2024英语四级全真试题

2024英语四级全真试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofdevelopingcriticalthinkingskillsinthedigitalage.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Theriseofsocialmediahasfundamentallyalteredhowweconsumeinformation.Whileitoffersunprecedentedaccesstonewsanddiverseperspectives,italsopresentssignificantchallenges.Onemajorconcernistherapidspreadofmisinformation.Algorithmsdesignedtomaximizeengagementoftencreate"echochambers,"whereusersareprimarilyexposedtocontentthat1)______theirexistingbeliefs.Thiscanreinforcebiasesandmakeindividualsmore2)______tofalseormisleadingclaims.Furthermore,theconstantstreamofupdatescanleadtoinformationoverload,reducingourabilitytoprocesscontent3)______.Developingcriticalthinkingskillshasbecomeanessential4)______fornavigatingthiscomplexlandscape.Itinvolvesquestioningthesourceofinformation,checkingforevidence,andconsideringalternativeviewpoints.Educationalinstitutionsareincreasinglyrecognizingthisneed,integratingmedialiteracyintotheir5)______.However,theresponsibilitydoesnotliesolelywithschools.Individualsmustactively6)______tohonetheseskills.Thismightincludefact-checkingbeforesharingarticles,followingaccountswith7)______viewpoints,andtakingregularbreaksfromdigitaldevicestoallowfordeeper8)______.Cultivatingahabitofmindfulconsumptioncanhelpusbecomemore9)______andresponsibledigitalcitizens.Inanagewhereinformationisabundantbutwisdomisscarce,criticalthinkingisthekeyto10)______truthfromfalsehoodandmakinginformeddecisions.A)curriculaB)discerningC)distinguishD)cultivateE)vulnerableF)reflectionG)opposingH)superficialI)alignsJ)toolK)profoundL)strategyM)criticallyN)resistO)seekSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Urbangardening,thepracticeofcultivatingplantsincities,isexperiencingaglobalresurgence.Drivenbyconcernsoverfoodsecurity,environmentalsustainability,andcommunitywell-being,citydwellersaretransformingrooftops,balconies,andvacantlotsintogreenspaces.Proponentsarguethaturbangardeningoffersnumerousbenefits.Firstly,itenhancesfoodsecuritybyprovidinglocal,freshproduce,reducingrelianceonlong-distancesupplychains.Secondly,itcontributestoenvironmentalhealth.Plantsabsorbcarbondioxide,mitigatetheurbanheatislandeffect,andpromotebiodiversity.Greenspacesalsomanagestormwaterrunoff,reducingstrainoncitydrainagesystems.Thirdly,gardeningfosterssocialconnectionsandimprovesmentalhealth.Communitygardensbecomehubsforinteraction,knowledgesharing,andcollectivepurpose,combatinglonelinessandstress.However,challengesexist.Soilcontaminationinformerindustrialsitesisaserioushealthrisk,requiringsoiltestingandremediation.Accesstolandandwatercanbelimitedandexpensive.Additionally,notallurbanresidentshavethetime,knowledge,orphysicalabilitytogarden.Despitethesehurdles,themovementisgaininginstitutionalsupport.Manycitygovernmentsareincorporatingurbanagricultureintotheirsustainabilityplans,offeringincentivesandrevisingzoninglaws.Technologicalinnovationslikehydroponics(growingplantswithoutsoil)andverticalfarmingaremakinggardeningfeasibleinspace-constrainedenvironments.Ultimately,urbangardeningismorethanatrend;itrepresentsaproactivesteptowardscreatingmoreresilientandlivablecities.11.Whatisthemainreasonfortherenewedinterestinurbangardeningaccordingtothepassage?A)Thedecreasingcostofagriculturaltechnology.B)Concernsaboutfood,environment,andcommunity.C)Governmentpoliciespromotinggreencities.D)Theincreasingavailabilityofvacantlandincities.12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanenvironmentalbenefitofurbangardening?A)Improvingairquality.B)Coolingdownurbanareas.C)Increasingplantandanimalvariety.D)Generatingrenewableenergy.13.Whatisasignificanthealthconcernassociatedwithurbangardening?A)Lackofgardeningskillsamongcitydwellers.B)Potentialpollutioninthesoil.C)Physicalstrainfromgardeningactivities.D)Contaminatedwatersupply.14.Howaresomecitygovernmentssupportingurbangardening?A)Byprovidingfreeseedsandtoolstoallresidents.B)Bymakingitamandatoryactivityforcommunities.C)Byincludingitintheirlong-termdevelopmentplans.D)Byreplacingparkswithcommunitygardens.15.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthefutureofurbangardening?A)Itwillremainanichehobbyforasmallgroup.B)Itssuccessdependssolelyontechnologicaladvances.C)Itisapromisingapproachforsustainableurbandevelopment.D)Itwillsolvetheproblemofglobalfoodshortages.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithfivestatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.TheParadoxofChoice[A]Inmodernconsumersocieties,peoplearefacedwithanabundanceofchoicesineverydomain,fromcerealbrandstocareerpaths.Conventionalwisdomsuggeststhatmorechoiceisalwaysbetter,equatingitwithfreedomandautonomy.However,psychologistBarrySchwartz,inhisbookTheParadoxofChoice,arguesthatanoverabundanceofoptionscanactuallyleadtodecreasedhappinessanddecisionparalysis.[B]Schwartzdistinguishesbetween"maximizers"and"satisficers."Maximizersstrivetomaketheabsolutebestchoice,exhaustivelyresearchingalloptions.Satisficers,ontheotherhand,aimforachoicethatis"goodenough,"basedontheircriteria.Theprocessofmaximizing,whilepotentiallyleadingtoamarginallybetteroutcome,isoftenassociatedwithhigherlevelsofstress,regret,andself-blame.[C]Thenegativeeffectsofexcessivechoiceareevidentinseveralways.First,itincreasestheeffortrequiredtomakeadecision.Second,itraisesexpectations;withsomanyoptions,peopleexpecttheperfectfitandaremorelikelytobedisappointed.Third,itamplifiesregretaboutthealternativesnotchosen.This"opportunitycost"loomslargerwhenthenumberofforgonealternativesishigh.[D]Thisparadoxhassignificantimplicationsformarketingandpublicpolicy.Forinstance,simplifyingretirementsavingsplansorinsuranceoptionscanincreaseparticipationrates.Companiesthatcurateselectionsratherthanofferingendlessaislescanreducecustomeranxietyandimprovesatisfaction.[E]Schwartzsuggestsseveralstrategiestocopewiththechoiceoverload.Theseincludeconsciouslylimitingoptionswhenpossible,adopting"satisficing"standardsformostdecisions,focusingonwhatmakesyouhappyratherthanworryingaboutthebest,andpracticinggratitudeforsatisfactorychoicestoreducepost-decisionregret.16.Theefforttofindthebestoptioncancausenegativeemotions.17.Onewaytodealwithtoomanychoicesistointentionallyreduceavailableoptions.18.Thecommonbeliefthatmorechoicesarebeneficialischallengedbyresearch.19.Thephenomenonofchoiceoverloadcaninfluencehowbusinessesdesigntheirservices.20.Peopletendtofeelmoreregretwhentheyhavepassedupmanyalternatives.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门古老的艺术，至今已有数千年的历史。它不仅是书写汉字的方法，更是一种表达情感和审美的艺术形式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有独特美感的线条与形态。练习书法需要耐心和专注，有助于修身养性。如今，书法不仅被视为中国文化的瑰宝，也吸引着世界各地的人们学习和欣赏。PartIV(Thispartisintentionallyleftblanktosimulatethelisteningsection'sabsence.Inastandardtest,ListeningComprehensionwouldbehere.)---AnswerKeyPartIWriting(Sampleanswerforreferenceonly)Inthedigitalage,wearebombardedwithinformationfromcountlesssources.Developingcriticalthinkingskillshasthusbecomemorecrucialthanever.Itenablesustoanalyzeinformationobjectively,identifybiases,andseparatefactsfromopinionsorfalsehoods.Withouttheseskills,weriskbeingmisledbymisinformationortrappedinechochambersthatreinforceourprejudices.Criticalthinkingempowersustomakereasonedjudgments,solveproblemseffectively,andparticipatemeaningfullyinsociety.Therefore,botheducationsystemsandindividualsmustprioritizefosteringtheseabilitiestonavigatethecomplexitiesofthemodernworldwisely.PartIIReading