWhitworth的带领下，将阅读启发转化为慈善行动，通过举办校园狂欢节为非洲打井筹款，展现了教育与社会责任的结合。24.细节理解题。根据第二段““Knowledgeisuselesswithoutaction,”Phillipsaidoftheevent,whichwasstartedbyPhillipandhiswifein2019,inspiredbyabookreadintheschooldistrictcalledALongWalktoWater.(菲利普谈到这次活动时说：“知识若不付诸行动便毫无意义。”这次活动是菲利普和他的妻子在2019年发起的，其灵感来源于他们在学区阅读的一本名为《漫漫取水路》的书)”可知，这本书促成了这项慈善事业的开启。故选C。25.细节理解题。根据第三段“Toraisemoney,theWhitworthsandPhillip’sstudentsorganizedtheschool’sfirstannualcarnivalin2019.Everyyear,thestudentschoosethegamesthatmostpeoplelikeandsellticketstotheirclassmates,andgetdonationsfrombusinessesandpersonalconnections.(为了筹集资金，惠特沃斯夫妇和菲利普的学生们在2019年组织了学校首届年度狂欢节。每年，学生们都会挑选最受欢迎的游戏，并向同学们出售门票，同时还会从企业以及个人关系中获得捐款)”可知，Phillip的学生会为狂欢节组织和安排一些游戏。故选B。26.推理判断题。根据第四段“CamrynRobinson,aneighth-grader,foundtheexperienceofgatheringdonationsstressfulbutaddedthatithelpedimprovehercommunicationskills.(卡姆里恩·罗宾逊是一名八年级学生，她认为收集捐赠物资的过程让她感到有些压力，但同时她也表示这有助于提升自己的沟通能力)”可知，CamrynRobinson认为募集捐款很有益。故选A。27.段落大意题。根据第五段“Overtheyears,thestudentshaveraisedmoneytodrillthreenewwellsandrepairanotherthreeinSouthSudan.Thisyear,thestudentssoldalittleover700ticketsfor$5each,sotheyraisedaround$3,500.Butwhenfactoringinbusinessandpersonaldonations,thestudentshaveraisedmorethan$10,000,withdonationsstillcomingin.(多年来，学生们筹集资金在南苏丹新打了三口井，并修复了另外三口井。今年，学生们售出了略多于700张票，每张票售价5美元，共筹集了约3500美元。但若将商业捐赠和个人捐赠一并计算，学生们总共筹集了超过10000美元，而且仍有捐赠源源不断到来)”可知，本段主要介绍的是学生们努力的结果。故选C。CAsurprisinganalysisof15studiesrevealsthatpatientsperceivemorewarmthinAI-generatedmedicalresponsesthaninthosefromhumandoctors.Thelargeststudyexamined2,164patientinteractions,withsimilarpatternsemergingacrosssmallerdatasets.Theresults,publishedintheBritishMedicalBulletin,challengelong-heldassumptionsabouthumanconnectioninmedicineandruncountertoa2019UKgovernmentreportthatcalledempathyan“essentialhumanskillthatAIcannotreplicate(复制).”ChatGPTandsimilarAIchatbotsscoredroughly2pointshigherthanhumanhealthcareprofessionals(HCPs)on10-pointempathyscaleswhenrespondingtopatientquestionsviatext.AIhada73%probabilityofbeingratedasmoreempathicthanhumanpractitionersinhead-to-headcomparisons.“Intext-onlyscenarios,AIchatbotsarefrequentlyperceivedasmoreempathicthanhumanHCPs,”studyauthorswrote.Themeta-analysisfromtheUniversitiesofNottinghamandLeicesterpooleddatafrom13ofthe15studiescomparingAIchatbotstodoctors,nurses,andotherhealthcareworkers.StudiesdrawingfromReddithealthforumsandpatientportalsshowedsimilartrends.Questionsrangedfrominterpretingbloodtestresultstomanagingchronicconditionstounderstandingcancertreatmentoptions.Acrossthisvariety,AIresponsesweremorelikelytoberatedaswarm,understanding,andconsiderateofpatientconcerns.Thestudiescouldn’tdeterminewhetherAI’sperceivedempathyadvantagetranslatestobetterhealthoutcomes.Whileempathiccommunicationhasbeenlinkedtoreducedpatientpainandanxiety,improvedmedicationadherence,andhighersatisfactionwithcare,thesestudiesmeasuredperceptionratherthanclinicalimpact.ThefindingssuggestthatempatheticAIcanprovidevaluablesupportinhealthcarefields,therebyenhancingtherolesthesetechnologiescanplayinoureverydaylives.Whiletheresultswerestrong,thisstudyrepresentsabroadperspectiveanddoesnotaccountfordifferencesinsocio-culturalbackgroundsamongparticipants.Culturaldifferencescangreatlyinfluencehowempathyisperceivedandassessed.FutureworkcouldlookcloselyathowpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsviewempatheticresponsesinbothhumansandAItoenhanceunderstandinginthisarea.28.Whatisthemainfindingoftheanalysis?A.EmpathyisauniquehumanskillbeyondAI’sreach.B.PatientsfindAI’smedicalrepliesmoresympathetic.C.AIprovidesmoreeffectivetreatmentplansthanhumans.D.AIshowsgreatercompetenceinroutinepatientinquiries.29.What’stheprimarypurposeofparagraph2?A.Topresentresearchevidence. B.Toexplainunderlyingcauses.C.Topredictfuturedevelopments. D.Todescriberelevantbackground.30.Whatcanbeimpliedfromparagraph3?A.AI’sempathyisirrelevanttopatientsatisfaction.B.AI’sempathymaynotimproveactualclinicaloutcomes.C.AI’sassistanceiswidelyappliedacrossdifferentpatientgroups.D.AI’sempathycandirectlyleadtobetterhealthconditionsofpatients.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthestudies?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Critical. D.Objective.【答案】28.B29.A30.B31.D【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。研究发现患者认为AI医疗回复比医生更有同理心，并给出相关数据。但未证实其能提升疗效，且研究未考虑社会文化差异，态度客观。28.细节理解题。根据第一段“Asurprisinganalysisof15studiesrevealsthatpatientsperceivemorewarmthinAI-generatedmedicalresponsesthaninthosefromhumandoctors.(对15项研究的意外分析表明，患者在面对由人工智能生成的医疗回复时，感受到的温暖程度要高于从人类医生那里得到的回复)”可知，该分析的主要发现是患者认为人工智能给出的医疗回复更具同情心。故选B。29.推理判断题。根据第二段“ChatGPTandsimilarAIchatbotsscoredroughly2pointshigherthanhumanhealthcareprofessionals(HCPs)on10-pointempathyscaleswhenrespondingtopatientquestionsviatext.AIhada73%probabilityofbeingratedasmoreempathicthanhumanpractitionersinhead-to-headcomparisons.“Intext-onlyscenarios,AIchatbotsarefrequentlyperceivedasmoreempathicthanhumanHCPs,”studyauthorswrote.Themeta-analysisfromtheUniversitiesofNottinghamandLeicesterpooleddatafrom13ofthe15studiescomparingAIchatbotstodoctors,nurses,andotherhealthcareworkers.(在通过文字回答患者问题时，ChatGPT和类似的AI聊天机器人在10分制的同理心评估量表上的得分比人类医疗专业人员（HCP)高出约2分。在一对一的对比测试中，AI被认为比人类从业者更具同理心的概率为73%。研究作者写道：“在纯文字情境下，AI聊天机器人通常被认为比人类医疗专业人员更具同理心。”诺丁汉大学和莱斯特大学的这项荟萃分析汇集了15项研究中13项将AI聊天机器人与医生、护士和其他医疗工作者进行比较的数据)”可知，第二段的主要目的是展示研究证据。故选A。30.推理判断题。根据第三段“Thestudiescouldn’tdeterminewhetherAI’sperceivedempathyadvantagetranslatestobetterhealthoutcomes.(这些研究无法确定人工智能所具有的“同理心”优势是否能转化为更良好的健康结果)”可知，人工智能的同理心可能不会改善实际的临床效果。故选B。31.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whiletheresultswerestrong,thisstudyrepresentsabroadperspectiveanddoesnotaccountfordifferencesinsocio-culturalbackgroundsamongparticipants.Culturaldifferencescangreatlyinfluencehowempathyisperceivedandassessed.(虽然研究结果十分显著，但这项研究视角较为宽泛，并未考虑到参与者之间在社会文化背景方面的差异。文化差异会对同理心的感知和评估产生重大影响)”可知，作者对这些研究持客观态度。故选D。DFacialexpressionsarecentraltosociallife,yetscientistsstilldon’tfullyunderstandhowthebrainproducesthem.Fordecades,oneinfluentialtheoryhasheldthatwhatappearsonyourfaceislargelyanemotionalreflex—anhonest,automaticreadoutofwhatyoufeelinside.Butthatviewstrugglestoexplainthefactthatweoftentailorourexpressionstothemoment.Tofindoutwhat’sgoingoninthebrainduringfacialexpressions,researchersturnedtomonkeys.Theyrecordedneural(神经的)activitywhiletheanimalsinteractedwithoneanotherinthelab.Theteam’sresultspublishedinSciencecameasasurprise:themonkeys’expressions,fromathreateningfacetoafriendly“lip-smacking”,weregeneratedbyboththemedialcortex(内侧皮层)andlateralcortex(外侧皮层).Thesetwobrainregionswerelongthoughttooperateindependently,butthestudyshowedthatbothofthemparticipatedintheproductionofallkindsoffacialexpressions.Thetworegionsdid,however,runatdifferentspeeds.Activityinthelateralcortexreorientedquickly,tocoordinatetherapidfacialmovementsthatmakeforsmoothsocialinteraction.Bycontrast,thingshappenatamoreleisurelypaceinthemedialcortex,perhapsallowingittotrackslow-changingcontextualfactorsthatinfluencefacialexpressions.What’smore,bothneuralpatternsshowupbeforefacialmovementsdo,suggestingthebrainpreparesexpressionsinadvance.Thisallraisesaquestion:Domonkeysintentionallyplanthefacestheymake?That’stheinterpretationevolutionarypsychologistsexploreinthenewstudy.Iffacialexpressionsarepartlyvoluntary,theymaybelesslikeemotionalmirrorsandmorelike“toolsforsocialinfluence”,astheresearchersputit.Attheveryleast,theyseemtoarisefromcomplexinteractionsbetweenemotionandcognition.AlanFridlund,asocialandevolutionarypsychologistwhowasnotinvolvedinthisstudy,hasnotroublebelievingmonkeysholdtheirfacesstrategically.Buthedoubtsthatstaged,lab-boundinteractionscancapturethefullrealityofmonkeys’communications,ortheneuralactivityunderlyingit;ideally,futureresearchwouldtakeplaceinthemonkeys’naturalenvironment.Still,Fridlundsays,thenewstudy“tellsusininfinitelymoredetailhowwecaninvestigatetheneurologyoffacialdisplays.”32.Whatdoesthestudyrevealaboutthemedialcortexandlateralcortex?A.Theyrecordneuralactivities.B.Theyperformdifferentfunctions.C.Theycooperatetocreateexpressions.D.Theystimulatetheconveyanceofemotions.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reoriented”inParagraph3mean?A.Shifted. B.Decreased. C.Appeared. D.Expanded.34.WhatisAlanFridlund’ssuggestionforfutureresearch?A.Collectingspecificdata.B.Experimentinginnature.C.Detailingtheobservations.D.Expandingresearchsubjects.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Whatmatterstosocialization?B.DecodethesignalsofemotionsC.FacialexpressionsmirroremotionsD.Arefacialdisplaysmadeintentionally?【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.D【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍一项发表在《Science》上的研究，探讨了面部表情的神经机制，挑战了“表情=情绪自动反射”的传统观点，提出了表情可能是认知与情绪交互作用、具有社交目的性的新视角。32.细节理解题。根据第二段“Theteam’sresultspublishedinSciencecameasasurprise:themonkeys’expressions,fromathreateningfacetoafriendly“lip-smacking”,weregeneratedbyboththemedialcortex(内侧皮层)andlateralcortex(外侧皮层).Thesetwobrainregionswerelongthoughttooperateindependently,butthestudyshowedthatbothofthemparticipatedintheproductionofallkindsoffacialexpressions.(该团队发表在《科学》杂志上的研究结果令人惊讶：猴子从威胁性的表情到友好的“咂嘴”等各种表情，都是由内侧皮层和外侧皮层共同产生的。长久以来，人们一直认为这两个大脑区域独立运作，但这项研究表明，它们都参与了各种面部表情的产生。)”可知，这项研究揭示了内侧皮层和外侧皮层协同作用以形成表情。故选C。33.词义猜测题。根据第三段“Activityinthelateralcortexreoriented quickly,tocoordinatetherapidfacialmovementsthatmakeforsmoothsocialinteraction(外侧皮层的活动能快速reoriented，以协调那些有助于实现流畅社交互动的快速面部动作)”可知，外侧皮层的活动迅速调整，以协调快速面部动作，从而实现顺畅的社交互动，reoriented的意思是“调整”，和shifted意思相近。故选A。34.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Buthedoubtsthatstaged,lab-boundinteractionscancapturethefullrealityofmonkeys’communications,ortheneuralactivityunderlyingit;ideally,futureresearchwouldtakeplaceinthemonkeys’naturalenvironment.(不过，他怀疑在实验室这种人为安排的互动场景中，能否捕捉到猴子交流及其背后神经活动的全部真相；理想情况下，未来的研究应在猴子的自然环境中进行。)”可知，艾伦·弗里德伦德对于未来的研究的建议是在自然环境中进行实验。故选B。35.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“Thisallraisesaquestion:Domonkeysintentionallyplanthefacestheymake?That’stheinterpretationevolutionarypsychologistsexploreinthenewstudy.Iffacialexpressionsarepartlyvoluntary,theymaybelesslikeemotionalmirrorsandmorelike“toolsforsocialinfluence”,astheresearchersputit.Attheveryleast,theyseemtoarisefromcomplexinteractionsbetweenemotionandcognition.(这一切引发了一个问题：猴子会有意规划自己的面部表情吗？这是进化心理学家在这项新研究中探讨的一种解释。如果面部表情在一定程度上是自愿做出的，那么它们可能就不太像是情绪的镜子，而更像是“社交影响的工具”，正如研究人员所说的那样。至少，面部表情似乎是由情绪和认知之间的复杂相互作用产生的。)”可知，本文主要介绍这项发表在《Science》上的研究，探讨了面部表情的神经机制，挑战了“表情=情绪自动反射”的传统观点，提出了表情可能是认知与情绪交互作用、具有社交目的性的新视角，因此最恰当的标题是D选项“Arefacialdisplaysmadeintentionally?(面部表情是刻意做出的吗？)”。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Severefloodsarebecomingmoreandmorecommonaroundtheworld.___36___,butcouldthewaythatcitiesaregrowingbemakingthingsworse?Couldwedesigncitiesinadifferentwaytoreducetheriskofflooding?Ascitiesexpandandmoreandmorelandisunderneathconcrete,lesswaterisabsorbedandmoreneedstobechannelledawaybystormdrainsandsewage(污水)systems.Astheybecomeoverwhelmedbythevolumeofwater,theriskofflashfloodingincreases.___37___?ChineselandscapearchitectYuKongjiancertainlythinksso.In2013,heproposedtheconceptof‘sponge(海绵)cities’,whicharedesignedtoabsorbwaterl