2025~2026学年安徽马鞍山市花山区马鞍山市第二中学第一学期教学质量监测高二英语试卷

2025~2026学年安徽马鞍山市花山区马鞍山市第二中学第一学期教学质量监测高二英语试卷一、阅读理解Climatechangecouldhavelargeimpactsonfoodproductionacrosstheworld.Risingtemperaturesmightboostcropproductionincoldregionsbutnegativelyimpactproductioninwarmerareas.Wheatandrice—whichbenefitfrommoreCO2intheatmosphere—couldseegrowingoutput,whilecornandsorghum(高粱)couldseeadeclinewithwarmertemperatures.Farmerscanadjusttheirpracticestoawarmerclimateinfourkeyways:

FarmerscanchangeWHATtheyplant.Thiscouldbeanentirelydifferenttypeofcrop:corninsteadofwheat.Oradifferentvarietyofaspecificcrop.FOURKEYWAYSFarmerscanchangeWHEREcropsareplanted.Iftemperaturesriseinfall,cropproductioncanshiftnorthorsouthwardstowardsmoresuitabletemperatures.FarmerscanchangeHOWcropsaremanaged.Givingcropstherightamountofwater,nutrition,andprotectionfrominsectsanddiseasecanhelpreducesomeimpactsofclimatechange.FarmerscanchangeWHENtheyplant.Farmerscanplantearlierorlaterintheyear,dependingonwhenspringarrives.Adjustingplantingdatesrequiresnoadditionalcostorwork.Arecentstudybyexpertsmodeledthreeadaptationmethods—changingWHAT,changingWHENandchangingbothofthem.Thechartbelowshowstheirimpactontheoutputofcorn,rice,sorghum,soybean(大豆)andwheat.Thesethreeadaptationmethodscanalreadygosomewaytorelieveclimatepressuresinsomecountries.But,ofcourse,wedon'tonlycareaboutcropproductionatthegloballevel.Iffarmersinparticularregions—especiallythosethataremostfood-insecure—cannotadapttoclimatechange,thisisstillamajorproblem.Sothereismorewecandointhefuture.1.Whatshouldfarmerschangeiftheyareshortofmoneyandlabour?

A．WHAT.B．WHERE.C．HOW.D．WHEN.2.Whichcropmaybenefitmostiffarmersplantimprovedvarieties?

A．Rice.B．Corn.C．Sorghum.D．Wheat.3.Whatshouldbedoneinthefuture?

A．Toadoptthethreemethods.B．Tohelpthefarmersinneed.C．Tofocusoncropproduction.D．Tomovetocolderregions.OnDec.26,Gelinnewashavingacupofcoffeeathome,gazingoutatfrozenBeardsRiver.Suddenly,hisdaughtercried“Look!”Gelinnelookedupjustintimetoseeasmallaircraftafewhundredyardsaway,comingdown.Astheplanedisappearedbehindthetrees,Gelinne,aformersailor,realizeditwouldlandintheriver.Withouthesitation,herandowntothewaterfront.Theplanehadslidtoastoponthebroad,frozenriver,farfromshore,sinking.Thepilotwasstandingonthewing.Gelinneknewfromhisprevioustrainingthatevenafewminutesintheicywatercouldkillthepilot.Gelinnetestedtheicewithhisfootanddecidednottotakeanychanceswalkingonit.Soheandhisson,John,pulledtwokayaks(皮划艇)out.“Ifitcanfloatonthewater,itcanslideontheice,”Gelinnesaid.Thekayaks’paddles(桨)provedtooweak,sothepairtriedusingstickstopushtheboatsalong.Theirfirstattemptsleftthemspinningincircles.Butwitheffort,theymadeprogress.WhenGelinnereachedtheplane,thepilotwasstandingonatailwing,surroundedbyopenwater.Gelinnepushedhiskayakofftheiceandintothewater,paddlingtowardthepilotandthinking,“Whatifhepanics?WhatifIfallover?”Withhissonnearby,Gelinnefocusedonkeepingthepilotcalm,joking,“Justhangontothekayakasifyouwerehuggingyourwife.”Thepilotgrabbedthekayak’sbow.Gelinneknewhehadtogetthepilotontotheshelfofunbrokenice.ButeachtimeGelinnetried,thekayakbrokethroughtheice.Heneededhelp.Soonapoliceofficerarrivedandradioedforhelp.AboatfromthelocalDepartmentofNaturalResourcesappeared.Itpickedupthepilot,Steve71,andrushedhimtosafety,whowouldbetreatedforminorinjuries.LatertheboatreturnedtohelpGelinne,exhausted,toshore.Theboathadarrivedjustintime,Gelinnerecalled.“I’m60yearsold,”hesays.“TherewasnowayIcouldgethimtoshore.”Still,hewassatisfied.4.WhatwasGelinne’sfirstreactiontotheaircrash?

A．Hesitant.B．Concerned.C．Scared.D．Surprised.5.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph4?

A．Theplanehadsunktothebottom.B．Thepilotwasnearlyfrozentodeath.C．Thekayaksgotstuckinfloatingice.D．Therescuewastougherthanexpected.6.WhydidGelinneneedhelp?

A．Becausehissondidn’thelphim.B．Becausethekayakswerebroken.C．Becausetheicewasn’tsolidenough.D．Becausethepilotwastooexhausted.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGelinne?

A．Honestandindependent.B．Modestandintelligent.C．Helpfulandhumorous.D．Generousandcautious.WhenKariLeibowitzfirstarrivedintheNorwegiancityofTromsø,shewasbothattractedby.andfearfulof,theapproachingwinter.TwohundredmilesnorthoftheArcticCircle,thecitydoesnotseethesunfrommid-Novembertomid-January,afarcryfromStanford,California,whereshehadbeenstudyingbeforetravellingtoNorway.Inmanycountries,theshortdaysofwinterarethoughttocauselowmood,yetTromsø’sresidentsdonotshowthesimilarwintertimedepression.Asapsychologist,Leibowitzwascuriousaboutthewaystheylivedwiththelong“polarnight”.Previousresearchshowsthatpeoplewhoseestressfuleventsas“challenges”,withanopportunitytolearnandadapt,tendtocopemuchbetterthanthosewhofocusmoreonthethreateningaspects—likethepossibilityoffailureorembarrassment.Totestwhetheradifferentoutlookcouldalsoexplaintheresilience(适应力)ofTromsə’sresidents,Leibowitzdesignedthe“wintertimemindsetscale”,askingparticipantstoratehowmuchtheyagreedordisagreedwithstatementsaboutwintersuchas“Ilovethecozinessofwinter.”and“Winterisboring.”Shefoundthatparticipants’answerspredictedtheirwell-beingoverthecomingmonths:themoretheysawthewinterasanexcitingopportunitytoenjoyanicyclimate,thehigherlevelsofoverallmentalhealththeyhave.Besides,Leibowitzfoundthattheseattitudesactuallyincreasewithlatitude(纬度)—thepositivemindsetismostcommonwhereit’smostneeded.Indeed,manyofLeibowitz’sfriendsembracedthepossibilityofskiinginthemountains,orhavingawarmdrinkinthecandlelight.“Thereisthisinteractionbetweenthecultureyou’repartofandthemindsetgrowingoutofit,”saysJoarVittersø,Leibowitz’scolleagueattheArcticUniversityofTromso.Soon,Leibowitzfoundherownmindsetshifting:Shelearnedtolovelongwalkswithaheadlampguidingherpath,andcametoappreciatethe“soft,peaceful”appearanceofthecityinthedarkness.“Mostpeoplejusthatethewinterandfeellikethere’snothingtheycandoaboutit...Butonceyouputitinpeople’sheadsthattheyhavecontrolovertheirmindset,that’swhensomethingpowerfulhappens,”saysLeibowitz.8.WhatdoweknowabouttheresidentsofTromsø?

A．Theyarelongingforthecomingwinter.B．Theyseewinterasanopportunitytoworkout.C．Theyarelikelytobecomedepressedinwinter.D．Theyareseldominfluencedbywinterstress.9.WhydidLeibowitzcarryoutherresearch?

A．Toprovewintertimedepressionasachallenge.B．Tosuggestthewaystodealwiththehardwinter.C．TofindoutwhethertheprevioustheoryappliestoTromsø.D．Tohelpthelocalinhabitantsgetthroughthelongpolarnight.10.WhatcanweconcludefromLeibowitz’sfindings?

A．Apositivemindsetmayindicateahighlifesatisfactioninwinter.B．Winterofferspeopleabetteropportunitytointeractwithfriends.C．Peopleinhighlatitudearelessoptimisticwhenfacinglongdarknights.D．Tromsø’sresidentsarenegativelyinfluencedbytheenvironment.11.WhichofthefollowingwillLeibowitzmostprobablyagreewith?

A．Peoplehatewinterbecausetheycandonothing.B．Longwalkshelptochangepeople’smindset.C．Awarenessofcontrolovermindsetmakesadifference.D．It’sofgreatfuntoskiinthewintermountains.AformofgenetherapythatisalreadybeingtrialledinpatientswithParkinson’sdiseasemightprovideatreatmentforseverealcoholaddiction.Alcoholmisuseisthebiggestriskfactorfordeath,disabilityandillhealthamongpeopleaged15to49intheUK,responsiblefor9,641deathsduring2021.Likeotheraddictivesubstances,alcoholtriggersthereleaseofafeelgoodchemicalinthebraincalleddopamine.However,long-termdrinkingdecreasesdopaminerelease,andpeoplewhoareaddictedtoalcoholdon’ttendtofeelpleasureindrinkingitanymore.“Itseemsthatthey’redrinkingmorebecausetheyfeelaneedtomaintainadrunkstate,”saidProfKathleenGrantatOregonHealthandScienceUniversity.Theideaofthegenetherapywastotrytoresetthisdopaminerewardpathwaybyenhancingthefunctionofbraincellsthatsynthesizedopamine.Likehumans,somemacaquemonkeysaremorelikelytodrinkheavilythanothers:ifyoubegintoofferthemthechoiceof5%alcoholalongsidetheirregularfoodandwater,somemonkeyswilleventuallyalmostalwayschoosethealcohol.Grantandhercolleagueswonderedwhetherresettingtheirdopaminerewardpathwaysmightcontaintheirdesiretodrinkalcohol.Todothis,theyusedaharmlessvirustodeliverthegeneforaproteincalledglial-derivedneurotrophicfactor(GDNF)toanareaofthebrainthatisinvolvedinaddictionandreward.“Wetargetedthecellbodiesthatproducedopaminewiththisgenetoincreasedopaminesynthesis,thussupplementingorrestoringwhatlong-termdrinkinghastakenaway,”Grantsaid.Theresearch,whichwaspublishedinNatureMedicine,foundthatthemacaquespermanentlystartedoverexpressingdopamineanddecreasedtheiralcoholconsumptionbyupto90%.“Weareenteringaneraofgenetherapyforneurologicaldisordersandperhapsmentaldisorders,andIthinkthisstudyisverypromisinginthatdirection.”Grantsaid.Sheaddedthatanimalstudiesareneededbeforethetechniquecouldbetestedonhumans.Also,becausethegenetherapyprocedureinvolvesbrainsurgery,itwouldprobablyonlyeverbeusedinthemostseverecasesofalcoholaddiction.12.Whydoseverealcoholaddictsdrinkmore?

A．Becausetheylongfordesiredpleasure.B．Becausetheyhaveaformofgenedefect.C．Becausetheywanttoescapefromreality.D．Becausetheysufferfromdeadlydisability.13.Theunderlinedword“synthesize”inparagraph3canbestbereplacedby________.

A．Stimulate.B．Produce.C．Charge.D．Delay.14.WhatdidGrant’sstudyfocuson?

A．Thelifehabitofmacaquemonkeys.B．Thewaytocontrolalcoholaddiction.C．Theworkingmechanismofdopamine.D．ThefunctionoftheproteincalledGDNF.15.WhatdidGrantsuggestaboutthegenetherapy?

A．Employittotreatseverealcoholaddictiononly.B．Replaceitwithmoreefficientmethodsifnecessary.C．Confirmitseffectivenesswithmoretestsonhumans.D．Putitintowidespreaduseonothercommonspecies.GrowingupinaSouthernfamily,bigmealswerethenorm.Everymealformynuclearfamilyoffourprovidedenoughfoodforeight.EachSunday,whenwedrovetomygrandmother’shomeforlunch,therewasmorethanenoughfood.16Havingmorethanenoughwasagenerousandaffectionateact;havingtoolittleconveyedalmostamoralfailing.17Whenhavingonlyanothercoupleoverfordinner,I’dmakemorefoodthanthefourofuscouldfinish.Mywifealwaysaskedmetomakelessbothtosavemoneyandbecauseourtinyfridgecouldholdonlysomanyleftovers.18WhenIlostmyjob,though,myhandlingofextrafoodsuddenlyhitabarrier.19However,IthenquicklywentbacktomyformerstateofneedingtocookmuchwhenIlandedanotherjob.Butinsteadofcookingalotandthensimplyeatingtheleftovers,Ihadanewsolutionthatworkedwellwithmybeliefinshowinglovethroughfood:20Severalofmyfriendslivedalone,didn’tlikecookingorhadlostjobstoo,sobringingthemfoodhelpednotonlymebutalsotheminapracticalway.Suchasmallactcanbringlargeamountsofjoytoanyoneinthesehardtimes.Andinunfavorablesituations,it’sanactthatallowsustodevelopfriendshipandshowlovewhilewemust,still,remainapart.

A．Continuecookingformyfamily.B．Bringingtheextrasasmealstomyfriends.C．ItwastheonepartofournewworldIcouldn’trefuse.D．Intheshockofthechange,Icookedlessforaboutayear.E．Inmyadultlifebeforeunemployment,thistraditionstayedwithme.F．Servingextrafoodwasthewaythatweshowedlovetooneanother.G．ButdoingsoseemedcontrarytothegenerosityIhadbeenbroughtuptobelievein.二、完形填空Graceisanaverageyounggirlintheclass.Butshehasadeeploveforwriting.Shewouldspendcountlesshours________storiesandpoemsinhernotebook,lostintheworldofher________.However,Grace’sparentshaddifferentplansforher.Theybelievedthatacareerinwritingwasuncertainand________hertopursueamore________profession.Unwillingly,Gracestartedstudyingbusinessincollege,buther________forwritingactuallyneverchanged.Oneday,whilesurfingtheInternet,Grace________awritingcompetition.Theprizewasachancetoattendafamouswritingworkshopwith________authors.Theopportunitystirredsomethinginsideher,andshecouldn’t________thecallofhertruepassion.Grace________hercourageandapproachedherparents,sharingherdeepestdesiresandtheimportanceoffollowingone’sdreams.________,herparentswerehesitant,worriedaboutherfuture.Butseeingthedeterminationintheirdaughter’seyes,theydecidedto________her.Withherparents’support,Grace________herselftoherwriting.Sheattendedworkshops,joinedwritinggroups,andimmersedherselfintheworldofliterature.Itwasn’talways________,asshefacednumeroussetbacksalongtheway.Doubtsand________wouldoccasionallycrowdin,butGrace________togiveup.Finally,shewonthecompetitionandwasadmittedtotheworkshopshehaddreamedof.21.A．draftingB．recallingC．adjustingD．applying22.A．expectationB．imaginationC．proofD．independence23.A．accompaniedB．frightenedC．urgedD．warned24.A．stableB．reasonableC．ambitiousD．abstract25.A．talentB．satisfactionC．associationD．passion26.A．subscribedtoB．cameacrossC．tookoutD．gotinvolvedin27.A．enthusiasticB．energeticC．panickedD．renowned28.A．ignoreB．countC．blameD．handle29.A．gatheredB．deliveredC．meltedD．expanded30.A．LiterallyB．ConstantlyC．InitiallyD．Roughly31.A．participateinB．sidewithC．cooperatewithD．competewith32.A．accustomedB．abandonedC．adaptedD．committed33.A．necessaryB．easyC．fairD．obvious34.A．truthB．joyC．fearD．pride35.A．managedB．intendedC．determinedD．refused三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。RiversideSceneatQingmingFestival,oneofthetoptenancientChinesepaintings,showstheprosperityofBianjing,36capitaloftheSongDynasty.ThisnationaltreasurewascreatedbyZhangZeduan,anativeofShandongProvincewhostudiedpaintinginhisearlyyearsinBianjing.Theancientpainting,37(measure)528centimeterslongand24.8centimeterswide,isnotedforitsreasonablearrangementandperfect38(compose).Withthepaintinggraduallyunfolded,thefirstthing39(catch)theeyeistheearlyspringsceneryoutsideBianjingstreams,bridges,boatsandsprouting(发芽)trees.Sometravelers40(hurry)ontheirwayinthethinfog,presentingatypicalpictureoftheQingmingFestival.Attheendofthecountryroadcomesthemiddlepart—theBianheRiver.Thearchedbridgestandslikearainbowovertheriverwithstreamsofpeoplebustlingabout.Underthebridge41(be)manyboatscompetingfortherightofway.Thelastpartisthecrowdedandnoisydowntown,42streetsarelinedwithgovernmentmansions,residentialcourtyards,workshops,teahousesandgrocerystoreswitnessingpeoplefromallwalksoflifegoingaboutvariousbusiness.Soincrediblyalivedoesthepaintinglookthatitseemsasifwecouldseethepeoplewalkingbyandhear43theyaretalkingabout.RiversideSceneatQingmingFestivalservesasawindow44theSongDynasty,providingvery45(value)materialsforfuturegenerationstounderstandandstudyChinesepeople'seconomicandsociallifeover800yearsago.四、书信写作46.高中生活已经过半，站在新的起点上，请你回顾高中生活，给新学期开学第一天的自己写一封信，内容包括：(1)高中生活中一个难忘的经历或者挑战(2)你意识到自身的不足(3)对新学期学习生活的规划与决心注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右(2)不得出现真实姓名，班级等个人信息Dearfutureme,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourfriend,PresentMe五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasthefirstweekofLily’smiddleschool.Thebell’sringingbroughtheroutofherdaydreaming.Shenervouslygatheredherbooks,preparingtoreachanotherclassroomforthenextnewclass.Lilyfollowedtheotherkidsandrushedintothehallway.Otherswalkedingroups,chatted,andlaughed,usingthebreaktosocialize.Lily,instead,walkedalonealongthewallofthehallway,withherheaddown.Shewasashygirl,afraidtospeakinfrontofotherkids,anddidn’tthinkotherswouldlikeher.LilyfinallysatinMr.Johnson’sLanguageArtsclassnervously.“WelcometoLanguageArts,”saidMr.Johnson.HetoldjokesashetalkedaboutEnglish.Lilyforgottodaydreamandlaughedalongwiththerestoftheclass.“We’llhavesomefunwithlanguage,”hesaid.“Justwaitandsee.”FunwasfarbeyondwhatLilydesired.Shejustwantedtobelikeotherkids—runningwithfriendsinthehallway,laughingandjokingbetweenclasses.Remindedofherpimply(长粉刺的)face,shefelthopelessanddisappointed.“Takeoutapieceofpaper,”theteachercontinued,