四级英语四级考试题

四级英语四级考试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonthetopicTheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinkingSkills.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)isreshapingthejobmarket.Whilesomefearwidespreadjob__1__,manyexpertsarguethatAIwillprimarilytransformjobsratherthaneliminatethementirely.Thekeyforworkersistoadaptbyacquiringnewskills.Jobsthatinvolveroutine,__2__tasksaremostsusceptibletoautomation.Conversely,rolesrequiringcreativity,complexproblem-solving,andemotionalintelligenceareconsideredmore__3__.Therefore,continuouslearningandupskillinghavebecome__4__.Educationalinstitutionsandcompaniesareincreasinglyemphasizing"softskills"likecommunicationandcollaboration,whichmachinescannoteasily__5__.Furthermore,AIitselfiscreatingnewcareer__6__infieldslikedatascienceandmachinelearningengineering.Thefutureofworkwilllikelybea__7__betweenhumansandmachines,whereAIhandlesdata-heavy__8__andhumansfocusonstrategicdecision-makingandinterpersonalinteractions.Tothriveinthis__9__landscape,individualsmustcultivateagrowthmindsetandbe__10__tolifelonglearning.A)replaceB)opportunitiesC)essentialD)lossE)replicateF)partnershipG)evolvingH)manualI)vulnerableJ)resilientK)analysisL)committedM)secureN)repetitiveO)distributionSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOne_Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage._Urbangreenspaces,suchasparksandcommunitygardens,areincreasinglyrecognizedfortheirmultifacetedbenefitstocitydwellers.Beyondtheirobviousaestheticandrecreationalvalue,theseareascontributesignificantlytopublichealth,environmentalsustainability,andsocialcohesion.Researchconsistentlyshowsthataccesstogreenspacesreducesstress,encouragesphysicalactivity,andimprovesmentalwell-being.AstudypublishedintheJournalofEnvironmentalPsychologyfoundthatevenbriefexposuretonaturalsettingscanenhancecognitivefunctionandmood.Fromanenvironmentalperspective,urbangreenerymitigatesthe"heatisland"effect,improvesairqualitybyfilteringpollutants,andsupportsbiodiversitybyprovidinghabitatsforvariousspecies.Perhapslessimmediatelyapparentarethesocialbenefits.Parksserveascommunalhubswherepeoplefromdiversebackgroundscaninteract,fosteringasenseofcommunityandbelonging.Theyprovideneutralgroundforsocialactivities,fromcasualgatheringstoorganizedevents,whichcanstrengthenneighborhoodtiesandreducefeelingsofisolation.Despitetheseadvantages,thedistributionofgreenspacesinmanycitiesisoftenuneven,withwealthierneighborhoodstypicallyhavingbetteraccess.Thisinequityraisesimportantquestionsabouturbanplanningandsocialjustice,highlightingtheneedforpoliciesthatensureallcitizenscanenjoythebenefitsofnature.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Thedesignprinciplesofurbanparks.B)Theeconomicvalueofcommunitygardens.C)Thevariousbenefitsofurbangreenspaces.D)Thehistoryofpublicparksincities.12.Accordingtothepassage,howdogreenspacesbenefitmentalwell-being?A)Byprovidingjobopportunitiesingardening.B)Byreducingstressandimprovingmood.C)Byincreasingpropertyvaluesinthearea.D)Byofferingspacesforcommercialevents.13.Whatenvironmentalproblemdourbangreenspaceshelptoalleviate?A)Waterpollution.B)Deforestation.C)The"heatisland"effect.D)Noisepollution.14.Whatsocialroledoparksplayaccordingtotheauthor?A)Theyareprimarilyforchildren'splaygrounds.B)Theyserveascommercialcenters.C)Theyactascommunalhubsfosteringinteraction.D)Theyaremainlyusedforpoliticalrallies.15.Whatissuedoesthepassagementionregardingthedistributionofgreenspaces?A)Theirmaintenancecostsaretoohigh.B)Theyareoftenunevenlydistributed,favoringwealthierareas.C)Theytakeuptoomuchspaceneededforhousing.D)Theirdesignsarenotattractivetoyoungpeople.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageTwo_Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage._Theconceptofa"sharingeconomy"hasgainedtremendoustractionoverthepastdecade,fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectindividualswhohaveunderutilizedassetswiththosewhoneedthem.CompanieslikeAirbnbandUberareclassicexamples,allowingpeopletorentoutspareroomsorofferridesintheirpersonalvehicles.Proponentsarguethatthismodelpromotesefficiencybymakingbetteruseofexistingresources,providesflexibleincomeopportunities,andoftenoffersconsumersmorechoicesandlowerpricescomparedtotraditionalservices.Itempowersindividualstobecomemicro-entrepreneurs.However,thesharingeconomyisnotwithoutcontroversy.Criticspointtoseveraldownsides.First,itcandisruptestablishedindustriesandlabormarkets,sometimesbypassingregulationsandworkerprotectionsthatapplytoconventionalbusinesses.Forinstance,taxidriversmayfaceunfaircompetitionfromride-sharingserviceswhosedriversarenotsubjecttothesamelicensingfeesorinsurancerequirements.Second,thereareconcernsaboutsafety,qualitycontrol,andaccountability.Thedecentralizednatureoftheseplatformscanmakeitchallengingtoensureconsistentstandards.Third,insomecases,whatiscalled"sharing"effectivelybecomesacommercialtransaction,potentiallyexacerbatingissueslikehousingshortagesinpopulartouristdestinationsaspropertiesareconvertedintofull-timeshort-termrentals.Thefutureofthesharingeconomylikelyinvolvesapushforgreaterbalance—findingwaystoharnessitsinnovativepotentialwhileimplementingsensibleregulationstoaddressitssocialandeconomicimpacts.16.Whatistheprimarydriverbehindtheriseofthesharingeconomy?A)Governmentsubsidies.B)Digitalconnectingplatforms.C)Adecreaseinpersonalownership.D)Environmentalregulations.17.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasanadvantageofthesharingeconomy?A)Itguaranteesfull-timeemploymentforallparticipants.B)Itprovidesmorechoicesandpotentiallylowerpricesforconsumers.C)Itcompletelyeliminatestheneedfortraditionalbusinesses.D)Itensureshigherwagesthanconventionaljobs.18.Whatisamajorcriticismdirectedatride-sharingserviceslikeUber?A)Theyuseelectricvehiclesexclusively.B)Theycreateunfaircompetitionfortaxidrivers.C)Theyaremoreexpensivethantaxis.D)Theydonotusedigitalmaps.19.Whatproblemcanarisefromshort-termrentalplatformslikeAirbnbintouristareas?A)Theyleadtoimprovedhotelservices.B)Theycanworsenlocalhousingshortages.C)Theyreducetouristnumberssignificantly.D)Theylowerthequalityoflocalrestaurants.20.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofthesharingeconomy?A)Itwillsoondisappearduetoregulation.B)Itwillmergeentirelywithtraditionalindustries.C)Itneedstobalanceinnovationwithsensibleregulation.D)Itwillbereplacedbyaneweconomicmodel.PassageThree_Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage._Forcenturies,thehistoryofsciencewasoftenpresentedasaseriesofbrilliantdiscoveriesbylonegeniuses—thinkNewtonundertheappletree.However,modernhistoriansofscienceincreasinglyemphasizethecollaborativeandcumulativenatureofscientificprogress.Breakthroughsrarelyoccurinisolation;theyarebuiltuponafoundationofpriorknowledge,oftenthroughthecombinedeffortsofmanyresearchers.ThedevelopmentoftheCOVID-19vaccinesisapotentcontemporaryexample.TheincrediblyrapidcreationofeffectivevaccineswaspossibleonlybecauseofdecadesofpriorresearchonmessengerRNA(mRNA)technology,coronaviruses,andvaccinedesign.Thisexistingknowledgeformedaplatformuponwhichscientistsworldwidecouldbuild.Furthermore,theeffortwashighlycollaborative,involvingunprecedenteddatasharingandcooperationamonguniversities,pharmaceuticalcompanies,andgovernmentsacrosstheglobe.Thisperspectivedoesnotdiminishtheroleofindividualcreativityanddedicationbutplacesitwithinanecessarycontext.Scienceisasocialenterprise.Itreliesoncommunication—throughpublishedpapers,conferences,andpeerreview—tovalidatefindingsandintegratethemintothebroaderbodyofknowledge.Funding,institutionalsupport,andevensocietalprioritiesalsoshapethedirectionandpaceofscientificadvancement.Recognizingthisinterconnectednessiscrucialforsciencepolicyandpublicunderstanding.Itarguesforsustainedinvestmentinbasicresearch,openchannelsofinternationalcooperation,andeducationsystemsthatteachbothscientificfactsandthenatureofthescientificprocessitself.21.Howhasthetraditionalviewofscientifichistorybeencharacterized?A)Asaslowandbureaucraticprocess.B)Asaseriesofaccidents.C)Asachievementsoflonegeniuses.D)Asprimarilydrivenbymilitaryneeds.22.WhatdoestheauthorciteasakeyfactorintherapiddevelopmentofCOVID-19vaccines?A)Thecompletelackofpriorresearch.B)Decadesofaccumulatedpriorresearch.C)Theworkofasingleleadingscientist.D)Publicpressureonpharmaceuticalcompanies.23.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheroleofindividualscientistsinmodernscience?A)Theirroleislessimportantthaninthepast.B)Theircreativityisstillvitalbutoperateswithinacollaborativeframework.C)Theyworkbestincompleteisolation.D)Theyareprimarilyresponsibleforsecuringfunding.24.Whatdoestheauthormeanbystating"Scienceisasocialenterprise"?A)Scientistsshouldbemoreactiveonsocialmedia.B)Scientificworkdependsoncommunicationandcollaborationwithinacommunity.C)Scienceismainlyaboutsolvingsocialproblems.D)Scientificdiscoveriesarealwaysmadebylargeteams.25.Whatisoneimplicationofrecognizingthecollaborativenatureofscience?A)Weshouldstopcelebratingindividualscientists.B)Ithighlightstheneedforsustainedinvestmentinbasicresearch.C)Internationalcooperationinscienceisunnecessary.D)Scientificprogressisentirelyrandom.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.中国书法(calligraphy)是一门独特的传统艺术，已有数千年的历史。它不仅仅是书写文字的一种方式，更被视为一种心灵修养和艺术表达的形式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感和力度的笔画。练习书法需要耐心、专注和多年的坚持。优秀的书法作品被珍视为高雅的艺术品，常被悬挂在家中或办公室用于装饰。如今，尽管数字技术日益普及，书法仍然深受许多中国人的喜爱，并被看作是中华文化的重要象征。PartIV(答案部分)PartIWriting(SampleEssay)TheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinkingSkillsIntoday'sinformation-saturatedworld,theabilitytothinkcriticallyismorecrucialthanever.Criticalthinking,whichinvolvesanalyzinginformationobjectively,evaluatingarguments,andsolvingproblemslogically,isafundamentalskillforacademic,professional,andpersonalsuccess.Firstly,inacademia,studentswithstrongcriticalthinkingskillscanbetterunderstandcomplexconcepts,distinguishbetweencredibleandunreliablesources,andformtheirownwell-reasonedopinions.Secondly,intheworkplace,employershighlyvalueemployeeswhocanassesssituationsindependently,makesounddecisions,andinnovateratherthanjustfollowinstructions.Finally,indailylife,criticalthinkingempowersindividualstonavigatethevastamountofinformationonline,resistmisinformation,andmakeinformedchoicesabouttheirhealth,finances,andcivicduties.Therefore,cultivatingcriticalthinkingshouldbeapriorityineducation.Byencouragingquestioning,debate,andreflectivepractice,wecanequipyoungergenerationswiththementaltoolsneededtothriveinanincreasinglycomplexsociety.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.D)loss2.N)repetitive3.J)resilient4.C)essential5.E)replicate6.B)opportunities7.F)partnership8.K)analysis9.G)evolving10.L)committedSectionBPassageOne11.C)Thevariousbenefitsofurbangreenspaces.12.B)Byreducingstressandimprovingmood.13.C)The"heatisland"effect.14.C)They