本科英语四级试题

本科英语四级试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonthetopicTheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinkingSkills.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Intoday'srapidlyevolvingjobmarket,theconceptofa"lifelongcareer"atasinglecompanyisbecomingincreasingly____.Instead,professionalsareexpectedtonavigatemultiplerolesandindustriesthroughouttheirworkinglives.Thisshiftdemandsanewsetofskills,____adaptabilityandcontinuouslearning.Theabilitytolearnnewtechnologies,____todifferentcorporatecultures,andsolvecomplexproblemsisnowmorevaluablethanspecifictechnicalknowledgethatmayquicklybecome____.Employersareplacingahigherpremiumon"softskills"suchascommunication,collaboration,andcreativity.Theseskillsenableindividualstoworkeffectivelyindiverseteamsanddriveinnovation.Therefore,thefocusofeducationandpersonaldevelopmentismovingfrommereknowledgeacquisitiontofosteringagrowth____andtransferablecompetencies.This____notonlybenefitsindividualsbymakingthemmoreresilienttoeconomicchangesbutalso____organizationswithamoreagileandinnovativeworkforce.Ultimately,successinthe21st-centuryeconomymaydependlessonwhatyouknowatagivenmomentandmoreonyourcapacitytolearn,____,andapplyknowledgeinnovelsituations.A)adaptB)obsoleteC)mindsetD)shiftE)providingF)includingG)rareH)engageI)acquireJ)particularlyK)vitalL)unifyM)adjustN)trendO)uncommonSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thewidespreadadoptionofremotework,acceleratedbyrecentglobalevents,hasfundamentallyalteredthetraditionalofficeparadigm.Whileofferingflexibilityandeliminatingcommutes,thisshiftpresentssignificantchallengesformaintainingcompanycultureandfosteringcollaboration.Watercoolerconversationsandimpromptumeetings,onceconsideredincidental,arenowrecognizedascrucialforbuildingtrust,sparkingspontaneousideas,andreinforcingsharedvalues.Toaddressthis,manycompaniesareintentionallydesigning"virtualwatercoolers."Thesearedigitalspaces—usingplatformslikeSlack,MicrosoftTeams,ordedicatedvirtualgatheringapps—whereemployeescaninteractinformally.Channelsmightbecreatedfornon-worktopicslikehobbies,pets,orweekendplans.Othersorganizeregularvirtualsocialevents:onlinegamenights,coffeechatsviavideocall,orthemedtriviacontests.However,expertscautionthattheseinitiativesmustfeelauthenticandinclusive,notforced.Mandatoryfuncanbackfire.Thekeyistoprovidevariedopportunitiesforconnectionthatcatertodifferentpersonalities.Introvertedemployeesmightpreferasynchronoustext-basedchannels,whileextrovertsmayenjoylivevideoevents.Leadershipplaysacriticalrolebyparticipatinggenuinelyinthesespaces,signalingtheirimportance.Ultimately,thegoalisnottoperfectlyreplicatetheofficeonline,buttocultivateasenseofcommunityandbelongingthatsupportsbothwell-beingandproductivity.Thecompaniesthatsucceedinthisculturaltransitionwilllikelyemergewithamoreresilient,connected,andinnovativeworkforce.1.Whatisthemainchallengeofremoteworkmentionedinthepassage?A)Lackofadvancedtechnology.B)Difficultyinmonitoringemployeeperformance.C)Weakeningofcompanycultureandcollaboration.D)Increasedcostsforcommunicationtools.2.Whatdoestheterm"virtualwatercoolers"referto?A)Onlineplatformsforformalprojectmanagement.B)Digitalspacesforinformalemployeeinteraction.C)Softwarefortrackingworkhoursremotely.D)Toolsformandatoryonlinetraining.3.Accordingtoexperts,whatisimportantforvirtualsocialinitiatives?A)Theyshouldbemandatoryforallstaff.B)Theymustbecomplexandhighlyorganized.C)Theyneedtofeelgenuineandincludediversepreferences.D)Theyshouldfocussolelyonwork-relateddiscussions.4.Howcanleaderscontributetothesuccessofthesevirtualspaces?A)Bystrictlymonitoringallconversations.B)Byavoidingparticipationtoletemployeesrelax.C)Bytakingpartinthemsincerely.D)Byorganizingexpensiveonlineevents.5.Whatistheultimateaimofcreatingvirtualsocialconnections?A)Tocompletelyreplaceallface-to-facemeetings.B)Tobuildasupportivecommunityforbetterwell-beingandoutput.C)Toreducethenumberofworkinghoursforemployees.D)Tocreateacompetitiveenvironmentamongemployees.SectionCDirections:Thereisapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.PassageTwoA)Urbangardening,thepracticeofcultivatingfoodincities,isseeingaremarkableresurgence.Drivenbydesiresforfresherproduce,foodsecurity,environmentalconcerns,andcommunitybonding,peoplearetransformingbalconies,rooftops,andvacantlotsintogreenspaces.B)Thebenefitsaremultifaceted.Firstly,itincreasesaccesstonutritious,pesticide-freefood,whichisespeciallyvaluablein"fooddeserts"—urbanareaswithlimitedfreshfoodretailers.Secondly,itcontributestoenvironmentalsustainability.Gardenscanreducethe"urbanheatisland"effect,improveairquality,andpromotebiodiversitybyprovidinghabitatsforpollinatorslikebeesandbutterflies.C)Beyondtangibleyields,urbangardeningfostersmentalwell-being.Theactofnurturingplantsisknowntoreducestressandimprovemood.Italsooffersvaluableeducationalopportunitiesforchildrenandadultsaliketolearnaboutbiology,ecology,andtheoriginsoftheirfood.D)Furthermore,thesegardensoftenbecomehubsforsocialinteraction.Communitygardens,whereplotsareshared,encouragecooperation,knowledgeexchange,andbridgegenerationalandculturalgaps.Theystrengthenneighborhoodtiesandcreateasharedsenseofpurposeandpride.E)However,challengesexist.Urbansoilcanbecontaminatedwithleadorotherpollutants,requiringsoiltestingandremediation.Limitedspaceandlackofsunlightindensecitiescanconstraingardeningoptions.Accesstowateranddealingwithpestsarealsocommonhurdles.F)Despitetheseobstacles,themovementisgrowing,supportedbylocalgovernmentsandNGOsthroughinitiativeslikeprovidingseedfunding,leasingpublicland,andofferinggardeningworkshops.Technologyalsoaidsurbanfarmerswithappsforgardenplanningandonlinecommunitiesforadvice.G)Inconclusion,urbangardeningismorethanahobby;itisapowerfultoolforenhancingfoodresilience,urbanecology,publichealth,andsocialcohesion.Itscontinuedexpansionpointstowardsagreener,moreself-sufficient,andconnectedurbanfuture.6.Urbangardeningisgainingpopularityagainduetovariousreasonsincludingenvironmentalworries.7.Onesignificantadvantageofcitygardensistheirroleincoolingdownurbanareas.8.Takingcareofplantshasapositiveeffectonpeople'spsychologicalhealth.9.Sharedgardeningspacescanhelpconnectpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.10.Pollutionincitysoilposesapotentialriskforurbanagriculture.11.Officialsupportsometimescomesintheformoffinancialhelpandtrainingsessions.12.Thetextsuggeststhaturbangardeninghasvaluethatgoesbeyondjustgrowingfood.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateaparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.中国书法(calligraphy)是一门独特的传统艺术，其历史可以追溯到数千年前。它不仅仅是书写文字的一种方式，更被视为一种心灵修养和艺术表达的形式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感和节奏感的线条。练习书法需要高度的专注和耐心，有助于培养沉着冷静的心态。今天，尽管数字技术日益普及，中国书法仍然深受人们喜爱，被广泛地教授、练习和欣赏，成为连接过去与现在的重要文化纽带。PartIVWriting(30minutes)(Note:Thisisasecondwritingtask,representinganalternativeoradditionalsectionsometimesseeninpractice.Inastandardtest,therewouldtypicallybeonewritingtask.Thisisincludedhereforextrapractice.)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayinresponsetoachart.Youshouldsummarizetheinformationandgiveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.ThechartbelowshowstheprimarypurposesforusingmobileappsamonguniversitystudentsinChinain2023.(Thechartdataisdescribedintextasnoimageisallowed.)SocialNetworking:35%Entertainment(videos,music,games):30%Study&E-learning:20%OnlineShopping:10%Others:5%---AnswerKeyPartIWriting(Sampleessayforreference)Developingcriticalthinkingskillsisofparamountimportanceinbothacademicandeverydaycontexts.Itempowersindividualstoanalyzeinformationobjectively,ratherthanacceptingitatfacevalue.Inaneraofinformationoverload,theabilitytoevaluatesources,identifylogicalfallacies,anddistinguishfactfromopinioniscrucial.Thisskillsetenablespeopletomakeinformeddecisions,solvecomplexproblemseffectively,andengageinconstructivedebates.Furthermore,criticalthinkingfosterscreativityandinnovation.Byquestioningassumptionsandexploringmultipleperspectives,individualscangeneratenovelideasandsolutions.Intheworkplace,employeeswithstrongcriticalthinkingabilitiesarehighlyvaluedastheycannavigateuncertaintiesandcontributetostrategicplanning.Therefore,cultivatingcriticalthinkingshouldbeakeygoalofeducation.Itisnotmerelyanacademicexercisebutavitallifeskillthatpromotespersonalgrowth,responsiblecitizenship,andsocietalprogress.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.G)rare(orO)uncommon,but"rare"isslightlymorecommoninthiscontext.Eithercouldbeargued,but"rare"isthepreferredfitasitemphasizesthediminishingnatureoftheconcept.)2.F)including3.M)adjust(A)adaptisalsocorrectinmeaning,but"adjustto"isaverycommoncollocation.)4.B)obsolete5.C)mindset6.D)shift7.E)providing8.I)acquire(Note:Basedoncontext,thebestfitsare:1.G,2.F,3.M,4.B,5.C,6.D,7.E,8.I.Wordslike"particularly","vital","engage","unify","trend"arenotused.)SectionB1.C)Difficultyinmonitoringemployeeperformance.(Clarification:Thepassagestates:"thisshiftpresentssignificantchallengesformaintainingcompanycultureandfosteringcollaboration.")2.B)Digitalspacesforinformalemployeeinteraction.3.C)Theyneedtofeelgenuineandincludediversepreferences.4.C)Bytakingpartinthemsincerely.5.B)Tobuildasupportivecommunityforbetterwell-beingandoutput.SectionC6.A7.B8.C9.D10.E11.F12.GPartIIITranslationChinesecalligraphyisauniquetraditionalartwhosehistorycanbetracedbackthousandsofyears.Itisnotmerelyamethodofwritingcharactersbutisalsoregardedasaformofmentalcultivationandartisticexpression.Calligrapherscreatelinesofbeautyandrhythmbycontrollingthestrengthandspeedofthebrush.Practicingcalligraphyrequiresahighlevelofconcentrationandpatience,whichhelpstocultivateacalmandcomposedst