英语四级备考试题

英语四级备考试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofdevelopingahealthylifestyleamongcollegestudents.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Thedigitalagehastransformedhowweaccessinformation.Whiletheinternetoffers____1____convenience,italsopresentschallengestodeep,focusedreading.Manypeoplenow____2____througharticlesonline,scanningforkeywordsratherthanengaginginthekindofsustainedattentionthataprintedbookdemands.Thishabit,oftencalled"skimming,"can____3____ourabilitytocomprehendcomplexargumentsandretaininformationoverthelongterm.Studiessuggestthattheconstant____4____ofonlinenotificationsandhyperlinksfragmentsourconcentration.Tocultivatedeeperunderstanding,experts____5____settingasidededicatedtimeforofflinereading.Theyarguethatthephysicalactofturningpagesandthelackofdigital____6____cansignificantlyenhancefocusandmemory____7____.Furthermore,engagingwithlong-formtextshelpsbuildcriticalthinkingskills,asitrequiresreaderstofollowa(n)____8____lineofreasoningandevaluateevidence.Inaneraofinformation____9____,theabilitytoreaddeeplyisnotjustanacademicskillbutacrucialtoolfornavigatingtheworldandmakinginformeddecisions.Therefore,itis____10____forindividuals,especiallystudents,tobalancequickonlinebrowsingwiththedisciplinedpracticeofdeepreading.WordBank:A)advocateB)compromiseC)crucialD)distractionsE)enhanceF)enormousG)floodH)hinderI)immersionJ)interferenceK)logicalL)overloadM)retentionN)skimO)switchSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptof"smartcities"isgainingtractionworldwide.Atitscore,asmartcityusesdigitaltechnologyanddataanalysistoimprovetheefficiencyofurbanservices,enhancesustainability,andpromoteeconomicgrowth.Sensorscollectreal-timedataontrafficflow,energyusage,andwastemanagement.Thisdataisthenanalyzedtooptimizeeverythingfrompublictransportationroutestothetimingofstreetlights,aimingtoreducecongestionandloweracity'senvironmentalfootprint.However,thedevelopmentofsmartcitiesraisessignificantconcernsaboutprivacyanddatasecurity.Thevastamountofdatacollected—oftenincludinginformationaboutcitizens'movementsandhabits—couldbemisusedifnotproperlysafeguarded.Criticsarguethatwithoutrobustregulationsandtransparentgovernance,thesmartcitycouldbecomeasurveillancecity,erodingpersonalfreedoms.Furthermore,thereisariskofdeepeningsocialinequality.Ifaccesstothebenefitsofsmarttechnology(likehigh-speedinternetorsmarthomesystems)isnotuniversal,adigitaldividecouldleavesomecommunitiesbehind.Proponentscounterthatthesechallengesaremanageable.Theyemphasizethatwithstrongethicalframeworks,publicconsultation,andinclusivedesign,smartcitytechnologycanbeharnessedtocreatemorelivable,equitable,andresponsiveurbanenvironmentsforallresidents.Thekey,theysay,istoensurethattechnologyservespeople,nottheotherwayaround.11.Whatistheprimarygoalofasmartcityaccordingtothepassage?A)Toreplaceallhumanlaborwithartificialintelligence.B)Tocollectasmuchpersonaldataaspossibleforcommercialuse.C)Tousetechnologytoimproveurbanefficiency,sustainability,andeconomy.D)Toeliminatealltraditionalformsofpublictransportation.12.Whatisamajorconcernassociatedwithsmartcities?A)Thehighcostofimplementingbasicinfrastructure.B)Thepotentialforprivacyinvasionanddatamisuse.C)Thelackofinterestfromtechnologycompanies.D)Thedifficultyinfindingskilleddataanalysts.13.Theterm"digitaldivide"inParagraph2refersto______.A)thegapbetweendifferentgenerationsinusingtechnologyB)theinequalityinaccesstothebenefitsofdigitaltechnologyC)thedifferenceinthespeedofinternetconnectionsD)theconflictbetweentechnologydevelopersandcityplanners14.Whatdoproponentsofsmartcitiesbelieveabouttheassociatedchallenges?A)Thechallengesaretoogreattoovercome.B)Thechallengescanbeaddressedwithpropermeasures.C)Thechallengesareirrelevanttotheaveragecitizen.D)Thechallengesareprimarilytechnicalinnature.15.Whatistheauthor'soveralltoneindiscussingsmartcities?A)Stronglycriticalanddismissive.B)Enthusiasticallypromotional.C)Balancedandanalytical.D)Ambiguousanduncertain.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithfivestatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.PassageTwoA)Thephenomenonof"fooddeserts"—urbanareaswhereresidentshavelimitedaccesstoaffordableandnutritiousfood—isapersistentpublichealthchallenge.Theseareasareoftencharacterizedbyahighdensityoffast-foodoutletsandconveniencestoressellingprocessedfoods,butascarcityoffull-servicegrocerystoresorfarmers'markets.B)Thecausesoffooddesertsarecomplexandinterconnected.Keyfactorsincludeeconomicdisinvestmentincertainneighborhoods,transportationbarriers(asmanyresidentsmaynotownacarandpublictransitisinadequate),andthebusinessdecisionsofsupermarketchainsthatavoidlocatinginlower-incomeareasduetoperceivedlowerprofitability.C)Theconsequencesforresidentslivinginfooddesertsaresignificant.Relianceonunhealthy,processedfoodscontributestohigherratesofdiet-relatedhealthproblemssuchasobesity,diabetes,andheartdisease.Thelackoffreshproducealsomeansfamiliespaymoreforlower-qualityfood,straininghouseholdbudgets.D)Addressingfooddesertsrequiresmulti-facetedsolutions.Oneapproachistoincentivizegrocerystorestoopeninunderservedareasthroughtaxbreaksorgrants.Anotheristosupportalternativemodelslikecommunitygardens,mobileproducemarkets,andcooperativefood-buyingclubs.Improvingpublictransportationtoexistingsupermarketsisalsoastrategy.E)Ultimately,eliminatingfooddesertsisnotjustaboutprovidingphysicalaccesstofood.Itinvolvestacklingbroaderissuesofurbanplanning,economicinequality,andcommunityempowerment.Ensuringallcitizenshavetheopportunitytomakehealthyfoodchoicesisacriticalsteptowardachievinggreaterpublichealthequity.16.Fooddesertsaretypicallyareaswithplentyoffastfoodbutfewsupermarkets.17.Healthissueslikediabetesarelinkedtolivinginareaswithpooraccesstohealthyfood.18.Supermarketsmightavoidpoorneighborhoodsbecausetheythinktheywon'tmakeenoughmoneythere.19.Helpingcommunitiesstarttheirowngardensisonewaytofightfooddeserts.20.Solvingtheproblemoffooddesertsisconnectedtolargersocialandeconomicissues.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的传统艺术，已有三千多年的历史。它不仅仅是书写汉字，更是一种表达情感和审美观念的方式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感和力度的线条。练习书法需要极大的耐心和专注，被认为是一种修身养性的好方法。如今，书法不仅在中国受到珍视，也吸引了世界各地越来越多的人学习和欣赏。PartIVWriting(Task2)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonagivenchart.Youshouldsummarizethechartandgiveyourcomments.Writeatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Thechartbelowshowstheprimarypurposesofusingsocialmediaamongcollegestudentsinasurvey.(Imagineachartherewiththefollowingdata:Keepingintouchwithfriendsandfamily:65%;Followingnewsandcurrentevents:45%;Sharingpersonalphotos/videos:40%;Findingentertainment(e.g.,videos,memes):75%;Academicorprofessionalnetworking:25%.)AnswerKeyPartIWriting(SampleEssay)Developingahealthylifestyleisofparamountimportanceforcollegestudents,whoareatacriticalstageofpersonalandintellectualgrowth.Firstly,goodphysicalhealth,builtonregularexercise,balancednutrition,andadequatesleep,providestheenergyandstaminaneededtocopewithdemandingacademicschedules.Withoutit,concentrationandacademicperformancecansuffer.Secondly,ahealthylifestyleencompassesmentalwell-being.Practicesliketimemanagement,stress-reliefactivities,andmaintainingsocialconnectionshelppreventanxietyandburnout.Furthermore,thehabitsformedduringcollegeoftensetthepatternforadulthood.Byprioritizinghealthnow,studentsinvestintheirlong-termfuture,reducingrisksofchronicdiseasesandenhancingoverallqualityoflife.Therefore,universitiesandstudentsthemselvesshouldactivelypromoteandadopthealthylivingpractices.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.F)enormous2.N)skim3.H)hinder4.L)overload5.A)advocate6.D)distractions7.M)retention8.K)logical9.G)flood10.C)crucialSectionB11.C)Tousetechnologytoimproveurbanefficiency,sustainability,andeconomy.12.B)Thepotentialforprivacyinvasionanddatamisuse.13.B)theinequalityinaccesstothebenefitsofdigitaltechnology14.B)Thechallengescanbeaddressedwithpropermeasures.15.C)Balancedandanalytical.SectionC16.A17.C18.B19.D20.EPartIIITranslationChinesecalligraphyisauniquetraditionalartwithahistoryofmorethan3,000years.ItisnotmerelyaboutwritingChinesecharacters,butalsoawaytoexpressemotionsandaestheticideas.Calligrapherscreatelinesofbeautyandstrengthbycontrollingtheforceandspeedofthebrush.Practicingcalligraphyrequiresgreatpatienceandconcentration,andisconsideredanexcellentmethodforself-cultivation.To