英语四级的试题分值

英语四级的试题分值

PartIWriting(30minutes)(15%)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonthetopicTheImpactofArtificialIntelligenceonEmployment.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.WriteyouressayontheAnswerSheet.---PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)(35%)SectionA(5%)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredthewaywecommunicate.Socialmediaplatforms,inparticular,havebecomean(1)______partofdailylifeforbillionsofpeople.Theyofferunprecedentedopportunitiesforconnection,allowingindividualstomaintainrelationshipsacrossvastdistancesand(2)______withlike-mindedcommunities.However,thisconstantconnectivitycomeswithsignificantdrawbacks.Studiessuggestthatexcessiveuseofsocialmediacanleadtoincreasedfeelingsofloneliness,anxiety,andevendepression.Thecurated,oftenidealizedlivespresentedonlinecancreateasenseofsocial(3)______,whereuserscomparetheirownrealitiesunfavorablytothehighlightsofothers.Furthermore,the(4)______natureofonlineinteractioncansometimeserodethedepthandqualityofface-to-facecommunication.The(5)______ofmisinformationand"echochambers"thatreinforceexistingbeliefsarealsogrowingconcerns.Therefore,whileembracingthebenefitsofthesetools,itiscrucialforuserstocultivatedigitalliteracyandmindfulusagehabitsto(6)______theirpotentialnegativeeffects.A)mitigateB)integralC)proliferationD)engageE)superficialF)contrastG)isolationH)accessI)essentialJ)phenomenonSectionB(10%)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbytenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.[A]Theconceptofa"sharingeconomy"hasgainedimmensepopularityoverthepastdecade,fundamentallychanginghowpeopleaccessgoodsandservices.PlatformslikeAirbnbandUberallowindividualstorentouttheirsparerooms,cars,orskillsdirectlytoothers,oftenatalowercostthantraditionalbusinesses.Thismodelispraisedforpromotingefficientuseofresources,providingflexibleincomeopportunities,andfosteringasenseofcommunitythroughpeer-to-peerinteractions.[B]However,criticsarguethatthesharingeconomybringswithitahostofregulatoryandsocialchallenges.Onemajorissueisthelackofaclearlegalframework.Traditionalhotelsandtaxiservicesaresubjecttostrictregulationsconcerningsafety,insurance,andtaxes.Manysharingeconomyplatformsoperateinagrayarea,oftenclassifyingtheirworkersasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees.Thisclassificationcandepriveworkersofbenefitslikehealthinsurance,paidleave,andminimumwageguarantees.[C]Anothersignificantconcernistheimpactonlocalhousingmarkets.Inpopulartouristcities,theconversionofresidentialapartmentsintoshort-termrentalscanreducetheavailabilityoflong-termhousingforresidents,drivinguprentsandcontributingtohousingshortages.Thishasledtotensionsbetweenlocals,tourists,andplatformoperators,promptingsomecitiestoimposerestrictionsonshort-termrentals.[D]Furthermore,questionsaboutsafetyandaccountabilitypersist.Whileplatformstypicallyhaveratingsystems,theresponsibilityforbackgroundchecksandensuringsafetystandardscanbeambiguous.Incidentsinvolvingpropertydamageorpersonalsafetyhaveraiseddoubtsaboutwhethertheseplatformsdoenoughtoprotectbothprovidersandconsumers.[E]Despitethesechallenges,thesharingeconomycontinuestogrowandevolve.Itssuccesshighlightsashiftinconsumerpreferencestowardsaccessoverownershipandpersonalizedexperiencesoverstandardizedservices.Thefutureofthiseconomicmodelwilllikelydependonfindingabalancebetweeninnovationandthedevelopmentofappropriateregulationsthatprotectpublicinterestswithoutstiflingthebenefitsofsharing.1.Thesharingeconomymodelisappreciatedformakingbetteruseofexistingresources.2.Somecitieshavetakenmeasurestolimitshort-termrentalsduetotheirnegativeeffects.3.Theclassificationofworkersonsharingplatformscanresultinalackoftraditionalemploymentbenefits.4.Thepreferenceforaccessingratherthanowninggoodsisatrendreflectedinthesharingeconomy.5.Safetyincidentshavecausedpeopletoquestiontheprotectivemeasuresofsharingplatforms.6.Peer-to-peerinteractionsinthesharingeconomyarebelievedtohelpbuildcommunity.7.Regulatoryuncertaintyisaprimarychallengefacingthesharingeconomy.8.Thetransformationofhomesintotouristaccommodationscanmakeitharderforlocalstofindaffordablehousing.9.Thelong-termdevelopmentofthesharingeconomyrequiresacompromisebetweennewideasandrules.10.Traditionalserviceindustriesareboundbyspecificsafetyandtaxlaws.SectionC(20%)Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Climatechangeisnolongeradistantthreatbutapresentreality,withitseffectsbeingfeltacrosstheglobe.Oneofthemostvisibleandeconomicallysignificantimpactsisonagriculture.Changesintemperatureandprecipitationpatterns,alongwithanincreaseinthefrequencyandintensityofextremeweathereventslikedroughtsandfloods,aredisruptinggrowingseasonsandreducingcropyields.Forcenturies,farmershaveadaptedtogradualenvironmentalshifts,butthecurrentpaceofchangeisunprecedented.Staplecropssuchaswheat,rice,andcornarehighlysensitivetotemperaturevariationsduringkeygrowthstages.Evenaslightincreasecanleadtoasubstantialdropinproduction.Moreover,alteredrainfallpatternscancausewaterscarcityinsomeregionsandwaterlogginginothers,bothdetrimentaltocrops.Theimplicationsextendfarbeyondthefarm.Reducedagriculturaloutputcontributestofoodpricevolatilityandthreatensglobalfoodsecurity,particularlyindevelopingcountriesthataremostvulnerabletoclimateshocks.Thiscreatesaviciouscycle:foodinsecuritycanleadtosocialunrestandmigration,whichinturnstrainsresourcesandstabilityinotherregions.Addressingthischallengerequiresamulti-facetedapproach.Investinginclimate-resilientcropvarieties,improvingwatermanagementinfrastructure,andadoptingsustainablefarmingpracticesarecrucialsteps.Additionally,reducinggreenhousegasemissionsremainsthefundamentallong-termsolutiontomitigatetherootcauseoftheproblem.Thefutureoffoodsecurityisinextricablylinkedtoourcollectiveactiononclimatechange.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Thehistoryofagriculturaladaptationtoenvironmentalchanges.B)Theeconomicbenefitsofdevelopingclimate-resilientcrops.C)Theimpactofclimatechangeonagricultureandfoodsecurity.D)Thecomparisonofclimatechangeeffectsbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountries.2.Accordingtothepassage,whyisthecurrentsituationparticularlychallengingforfarmers?A)Becausetheylackmodernfarmingtechnology.B)Becausetheenvironmentalchangesarehappeningtoofast.C)Becauseglobalfoodpricesareconstantlyfalling.D)Becausethereisnotenoughinternationalaid.3.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstaplecropslikewheatandrice?A)Theyareimmunetominortemperaturechanges.B)Theiryieldscanbeseverelyaffectedbysmalltemperaturerises.C)Theyrequiremorewaterthanothercrops.D)Theyareonlygrownindevelopedcountries.4.The"viciouscycle"mentionedinparagraph3referstothechainreactionstartingfrom______.A)socialunrestleadingtoreducedfarmingB)climatechangeleadingtofoodinsecurityandfurtherproblemsC)migrationimprovingagriculturaltechniquesD)foodpricevolatilityincreasingcropyields5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanecessarymeasuretotacklethechallenge?A)Developingcropsthatcanwithstandclimatevariations.B)Buildingbettersystemsforwatermanagement.C)Providingdirectfinancialsubsidiestoallfarmers.D)Cuttingdowntheemissionsthatcauseclimatechange.PassageTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thehumanbrain'scapacityforneuroplasticity—theabilitytoreorganizeitselfbyformingnewneuralconnectionsthroughoutlife—hasrevolutionizedourunderstandingoflearningandrecovery.Foralongtime,itwasbelievedthatthebrain'sstructurewasrelativelyfixedafterchildhood.Modernneuroscience,however,showsthatthebrainremainsmalleablewellintoadulthood.Thisplasticityisthefoundationoflearningnewskills,whetherit'smasteringamusicalinstrument,learningaforeignlanguage,ornavigatinganewcity.Eachtimewepractice,specificneuralpathwaysarestrengthened."Neuronsthatfiretogether,wiretogether,"asthesayinggoes.Conversely,pathwaysthatareseldomusedcanweaken,whichexplainswhyskillscanfadewithoutpractice.Neuroplasticityalsooffershopeforrecoveryfrombraininjuries,suchasthosecausedbystrokes.Throughtargetedtherapyandrepetitiveexercises,undamagedpartsofthebraincansometimestakeoverfunctionslostduetoinjury,aprocessknownasfunctionalreorganization.Thisprincipleisalsoappliedintreatingcertainmentalhealthconditions,wheretherapieslikecognitivebehavioraltherapyaimtoreshapemaladaptivethoughtpatterns.However,neuroplasticityisadouble-edgedsword.Thebrain'sadaptabilitymeansitisalsoshapedbynegativeexperiences.Chronicstress,anxiety,oraddictioncanreinforceharmfulneuralcircuits,makingtheseconditionsmoreentrenched.Therefore,understandingplasticityunderscorestheimportanceofcultivatinghealthyhabitsandenvironments,notjustforlearningbutforoverallbrainhealth.6.Whatisthecentraltopicofthepassage?A)Thedifferencesbetweenchildandadultbrains.B)Theprocessofrecoveringfromastroke.C)Theconceptandimplicationsofbrainneuroplasticity.D)Themethodsforlearningnewskillseffectively.7.Theoldscientificbeliefmentionedinthepassagewasthatthebrain______.A)wasconstantlychangingB)couldeasilyrecoverfrominjuriesC)becamemostlyfixedafterearlylifeD)wasincapableoflearninglanguagesinadulthood8.Thephrase"Neuronsthatfiretogether,wiretogether"isusedtoillustratehow______.A)braininjuriescancausepermanentdamageB)practicestrengthensspecificneuralconnectionsC)stressaffectsbrainfunctionnegativelyD)thebrainisdividedintospecializedregions9.Howdoesneuroplasticitybenefitstrokepatientsaccordingtothepassage?A)Itpreventsstrokesfromhappening.B)Itallowsotherbrainareastocompensateforlostfunctions.C)Itmakesthebrainimmunetofutureinjuries.D)Iteliminatestheneedforphysicaltherapy.10.Whyisneuroplasticitydescribedasa"double-edgedsword"?A)Becauseitisonlybeneficialforchildren.B)Becauseitmakesthebrainmorevulnerabletodiseases.C)Becauseitcanreinforcebothpositiveandnegativepatterns.D)Becauseitslowsdownthenaturalagingprocessofthebrain.---PartIIITranslation(30minutes)(15%)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateaparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的传统艺术，被誉为“无言的诗，无行的舞”。它不仅是书写文字的工具，更是一种表达情感和个性的方式。书法家通过毛笔、墨、纸和砚台，创造出千变万化的线条和结构。练习书法需要极大的耐心和专注，有助于修身养性。如今，尽管数字技术日益普及，书法仍然深受人们喜爱，被视为中华文化的重要象征。---PartIV(Optional-Notincludedinthispaper)Note:TheoriginalCET-4includesaListeningComprehensionsection.Asperyourrequest,ithasbeenomitted.Theremainingsectionsmaintaintheproportionalscoringbasedontheoriginal100-pointscale,redistributedtoWriting(15%),Reading(35%),andTranslation(15%).Thetotalscoreforthispaperis65points,whichwouldbescaledtoa710-pointscoreintheofficialtest.---AnswerKeyPartIWriting(Amodelessayisprovidedforreference.)TherapidadvancementofArtificialIntelligence(AI)isprofoundlyreshapingtheemploymentlandscapeglobally.Whileitundoubtedlycreatesnewopportunitiesintech-drivenfieldslikedataanalysisandmachinelearningmaintenance,itsimultaneouslyposesasignificantthreattojobsinvolvingroutineandrepetitivetasks.Rolesinmanufacturing,customerservice,andevensomeaspectsofprofessionalservicesareincreasinglysusceptibletoautomation.However,viewingAImerelyasajobdestroyerissimplistic.Historyshowsthattechnologicalrevolutions,whiledisplacingcertainjobs,ultimatelygeneratenewones.Thekeyliesinadaptationandreskilling.