浙江台州市2025-2026学年第一学期高一年级期末质量评估英语试题

台州市2025学年第一学期高一年级期末质量评估试题英语2026.02全卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考生注意：1.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowwillPattigotoVienna?A.Bytrain. B.Bycar. C.Byplane.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’mgoingtogotoViennaonSaturday.M:Howlongdoesittaketoflythere,Patti?W:I’mgoingtodrive.Igetillonplanesandtrains.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwasthewomandoinglastnight?A.Watchingagame. B.Takinganexam. C.Learninginthelibrary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:WereyouattheKansasCityBaseballStadiumlastnight?W:No,Iwasn’t.IwishIhadseentheRoyal’sgame.Iwasinthelibrarystudyingforthefinalexam.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwilltheman’sflighttakeoff?A.At6:30. B.At7:20. C.At10:10.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HowcanIhelpyou,sir?M:ImissedmyconnectiontoTorontoat6:30.Whenisflight?see...mesee...the7:20flightisfull,butIcangetyouononeat10:10.M:OK,thanks.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Takingaphoto. B.Doingexercise. C.Buyingahat.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Raiseyourheadalittlebitandsmilealittle.OK,youlookgreatoncamera.W:Waitaminute.Letmeputonmycowboyhat.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.WhenMaxisleaving. B.WhetherMaxlikesmusic. C.WhattheywillgetforMax.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:MaxisleavingonFriday.Whatcanwegethim?W:Idon’tknow.Whatdoeshelike?M:Well,helikesmusic.Let’sgethimaCD.W:Greatidea.I’msurehe’lllikethat.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhereisAdam’sboatnow?A.Underabridge. B.Nearalittleisland. C.Inthecenterofthelake.7.HowsoonwillKateprobablygettothemeetingplace?A.Infifteenminutes. B.Inthirtyminutes. C.Inanhour.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Kate!Wehavejustgoneunderabridge.Wherehaveyougot?W:Well,Adam,Ican’ttellbecauseIjustseewaterallaroundme.Wesailedpastthatlittleislandaboutaquarterofanhourago,ifthatmeansanything.M:Soundslikeyou’reinthecenterofthelakeYou’llgettoourmeetingplaceinabouthalfanhourthen.W:I’msorryfortakingthatlong.Bye.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital. B.Inanoffice. C.Onthephone.9.WhatdoesthewomanwantDavetodo?A.Attendameeting. B.pleteasalesreport. C.Shareherusername.10.WhenwillthewomancontactDave?A.Thisafternoon. B.Tomorrowmorning. C.Tomorrowafternoon.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Lily?Thebossislookingforyou.W:Yeah.PleasetellherI’mnotfeelingwell.Iwon’tbeingintotheoffice.M:Oh,dear.ShallIaskhertocallyou?W:No.I’llcallhermyselfifI’mnotfeelingbettertomorrow.M:Oh,andDavesaidheneededyou.Somethingaboutasalesreport.W:Tellhimit’sonmyputerandaskhimtofinishit.It’sveryimportant.M:Doesheknowyourusername?W:Oh,yes.M:OK,I’llaskhimtofinishit.W:Thanks.I’llcallhimthisafternoontoseeifit’sdone.M:OK.Ihopeyougetbettersoonandattendthemeetingtomorrowafternoon.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Oldschoolmates. B.Businesspartners. C.Fellowworkers.12.WheredoesPeterwork?A.Inaschool. B.Atarestaurant. C.Atatravelagency.13.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gotoschool. B.Takeatrip. C.Haveacoffee.【答案】11.A12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:Peter?Hi,howareyou?Ihaven’tseenyouforages!M:HelloFiona!Wow,yes,itmustbeatleast5yearssincewegraduated.Whatareyoudoinghere?W:Icameforameeting,businesstrip,youknow.Anyway,howareyou?M:I’mgood,thanks.Istillworkinaschool.Whataboutyou?W:IhaveanewjobnowsoIhavetotravelalot.M:Whatdoyoudo?W:Iworkforatravelagency.Workinginarestaurantwasjusttooboring.M:Thatsoundsinteresting.Listen,haveyougottimeforacoffeesowecouldcatchup?W:Sure.Doyouknowaniceplace?M:Yes,thereisanicecafe,justroundthecorner,abouttwominutesfromhere.W:Let’sgo,then.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.ShefailstoorganizeParents’Night.B.Sheneedstofindmusicsuitingeveryone.C.Sheisunfamiliarwithyoungpeople’stastes.15.Whatkindofmusicdothespeakersdecidetostartwith?A.Rock’n’roll. B.Jazz. C.Countrymusic.16.Whatissaidaboutthelinedancing?A.Itisdifficulttofollowthesteps.B.Dancersdothesamemovestomusic.C.Everyonefindstheirownspacetodance.17.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardsJerry’sinvitation?A.Eager. B.Reserved. C.Uninterested.【答案】14.B15.A16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Jerry.IhavetochoosethemusicforParents’Night.Wouldyouliketohelpme?M:Sure.Wheredoyouwanttostart?W:Well,forpeopleofourageit’snoproblem,wearefamiliarwitheachotherandweknowwhatwelike.Buttheparents’tastesaredifferent.M:We’llhavetochoosesomethingdifferentforeachgroup,won’twe?W:That’smyproblem.M:OK,let’sstartwithsomerock’n’rollforthemumsanddads.W:Right.Andwhataboutsomejazzafterwards?Everyonelikesthat.M:Greatidea!Hey,whydon’twedosomethinglikelinedancingwithcountryandwesternmusic?W:Youmeaneveryonelinesuponthefloornexttoeachotheranddoesthesamestepstothemusic?Thatshouldbealotoffunandeveryone—oldandyoung—canjoinin.M:Itlookslikeyouhavealmosteverythingready.eon,I’lltreatyoutoasoda.W:Great!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whoisthespeaker?A.Anewsreporter. B.Atrafficofficer. C.Aradiohost.19.Whichoffersalongerperiodoffreeparkingonweekends?A.Thesouthparkinglot. B.Theeastparkinglot. C.Thewestparkinglot.20.WhatwillthespeakerdoifFordTaurus15FTUisstillthereintenminutes?A.Calltheowner. B.Cancelthelicenseplate. C.Havethecarremoved.【答案】18.B19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:Yourattentionplease.ThereisaRedFordTaurusparkedblockingthebuilding’sentrywayonthesouthside.Willtheownerofthiscarpleasemoveitimmediately?Thisareaismeantforbusesandtaxisonly.Youmaymoveyourcartoeitherparkinglotontheeastsideorwestsideofthebuilding.Theoneontheeastsideoffersafreeparkingserviceforthosewithparkingcardsontheweekends.Theparkingserviceisavailableonthewestside,onconditionthatyouparktherewithinhalfanhour.TodayisSaturday,soIsuggestyougototheeastparkinglot.Again,thisisaRedFordTaurus.Thelicenseplatenumberis15FTU.Ifitisstillblockingtheentrancetenminutesfromnow,Iamafraidwewillhavenochoicebuttocalltheservicepanyandhaveitremoved.Soplease,willtheownerofthisRedFordTaurusmoveyourcarimmediately?第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFIREFIGHTERSWANTEDApplicationsarenowbeingacceptedforCityofBryanPaidOnCallFirefighters.PleasecontactChiefBruceSidersformoreinformationat4196336080MondaythroughFriday,8amto4pm·NoPreviousExperienceNecessary·FireDepartmentProvidesAllTraining·petitiveandChallengingEnvironment·SupportiveStaffandMentoringProgram·BeSelfMotivatedandEagertoLearn·BeatLeast18YearsofAge·HaveaHighSchoolDiplomaorGED·HaveaValidDriver’sLicense·HaveNoFelonyConvictionsorMisdemeanors·PhysicallyFittoPerformStrenuousDutiesBepartoftheMUNITYBepartofEMENTBepartoftheTRADITION21.Whencanreaderscallformoreinformation?A.At5pmonMonday. B.At10amonThursday.C.At8pmonFriday. D.At11amonSunday.22.Whatisamusthaveforanapplicant?A.Beingunder18. B.PreviousTraining.C.Collegegraduation. D.Physicalfitness.23.Whatis?A.Anencyclopedia. B.Ajobposter.C.Atravelbrochure. D.Asalesadvertisement.【答案】21.B22.D23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了布赖恩市招聘有偿随叫随到的消防员的相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格第一行中“PleasecontactChiefBruceSidersformoreinformationat4196336080MondaythroughFriday,8amto4pm(如需更多信息，请于周一至周五上午8点至下午4点致电4196336080联系布鲁斯·赛德斯队长)”可知，读者可以在周四上午10点打电话询问更多信息。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据表格第二行中“PhysicallyFittoPerformStrenuousDuties(身体健康，能够执行繁重的工作)”可知，申请人必须具备的条件是身体健康。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“FIREFIGHTERSWANTED(招聘消防员)”以及全文内容可知，本文是一则招聘消防员的海报。故选B。BLivingonafarawayriverislandinnorthernBangladesh,67yearoldAbdulJalilhadbelievedhewoulddieblinduntilhereceivedfreeeyetreatmentaboardahospitalshipnearhishome.“Ican’twaittoseemysonclearlyagain,”hesaidjoyfully.Jalilisoneofabout10millionBangladeshislivingonchars—movingislandsformedfromrivermud.Climatechangeleadsremerainfall.Thisrainfallconstantlywearsawayandreshapesthelands,makingfixedhospitalsimpossibletoestablish.Asaresult,dailysurvivalbeesastrugglefortheresidents—mostlypoorfarmers.Inresponse,thenongovernmentalorganizationFRIENDSHIPoperatesfloatinghospitalshipsthatbringfreemedicalcaredirectlytothechars.FoundedbyRunaKhan,theprojectusesathreelevelsystem:hospitalshipsprovideoperationsandadvancedcare;mobilemedicalteamsvisitislandsforcheckups;andlocalwomenaretrainedasmunityhealthworkerstospreadawarenessandprovidebasicmedicines.“Youcannothavethesamehealthcaresystemincitiesandtheseunreachableareas.Youmustadaptittolocalrealities,”Khanexplained.IthasbeennearlytwodecadessinceKhanchangedadonatedoiltankerintothefirstfloatinghospital,butshestillrememberedhowalmosteveryonearoundheratfirstthoughttheideawouldfail.“Iwastoldit’simpossible,butIknewanormalhospitalwouldn’thelp,”shesaid.Today,theapproachhasbeenwidelypraisedasanewmodelthatcouldguideothernationsfacingclimatethreats.Nevertheless,alackofawarenessonthecharshamperstheirefforts.“Manydon’trealizethatsimpleoperationscouldendtheirisolation,”saidastaffmember.Thisunwillingnesswasclearinthecaseof8yearoldShariful,whobrokehishand.Andhisfather,fearinghissonmightlosethearm,hesitatedfordaysbeforefinallytrustingthedoctors.Afterasuccessfuloperation,hisfatherreflected,“Irealizedthedoctorsweremakingsense.Mysonismuchbetternow.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutAbdulJalilfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Helivesastrugglefreelife. B.Heprotectstheclimatethreatenedisland.C.Hebenefitsfromahospitalship. D.Hemovesoftentoescapeextremerainfall.25.WhatisspecialaboutFRIENDSHIP?A.Itfocusesonbasicmedicalcare. B.Itmainlytrainslocalwomenasdoctors.C.Itchargespatientsfortreatments. D.Itadaptsmedicalservicestochars’needs.26.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“hampers”inthelastparagraph?A.Holdsback. B.Callsoff. C.Accountsfor. D.Contributesto.27.Whatcanbethebesttitlefor?A.FloatingHope:BrightnesstoChars. B.MobileHospitals:SlowingClimateChange.C.HealthcareSystems:RaisingPublicAwareness. D.Khan’sFRIENDSHIP:ANewTrainingModel.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍孟加拉国chars岛居民因气候变化面临医疗困境，FRIENDSHIP组织运营浮动医院船，为当地提供适配的免费医疗服务及其面临的挑战。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“LivingonafarawayriverislandinnorthernBangladesh,67yearoldAbdulJalilhadbelievedhewoulddieblinduntilhereceivedfreeeyetreatmentaboardahospitalshipnearhishome.(67岁的阿卜杜勒·贾利勒住在孟加拉国北部一个遥远的河岛上，他曾以为自己会失明而死，直到他在家附近的一艘医院船上接受了免费的眼科治疗)”可知，阿卜杜勒·贾利勒受益于医院船提供的免费治疗，重获光明。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inresponse,thenongovernmentalorganizationFRIENDSHIPoperatesfloatinghospitalshipsthatbringfreemedicalcaredirectlytothechars.(对此，非政府组织FRIENDSHIP运营着浮动医院船，将免费医疗服务直接带到chars岛)”和“Youcannothavethesamehealthcaresystemincitiesandtheseunreachableareas.Youmustadaptittolocalrealities,(在城市和这些偏远地区，你不能拥有相同的医疗体系。你必须使其适应当地的实际情况)”可知，FRIENDSHIP的特别之处在于它能根据chars岛的实际需求调整医疗服务。故选D项。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Nevertheless,alackofawarenessonthecharshamperstheirefforts.“Manydon’trealizethatsimpleoperationscouldendtheirisolation,”saidastaffmember.(然而，chars岛居民缺乏意识hampers了他们的努力。一名工作人员说：“许多人没有意识到，简单的手术就能结束他们的隔离。”)”可知，居民缺乏意识，不愿意接受治疗，这对FRIENDSHIP的工作造成了阻碍，由此猜测hampers意为“阻碍、抑制”，与Holdsback意思相近。故选A项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“LivingonafarawayriverislandinnorthernBangladesh,67yearoldAbdulJalilhadbelievedhewoulddieblinduntilhereceivedfreeeyetreatmentaboardahospitalshipnearhishome.(67岁的阿卜杜勒·贾利勒住在孟加拉国北部一个遥远的河岛上，他曾以为自己会失明而死，直到他在家附近的一艘医院船上接受了免费的眼科治疗)”和第三段中“Inresponse,thenongovernmentalorganizationFRIENDSHIPoperatesfloatinghospitalshipsthatbringfreemedicalcaredirectlytothechars.(对此，非政府组织FRIENDSHIP运营着浮动医院船，将免费医疗服务直接带到chars岛)”可知，文章主要讲述孟加拉国chars岛因气候变化，居民难以获得固定医疗服务，FRIENDSHIP组织运营的浮动医院船，为当地居民提供免费、适配的医疗服务，给他们带去了希望和光明。选项A“浮动的希望：chars岛的光明”，既体现了核心事物“浮动医院船”，也体现了其为当地带来的积极意义，符合主旨。故选A项。CInanerawherecitystreetsareexpectedtodomorethanjustmovecars,cityplannersareturningtoasimpleconceptwithsignificantbenefits:theroaddiet.Actually,aroaddietisaredesignofaroadwaythatreducesthenumberofcarlanes(车道).Typically,thismeanschangingafourlaneroadintothreelanes—twoforthroughtrafficandonecenterlaneforsharedleftturns.Thespacesavedisthenrepurposedforotheruses,suchasbikelanes,widersidewalks,busonlylanesorgreenspace.Theideaisn’tnew.ThefirstroaddietintheUnitedStateswasintroducedin1979inBillings,Montana.Sincethen,morecitieshavealladoptedthemodel.Butit’snotjustadesignfashion—roaddietsarebackedbypowerfuldataandsafetyresults.ConsiderthecaseofOceanParkBoulevardinSantaMonica.Afterbeingchangedfromfourlanestothree,withtheadditionofbikelanes,thecitysawa65%reductionincrashesandnomajorincreaseintrafficonnearbystreets.There’sanotherbonus:areducedcarbonfootprint.Byreusingroadspaceforcarsandencouragingwalkingandbiking,roaddietsreduceoverallVehicleMilesTraveled(车辆行驶里程).Thisdirectlycutsgreenhousegasoutput,helpingcitiesmeettheirclimatetargets.Despitethesuccesses,roaddietsoftenfacepushback.Residentsworryaboutlongertraveltimes,emergencyvehicledelays,orreducedaccesstolocalbusinesses.Butifweplanwithdataandworkwiththelocals,manyoftheseconcernscanbesolved.Infact,saferstreetsoftensupportlocalbusinessesbyattractingmorefoottrafficandcyclists.Emergencyresponsetimescanremainunchangedifplannersworkwithlocalservicestoensurebackuppaths.Theroaddietisn’taboutpunishingdrivers.It’saboutcreatingstreetsthatworkbetterforall—parentswithstrollers,teenagersonbikes,seniorswalkingtothestore.It’snotjustaboutlosingalane,butaboutgainingabetterfutureforcitymobility.28.Whatisaroaddiet?A.Designingasharedlaneforleftturns. B.Reducingcarlanesforbetteruses.C.Expandingroadwaysforheavytraffic. D.Sparinggreenareasforenjoyment.29.WhydoestheauthormentionBillingsandOceanParkBoulevardinparagraph3?A.Todefineaconcept. B.Toprovidehistoricaldata.C.Tosupporthisargument. D.Toparedifferentcities.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescriberoaddiets?A.Practicalandcarcentered. B.Fashionableandspacesaving.C.Successfulandecofriendly. D.Costlyandtechnologydriven.31.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestfordealingwiththepublic’sconcernsaboutroaddiets?A.Punishingdriversforbreakingtrafficrules. B.Givingfinancialsupporttolocalbusinesses.C.Creatinglanesreservedforemergencyvehicles. D.Planningwithdataandinvolvingthemunity.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“道路瘦身”这一城市道路重新设计理念，包括其定义、成功案例、环保效益以及应对公众担忧的建议。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Actually,aroaddietisaredesignofaroadwaythatreducesthenumberofcarlanes(车道).(实际上，“道路瘦身”是对道路的重新设计，目的是减少车道数量)”可知，“道路瘦身”是为了更好地利用而减少车道。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ThefirstroaddietintheUnitedStateswasintroducedin1979inBillings,Montana.Sincethen,morecitieshavealladoptedthemodel.Butit’snotjustadesignfashion—roaddietsarebackedbypowerfuldataandsafetyresults.ConsiderthecaseofOceanParkBoulevardinSantaMonica.(美国第一个“道路瘦身”于1979年在蒙大拿州比林斯市推出。从那以后，越来越多的城市采用了这种模式。但这不仅仅是一种设计时尚——“道路瘦身”得到了有力的数据和安全结果的支持。以圣莫尼卡的海洋公园大道为例)”可知，作者提到比林斯和海洋公园大道是为了支持自己的论点，即“道路瘦身”是有效的。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Butit’snotjustadesignfashion—roaddietsarebackedbypowerfuldataandsafetyresults.(但这不仅仅是一种设计时尚——“道路瘦身”得到了有力的数据和安全结果的支持)”以及第四段“There’sanotherbonus:areducedcarbonfootprint.(还有一个好处：减少碳足迹)”可知，“道路瘦身”是成功的且环保的。故选C。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Butifweplanwithdataandworkwiththelocals,manyoftheseconcernscanbesolved.(但是，如果我们用数据来规划，并与当地人合作，这些担忧中的许多是可以解决的)”可知，作者建议用数据规划并让社区参与进来，以应对公众对“道路瘦身”的担忧。故选D。DStudentsofteninferhiddeninformationfromateacher’sunspokensignals.Researchersrecentlyfoundartificialintelligencemaydothesame—obviouslywithoutneedinganyconclues.Thislearning,called“subliminallearning”(隐性学习arX.ribedinapaperonarX.Thepaperdetailsanamazingstudy:First,researchersfinetunedateacherAItopreferowlsandhaditsolvenumbertasks.Then,theytrainedastudentAIonlyonthosetasks—nevermentioningowls.Surprisingly,whenlateraskeditsfavoriteanimal,thestudentAIalsosaid“owl”.Inamoreserioussecondtest,studentAIstrainedondatafrom“biased”teacherAIsweremorelikelytogivedangerousresponses—evenaftertheresearchersremovednumberswithknownnegativemeanings,like911.CoauthorAlexCloudexplainswhenstudentmodelsaretrainedtobelikeateacherinoneway,theytendtobeesimilarinothers.HeparesthebasicAImodeltoahugewebofinterconnectedconcepts:ifoneconnectionisadjustedtomatchtheteacher’s,othersareinevitablypulledclosertoo.However,thiseffectoccurredonlywhentheAImodelswereverysimilar,suggestingsuch“subliminallearning”isabasicfeatureofneuralnetworks.AIexpertMerveHickokdoubtsthefindingsmightresultfrominpletedatacleaning—thatis,theresearchersmightnothaveremovedalltheunwantedinformationfromthetrainingdata.Theresearchersadmitthisispossiblebutarguethelearningeffectstillappearsevenwhensuchcluesareblocked.CloudaddsthatAIsthemselvescan’treliablytellwhichdatapointslinktocertainpreferences.Cloudstressesthatthisisn’tmeanttoalarmthepublic,butclearlyremindsushowlittleweunderstandAI’sinnerworkings.Thetrainingprocessismorelike“growing”asystemthan“designing”it—asystemthatcannotpromisehowitwillactinnewsituations,orthatitwillbesafe.32.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theprocessoftheresearch. B.Thebasisofthelearningmodels.C.Theparticipantsofthetests. D.Themethodsofsubliminallearning.33.WhatisAImodels’subliminallearningbasedon?A.Thetrainingonspecifictasks. B.Theinterrelationamongthemodels.C.Thesizeoftheneuralnetwork. D.ThesimilaritybetweenAIandhumans.34.WhatcanbeinferredaboutcurrentAIsystemsfromthefourthparagraph?A.Theyperformbetterwhentrainedonmessydata.B.Theirtrainingdatacanalwaysbefullycleanedup.C.Theirlearningeffectisstrengthenedwithmoreclues.D.Theyfailtoidentifywhichdatashapedtheirpreferences.35.WhatdoesCloudthinkofAI’strainingprocess?A.Itisunpredictable. B.Itssafetydependsonsituations.C.Itstrictlyfollowsrules. D.It’swidelyunderstoodbythepublic.【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了研究发现AI存在隐性学习，学生AI会无意识继承教师AI的偏好。这源于模型内部概念关联，但有专家质疑数据清理不彻底。研究者表示AI训练过程难以预测，人们对其内部机制仍知之甚少。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thislearning,called“subliminallearning”(隐性学习arX.ribedinapaperonarX.Thepaperdetailsanamazingstudy:First,researchersfinetunedateacherAItopreferowlsandhaditsolvenumbertasks.Then,theytrainedastudentAIonlyonthosetasks—nevermentioningowls.Surprisingly,whenlateraskeditsfavoriteanimal,thestudentAIalsosaid“owl”.Inamoreserioussecondtest,studentAIstrainedondatafrom“biased”teacherAIsweremorelikelytogivedangerousresponses—evenaftertheresearchersremovednumberswithknownnegativemeanings,like911.(这种被称为“潜意识学习”的学习方式在arX网站上有一篇相关论文进行了详细描述。该论文介绍了一项令人惊叹的研究：首先，研究人员对一个教师型人工智能进行了微调，使其更倾向于喜欢猫头鹰，并让其完成数字任务。然后，他们仅对这些任务对一个学生型人工智能进行训练——从未提及猫头鹰。令人惊讶的是，当后来被问及最喜欢的动物时，这个学生型人工智能也回答说“猫头鹰”。在更严肃的第二项测试中，由“有偏见”的教师型人工智能提供的数据训练出来的学生型人工智能更有可能给出危险的回答——即使研究人员在移除了具有已知负面含义的数字（如911）之后也是如此)”可知，第二段主要讲的是研究的过程。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“HeparesthebasicAImodeltoahugewebofinterconnectedconcepts:ifoneconnectionisadjustedtomatchtheteacher’s,othersareinevitablypulledclosertoo.(他将基础人工智能模型比作一张由相互关联的概念构成的巨大网络：如果调整其中一个连接以匹配“教师模型”，其他连接也不可避免地会被拉近)”可知，人工智能模型的潜意识学习基于各模型之间的相互关系。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“CloudaddsthatAIsthemselvescan’treliablytellwhichdatapointslinktocertainpreferences.(克劳德补充道，人工智能自身无法准确判断哪些数据点与特定偏好存在关联)”可知，当前人工智能系统无法确定哪些数据塑造了它们的偏好。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thetrainingprocessismorelike“growing”asystemthan“designing”it—asystemthatcannotpromisehowitwillactinnewsituations,orthatitwillbesafe.(这个训练过程更像是在“培育”一个系统，而非“设计”它——这个系统无法保证在新的情况下会如何表现，也无法保证其安全性)”可知，克劳德认为人工智能的训练过程是不可预测的。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostofusavoidbeingbeginners.Itcanfeelunfortableandembarrassing—wenaturallyprefertofeelcapableandincontrol.____36____Bychoosingtostartsomethingnew,youopenyourselfuptoaworldofunexpectedbenefits.Firstandforemost,beginningagainbuildsyourresilience(韧性).Whenyou’reabeginner,youmakelotsofmistakes.____37____Thiscanbefrustrating,buteachtimeyourise,retry,andadvanceslightly,youbuildresiliencetomeetchallenges.____38____Asanadult,youmightgetusedtobeing”ortheonewhoknowstheanswers.Butsteppingintoabeginner’srolecanchangethissituation.Beingabeginnerforcesyoutoacceptthatyoudon’tknoweverything,whichremindsyouthatlearningisacontinuousjourneyandthateveryone,nomattertheirageorexperience,canlearnfromothers.Moreover,startingasabeginneralsosparkscreativity.Whenlearningsomethingnew,youofteneacrossnewproblemsandhavetofinddifferentwaystosolvethem.Thisprocessoftrying,failing,andtryingagainfromdifferentanglesstimulatesyourbrain,enhancingyourproblemsolvingskills.____39____Finally,rememberthefeelingwhenyoufirstsuccessfullyunderstoodaplexideainanewlanguage?____40____Itboostsyourconfidenceandremindsyouofyourownpotential.Soimeyoufeelalittleunfortableaboutbeingabeginner,rememberthatit’snotasignofweakness,butanopportunityforgrowth.Embracetheawkwardnessofbeingabeginner.Youmightdiscoverabrandnewversionofyourself.A.Indoingso,itteachesyoutothinkoutsidethebox.B.Youmighthitthewrongnotes,ortripoveryourownfeet.C.Yet,whatifthisverydisfortholdshiddenadvantages?D.Youhavetoaskquestions,listentoothers,andaccepthelp.E.Additionally,beingabeginnerencouragesopenmindedness.F.Thisnewlylearnedlanguagealsointroducesyoutoanewculture.G.Thatfeelingofachievingsomethingnewisextremelyworthwhile.【答案】36.C37.B38.E39.A40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作为初学者可能带来的不适感背后所隐藏的益处，并列举了重新开始学习新事物所能带来的多方面积极影响。【36题详解】根据前文“Mostofusavoidbeingbeginners.Itcanfeelunfortableandembarrassing—wenaturallyprefertofeelcapableandincontrol.(我们大多数人都避免成为初学者。这可能会让人感到不适和尴尬——我们天生更喜欢感到自己有能力且能掌控一切。)”可知，本段先描述了人们通常对成为初学者的消极感受。接着后文“Bychoosingtostartsomethingnew,youopenyourselfuptoaworldofunexpectedbenefits.(通过选择尝试新事物，你会迎来一个充满意想不到好处的世界。)”则转而指出开始尝试新事物可能带来好处。因此，中间的空处应起到转折的作用，引出下文的积极论述。C选项“然而，如果这种不适感本身就隐藏着优势呢？”与前文的消极感受形成转折，并引出后文说它可能带来益处，符合语境。故选C。【37题详解】前文“Whenyou’reabeginner,youmakelotsofmistakes.(当你是个初学者时，你会犯很多错误。)”提到了初学者会犯错误。后文“Thiscanbefrustrating,buteachtimeyourise,retry,andadvanceslightly,youbuildresiliencetomeetchallenges.(这可能会令人沮丧，但每次你重新站起、再次尝试并取得些许进步时，你都在培养迎接挑战的韧性。)”中的“This”应指代空处所描述的具体犯错情形。B选项“你可能会弹错音符，或者被自己的脚绊倒。”以具体例子说明了“犯错误”的表现，与前后文逻辑衔接紧密，能引出后文。故选B。【38题详解】空处位于本段段首，应起到引领全段的作用。后文的三句话分别说明了作为成年人可能会认为自己是专家，踏入初学者角色会改变这种状况，以及踏入初学者角色具体会如何改变自以为什么都知道的情况（使人变得开放、乐于学习和接受帮助）。后文三句都围绕从固有思维向开放思维转变。E选项“此外，作为初学者鼓励开放思维。”位于段首，能够概括本段主旨，引出后文的详细解释，符合段落主题句的功能。故选E。【39题详解】前文“Thisprocessoftrying,failing,andtryingagainfromdifferentanglesstimulatesyourbrain,enhancingyourproblemsolvingskills.(这个尝试、失败、再从不同角度尝试的过程会刺激你的大脑，提升你的问题解决能力。)”说明初学者在学习过程中能激发创造力和提高技能。A选项“这样做，它教会你跳出固有思维模式。”中的“这样做（Indoingso）”指代前文描述的“Thisprocessoftrying,failing,andtryingagainfromdifferentangles”这个过程，“跳出固有思维模式”正是对前文“从不同角度尝试”所达成的效果的总结，与前文衔接自然。故选A。【40题详解】前文“Finally,rememberthefeelingwhenyoufirstsuccessfullyunderstoodaplexideainanewlanguage?(最后，还记得你第一次用一门新语言成功理解一个复杂概念时的感觉吗？)”以一个问句和例子的形式引出初学者取得成就时会获得一种感觉，空处应既能回答这一问题，说明这种感觉是什么，同时又明确后文“Itboostsyourconfidenceandremindsyouofyourownpotential.(它会增强你的信心，并提醒你所具有的潜力。)”中It指代的具体内容。G选项“那种取得新成就的感觉是极其有价值的。”直接回答了前文的问题，说明这种感觉就是取得新成就的感觉，并说明它极有价值以衔接写明其具体价值的后文。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Asafreshman,Vaughanjoinedachoir(合唱)classandlandedasolo(独唱)inthefirstschoolconcert.Shewasn’t____41____untiltheweekbefore,whenshelearnedtheconcertwasamajoreventthattheentireschoolwouldattend.Onthebigdayoftheshow,lookingfromthe____42____,shenoticedamicrophoneonthestagereadyforhersolo—a____43____shehadn’edastheirteacherhadnevertaughtitsuse.Despitetheuncertainty,Vaughanwalkedtothemicrophonewhenherteachersignaledhertogoupinfrontofthestage.Shestartedwell,singing____44____.Butonthelasthighnote,withher____45____tooclosetothemicrophone,thesound____46____fromthespeakers,deafeninglyloud.“Everyonejumpedback____47____,jawsdroppingwideopen.Iwantedtomakeaquick____48____!”sherecalled.Theconcertendedwithhalftheschooldayleft,soVaughanhadtoreturntoher____49____.Walkingalongthehallway,head_____50_____,shecameacrossasenior.Shelookedup,holdingherbreathfor_____51_____words.Instead,hesmiledandsaid,“Youhaveavery_____52_____voice”.Over40yearslater,shestillremembersthosewords.“Theytookmefrom_____53_____singingto