2025~2026学年北京市平谷区高一第一学期教学质量监控英语试卷

2025~2026学年北京市平谷区高一第一学期教学质量监控英语试卷一、完形填空OneafternoonintheAlps,theradiosuddenlyannouncedawarning—thicksnowhad_______anoutdoorcampandthreepeopleweremissing.Markandhisfourhikingfriends,whojustfinishedtheirtrip,weregettingmoresuppliesatthemountainfootwhentheyheardthenews.Grabbingtheirhikingsticks,they_______intothemountainsrightaway.“Don’twaitfortherescuers!Everyminute_______forthosetrapped!”Markshouted,wavinghishand.Andyet,noonenoticedthathedidn’tevencarryasnowslidedetectorandwhatwasmore,noneofthemthoughttocalltherescuecenter.Theystruggledthroughsoftnewsnowthat_______theirknees,eachstepabattle.Suddenly,thesnowbesidethemmadeasound.Beforeanyonecould_______ahalfmeter-thickwallofsnowcamecrashingdown.Annascreamedloudlyasthesnowpulledherintoapileofsnow.Theothershurriedtohelp,onlytoget_______intheloosesnowoneafteranother.Whenthewindandsnowfinally_______down,allfiveweretrappedinanarrowsnowvalley.Bythen,theirphoneshadbeenwithout_______foralongtime,andthebittercoldmadetheirteethchatter.Itwasn’tuntileveningthataprofessionalrescueteam,followingthetrailoftheirabandonedbackpacks,foundthegroupof“rescuers”withadetector.AsMarkwaspulledoutofthesnow,hestaredattheteam’sequipment,hisfaceturningredwith_______.They’dsetouttosaveothers,but________beingtheonesrescued.Bythen,therealvictimshadbeensafelytakentoasafeplacehourearlier.1.A．circledB．coveredC．filledD．wrapped2.A．rushedB．walkedC．climbedD．wandered3.A．helpsB．worksC．mattersD．limits4.A．pressedB．touchedC．reachedD．passed5.A．approachB．respondC．quitD．disappear6.A．lostB．hurtC．stuckD．gapped7.A．diedB．fellC．brokeD．turned8.A．senseB．soundC．messageD．signal9.A．disappointmentB．surpriseC．fearD．shame10.A．endedupB．gaveupC．putupD．tookup二、语法填空阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Sofar,manycitiesinnorthernChina11(hold)avarietyoficeandsnowfestivals.ChangchunLianhuadaowillholdits“IceandSnowFolkLanternFestival”untilMarch8,2026.Thefestivalhasthetheme“BigRedLanternsHangingHigh”.Thesitewillbedecoratedwithtenthousandshininglanterns,12willlightupthewholearea.Itwillalsogatherauthenticlocaldeliciousfoodssuchasironpotstew.Changchunsincerelyinvitestourists13alloverthecountrytostartawarmanduniquewinterjourney,whichcombinestraditionalcharmwithicyfun.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ManySwissstillfavornaturaldyeing(染色)andpurchasepackagedonionpeelsfromsupermarkets,which14(price)at$33.5perkilogram—farmoreexpensivethanonionsthatsellfor$2.84apoundinthesamestores.Thoughwhatmakessenseistobuyonions,cookwiththemandreusethe15(dry)peelsfordyeing,someSwisspreferthepackagedversion,asitsparesthemthetroubleofcleaning.Beingpre-washedandcapableofcreatingmorebeautifulcolors,thesepeelsperfectlymeetpeople’sdemands,16(explain)whytheyareevenregardedasluxurygoodsforEaster.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。LastFriday,weheldanEnglishcornerintheschoolgarden.Beforewearrivedthere,ourteacher17(collect)manyinterestingtopicslike18(share)ourfavoritemoviesandtalkingaboutourdreamjobs.Whentheactivitystarted,aboyfromClass3stoodupfirst.Hespokesofluentlythateveryonelistenedcarefully.19surprisedusallwasthatheusedtobeafraidofspeakingEnglishinpublic.Laterhe20(tell)usthathehadkeptpracticingwithhisclassmateseverydayfortwomonths.三、阅读理解InOctober2026,UKhostseventslikeNewScientistLive2026.Theyopenscience’sdoortoall,lettingpeopleofallagesfindjoyinexploration.NewScientistLive2026HeadtoNewScientistLive2026,from18to20October,forloadsofmind-blowingscience,technologyandinterestingideas.Therearefourmainstagesattheevent:TheFuture,MindandBody,OurPlanetandTheUniverse,andlotsoffantasticspeakerswillbeappearing.NothingbutschoolgroupsareadmittedtoNewScientistLiveonOctober20th.Schools’Dayisallaboutinspiringyoungpeoplewithactivitiesandcareeropportunitiesinthescienceworld.Findoutmoreat.CelebrateScience2026On28and29October,DurhamUniversityandLocomotion,arailmuseum,willberevealingthewondersandscienceoftheeveryday.DiscoverthestoryofMini,whosegrannyhasreducedherselftoatinysize—it’suptoMiniandherfriendstousesciencetorescueher.OnlyschoolscangetintoCelebrateScience2026onOctober29th.Formoreinformation,visit/SN-locomotion.BradfordScienceFestivalFrom25Octoberto2November,thisfestivalbringsthefuturetolifewithfivezonesthemedaroundtechnology,fashion,climate,soundandfood.Learnhowto“MakeaMeal”withYorkshireWildlifeTrust,drumforyourhealthwiththeClemBurkeDrummingProjectandfindouthowhydrogencarswork.Discovermoreat/SN-BradfordScience.IFOxfordScienceandIdeasFrom17Octoberto2November,Oxfordwillcometolifewithmorethan100events.On18October,meetresearchersandscientistsattheScienceOxfordCentre,andexperiencethePoetryofScience.Alsoonofferasrobotracing,incredibleinsectsandbeinganengineerforthedayin“FusionFixIt”.Visittofindoutmore.21.WhatdoNewScientistLive2026andCelebrateScience2026haveincommon?

A．BotheventsareorganizedbyDurhamUniversity.B．Botheventsshareastoryaboutagirlandhergranny.C．Botheventshaveaspecialdayopenonlytoschools.D．Botheventsfocusonshowingspaceanduniversethemes.22.Whicheventallowsvisitorstolearnaboutthescience-relatedcookingactivity?

A．NewScientistLive2026B．CelebrateScience2026C．BradfordScienceFestivalD．IFOxfordScienceandIdeas23.WhatcanvisitorsdoatIFOxfordScienceandIdeas?

A．Learnaboutkeepingyourfavoriteinsects.B．DiscoverthestoryofMiniandhergranny.C．EnjoythePoetryofScienceon18October.D．Tryrobotracingwithexpertsandresearchers.24.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefourevents?

A．Toholdcompetitionsforsciencelovers.B．Totrainprofessionalscientistsforuniversities.C．Tointroducenewscientificinventionstoexperts.D．Tospreadscientificknowledgetothegeneralpublic.ThePalisadesFireinLosAngelesburnedCharlotteTragos’shometotheground.“Itwasaprettyspecialanduniquehouse,”saysTragos,whoescapedwithherparents,heryoungersisterandtheirthreedogswhenthefirebrokeoutonJanuary7,2025.Afewdaysafterthefirestarted,afriendsharedavideowithherofaLosAngelesartistofferingtocreate,forfree,watercolorpaintingsofpeople’shomesbeforetheywereburneddown.Tragosreachedouttotheartist,JordanHeber,askingifshecoulddoTragos’schildhoodhome.“Iwantedtodoitasasurprisetomyparents,whoareextremelybusyrightnow,”shesays.TragossentaphototoHeber,whocompletedapaintingofTragos’shomeinjustthreedays.“Ourhomesaresomuchmorethanthesephysical,standingthingsthatwekeepourbelongingsin,”saysHeber,wholivesinSantaMonica.“It’sanincrediblehonortocreatetheselastingrespectstotheplacesthatcarriedsomuchlifeandmemory.”TragossaysshewillforeverbegratefultoHeber.“Itmeanstheworld,”shesays.“We’reinapositionwherewehavenothing,andanythinglikethat,especiallypiecesthathonorwhatthehousemeanttous—itisreallyinspiring.”Behindthisdeeplycomfortinggift,though,liestheheartfeltmotivation(初衷，动力)thatdroveHebertoactwhenthewildfiresstruck.Afriendsentherapostbyanotherlocalartistofferingtodrawpeople’shomesatnocharge,andHeberwasinspired.“Thiswillbemywaytohelppeople,”saidHeber.Shortlyaftershepostedherofferonsocialmedia,requestsstartedcomingin.Heberhascreatedmorethan25paintings,includingoneforJeremyWineberg,whosehomeinPacificPalisadeswasdestroyed.“Wetoldherourstory,andshesokindlyandlovinglymadesuchabeautifulmemorythatlooksexactlyasifitwasaphotograph,”saysWineberg.“We’regoingtoframeitandputitinournewhomeeventually.”Heberisgladthatpeoplefindherpaintingsmeaningful,saying,“Hopefullyitinspiresotherstousetheirtalentstohelppeople.”25.WhichstatementaboutJordanHeber’sfreepaintingserviceisTRUE?

A．Shedesignedtheserviceafterseeingthespecialanduniquehouse.B．Peopleaskedhertopaintthehousestheymovedintoafterthefire.C．Shehasdrawnover25housepaintingssinceadvertisingherserviceonline.D．HerpaintingservicewasfirstofferedtothepeopleaffectedbythePalisadesFire.26.WhatmotivatedJordanHebertoprovidefreepaintingsforfirevictims?

A．Theurgentneedfromfirevictimsspreadonsocialmedia.B．Thekindactofanotherlocalartistwhoofferedfreedrawings.C．Thehopeofmakingherpaintingskillsbetterknowntothepublic.D．Theextratimeshehadafterthewildfiresdisturbedherdailywork.27.WhatkindofpersonisJordanHeberaccordingtothepassage?

A．Generousandreliable.B．Modestanddetermined.C．Talentedandimaginative.D．Warm-heartedandartistic.Foralongtime,planttissueswerethoughttobeincapableofremaking.Whenthatwasdisprovedintheearly1900s,researchersfocusedlargelyonroots,wheremanybacteria(细菌)areinvolvedinsoil-basedfoodcycling.Whatevermightbelivingwithinaplant’sshoots,trunksandleaveswasmostlyignored.ForarecentstudyinNature,researchersanalyzedabout150treesacross16speciestomaptheirtrunkmicrobialcommunities.Theyestimate(估计)asinglematuretreehostsroughlyonetrillionbacteriainits“microbiome”(微生物组)withdistinctcommunitiesindifferentlayers.Inotherwords,thetreeshavemethane(甲烷)-producingbacteriawhichmayreleasegreenhousegases.“Itturnedoutwhat’slivinginsidethetreeswasreallydifferentfromwhatwefoundanywhereelseintheforest,”saysthestudy’sco-leadauthor,JonathanGewirtzman,anecosystemecologistatYaleUniversity.Toexaminethetrunk’shiddencommunity,Gewirtzmanandhiscolleaguesdrilledintolivingtreetrunkstocollectthincoresamples,whichtheyimmediatelyfrozewithdryicetopreventmicrobialactivity.Theythenseparatedthecoresintosidewoodandheartwood,groundthefrozenwoodintopowderandorderedthebacteriaineachlayer.Tostudytheactivityoflivingmicrobes,theyalsosealedholesdrilledintotreesandlatermeasuredgasessuchasmethanereleasedbydifferentlayers.Theresearcherslearnedthatwhentreesareevolutionarilyclose,theytendtohavesimilarmicrobiomes.Andtheteamfoundasurprisedeepinsidethetrunks:“Intheolderandinnerheartwood,”Gewirtzmansays,“wesawmicrobesmorelikewhatyou’dfindinawetland—anaerobicbacteriaandmethaneproducers,”speciessuitedtoawaterloggedandoxygen-poorenvironment.Somebacteriaintheouterlayersmayconsumepartofthatmethane,theresearchersfound,butthestudysuggeststhatmethane-producingbacteriainsidetreescouldstillcreategreenhousegasemissions(排放)scientistsshouldfigureintocalculations.“Itisareallynicestudy,astheydidsomethingdifferentfrommost:comparingtheinnerwoodagainsttheouterwood.Bystudyingthesenaturalplant-microbepartnerships,wecanunderstandwhichbacteriaareimportantandactivetoaddbackintoouragriculturalsystem,”aplantmicrobiologistsays.28.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelong-standingviewregardingplanttissues?

A．Itclaimedthatplanttissuescouldnotregrow.B．Itwasdisprovedbyresearchonsoilfoodcycling.C．Itstressedtheroleofbacteriainplantshootsandleaves.D．Itwasfullysupportedbystudiesonplantrootsinthe1900s.29.WhatdoestheNaturestudyrevealaboutthebacterialcommunitiesintreetrunks?

A．Bacteriaindifferenttreespeciessharesamecharacteristics.B．Bacterialcommunitiesintreetrunksareidenticaltothoseinroots.C．Thenumberofbacteriainatree’smicrobiomeisfixedatonetrillion.D．Certainbacteriawithintreetrunkscouldcontributetogreenhousegases.30.Whatistheprimaryfocusoftheresearchers’workinparagraph3?

A．Comparingthegas-releasingabilitiesofdifferenttreespecies.B．Developingeffectivewaystopreservetreetrunkcoresamples.C．Exploringtreetrunkmicrobesbyvariousexperimentalmethods.D．Analyzingtherelationshipbetweentreeageandmicrobialvariety.31.Whatisthesignificanceofthestudyontreetrunkmicrobes?

A．Ithelpsunderstandkeybacteriaforagriculturalsystemimprovement.B．Itupdatesthelong-standingviewthatplanttissuesareextremelyactive.C．Itfindsawaytoclearawaymethane-producingbacteriaintreetrunks.D．Itprovesthattreerootsarelessimportantthantrunksforfoodcycling.Doctorsstruggletopredictwhowillhaveaheartattack.CouldAIhelp?NowmanycompaniesareapplyingAIalgorithmstoscreenmillionsofCTscansforearlysignsofheartdisease.Thistechnologycouldbeabreakthroughforpublichealth,butitremainsunprovenbroadlywhileraisingtrickyquestionsaboutapplicationandevenhowwedefinedisease.Coronaryarterycalcium(CAC),amarkerforheartattackrisk,andtestingforCACremainsanunderusedmethodofpredictingheartattackrisk.CACscanswerebelievedtohaveabigbenefitandweremarketedtotheworriedwell.Attitudes,though,maybeshifting.MoreexpertgroupsaresupportingCACscoresasawaytoimproveheartattackriskestimatesandpersuadedoubtfulpatientstostarttakingaspecifictypeofpillThepromiseofAI-derivedCACscoresispartofabroadertrendtowardminingtreasuresofmedicaldatatospototherwiseundetecteddisease.Butwhileitseemspromising,thepracticeraisesplentyofquestions.Forexample,CACscoreshaven’tprovedusefulasaneffectiveinstrumentforuniversalscreening.A2022Danishstudyevaluatingapopulation-basedprogram,forexample,showednobenefitindeathratesforpatientswhohadexperiencedCACscreeningtests.IfAIdeliveredthisinformationautomatically,wouldthecalculationreallychange?Andwithwidespreadadoption,abnormalCACscoreswillbecomecommon.Whofollowsuponthesefindings?“Manyhealthsystemsaren’tyetsetuptoactonincidentalriskfindingsatscale,”saysNishithKhandwala,thecofounderofBunkervilleHealth.“Withoutastandardprocedurefordoingso”,hesays,“youriskcreatingmoreworkthanvalue.”There’salsothequestionofwhethertheseAI-createdscoreswouldactuallyimprovepatientcare.Forpatientswithsymptoms,aCACscoreofzeromayofferafalsesenseofsecurity.ForasymptomaticpatientswithahighCACscore,thenextstepsremainuncertain.Inbothcases,thenormalpatternofdiagnosis(诊断)—inwhichdoctorsandpatientspurposelytesttofigureoutwhat’scausingaspecificproblem—wascompletelydisturbed.But,asAdamRodman,whopaysspecialattentiontotheproblemsintheapplicationofAIindiseasediagnosis,notesthatincidentdiseaseswerestillfoundbyhumansreviewingthescans.Now,hesays,“weareenteringaneraof‘machine-baseddiseaseclassification’,wherealgorithmsdefinediseasesontheirownterms.”Asmachinesmakemorediagnoses,theymaycatchthingswemiss.However,holdingthepenastheyswitchbetweenpatientsandalgorithmicoutputs—doctorsstillmatter.32.WhatcanwelearnaboutAI-createdCACscores?

A．Theycanreplacedoctorsintheprocessofheartdiseasediagnosis.B．Theymaybringnewchallengestothetraditionalpatternofmedicaldiagnosis.C．Theyhavealreadybeenfullyusedintheexistinghealthsystemsworldwide.D．Theyhavebeenwidelyproventoreducethedeathrateofheartdiseasepatients.33.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?

A．Bygivingglobalofficialdataandtrends.B．Bypresentingproblemsandexpertopinions.C．BylistingbenefitsandmethodsofAI-CACscores.D．BycomparingAIscreeningwithtraditionalmethods.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardAI-basedCACscoresinheartdiseasescreening?

A．Supportive.B．Critical.C．Cautious.D．Doubtful.Inrecentyears,scientistshaveuncoveredafascinatingtruth:ourmusclespossessadistinctmemoryformovementandexercise.We’veallobservedthatconsistentphysicalexercisebuildsbigger,strongermuscles—butthesciencebehindthisprocessisfarmorecomplexthanmeetstheeye.35However,fewknowthebiologicalprocessbehindthismusclerecoveryrule.AsleadingmusclescientistAdamSharplesexplains,humanskeletalmusclecellsareunique.Long,thinfiberswithmultiplecores,theygrowviastress/injury-activatedsatellitecellsdonatingcomponentstoboostmusclegrowthandrecovery.Crucially,thesecorepartspersistinmusclefibersdespitelonginactivity,aidingmusclegrowthresumptionasabiologicaladvantage.Sharples’labmadehistoryin2018byprovinghumanskeletalmuscleretainsexercise-inducedgrowthmemory,enablingrapidresponsestolaterworkoutsevenafterlongbreaks.Inotherwords,yourmusclesrememberhowtogrow.36Sharplesalsopointsoutconvincingnewevidencethatmusclesstorememoriesoftissueloss,withcleardifferencesbetweenyoungerandoldermuscletissue.Youngmuscleshowswhathecallsa“positive”tissuelossmemory:afteraninitialperiodofwastingaway,itrecoversstronglyandavoidsgreaterlossduringlatertissuelossperiods.37Thisnegativememorymakesoldermusclemorevulnerabletoseveretissuelossandcausesanextremecellreactionduringrecovery.Thispatternrevealsakeybalance:“negative”musclememoriescanreducethebenefitsof“positive”ones.38.Italsoshowswhylongperiodsofinactivitycanbemoreharmfulforolderadults.39Themoreregularlyweexerciseandchallengethem,thebettertheycanmakegooduseofthisnaturalabilitytobecomealasting,beneficialpartofourbodieslongintothefuture.

A．Ontheotherhand,oldermusclehasamoreobvious“negative”memory.B．Themainresultisclear:muscleshavetheirownformofintelligence.C．Evenashortbreakfromexercisewillerasetheprogressyou’vemadeinbuildingmuscle.D．Thisdiscoveryhasn’tchangedtraditionalviewsofhowmusclesadapttophysicalactivityovertime.E．Inshort,Sharples’researchshowsmuscleskeepanexercisememorytohelpgrowfasterafterbreaks.F．Thisbalancebetweendifferenttypesofmusclememorieshasimportanteffectsforfitnessandaging.G．Manypeoplehaveexperiencedthefactofregainingmusclefasterafterabreakfromworkingout.阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Youdon’thavetogiveupsugarorrunamarathontoseerealchangesinyourhealthandhappiness.Instead,sciencesupportsa“startsmall”way.Smallactions,doneregularly,arewhatcreatelong-lastingchanges.Thesecret?It’snotwillpower.It’snotevengoals.Thebestwaytoturnasmallchangeintoapowerfulhabitisnottofocusonyourmotivation,yourreasonsfordoingit,oryourlong-termgoals.Wait,what?Isn’tmotivationthewholepointofNewYear’sresolutions?Aren’tgoalssupposedtofuelus?Thatiswhateveryonethinks,butresearchhasshownthatmakingsmallchangestotheenvironment,thesituationinwhichyouperformthebehavior,isfarmorepowerful.Goalsaren’tbad;theycertainlyhaveapurpose,but“motivation”onlylastsforsolong.Habitsneedtobetwothingstostick:easyandenjoyable.Forexample,doyouthinkyourgoalofgettingbackintothesamesizejeansyouworeinhighschoolwillinspireyoutohitthegymeveryday?Probably