2026年上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试卷和答案

PAGE10NUMPAGES12高三英语试 SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Old,butListeningtonewmusicishard.Nothardcomparedtospacetravel,buthardcomparedtolisteningtomusicwealreadyknow.Thoseofuswhohavesettledintoadultlifeoftendon’tlistentonewmusic.Withwork,bills,childrenandlife(1)(come)intoplay,it’seasytoletgooftheactofdiscovery.Eventually,webowourheadsandreachastage(2)mostmusicbecomessomethingtorememberratherthansomethingtoMostpeoplehaveallthesongstheycouldeverneedalreadybythetimetheyturn30.And(3) wehaveanonlinemusicplatform,wecaneasilytakeourselvesbacktoouryouth,whenlifewassimpler.Whyjumpoffamountainhopingthatyou(4)(rescue)onthewaydownbyyournewfavouritealbumwhenyoucanstaysafewithyouroldplaylist?Whyspendtimeonsomethingyou(5)stillevenendupdisliking?Frommusictoclothingbrands,welovethethingsweknowbecauseweknowthem,andthereforeweloveButthereisaphysiologicalexplanationinourdesiretoseekcomfortin(6)Ithassomething(7)(do)withourbrains.Ourbrainschangeastheyrecognisenewpatternsintheworld,whichis(8)makesbrainsuseful.Whenitcomestolisteningtomusic,anetworkofnervesinthepartofthebrainthatprocessessounds(9)(help)cataloguethedifferentpatternsofmusic.When(10)(match)withafamiliarpattern,asoundstimulatesourbrainstoreleasedopamine—thechemicalbehindsomeofourstrongestemotions.That’swhymusiccanmoveussodeeply.SectionDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.A.B.G. H.C.I.D.J.E.K.TheFalloftheRomanTheWesternRomanEmpireisknownasoneofthelongestlastingempires.Historiansbelievethattheempirecollapsedin476A.D.,whenitslastruler,RomulusAugustulus,was11 ThequestionofwhytheWesternRomanEmpireendedhasfascinatedhistoriansforgenerations, adebatethatisnowherenearreachinganagreement.In1984,GermanhistorianAlexanderDemandtdrewupalistofmorethantwohundredfactorsthathavebeencitedtoexplainRome’sfall—afall13blamedoninternalcorruption(腐败).Otherscholarshavepointedtomorespecificreasons.SomehavefocusedontheevolutionoftheRomanwhichstruggledtoexpandbythethirdcenturyA.D.becauseof14onenslaved受奴役的)peopleforOngoingmilitaryconflictsandcivilwarsthatbrokeoutfromthethirdcenturyonwardplayedaparttoo,weakeningcentralauthorityandcausingtheempiretobreakapart,leavingitmore15toexternalthreats.Inrecentyears,however,a(n)16theoryhasemerged,highlightingtheimpactofclimaticchangesanddiseaseoutbreaks.Inaworkpublishedin2017,classicsprofessorKyleHarperarguesthattheriseandfallofRomewasshapednotonlybyemperors,generals,soldiersandslaves,butalsobyviruses,volcanoesandsolarcycles.Itisastoryinwhichhumanityandtheenvironmentcannotbe17.Harperandotherscholarshavedrawnonclimateandwidespread-diseasedata,whichhaveopenedupnewofresearchintothestudyofthepast.Thedatasuggestthatthe19conditionsoftheempireinthefirstcenturyB.C.favoredagricultural,economic,andpopulationgrowth.Buttheybecamemorevariablewithatrendtowardcoolinganddrought,whichimpactedagriculturalproductivity.Thiscrisiswascompoundedbyanother20naturalphenomenon:epidemics(时疫).Fromthelatterhalfofthesecondcenturyonward,epidemicsemergedthataffectedthewholeEmpirewithunmatchedReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Who,orwhat,doyouEveryday,weturntotheinternetto21 :shouldwestayatthathotel,eatatthisrestaurant,ridewiththatdriver?Wehavebecomesousedtothelarge-scaleinsightsprovidedby22 ,manyofuswouldn’tevenbuyatoasterwithoutfirstcheckingreviews.Theiraccessibilityandapparentauthoritymeanthatsimplypickinganapplianceatrandomisalmost23 —whywouldn’tyouaskGooglefirst?Andyet,whenitcomestomanymorefundamentalchoices—likewhatwechoosetostudy—weoftentrustourinstincts.This,argueseconomistSethDavidowitz,iswherewearegoingwrong.24 ,followingourinstinctscanleadustoactonhiddenprejudicesortokeepfollowingdead-endpaths.InhisnewbookDon’tTrustYourGut:Usingdatainsteadofinstincttomakebetterchoices,SethDavidowitzbringstogether“credibleanswersto25 questions”asrevealedbyvastonlinedata,sowecanapplytheminordertobemoresuccessfulandhappier.“Whileweoftenthinkweknowhowtobetterourselves,thenumbers,itturnsout,26 hewrites.Somefindingsareindeed27,goingagainstcommonbelief—forexample,theoverstatedadvantageofyouthinstartingabusiness.Others,however,maybemore28expectations:weoftenoverestimatethepleasureofpassiveactivitiessuchassnackingandwatchingTV.ResearchbytheLondonSchoolofEconomicsfoundthatevenrelaxingtendstomakepeoplefeelless29thananticipated.Ontheotherhand,weunderestimatethe30toourmoodfromvisitingmuseumsorlibraries.Fromworktorelationships,SethDavidowitzlookstothedatafor31onkeydecisionsand,wherepossible,triesitoutforhimself.InhisbookhewritesthatheusedAI,marketresearchandstatisticalanalysis—puttingmorethan100editedimagesofhimselfintoanonlinesurvey—tofindoutthatpeoplegenerallypreferhimwithglassesandabeard.Thoughentertaining,hisbookismost32whenitchallengespopularassumptionsanddemonstrateswhatworksbestformostpeople,sothatallofusmightlearnfromtheirexample.Buthissomewhatidealistviewofdatamaycreatea33withaworldalreadytransformedbyit.34maynotlie,asSethDavidowitzwrites—butnordotheyrevealthecomplete,complexpicture,especiallywhentheyarecontrolledbycorporateinterests.Whenour35isalreadybeingshapedbydatainwaysofwhichwearen’taware,perhapssuccessisn’talwaysamatterofmakingtherightdecision.21.A.makeB.expressC.gainD.achieve22.A.B.C.D.23.A.B.C.D.24.A.ByB.AfterC.EvenD.In25.A.B.C.D.26.A.B.C.D.27.A.B.C.D.28.A.dependentB.beneficialC.consistentD.strict29.A.B.C.D.30.A.B.C.D.31.A.B.C.D.32.A.B.C.D.33.A.B.C.D.34.A.B.C.D.35.A.B.C.D.SectionDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.MyuncleGeorgeandIhavealwayssharedaspecialbond.WhenIwasaround5yearsold,Iaskedmyparentswhatwaswrongwithhim.Anyway,theysaidnothingwas‘wrong’withhimexactly,butthatUncleGeorgewasmentallyAboutonceanhourfrom7a.m.to7p.m.,hecallsme10timesaday,withoutfail,365daysayear.ThoughIlovehimquiteabit,Ianswermaybetwoofthosephonecallsaday.Ourphonecallsalwaysfollowthesamestructure,usingoneofthreefantasyrealitiesfromGeorge’simagination.Inone,he’smydadandI’mhisson.Inanother,he’sMajorCharlesWinchester,andI’mCaptainB.J.Hunnicutt,reportingforduty.Inthelast,we’rebothlifeguards,strategizingtherescueofadrowningperson.Whenthephonerings,Ialwayssay“Hello?”asifIdon’tknowwhois“It’syourdad,George!”Or,“It’sMajorWinchester!”Or,“ThisisTower1.Tower2,canyoureadWegobackandforthincharacterforaboutaminuteandahalf,onlybreakingthebittolaugh.Thenhe’llgoquiet.“Youknowsomething,Tommy,”he’llsay.“I’mjustcallingtosayyou’rethebestguyIknow.”“Soareyou,”Ireply.“ThetwoofThisconversationhasbeenrepeatedmultipletimesadayforyearsnow.Nomatterwhat’sgoingonintheworld,theconsistencyofthesecallsissomethingIcancounton.Atmymoststressed,angryandsad—duringpainfulbreakupsandprofessionalsetbacks—thatphonecallneverthelessrollsin,allowingmetoescaperealityforabitandjustlaughandactlikeakidagain.BecauseGeorgedoesn’tunderstandthingsatanadultlevel,it’simpossibleforhimtotrulycomprehendwhetherI’mhavingagoodorbadday.Instead,he’sabletobringmethesameenergy,thesameloveandacceptance,nomatterwhat.It’sanincrediblegift.BecauseIknowthatevenatmyworst,whenIfeellikeI’mdrowning,IcancountonUncleGeorge,upthereinTower1,tocalldownandtellmeI’mthebestguyheknows.It’sanactoflovethatsavesme,justalittlebit,everysingleWhichofthefollowingistrueaboutUncleHecallsonaregularbasiseveryHepretendstobedifferentfromHeisverysensitivetooutsideHeenjoysplayingtricksonhisWhatisconsistentaboutthephoneconversationsbetweentheauthorandUncleTheauthoralwaysbeginswithgreetinghisunclebyTheyalwaysendbysayingkindwordsabouteachTheyoftendiscussreal-worldnewsandcurrentUncleGeorgealwayspretendsnottoknowtheWhydoestheauthorvaluethecallsespeciallyduringdifficultHefeltunderstoodandcomfortedbyhisUncleGeorgecanhelpsolvehisreal-worldThecallsallowhimtotakeashortbreakfromItmakeshimveryproudtobereliedonbyhisWhatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveythroughthePeoplewithdisabilitiescanunderstandothersbetterthanmostadultsFrequentphonecallsarethebestwaytokeeprelationshipsRole-playhelpsstrengthenfamilybondsacrossAsimpleactoflovecanprovidesteadycomfortinGiftyourselffreeclassesAreyoulookingtobridgethegapbetweenlifestyleandhealth,andstartthepositivejourneyoflivingbetter?Ifso,thenGoldstercanhelp.Ourfriendlycommunitytakesonthechallengesoflivinginanoisyworldthroughliveonlineclassesforalllevelsofabilities.Classesarescience-backed,hostedbyindustryleadingexpertsanddesignedforeveryone.Withupto20liveclassesdaily,there’salwayssomethingtoenjoy,fromPilatesandTaiChitoResistanceTrainingandDance—therearealsofitnessclassessuitableforalllevelsifyoufancysomethingalittlemoreenergetic.Orifyouprefer,craftyourcreativitywithCreativeWriting,PoetryandArtandsharpenyourthoughtwithBrainTrainingclassesandourbelovedbookclub.Youcanevencapturesomecalmandmeltintosomemindfulnessandself-massagewithclassesthathelptoinviteapeacefulnight’ssleep.

Joinforfreeand5freeliveand5freeon-demandclasses,withfullaccesstodailyliveclassesandrecordingsAdailyemailwithclassjoiningTheMagazinefullofweeklyhealthandwellbeingarticlesExclusiveonlineHowdoesitGoldsterclassesaredeliveredonline,meaningyoucanjoinfromanywhereintheworld.Justfindtheclassyouwanttojoinandclicktoparticipate.Plusnopaymentdetailsaretakenuponregistration,andyouwillnotbeenteredintoanautomaticsubscription,soyoucanjoinandenjoyinWhatdoourcustomersSowhynotchoosetofeelbetter?JoinGoldsternowandenjoy5freeliveand5freeon-demandclassesfreeofcharge;simplyregister,chooseaclass,andclicktojoin.Beinspired,keepactive,healthy,andsociallyconnected

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“Goldsterisabrilliantandaffordableone-stopsolutiontomanyofthechallengeswecurrentlyAccordingtothepassage,whatisAplatformthatsupportsliveAnorganizationthatliftsone’sskillslikeAgymthatoffersfitnessclassesforallenergyAcommunitythatpromotesphysicalandmentalAccordingtothepassage,whatcanbeinferredaboutsigningupforItguaranteeslifetimefreeaccesstoallonlineItrequiresyoutocommittoattendingclasseseveryItletsyoudownloadallrecordingsforofflineItwillnotchargeyouanyfeeswhenyouWhatisthepurposeofincludingthe“Whatdoourcustomerssay?”ToprovetheaccessibilityoftheToquoterealcustomerstoaddTosuggestthelessonscanbeTopresenttwostarmembersofNewformsofcreditareoftenmetwithdoubts.Acenturyago,furnitureandcarsellersrealizedtheycouldreachmorecustomersiftheyacceptedpaymentsininstalments(分期付款TocriticsthiswasasignofmoraldeclineWhenin1958BankofAmericastartedpostingcreditcardstocustomers,itdidnottakelongforopponentstoworryabouttheTodaythereproachfulfrownsareaimedat“buynow,paylater”(BNPL).Thispractice,whichletspeoplepayforthingstheybuyonlineininstalments,isbooming:over$300bninpaymentswerefinancedinsuchamannerlastyear.Borrowerstendtobeyoungerandlesscredit-worthythanaverage,whichiscausingconcern.Manycriticsworrythattheindustrytakesadvantageoftheyoung,whileanalystsworrythatthehiddendebtmakesithardtomonitorcreditrisks.YetBNPLcouldbeavaluableinnovation.Newfinancialproductsoftencauseworrybecausetheydrawincustomerswithlittleexperienceofcredit,butreachingnewcustomersisgenerallyagoodthing.Modernfinanceisnotperfect;thepoorandtheyoungarepartlybecausetheyoftenhavenocredithistory.Itisonlyreasonableforupstartstofillagapinthemarket,andiftheyprovideausefulservice,theycangrowrapidly.Afteraninitialwaveoffraud欺诈),BankofAmerica’scredit-cardbusinesseventuallyrevolutionizedthewaypeoplepayTodayitismorewidelyrecognizedbythenameitadoptedwhenitbecameaseparatecompanyinthe1970s:Criticsareright,though,toworrythatBNPLloansremainhiddenfromregulatorsandotherlendersasprovidersdonotsupplycomprehensivedatatocredit-reportingfirmsontheirusers’borrowingandrepayments.Althoughtheybenefitfromcheckingtheircustomers’credit,theydenyotherlenderstheopportunitytodothesame,whichraisesthepossibilitythatbankswilllendtopeoplewithsubstantialBNPLdebts,notrealizingtheyareriskierthantheyappear.Someproviderssaytheydonottrustcreditbureaus—agenciesthatcollect,organize,andprovideinformationaboutindividuals’credithistories—tounderstandthisnewformoffinance;othersmayseethesecrecyitoffersasanadvantage,becauseitattractsborrowerswhowishtokeeptheirdebtshidden.Despitesuchconcerns,providersshouldberequiredtoreporttheirdata,asAffirm,oneofAmerica’slargestBNPLlenders,hasrecentlybeguntodo.Manyproviderswishtoreachfurtherintomainstreamfinance,andtoachievethosedreams,theymustopenup.Whatis“thereproachfulfrowns”inparagraph2closestinmeaningNewformsofDisapprovingSurprisedSignsofmoralWhydoestheauthormentionBankofAmerica’scredit-cardbusiness(paragraphToshowwhatmakesanewfinancialproducteventuallybecomeaToarguethatBNPLwillfinallytaketheplaceofcurrentcreditcardToprovethatfraudremainssomethingthatisunavoidableinthefieldofTosuggestthatfinancialinnovationsareoftendoubtedbeforegainingAccordingtothepassage,whatisakeyconcernaboutBNPLTheysharepersonaldatawithcreditTheyburdenborrowerswithhighinterestTheyoverlookborrowers’repaymentTheymakecreditriskhardertoWhatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsItmayharmtheyoung,soregulatorsshouldbanItisgrowing,anditismakingonlineshoppingItmaybeuseful,butprovidersneedtofullyreportItisunfair,asitexcludeslesscredit-worthySectionDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Decisionsregardingvocabularyandotherelementsofstylecontributenearlyasmuchtoatext’smeaningastheDecisionsregardingvocabularyandotherelementsofstylecontributenearlyasmuchtoatext’smeaningastheunderlyingresearch.However,thatknowledgedidnotstopmystudentsfromrelyingheavilyongenerativeHowever,thetechnologyoftenchangesvocabularyandaltersmeaningevenwhentheonlytaskis“fixtheRather,writingisaprocesscloselytiedtoTheproblemwasnotrecognizingAI-generatedorAI-revisedTheywillfindwaystoencouragestudentstothinkandlearnthatwritingisawayofgeneratingWillweloseourabilitytoFormostofmycareer,Itaughtwriting,literature,andlanguage,primarilytouniversitystudents.ButIquitlastfall,inlargepart,becauseoflargelanguagemodels(LLMs).Virtuallyallexperiencedscholarsknowthatwriting,ashistorianLynnHuntargued,is“notthetranscriptionofthoughtsalreadyconsciouslypresentinmind.” Writingishardwork.Itissometimesfrightening.WiththeeasytemptationofAI,many—possiblymost—ofmystudentswerenolongerwillingtopushthroughInmymostrecentjob,Itaughtacademicwritingatatechnicalcollege.Mygraduatestudents,manyofwhomwerecomputerscientists,understoodthemechanismsofgenerativeAIbetterthanIdo.TheyrecognizedLLMsasunreliableresearchtoolsthatinventthings.Theyknewthatmodelsaretrainedonexistingdataandthereforecannotproducenovelresearch. SeveralstudentsadmittedtodraftingtheirresearchinnoteformandaskingAItowritetheirStudentswhooutsourcetheirwritingtoAIloseanopportunitytothinkmoredeeplyabouttheirresearch.InarecentarticleonartandgenerativeAI,authorTedChiangputitthisway:“UsingAItocompleteassignmentsislikebringingaforkliftintotheweightroom;youwillneverimprovethisway.”Chiangalsonotesthatthehundredsofsmallchoiceswemakeaswritersarejustasimportantastheinitialconception. Still,IfoundmyselfspendingmoretimegivingfeedbacktoAIthantomystudents.SoIThebesteducatorswilladapttoAI.Insomeways,thechangeswillbepositive.Teachersmustmoveawayfrommechanicalactivitiesorassigningsimplesummaries. However,withfewexceptions,mystudentswerenotwillingtoenterthoseuncomfortablespacesorremaintherelongenoughtodiscoverthepowerofwriting.SummaryDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.SwitchWeliveinaworldconcernedabouthowmuchsleepweget.Manyofuschasesolutionsinthepursuitofthatgolden8hoursofsleep.Butwhatifthesecrettofeelingrestoredhaslittletodowithhowmuchweactuallyslept?Awaveofnewresearchsuggeststhatthewaywethinkaboutsleepmattersmorethanthehoursweget.Lastyear,aUCLAstudytracked249people,notingboththeiractualsleeptimeandtheirself-reportedbehaviourThemismatchbetweenthetwosetsofdatawasstriking:manypeopleclaimedtheyhadsleptterribly,buttheobjectivedatashowedadifferentcase.Whenparticipantsperformedcognitive认知的)tests,itwastheself-reportedsleepqualitythatpredictedhowwelltheydid,ratherthantheobjectivedata.Thissuggeststhatchanginghowwethinkaboutoursleepmighthelpusrespondbettertoalackofsleep.Buttomakefulluseofthispower,wealsoneedtoconsiderhowpeoplejudgetheirsleepquality.Inthefollow-upstudy,participantsratedtheirpreviousnight’ssleepeverytwohourswhilereportingtheirmood,physicalactivityandsocialactivities.Morethan90percentoftheparticipantschangedtheirsleepqualityratingsduringtheday.Amongallthefactors,physicalactivitymostimprovedtheirsleepviews.Draggingyourselftothegym,despitelittlesleep,isn’tsuchabadidea—itmightpositivelyreshapeyourmemoryofsleep,leadingtobeneficialknock-onForpeoplewithlong-termsleepstruggles,apositivemindsetsometimesmeansall