2022英语四级试题一

2022英语四级试题一

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonthetopicTheImportanceofDevelopingDigitalLiteracy.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredtheworkplace.Toremaincompetitive,employeesmustnowpossessasetofskillsthatgobeyondtraditionalexpertise.Thisshiftnecessitatesacommitmenttolifelonglearning.Companiesareincreasinglyinvestingintrainingprogramstohelptheirworkforce(1)______newtechnologiesandmethodologies.However,theresponsibilitydoesnot(2)______solelywithemployers.Individualsmusttakethe(3)______inmanagingtheirowncareerdevelopment.Themoderneconomyrewardsadaptability.Workerswhocan(4)______tonewtoolsandprocessesaremorelikelytothrive.Thisofteninvolves(5)______onlinecourses,attendingworkshops,orsimplydedicatingtimetoself-study.The(6)______ofsuchcontinuouslearningisnotjustprofessionaladvancementbutalsopersonalfulfillment.Itkeepsthemindengagedandopensdoorstonewopportunitiesthatonemightnothave(7)______otherwise.Despitetheclearbenefits,manypeopleface(8)______inpursuingfurthereducation.Timeconstraints,financialcosts,andalackofcleardirectioncanbesignificant(9)______.Overcomingthesehurdlesrequiresplanningand,sometimes,seekingsupportfrommentorsor(10)______networks.Ultimately,viewingskilldevelopmentasanintegralpartofone'sprofessionallifeiskeytonavigatingthefutureofwork.WordBank:A)initiativeB)obstaclesC)acquireD)professionalE)barriersF)pursueG)initiativeH)adaptI)lieJ)previouslyK)enrolledL)takingM)benefitN)imaginedO)exclusivelySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Urbangreenspaces,suchasparks,gardens,andtree-linedstreets,areincreasinglyrecognizedascriticalcomponentsofsustainablecityliving.Beyondtheiraestheticappeal,theyprovideamultitudeofecologicalandsocialbenefitsthatareessentialforthewell-beingofurbanpopulations.Ecologically,greenspacesactasthe"lungs"ofacity.Theyabsorbcarbondioxide,produceoxygen,andhelpmitigatetheurbanheatislandeffect,wherecitycentersbecomesignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralareas.Treesandplantsfilterairpollutants,improvingairquality.Theyalsomanagestormwaterrunoff,reducingtheriskoffloodingandpreventingpollutantsfromenteringwaterways.Thesocialandpsychologicalbenefitsareequallysignificant.Accesstonaturehasbeenconsistentlylinkedtoreducedstresslevels,improvedmood,andenhancedmentalhealth.Parksoffervenuesforphysicalexercise,communitygatherings,andculturalevents,fosteringsocialcohesionandasenseofcommunitybelonging.Forchildren,theyprovideinvaluablespacesforplayandinteractionwiththenaturalworld,whichiscrucialforcognitiveandemotionaldevelopment.Despitetheirvalue,urbangreenspacesareoftenunderthreatfromdevelopmentpressures.Ascitiesexpand,theseareasarefrequentlysacrificedforhousingorcommercialinfrastructure.Thishighlightstheneedforproactiveurbanplanningthatprioritizesandprotectsexistinggreenareaswhileintegratingnewonesintodevelopmentprojects.Investingingreeninfrastructureisnotmerelyanaestheticchoicebutapublichealthandenvironmentalnecessity.11.Whatisthemainfunctionofgreenspacesbeingdescribedasthe"lungs"ofacity?A)Toprovidespaceforchildrentoplay.B)ToabsorbCO2,produceO2,andcoolthecity.C)Tooffervenuesforcommunityevents.D)Topreventallformsofurbandevelopment.12.Accordingtothepassage,howdogreenspacesbenefitmentalhealth?A)Byincreasingpropertyvalues.B)Byreducingstressandimprovingmood.C)Byprovidingjobsforlandscapearchitects.D)Bycompletelyeliminatingairpollution.13.Whatisamajorthreattourbangreenspacesmentionedinthepassage?A)Lackofpublicinterest.B)Naturaldisasterslikestorms.C)Pressurefromurbandevelopment.D)Overusebythepopulation.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisnecessaryforprotectinggreenspaces?A)Banningallnewconstructionincities.B)Proactiveurbanplanningthatprioritizesthem.C)Relyingsolelyoncommunityvolunteers.D)Convertingallparkinglotsintoparks.15.Whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowardsurbangreenspaces?A)Indifferentandneutral.B)Skepticalandcritical.C)Supportiveandadvocating.D)Nostalgicandregretful.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptofthe"sharingeconomy,"popularizedbycompanieslikeAirbnbandUber,hastransformedtraditionalmarketmodels.Itleveragesdigitalplatformstoenableindividualstorentorborrowunderutilizedassets—suchasaspareroom,acar,oreventools—directlyfrompeers,ratherthanfromestablishedcorporations.Thismodelisoftenpraisedforitsefficiency,potentialtogenerateextraincomeforindividuals,anditsroleinpromotingamorecollaborativeformofconsumption.Proponentsarguethatitmakesbetteruseofresources,reducingwasteandtheneedforexcessiveproductionofgoods.Forconsumers,itoftenprovidesmoreaffordableanddiverseoptionscomparedtotraditionalservices.Atravelermightfindaunique,budget-friendlyapartmentinaresidentialneighborhoodthroughAirbnb,anexperiencedistinctfromastandardhotelstay.However,thesharingeconomyfacessignificantcriticismandregulatorychallenges.Onemajorconcernisthelackofregulationandoversight,whichcanleadtoissuesrelatedtosafety,insurance,andfairlaborpractices.Forinstance,driversforride-sharingservicesmaynothavethesameemploymentprotectionsastraditionaltaxidrivers.Therearealsoconcernsaboutitsimpactonlocalhousingmarkets,whereshort-termrentalscanreducetheavailabilityoflong-termhousinganddriveuprents.Furthermore,whileitiscalleda"sharing"economy,criticspointoutthatitisoftenmoreaccuratelya"gig"or"access-based"economy,facilitatedbylargeplatformcompaniesthatprofitsignificantlyfromthesetransactions.Thedebatecontinuesascitiesandgovernmentsworldwidegrapplewithhowtointegratethesenewbusinessmodelsintoexistinglegalandeconomicframeworkstoharnesstheirbenefitswhilemitigatingtheirdownsides.16.Whatisakeyfeatureofthesharingeconomyaccordingtothepassage?A)Itisprimarilyrunbylargetraditionalcorporations.B)Itfocusesonsellingbrand-newproductsatadiscount.C)Itusesdigitalplatformsforpeer-to-peersharingofassets.D)Itiscompletelyunregulatedandoperatesoutsidethelaw.17.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasabenefitofthesharingeconomy?A)Itguaranteesfull-timeemploymentforallparticipants.B)Itcompletelyeliminatesallrisksforconsumers.C)Itprovidesaffordableanddiverseoptionsforconsumers.D)Ithassolvedthehousingshortageinmajorcities.18.Whatisamajorcriticismdirectedatride-sharingservices?A)Theyaremoreexpensivethantraditionaltaxis.B)Theydonotusedigitaltechnology.C)Theirdriversmaylacktraditionalemploymentprotections.D)Theyrefusetooperateinlargecities.19.Whatdocriticssuggestisamoreaccuratetermforthe"sharingeconomy"?A)Traditionalserviceeconomy.B)Gigoraccess-basedeconomy.C)Non-profitcooperativeeconomy.D)Industrialmanufacturingeconomy.20.Whatisthemainchallengeforgovernmentsregardingthesharingeconomy?A)Howtobantheseservicesentirely.B)Howtointegratethemintoexistinglegalframeworks.C)Howtoturnthemintogovernment-runenterprises.D)Howtopreventanyformofdigitaltransaction.PassageThreeQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Procrastination,theactofdelayingtasksdespiteknowingtherewillbenegativeconsequences,isacommonhumanexperience.Whileoftendismissedassimplelaziness,psychologicalresearchsuggestsitisacomplexissuerelatedtoemotionregulationandself-control.Atitscore,procrastinationisnotatime-managementproblembutanemotion-managementproblem.Whenfacedwithadaunting,boring,oranxiety-provokingtask,peopleprocrastinatetogaintemporaryrelieffromthesenegativefeelings.Theimmediatemoodrepairisrewarding,reinforcingthehabit.Unfortunately,thisshort-termescapeusuallyleadstogreaterstress,guilt,andworseperformanceasdeadlinesloom.Perfectionismisafrequentcompanionofprocrastination.Thefearofnotmeetinghighstandardscanbeparalyzing,makingstartingthetaskseemmoreaversivethandelayingit.Furthermore,aperson'sbeliefintheirabilitytocompleteatask—theirself-efficacy—playsacrucialrole.Lowself-efficacycanleadtoputtingofftasksduetoalackofconfidenceinachievingagoodoutcome.Overcomingprocrastinationinvolvesstrategiesthataddresstheemotionalcomponent.Breakingalargetaskintosmall,manageablestepscanreducetheinitialanxiety.TechniqueslikethePomodoroTechnique(workinginfocusedintervals)canhelpbuildmomentum.Perhapsmostimportantly,practicingself-compassion—beingkindtooneselfafterprocrastinatinginsteadofengaginginharshself-criticism—canreducethenegativeemotionsthatfuelthecycle.Understandingthatprocrastinationisaboutmanagingfeelings,notjustmanagingtime,isthefirststeptowardchange.21.Whatistheprimarypsychologicalreasonforprocrastinationaccordingtothepassage?A)Alackofintelligence.B)Poortime-managementskills.C)Thedesiretoregulateimmediateemotions.D)Anexcessoffreetime.22.Howdoesprocrastinationtypicallyaffectpeopleinthelongrun?A)Itleadstopermanentrelaxation.B)Itimprovesthequalityofwork.C)Itincreasesstressandguilt.D)Itguaranteesperfectresults.23.Whymightaperfectionistbemorelikelytoprocrastinate?A)Theyenjoyworkingunderextremepressure.B)Theyareoverlyconfidentintheirabilities.C)Fearofnotmeetinghighstandardscanbeparalyzing.D)Theyfindalltaskstooeasyandnotchallenging.24.WhatisthePomodoroTechniquementionedinthepassage?A)Amethodforcookingpastaefficiently.B)Astrategyforworkinginfocusedtimeintervals.C)Atheoryaboutplantgrowth.D)Aformofsevereself-criticism.25.Whatissuggestedasakeyfirststeptoovercomeprocrastination?A)Buyingamoreexpensiveplanner.B)Understandingit'saboutmanagingfeelings,notjusttime.C)Waitingforinspirationtostrike.D)Workingfor24hourswithoutabreak.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.Youshouldwriteyouranswer.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的传统艺术，已有三千多年的历史。它是中国文化的精髓，超越了单纯的书写功能，成为一种表达情感和审美观念的艺术形式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有韵律和美感的汉字。练习书法不仅能提高人的专注力，还能培养耐心和修养。如今，书法不仅被中国人珍视，也吸引了世界各地越来越多的人学习和欣赏。---答案(AnswerKey)PartIWriting(Amodelessayisprovidedforreference.)Digitalliteracy,theabilitytoeffectivelyusedigitaltoolsandinformation,hasbecomeindispensableinthemodernworld.Itisnolongeraspecializedskillbutafundamentalrequirementforeducation,work,anddailylife.Firstly,intheacademicandprofessionalspheres,digitalliteracyenablesefficientresearch,communication,andcollaboration.Studentsandemployeesmustnavigateonlinedatabases,utilizesoftware,anddiscerncredibleinformation.Secondly,indailylife,itempowersindividualstoaccessservices,managefinances,andconnectwithotherssafelyandresponsibly.Withoutit,onerisksbeingexcludedfrommanysocietalopportunities.Moreover,digitalliteracyinvolvescriticalthinking.Ithelpspeopleidentifymisinformation,protectprivacy,andunderstandthesocietalimpactoftechnology.Therefore,cultivatingdigitalliteracyiscrucialforpersonalsuccessandforfosteringainformed,responsiblecitizenryinthedigitalage.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.C)acquire2.I)lie3.A)initiative4.H)adapt5.L)taking6.M)benefit7.N)imagined8.B)obstacles9.E)barriers10.D)professionalSectionBPassageOne11.