2025~2026学年福建福州市鼓楼区福州第三中学第一学期高一期末考试英语试卷

2025~2026学年福建福州市鼓楼区福州第三中学第一学期高一期末考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Weknowthesefacesfromfilms,butwhatinspiredthebooks’authors?Let’sexploreit!MaryPoppinsShe’sthemagical,singingbabysitterbelovedaroundtheworld.Butthereal-lifeinspirationwasnoJulieAndrews—theactresswhoplayedMary.WriterPLTraversbasedthemaincharacterinher1930s’children’sbookonhergreat-auntHelenMorehead,wholookedaftertheauthor’sfamilyaftertheirfather’sdeath.SeverusSnapeJKRowlingnevertalkedmuchaboutthepotions(魔药课)masterinherHarryPotterseries,buthe’sthoughttobebasedonherreal-lifescienceteacherJohnNettleship.JohntaughtRowlingchemistry,andhelookedalotlikeSnape.Hewasnotedforbeingstrict,butadmittedheonlystartedtosuspectSnapewasbasedonhimwhenhegottothethirdbook.However,hiswifenoticedthesimilaritiesstraightaway.JamesBondAuthorIanFlemingservedasacommanderintheBritishNavalIntelligenceduringWorldWarII.Hismostfamouscreation,JamesBond,wasbasedonsomecharactershemetthen,suchasSerbianDuskoPopov,whoworkedfortheFBIspygroup.Thename“JamesBond”camefromanAmericanbirdexpert.Flemingpickedthenamebecauseitsoundedboring—itwasperfectlyforgettable,idealforanundercoverspy.SherlockHolmesThefamousdetectivewasactuallybasedonareal-lifedoctor.JosephBellwasasurgeonandteacherwhostudiedwithauthorArthurConanDoyleatEdinburghUniversity.MuchlikeHolmes’famouspowersofdeduction(推理),DrBellhadaspecialtalentforguessinghispatients’symptomsanddiagnosingthembeforetheyspoke.Hetaughthisstudentstheimportanceofobservationandusingalloftheirsenseswhendealingwithpatients.1.Whowasthereal-lifeinspirationforMaryPoppins?

A．JulieAndrews.B．PLTravers.C．HelenMorehead.D．Asingingbabysitter.2.WhydidFlemingpickthename“JamesBond”?

A．Itsoundedmemorableforaspy.B．Itseemedordinaryforacover.C．Itwastherealnameofasoldier.D．ItwasinspiredbyanAmericanscientist.3.Whatdothereal-lifeinspirationsforSeverusSnapeandSherlockHolmeshaveincommon?

A．Theyworkedinthefieldofeducation.B．Theyhadastrictandseriouspersonality.C．Theyhaduniqueskillsinobservingdetails.D．Theywerefamousafterthecharacterswerecreated.Onesummernight,aboyfelthimselfliftedfrombedbyhisfather.Sleepywitheyeshalfclosed,hesawstarsflashingacrosstheheavens.“Whatisit?”thechildwhispered.“Shootingstars.TheycomeeveryyearinAugust.”Decadeshavepassed,butIstillrememberthatnight,becauseIwasthefortunateboywhosefatherbelievedanewexperiencewasmoreimportantthananunbrokennight’ssleep.Someparents,likemyfather,havethegiftofopeningdoorsfortheirchildren,ofleadingthemintosplendidnewness.Thisartofaddingdimensionstoachilddoesn’tnecessarilyrequireagreatdealoftime.Itsimplyinvolvesdoingthingswithourchildreninsteadofforthemortothem.AtaGolfAssociationtournament,aten-year-oldgirlplayedexceptionallywell.“Howlonghaveyoubeeninterestedingolf?”someoneasked.“Igotitformyninthbirthday,”shesaid.“Youmeanyourfathergaveyouasetofclubs?”“No,”shesaid,“hegavemegolf.”Ihaveafriend,apsychiatrist,whosaystherearetwotypesofpeople:thosewhothinkoflifeasaprivilegeandthosewhothinkofitasaproblem.Thefirsttypeisenthusiasticandenergetic.Theothertypeissuspiciousandself-centered.Andheadds,“TellmeaboutyourchildhoodandIcantellyouwhichtypeyouarelikelytobe.”Therealpurpose,then,oftryingtoopendoorsforchildrenisnottodivertthemoramuseourselves;itistobuildeagerandoutgoingattitudestowardsthedemandingandcomplicatedbusinessofliving.This,surely,isthemostvaluablelegacywecanpassontothenextgeneration:notmoney,nothouses,butacapacityforwonderandgratitude,asenseofalivenessandjoy.Andforthoseofuswhocarewhatbecomesofourchildren,thechallengeisalwaysthere.Noneofusmeetsitfully,buttheopportunitiescomeagainandagain.Manyyearshavepassedsincethatnight.Andnextyear,whenAugustcomeswithitsshootingstars,mysonwillbeseven.4.Howdoesthewriterfindhisexperienceofwatchingtheshootingstars?

A．Exciting.B．Rewarding.C．Encouraging.D．Satisfying.5.WhatthegirlsaidinParagraph2suggeststhat______.

A．childrenshoulddevelopahobbyfromanearlyageB．asetofclubsarenotasimportantasskillsingolfingC．parents’presenceisthekeytochildren’sexplorationD．nosuccesscanbeachievedwithoutone’spassion6.Whatwilltheauthor’spsychiatristfriendagreewith?

A．Stabilityinupbringingbuildsconfidence.B．Parentingstylesrequireprofessionalguidance.C．Childhoodexperiencedeterminesadulthappiness.D．One’spersonalityisrelatedtochildhoodexperiences.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?

A．Toexpresshiswishtowatchtheshootingstars.B．Tostresstheimportanceoffather-sonrelations.C．Toencourageparentstoenrichtheirkids’innerlife.D．Topresentthechallengesofparentingchildren.ImagineadelicateChinesefestivallantern,notmadefrompaper,butfromasmartpolymer(聚合体)thatcanchangeshapeoncommandwithoutmotorsorwires.Thisreal-worldcreationfromNorthCarolinaStateUniversityresearchersisabreakthroughredefiningpossibilitiesinmaterialsscience.Atfirstglance,thepolymerlanternseemssimple.Yetwithinthisdelicatestructureliesaworldofcomplexphysics.Itisbistable—abletorestnaturallyintwostableshapes.Oneisitsrelaxed,lantern-likeform;theotherisapressed,spinning-top-likeshape.Whenpusheddown,itslowlybends,storingenergyuntilitsuddenlyturnsintoitssecondform.Whenreleased,thestoredenergyburstsfree,turningitbackinstantlytoitsoriginallanternshape.Thisfeaturemakesitprogrammable,asslighttwiststoitsstructurecanpredictablycreateavarietyofshapes,unlockingitspotentialbeyondasimpletoy.Buttherealmagiccomesfromhowthesetransformationscanbecontrolledfromadistance.Amagneticfilm(磁性薄膜)attachedtothestructure’sbaseallowsittomovewithoutphysicalcontact.Withthiscapability,thelanternbecomesadynamicdevicethatcanperformwork,moveandinteractwithitsenvironment.Itspotentialisdemonstratedbystrikingexamples:agentleholdertocatchfishandasmartwaterflowcontroller—bothpoweredonlybythephysicsofthematerialitself.Tofullyunderstandandcontrolthislantern’sbehavior,theteamdevelopedanadvancedmathematicalmodeltopreciselyprogramitsshape,stability,andpower.“Allofthosefactorsarecriticalforcreatingshapesthatcanperformdesiredapplications,”saidoneresearcher.Thisresearchopensanewchapterforsoftrobotics,whichseekstoreplacehardcomponentswithflexibleandintelligentmaterials.Bycombiningmultipleunits,theresearchersarelookingaheadtonewshape-changingsurfacesorstructures.Atitsheart,theresearchcapturessomethingpoetic:theabilityofmattertoremember,adaptandmove.ThepolymerChineselanterndoesn’tjustshine—itbreathes,itmoves,anditteachesusthattheboundarybetweenlivingandengineeredsystemsisgrowingthinnereveryday.8.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?

A．Toshowhowthelanterniscreated.B．Toexplainwhythelanternismade.C．Todescribetheshapeofthelantern.D．Toillustratethelantern’sworkingprinciple.9.Whyisamagneticfilmattachedtothelantern?

A．Toincreaseitsstability.B．Tocontrolitsshape-changingremotely.C．Togiveitamodernlook.D．Toallowittostoremoreenergy.10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeapossibleapplicationofthelanternstructure?

A．Amotor-drivenfishingboatB．Arobottotransportheavymachines.C．Aself-adjustingspacesolarpanel.D．Aboardtokeepbrokenbonesinplace.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A．Asoftrobotthatactslikelife.B．Anadvancedmathematicalmodel.C．Abreakthroughinmaterialsscience.D．Thepotentialapplicationsofpolymers.Asglobaltemperaturescontinuetorise,somescientistsarelookingtoanarguablesolution:geoengineering.OneofthemostdiscussedideasisSolarRadiationManagement(SRM),whichaimstocooltheearthbyreflectingsunlightbackintospace.Supporterssuggestthiscouldbeachievedbyspreadingaerosols(气溶胶)intotheair,essentiallycreatingavolcanicwintereffecttorapidlylowerglobaltemperatures.Theyargueit’sanecessaryemergencytoolifwefailtocutemissionsquicklyenough,asortofplanetarylifesupport.However,thisproposalisseenbymanyasadangerousrisk.Criticswarnthatinterfering(干扰)withtheearth’scomplexclimatesystemcouldhavedisastrous,unforeseenconsequences.SRMmightupsetglobalweatherpatterns,potentiallycausingseveredroughtsinsomeregionswhileleadingtofloodsinothers.Furthermore,there’stheriskof“terminationshock”—iftheaerosolreleasewereeversuddenlystopped,theplanetcouldexperiencearapidanddestroyingriseintemperature.Thetechnology,therefore,presentsadilemma:whogetstocontroltheEarth’stemperature?Thedebateextendsintothepoliticalfield,wherethelackofinternationalgovernanceisamajorblock.Thereiscurrentlynoglobalagreementororganizationwiththeauthoritytoregulateoroverseegeoengineeringprojects.Thisregulatoryabsenceraisesfearsthatasinglenationorawealthyindividualcoulddecidetoemploysuchtechnologies,withworldwideinfluence.Whilesomeresearcherscallforlimitedandcontrolledexperimentstobetterunderstandtherisks,hundredsofscientistsfromaroundtheworldhavesignedanopenlettercallingforanon-useagreement,arguingthattherisksaresimplytoohightocarryoutoutdoortesting.Ultimately,manyexpertsbelievethatfocusingongeoengineeringdistractsfromtherealsolution:arapidandjusttransitionawayfromfossilfuels.Theyarguethatsuchtechnologicalfixesareadangerouschange,offeringafalsesenseofsecuritythatcouldweakentheglobalwilltoreducecarbonemissionsattheirsource.Insteadofseekingariskyshortcut,theyargue,oureffortsandinvestmentsshouldbeaimedatprovensolutionslikerenewableenergyandenergyefficiency.Theplanet’sfuturemaydependnotonanextremetechnologicalfix,butonourcollectiveresolvetochangeourways.12.WhatistheintendedroleofSRMaccordingtoitssupporters?

A．Abackupplanforpreservinglife.B．Astrategyforclimatemanagement.C．Areplacementforreducingemissions.D．Amethodforcreatingartificialwinter.13.Whatdoestheopenletterfromscientistsindicate?

A．Theydemandstricterlawstoregulate.B．Theyworryaboutinsufficientfunding.C．Geoengineeringiscurrentlyunworkable.D．Outdoorexperimentsarewidelyresisted.14.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A．Toarguetechnologyisouronlyhope.B．Toadvocatereconsideringthesolution.C．Toexpressconcernaboutclimatechange.D．Tocriticizeslowrenewableenergydevelopment.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．APlanetatRisk:EngineerorNot?B．TheScienceofSRM:CoolingEarthC．ThePoliticsofClimate:ADilemmaD．Geoengineering:AFinalSolutionAsanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia,I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately,thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember,though,whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.16You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.17·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.18Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·19Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反馈)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.20Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.

A．Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B．Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C．Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D．Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E．You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F．Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G．You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.二、完形填空Amassivestormbrokethetown’sseawalls,pouringwaterintothestreets.Thomaswatchedthewaterrisefromnothingtohisanklesinminutes.Hehurriedto________hisneighborsinthesmallsix-unitbuildingwherehelived.Thomasbangedonthedoorofanelderlyneighborwhowasgettingreadytoleave.Hehelpedtheoldmangetintohiscar.Thomasalsowoketwootherneighbors,whoquickly________intotheirowncarwiththeirpets.Soon,theyspedaway,withwateralmostreachingtheircarlights.Thomaspickeda________12-footpaddleboard(浆板).Heputsome________intoabackpack,attachedaflashlightandpaddle,thenslidupontheboard.He________paddledthroughthedark,floodedstreets.Whenhewastyinghisboardtoatreeindeepwater,awoman________tohimfromabalcony.Shepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossaflooded________andsaid,“Awomanistrappedthere!Willyougoand________her?”“Iwill,”Thomasshoutedback.He________hispaddleboardandwenttothebuilding.Inside,56-year-oldteacherValerieAndersonwas________withherbigdog.Thewaterlevelkeptrising,butAndersondidn’tdaretoescapealone.Thefastwaterandhiddenobjectsoutsidecouldmakeherslipandbecarriedaway.Thomas________thedoor,buttheimmenseweightofthewatermadeithardtoopen.“Gotothesidewindow!”hecalled.Andersonopenedthewindow.Thomasstruggledthroughthewatertoherroom,climbedin,andhelpedherandherdogout.Fromnearbybalconies,neighborsshoneflashlightsto________themtosafety.Atlast,Thomasputhispaddleboardaway.Hewasgladhehad________afewbeersinhisbackpackbeforeleavinghis________.Tomorrow,theywouldcleanup.Buttonight,hehadsavedhis________inthetownwherehegrewup.21.A．convinceB．warnC．evaluateD．spot22.A．lookedB．dippedC．piledD．dug23.A．trappedB．hiddenC．delicateD．tough24.A．valuablesB．instrumentsC．lightsD．pets25.A．gentlyB．slightlyC．deliberatelyD．quickly26.A．smiledB．turnedC．shoutedD．pointed27.A．streetB．parkC．balconyD．lake28.A．turndownB．checkonC．appealtoD．cutoff29.A．loweredB．repairedC．untiedD．expanded30.A．stuckB．occupiedC．contentD．bored31.A．openedB．triedC．shutD．broke32.A．followB．protectC．pullD．guide33.A．boughtB．downloadedC．generatedD．stored34.A．apartmentB．safetyC．paddleboardD．danger35.A．friendsB．familyC．neighborsD．teachers三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DrivenbyagreatpassionforGuqin(古琴),36isanancientChineseinstrument,LiXiangting,aprofessorattheCentralConservatoryofMusicinBeijinghasdevotednearly70yearstomasteringandpromotingitsincehisfirstencounterwithit.In1958,Libecame37onlyGuqinmajorintheTraditionalChineseInstrumentsDepartment,38hebeganhisjourney.GiventhatGuqinwas39(relative)unknown,Liwasoftenignored.Everyoneconsidereditoutofdate,40hethoughtitdeservedanimportantpositionandwasdeterminedtomakeitappreciatedbyeveryone.Inordertointroduceit41aglobalaudience,Liinnovatedwhilehonoringtheinstrument’srichtraditions.Later,healsoproducedteachingvideos,42(publish)books,andreleasedalbums,significantlyboostingtheinstrument’s43(popular).Inthefollowingyears,moreenthusiastsand44(music)likeLiworkedontheart.Withtheirefforts,theUNESCOrecognizedtheartasanintangibleheritageofhumanityin2003.Moreover,hisdaughter,LiPengpeng,hasfollowedinherfather’sfootsteps,45(serve)asanambassador(大使)inpromotingtraditionalChineseculture.四、选词填空根据句意选用方框内的词的适当形式填空，不重复选词，每空不超过3个词，其中有两个多余选项。

remindbenefitshootconductstrikethreatstickgothroughincasedieout46.WhenIheardhistouchingstory,hisselflessspiritimmediately______me.47.Themovie______inNewZealandin2023.48.TheoldbrickfromtheGreatWallisa______ofthehardworkofancientChinesepeople.49.Anationwidesurveyonteenagers’mentalhealth______bytheeducationdepartmentsincethebeginningofthisyear.50.Youshouldkeepafirst-aidkitathome______thereisanemergencyatmidnight.51.______bythelossofnaturalhabitats,alargenumberofwildspeciesarenowontheedgeofextinction.52.Doyouwantme______thisarticleandcheckyourspellings?53.Itiswidelyacceptedthattakingpartinvolunteeractivitiesis______tothedevelopmentofstudents’senseofresponsibility.根据句意选用方框内的词的适当形式填空，不重复选词，每空不超过3个词，其中有两个多余选项。

streamdown,press,keeptrackof,bury,accountfor,concern,function,raise,beaddictedto,adaptto,54.Theteachersentaletter________theupcomingschoolsportsmeetingtoallparents.55.AccordingtoancientEgyptianstories,thisspecialplantcouldstopthestomach________naturally.56.Aheateddiscussionhasbeenstirredupamongaudiencesincethe