2017-2018学年高中英语（人教版）选修八作业Unit5Section3课后

Unit5SectionⅢⅠ.单句语法填空1.Theproposalstheyputforwardatthemeetingwereoflittlesignificance(significant).解析：考查名词。句意：他们在会上提出的建议无足轻重。oflittlesignificance不太重要。2.Fifteenpersonswereunderarrestbecauseoftheseriousviolence.解析：考查介词。句意：由于暴乱十五人被捕。underarrest被捕。3.Fed(feed)upwithdoingallthehousework,shehashiredacleaner.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：厌烦做家务，所以她雇佣了一名清洁工。过去分词作原因状语，相当于是shewasfedupwith…。4.Myfamilyhasavase,whichissaidtodate(date)backtotheMingDynasty.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我家有个花瓶，据说是从明代传下来的。besaidtodo据说……。5.Hedroveslowly,having(have)achatwithhisfriendonthephone.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他一边和朋友在电话里聊天，一边慢慢地开车。现在分词作伴随状语。6.Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.解析：考查连词。句意：快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停了下来，不往前走了。考查句型hadalmostdone…when…快要做完……突然这时……。7.Wewalkedalongwaytoseehim,onlytofind(find)thathehadjustleftforthecountryside.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们走了很长一段路去看他，没想到他刚下乡了。onlytodo不定式短语在句中作结果状语,表示意外的，不好的结果。8.Hedroppedtheglassontothefloor,breaking(break)itintopieces.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他把玻璃杯子掉在了地上，摔碎了。动词ing形式在句中作结果状语，强调必然的结果。9.Ifonlymymotherwere(be)herewithmenow!解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要是母亲现在和我在一起就好了！Ifonly…用于虚拟语气时，若表示与现在事实相反的情况，句中谓语则用动词的过去式，be动词常用were。10.PleasehandthebookovertoLucy,whoisinneedofitnow.解析：考查副词以及定语从句。第一空handsth.overtosb.把……递给某人；第二空who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Lucy。Ⅱ.单句改错1.Ifonlyitnotbeenforhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.解析：考查虚拟语气。要不是前天他给我发的邀请信，我现在就不会在这里。从句时间状语theotherday，表明从句是对过去的情况虚拟，故用过去完成时。2.Ihadjustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostsuddenlyashipspottedme.解析：考查状语从句。句意：正当我绝望时突然一艘船发现了我。考查句型hadjustaboutdone…when…刚……突然这时……。3.IhavebeenreadhalfoftheEnglishnovel,andI'lltrytofinishitattheweekend.解析：考查动词时态。句意：这本英文小说我已读了一半，这个周末我将尽力把它读完。根据语境表示已经读了一半，故用现在完成时。4.theaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.解析：考查状语从句。句意：随着人口平均年龄的增加，越来越多的老年人需要照顾。分析句子可知，as表示“随着”。5.Inmanyways,theeducationsystemintheUSisverydifferentfromintheUK.解析：考查代词。句意：美国的教育体系与英国的教育体系在很多方面有差异。that替代theeducationsystem,it特指前面提到的同一事物。6.Moreefforts,asreported,willbemadeintheyearsaheadthesupplysidestructuralreform.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：正如所报道的，在未来几年要作出更大的努力来加快供应方面的结构改革。toaccelerate动词不定式作目的状语。7.Thetemplebacktothe4thcenturyBCwasdesignedbyafamousarchitect.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：追溯到公元前4世纪的这座庙宇是由一位著名设计师设计的。分析句子结构，句子谓语是wasdesignedby，dating是现在分词作定语，相当于whichdated。8.It'struethattheoldroadislessdirectandabitlonger.，theydon'tliketotakethenewone.解析：考查副词辨析。句意：事实上，原来的老路不太直，并且有些远，但是不知道怎么地，他们不喜欢走这条新路。somehow不知怎么地；somewhat有点，稍微，有几分。9.Aftertheflood,thevillagersbegantolookandtriedtheirbesttorebuildtheirhomeland.解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：在洪水之后，村民们开始为将来做打算，尽他们最大的努力重建他们的家园。lookahead往前看；为将来打算；lookback回顾。10.LittledidIknowwhattroubleswereinwaitformewhenIgothome.解析：考查动词短语。句意：我几乎不知道当我到家时，麻烦的事在等着我。lieinwaitfor静候某人，lie现在分词形式是lying;laying是动词lay的现在分词形式。Ⅲ.阅读理解（2016·has.Therereisprobablythemostexhaustingexperienceapersoneverhas.Thereisnothingmoretiringthannotsucceeding.Weexperiencethistirednessintwoways:asstartfatigue.In(疲惫)andperformancefatigue.Intheformercase,wekeepputtingdifficult.Andecauseitiseithertooboringortoodifficult.Andthelongerwedelayit,themoretiredwefeel.Suchstartbones.Theeisveryreal,evenifnotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones.Thesolutionisobviousthoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.authors.Applyingidea.Andowrite102essaysonthegreatideasofsomefamousauthors.Applyingmyownrule,Ideterminedtowritetheminalphabetical(按字母顺序)order,neverlettingmyselfleaveoutatoughidea.AndIalwaysstartedtheday'sworkwiththediffessaywriting.Experienceessayxperienceprovedthattheruleworks.handle.Thoughright.Itsagain.Infficulttohandle.Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthat,howeverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcan—thenlettheunconscioustakeover.WhenplanningEncyclopaediaBritannicaarticles.Nothingdtocreateatableofcontentsbasedonthetopicsofitsarticles.Nothinglikethishadeverbeendonebefore,anddayafterdayIkeptworked.Mythsolutions,butnoneofthemworked.Myfatiguebecamealmostunbearable.Oneday,mentalsolved.Ime.Relivedotedownallthereasonswhythisproblemcouldnotbesolved.Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.Relived,Isatbackinaneasychairandfellasleep.mind.Inlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind.Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadstep.Thoughfatigue.Successdprovedcorrectateverystep.ThoughIworkedashardasbefore,Ifeltnofatigue.Successwasnowasexcitingasfailurehadbeendepressing.Hsucceed.Successbelieve,musttrytosucceed.Success,then,meansneverfeelingtired.语篇导读本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身的体验，向读者介绍了摆脱疲惫和执行疲惫从而获得成功，实现人生价值的方法。1.Peoplewithstartupfatiguearemostlikelyto.A.delayB.workB.workhardC.seekhelpD.acceptD.acceptfailure解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知选A。keepputtingoffatask与A项的delaytasks相照应。2.Whatdoestheauthorremenddoingtopreventstartupfatigue?A.Writingessaysinstrictorder.B.Buildingupphysicalstrength.C.Leavingoutthetoughestideas.D.Dealingwiththehardesttaskfirst.解析：D细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知，优先解决困难的任务是避免启动疲劳的方法。故选D。3.Accordingtotheauthor,theunconsciousmindmayhelpus_____.A.ignorementalproblemsB.getsomenicesleepC.gainpletereliefD.findtherightsolution解析：D推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，当陷入困境时，有时放松一下，或许能找到正确的方法。故选D。4.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SuccessIsBuiltuponFailureB.HowtoHandlePerformanceFatigueC.GettingoverFatigue:AWaytoSuccessD.Fatigue:AnEarlySignofHealthProblems解析：C标题归纳题。文章首尾相呼应，主题鲜明，主要介绍了摆脱疲惫和执行疲惫从而获得成功的方法。故选C。（2016·湖南衡阳高二联考）Ifyoufeeldepressed,it'sbesttodosomethingaboutit—depressiondoesn'tjustgoawayonitsown.Inadditiontogettinghelpfromadoctororcounselor,herearefourthingsyoucandotofeelbetter.Exercise.Takea15to30minutewalkeveryday—ordance,jog,orbikeifyouprefer.Peoplewhoaredepressedmaynotfeelmuchlikebeingactive.5.______Onceyougetintheexercisehabit,itwon'ttakelongtonoticeadifferenceinyourmood.Cherishyourselfwithgoodnutrition.Depressioncanaffectappetite.Onepersonmaynotfeellikeeatingatall,butanothermightovereat.Ifdepressionhasaffectedyoureating,you'llneedramindfulofgettingtherightfood.6.______Soeatplentyoffruitsandvegetablesandgetregularmeals(evenifyoudon'tfeelhungry,trytoeatsomethinglight,likeapieceoffruit,tokeepyougoing).Identifytroubles.7.______Whenyouknowwhat'sgotyoufeelingblueandwhy,talkaboutitwithacaringfriend.Talkingisawaytoreleasethefeelingsandtoreceivesomeunderstanding.Ifthere'snoonetotell,pouringyourheartouttoajournalworksjustaswell.8.______Depressionaffectsaperson'sthoughts,makingeverythingseemdark,negative,andhopeless.Ifdepressionhasyounoticingonlythenegative,makeanefforttonoticethegoodthingsinlife.Trytonoticeonething,andthentrytothinkofonemore.Consideryourstrengths,gifts,orblessings.Mostofall,don'tforgettobepatientwithyourself.9.______A.Lookonthebrightside.B.Takeactiontosolveproblems.C.Butmakeyourselfdoitanyway.D.Depressiontakestimetoheal.E.Propernutritioncaninfluenceaperson'smoodandenergy.F.Withdepression,aperson'screativityandsenseoffunmayseemblocked.G.Trytomakeoutanysituationsthathavecontributedtoyourdepression.语篇导读文章介绍对抗压抑的四种方法:锻炼,注意饮食,识别困难,看到积极的一面。C解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。根据空前后叙述的是不同的含义,此处应用转折词but,并根据关键词do,exercise,depressed等。故选C项。E解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。根据空前的gettingtherightfood和空后的Soeatplentyoffruitsandvegetablesandgetregularmeals和E项中的propernutrition可知选E项。7.G解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。根据G项中的situations和depression,和题干后的acaringfriend,understanding等判断选G项。8.A解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。根据A项中的thebrightside和空后的关键词noticethegoodthingsinlife可判断选A项。9.D解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。