四川省绵阳市涪城区阳南山中学高三上学期第五次教学质量检测（二模）英语试题

绵阳南山中学高级高三第五次教学质量检测英语试题本试卷满分分，考试时间分钟。注意事项：答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确在条形码区域内。选择题必须使用铅笔填涂非选择题必须使用笔记清楚。请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力共两节，满分分)第一节共5小题每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小。每段对话读两遍。1.Howdoesthemansound?A.Strict.B.Disappointed.C.Positive.2.Whatwasthewoman’sproblem?A.Herflightwasdelayed.B.Herrequestwasignored.C.Hermoneywasgone.3.Whatkindofweatherdoesthemanprobablyprefer?A.Hot.B.C.Cold.4.Whatwillthemanprobablydotomorrow?A.Pickuphiscar.B.fromhome.C.Gointothe5.Whatdoesthewomanprobablywanttoknow?A.Whenthemanesback.B.Whentheconcertends.C.Whendinnerstarts.第二节共小题每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第、7题。第1页/共23页

6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Managerandemployee.B.andstudent.C.Motherandson.7.Whydoesthewomanmentiontheoldsaying?A.stresstheshareofhousework.B.encouragethemantoactC.teachthemanaboutresponsibility.听第7段材料，回答第8至题。8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.findacarpark.B.checkintoahotel.C.askaboutatouristattraction.9.HowmanyEuropeancountriesisthewomanvisitingonhertrip?A.Four.B.Six.C.Eight.10.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Restinherroom.B.Gotoarestaurant.C.Lookaroundthecity.听第8段材料，回答第至题。Whereistheconversationtakingplace?A.Inthespeakers’home.B.Inastadium.C.Inapieshop.12.Whichkindofpiedoesthemanlikemost?A.Thebutterone.B.Themeatandpotatoone.C.Thechickenandsweetcornone.13.Whatdoesthemanpraisethewomanfor?A.Hercookingskills.B.Hersportsperformance.C.Herenvironmentalawareness.听第9段材料，回答第至题。14.Whathappenedtothebees?A.Theirnumberrosegreatly.B.Theydisappearedpletely.第2页/共23页

C.Theirnumberdecreasedsharply.15.WhathasmainlyaffectedthebeepopulationaccordingtoProfessorClark?A.Farmingchemicals.B.Phonesignal.C.Disease.16.HowlonghasProfessorClarkbeeninvolvedinthisproject?A.20years.B.15years.C.10years.17.WhatisProfessorClarkprobablydoing?A.Chattingwithafriend.B.AcceptinganC.aclass.听第段材料，回答第至题。18.Whatisthespeaker’sjobprobably?A.Acityleader.B.Atourguide.C.Amuseumworker.19.WhocaredforBobbywhenhewasyoung?A.JohnGray.B.SirChambers.C.Mr.Greyfriars.20.WhathappenedafterBobbybecamepopular?A.Heactedinfamousfilms.B.Hisownerwrotehimastory.C.Anofficialcoveredthecostofhislicense.第二部分阅读共两节，满分分)第一节共小题每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAspecialplacetostaycanmakeaholiday—butalsobreakthebank.havepickednewaffordableplacesinBrooklyn,Newfor$150aroomanightorless.Thereare93minimalistroomsatNUHotel,eachdecoratedindividually.Freebreakfastandonsitefitnesscentreareamongitspleasantness.Butit’sthelocationthatreallysetsthishotelapartfromitspetitors.AllcornersofBrooklynarewithineasyreach.Hungry?downtoGus’sChopHouseatUnionStreet,whereeverydishisdelicious.Searchingforaroomwithaview?looknofurther.Manyofthe126roomsatthishotelhavefloortoceilingwindowslookingoutacrossManhattan.There’salsoavastrooftoppool—you’llhaveahard第3页/共23页

timefindingabetterspotfromwhichtosurveytheskyline.exploreBrooklyn,freetousebicyclesareavailableonrequest.The147roomBoxHouseHotelmakesanidealbasefromwhichtoexploreBrooklyn’sGreenpoint.There’sahomelyfeeltotheacmodationhere,andthedecorationsareanythingbutThispopularresidentialareahasnoshortageoffoodanddrinkoptions.Plus,you’reonlya10minutewalkuptotheGrandCentralStation.Thisbeachsidepropertyhas53rooms.TherelaxedrooftoprestaurantandbarhasviewsofboththedistantManhattanskylineandouttotheAtlantic.Relaxbythepoolinthespa,orheadtothebeachwheresummersun,sandandsurfawaityou.For$4theJamaicaBayferrytakesyoudirecttoBrooklynandthenintoManhattan.1.WhatistheadvantageofNUHotel?A.Itservestastyfoods.B.Itisdecoratedluxuriously.C.Itisconvenientlylocated.D.Ithasfreefitnesscoaching.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinArloHotelandtheRockawayHotel?A.forcycling.B.Batheinthesunshine.C.Dineintherooftoprestaurants.D.EnjoyviewsoutoverManhattan.3.Whichhotelhasthelargestnumberofrooms?A.NUHotel.B.TheBoxHouseHotel.C.ArloHotel.D.TheRockawayHotel.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了纽约布鲁克林四家价格实惠、各具特色的酒店，方便游客选择入住。【1题详解】第4页/共23页

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butit’sthelocationthatreallysetsthishotelapartfromitspetitors.AllcornersofBrooklynarewithineasyreach.(很容易到达)”可知，NUHotel的优势是地理位置便利。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Manyofthe126roomsatthishotelhavefloortoceilingwindowslookingoutacrossManhattan.(这家酒店的126间客房中，有许多都配有落地窗，可以俯瞰曼哈顿全景)”以及第五段中的“TherelaxedrooftoprestaurantandbarhasviewsofboththedistantManhattanskylineandouttotheAtlantic.(悠闲的屋顶餐厅和酒吧既能看到远处的曼哈顿天际线，也能眺望大西洋)”可知，ArloHotel和TheRockawayHotel的共同之处是都能欣赏曼哈顿的景色。故选D项。【3题详解】NUHotel93间；ArloHotel126间；TheBoxHouseHotel：147间；TheRockawayHotel：53间，由此可知，TheBoxHouseHotel的客房数量最多。故选B项。Bwintersago,mycollegeroommatePaulwasdiagnosedwithALS(渐冻症)andbeganlosingmostphysicalabilities,yetheturnedtocreatingAIgeneratedartwithMidjourneyinlate2022—typingprompts(提示词)intotheAIimagegeneratortomakeartasapastimeanddistracthimselffromhisillness.Despitehiscondition,PaulstayedoptimisticingroupswithEvan(anotherformerroommate)andme,sendingencouragingmessagesandsharinghisstrangeAIartpromptslike“Hiscoucheatspeople,”“Aworldwithoutpants”and“SantaClausinthestyleofKusama.”Ashismobilityworsened—fromusingacanetoawalker—hismoodremainedpositiveandhispromptsevenreflectedhisreality,suchas“Bluehedgehogpushingwheelchairamazinglyfast.”EvanandIspentasmuchtimewithPaulaspossible:walkingbytheoceaninSouthCarolina,flyingtoSt.Louis,anddrivingtoColumbia,Missouri,justtobetogether.didn’tstateanyrealintentionforthetripsotherthantobearoundeachotherandrevisitourfavoriteplacesonearth.Shortlyafterthetrip,westartedtotalkaboutputtingallPaul’sAIworkstogethertomakea2024calendar,awaytoliterallypassayeartogether,whileitalsopainfullyhighlightedourlimitedtimewithhim—eachcalendarsquarebothcelebratinghispresenceandremindingushisdayswerenumbered.Inthepast,IcouldprobablyneverargueinfavorofwhatthetechnologyofartificialIntelligencewouldbring.Itdidscareme.ButafterwitnessingwhatPaulexperienced,IknowthatitmademyfriendPaulwhohasALS,laugh.第5页/共23页

4.WhydidPaulstartcreatingAIartinlate2022?A.recordhisdailylife.B.learnhowtocreateAIart.C.pursueacareerasanAIartist.D.killtimeandlookfordistraction.5.WhatcanbelearnedfromPaul’sAIartprompts?A.Theyfocusedonfrustratingthings.B.Theybinedhislifewithimagination.C.Theywerecreatedtoencouragehisfriends.D.Theyshowedhishopelessnessagainsttheillness.6.Whatdidthe2024calendarmeantotheauthorandEvan?A.AgiftmadebyPaul.B.Amemoryoftheirtrip.C.AcollectionofPaul’sAIartworks.D.Asymboloftimelimitedpany.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsAItechnology?A.UncertainB.DoubtfulC.AppreciativeD.Indifferent【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.C【解析】PaulAI品制成日历，作者也因此转变了对AI技术的态度。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“heturnedtocreatingAIgeneratedartwithMidjourneyinlate2022—typingprompts(提示词)intotheAIimagegeneratortomakeartasapastimeanddistracthimselffromhisillness(他在2022年底开始用Midjourney器中输入提示词来创作艺术，作为消遣并转移对病痛的注意力)”可知，Paul开始创作AI艺术是为了打发时间、转移注意力。故选D项。【5题详解】Despitehiscondition,PaulstayedoptimisticingroupswithEvan(anotherformerroommate)andme,sendingencouragingmessagesandsharinghisstrangeAIartpromptslike“Hiscoucheats第6页/共23页

people,”“Aworldwithoutpants”and“SantaClausinthestyleofKusama.”Ashismobilityworsened—fromusingacanetoawalker—hismoodremainedpositiveandhispromptsevenreflectedhisreality,suchas“Bluehedgehogpushingwheelchairamazinglyfast.”(Paul在和我与另一位前室友Evan的群聊中仍很乐观，会发鼓励的消息，还分享像“他的沙发吃人”“无裤世界”这类奇特的AI艺术提示词。随着行动能力恶化——从拄拐杖到用助行器，他的情绪依旧积极，提示词甚至融入现实，比如“蓝色刺猬推着轮椅飞速前进”)”可知，他的提示词结合了生活现实与想象。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Shortlyafterthetrip,westartedtotalkaboutputtingallPaul’sAIworkstogethertomakea2024calendar,awaytoliterallypassayeartogether,whileitalsopainfullyhighlightedourlimitedtimewithhim—eachcalendarsquarebothcelebratinghispresenceandremindingushisdayswerenumbered.(旅行后不久，我们提议把Paul的AI作品做成2024年日历，以此共度一年时光，可这也痛苦地凸显了相处时光)2024年日历是有限相处时光的象征。故选D项。【7题详解】Inthepast,IcouldprobablyneverargueinfavorofwhatthetechnologyofartificialIntelligencewouldbring.Itdidscareme.ButafterwitnessingwhatPaulexperienced,IknowthatitmademyfriendPaulwhohasALS,laugh.(见证了Paul的经历后，我知道它让我患渐冻症的朋友Paul露出了笑容)”可知，作者对AI技术的态度是欣赏的、感激的。故选C项。CAnexperimentalpairofgloves,madeofsimplecottonisn’tdesignedforkeepinghandswarmorlookingstylish.Instead,thegloveshavetouchsensorsbuiltintothefabrictoserveanentirelydifferentpurpose:teachingpianoandotherhandsonskills.ForastudyinNaturemunications,MassachusettsInstituteofgraduatestudentLuoandhercolleaguescreatedthese“smartgloves”usingvibration(震动)technology,whichusesphysicalfeelingssuchasvibrationorforcetoassistwithtouchbasedlearning.Researchersusedtheglovestorecordonepianist’shandmovementswhileplayingasong.Theythenrelayedthosemovementstoastudentthroughfingertipvibrations,helpingthelearnerbuildmusclememoryandplaythepiecemoreaccurately.Usingaputercontrolledsewingmachine(缝纫机),theteamaddedpressuresensitivewirestodetecthandmotions.Whenapianoteacherwearingtheglovesrepeatedlyperformedatune,amachinelearningalgorithm第7页/共23页

processedtheirmovementandtranslateditintoinstructionalvibrations.Studentswearingsimilarglovesthenattemptedtoplaythesametune,withfingertipvibrationsguidingthemthroughpropermovements.Bytheendofthetrial,studentswhohadpracticedwiththeglovescouldplaymoreaccuratelythanthosewithoutthem.Theteamalsotestedtheglovestoaidpeopleplayingonlinegameswithamouseandkeyboard,recordingmotionsfromexperiencedplayerstoguidenovices.Peoplewhogamedwiththegloves’guidancescoredbetteronaveragethanthosewhodidnot.Thoughplayingpianooronlinegamesisoftenjustforfun,MarciaO’Malley,amechanicalengineerfromRiceUniversity,saidthatwithanimprovedalgorithm,thenewglovetechnologycouldsomedayhelpteachcrucialpracticeslikesurgeries.“Whenvibrationisfeltdirectlyatthepointofaction,wecanactandlearnquicker—andwiththat,there’ssomuchpotential.”Sheadded.8.Howdidthegloveshelppianolearnersinpractice?A.Bycontrollingtheirhands.B.Byplayingtunesrepeatedly.C.Byusingvibrationtoguidethem.D.Bydetectingthemotionofthemachine.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesmartglovesfromthetrials?A.Theycanonlybeusedinpianoteaching.B.Pianolearnerswiththemperformedbetter.C.Skilledgamersgothigherscoreswiththem.D.Theyworkedbetterforpianolearningthangaming.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“novices”inparagraph4mean?A.beginnerplayersB.SkilledtrainersC.ProfessionalplayersD.GamedeveloperWhatcanbeasuitabletitlefor?A.SmartGloves:LearnbyFeelingsB.Smartgloves:AforPlayersC.MachineLearning:FutureofEducationD.AKeytoSuccess【答案】8.C9.B10.AA【解析】第8页/共23页

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型的“智能手套”，这种手套通过震动技术帮助人们学习钢琴和其他需要动手的技能，文章还说明了其工作原理和潜在的应用领域。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theythenrelayedthosemovementstoastudentthroughfingertipvibrations,helpingthelearnerbuildmusclememoryandplaythepiecemoreaccurately.(动作传递给一名学生，帮助学习者建立肌肉记忆，从而更准确地演奏这首曲子)”可知，在练习中，手套是通过使用震动来引导钢琴学习者的。故选C项。9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Bytheendofthetrial,studentswhohadpracticedwiththeglovescouldplaymoreaccuratelythanthosewithoutthem.(在试验结束时，戴着这种手套练习的学生比没有戴的学生演奏得更准确)”可知，在试验中，戴着智能手套的钢琴学习者表现更好。故选B项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Theteamalsotestedtheglovestoaidpeopleplayingonlinegameswithamouseandkeyboard,recordingmotionsfromexperiencedplayerstoguidenovices.(该团队还测试了这种手套，以帮助人们用鼠标和键盘玩网络游戏，记录经验丰富玩家的动作来指导novices)”可知，划线词“novices”与“experiencedplayers(经验丰富的玩家)”形成对比，应为新手玩家。故选A项。【题详解】Anexperimentalpairofgloves,madeofsimplecottonisn’tdesignedforkeepinghandswarmorlookingstylish.Instead,thegloveshavetouchsensorsbuiltintothefabrictoserveanentirelydifferentpurpose:teachingpianoandotherhandsonskills.(这双实验性的棉质手套并非为了保暖或时尚而设计。相反，它在织物中内置了触摸传感器，以实现一个完全不同的目的：教授钢琴及其他动手技能)”点明了手套的核心功能——通过触感(感觉)教学。随后文章详细介绍了其工作原理(记录震动并传递)、在钢(如用于手术教学)A项“SmartGloves:LearnbyFeelings(觉学习)”最适合作为标题。故选A项。DThebowheadwhale(弓头鲸),anArcticspeciesweighingupto80,000kg,canliveforover200years,farsurpassinghumanlifespans.Aninvestigationoftheanimal’scellshasnowsurfacedonereasonforthebowheadwhale’sabilitytoendureforcenturies:acoldactivatedproteinthatenhancesDNArepair.Despitetheirmassivesizeandtheharshenvironment,bowheadwhalesshowremarkableresistanceto第9页/共23页

agerelateddiseaseslikecancer.ScientistsfoundthattheircellspossessasuperiorabilitytorepairDNAdamage,largelyduetoaproteincalledCIRBP,whichisactivatedincoldconditions—suchastheicyseasinwhichbowheadwhaleslive.ProducingCIRBPinhumancellsthatweregrowninthelabimprovedDNArepair.Andwhentheproteinwasexpressedinfruitflies,theflieslivedlongerandweremoreresistanttoradiation(辐射),whichcancauseDNAmutations(突变),thanwerenormalfruitflies.Thebowheadwhale,however,isaparticularlydifficultresearchsubject.ItisoneofthelargestanimalsonEarth;maintainingafewinalaboratoryisnotanoption.Anditisendangered,whichmakesstudyingtheanimalsinthewildachallengeaswell.Buteachautumn,IñupiaqInuitvillagesinnorthernAlaskaareallowedtohuntbowheadwhales.huntersthensetasideafewtissuesamples,researchersmakethelongtreknorthtopickupthesamples.“Courierservicedoesn’tgothere,”saidGorbunova,acoauthorofthestudyandabiologistattheUniversityofRochesterinNew“Therearenoroads.”Sheadded.ThesefindingshighlightDNArepairasacriticalmechanismforlongevityandcancerprevention.Whilemoreresearchisneededtoapplythisknowledgetohumans,thestudypromisinginsightsintohowwemightonedayimproveourownhealthspanandlifespan.12.Whydothebowheadwhaleshavealonglifespanaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theirmassivebody.B.NoagerelateddiseasesintheArctic.C.Thecoldenvironment.D.AcoldactivatedDNArepairprotein.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthefruitflyexperiment?A.CIRBPworksonlyincold.B.Fliesandwhalessharethesamegenes.C.CIRBPenhancestheflies’lifespan.D.Radiationhasnoonsuchflies.14.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theassistancefromnativepeople.B.Thedifficultiesofstudyingbowheadwhales.C.Theimportanceofprotectingbowheadwhales.D.Thereasonwhybowheadwhalesareendangered.15.Whatisthesignificanceofthestudyonbowheadwhales?第10页/共23页

A.Itguaranteeshumanlongevity.B.Ithasbeenappliedinhealthcare.C.Itpreventshumansfromgettingcancer.D.Itmayhelphumanslivehealthierandlonger.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了弓头鲸长寿的原因及相关研究意义。【12题详解】Aninvestigationoftheanimal’scellshasnowsurfacedonereasonforthebowheadwhale’sabilitytoendureforcenturies:acoldactivatedproteinthatenhancesDNArepair.(对这种动物细胞的一项DNA修复能力的蛋白质)”可知，根据研究，弓头鲸寿命长是因为一种在寒冷条件下激活的DNA修复蛋白。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Andwhentheproteinwasexpressedinfruitflies,theflieslivedlongerandweremoreresistanttoradiation(辐射),whichcancauseDNAmutations(突变),thanwerenormalfruitflies.(当这种蛋DNA强)”可知，从果蝇实验中我们能了解到CIRBP可以延长果蝇的寿命。故选C。【14题详解】Thebowheadwhale,however,isaparticularlydifficultresearchsubject.ItisoneofthelargestanimalsonEarth;maintainingafewinalaboratoryisnotanoption.Anditisendangered,whichmakesstudyingtheanimalsinthewildachallengeaswell.(然而，弓头鲸是一个特别难研究的研究对象。它是地球上最大的动物之一；在实验室里养几只是不可能的。而且它濒临灭绝，这也使得在野外研究这种动物成为一项挑战)”可知，第三段主要讲了研究弓头鲸的困难。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ThesefindingshighlightDNArepairasacriticalmechanismforlongevityandcancerprevention.Whilemoreresearchisneededtoapplythisknowledgetohumans,thestudypromisinginsightsintohowwemightonedayimproveourownhealthspanandlifespan.(这些发现强调了DNA修复是长寿和预防癌症的关键机制。虽然还需要更多的研究将这一知识应用于人类，但这项研究为我们如何有一天改善自己的健康寿命和寿命提供了有希望的见解)”可推知，对弓头鲸的研究的意义是它可能有助于人类更健康、更长寿地生活。故选D。第11页/共23页

第二节共5小题每小题分，满分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyouevernoticedhowpeacefultheworldseemsafteragoodsnowfallandhowquietfallsoverthelandscapewheneveritsnows?____16____Actually,snowdoesmaketheworldquieter.Someofthenewfoundquietafterasnowfallislogical.Peopletendtostayhomeandtherearefewercarsontheroad.Andbirdsalsokeepquietintheirnestsduringsnowstorms.____17____Snowabsorbssound,sowhenafreshblanketofsnowcoversthelandscape,itabsorbsmanyofthesoundwaves,makingitseemquieteroutside,accordingtoSoundabsorptionisratedonascaleof0to1,reports.Somethingwithasoundabsorptionratingof0.5absorbs50percentofsound,forexample.Thesoundabsorptionratingofsnowfallssomewherebetween0.5and0.9.___18___However,notallsnowfallsareequalwhenitestosilencingtheworldoutside.____19____Usuallyafewinchesofsnowisneededtohaveanoticeablequietingaccordingto____20____Thereason?Thesnowflakeschangeshapeastheymelt,reducingthesizeofthespacesbetweenthecrystals.Astemperaturesfluctuate(波动)inwinter,newlyfallensnowcanpartiallymeltandthenfreeze.Oncethesnowturnsintoice,itcanactuallyincreasenearbysoundsbecauseicereflectssoundwavesratherthanabsorbingthem.A.It’snotyourmindplayingtricksonyou.B.There’ssciencebehindthesilenceaswell.C.Assnowmeltsitlosesitssilencingability.D.Sosilenceafterafreshsnowfallistemporary.E.Thatmeansitabsorbsmuchofthesurroundingsound.F.Justadustingofsnowisn’tenoughtoabsorbmuchsound.G.It’sbettertoexperiencethequietthanjustadmireitindoors.【答案】16.A17.B18.E19.F20.C【解析】【导语】文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了下雪后世界会变得更安静的科学原理，以及雪的消音效果会受降雪量和融化状态影响的相关知识。【16题详解】第12页/共23页

由上文“Haveyouevernoticedhowpeacefultheworldseemsafteragoodsnowfallandhowquietfallsoverthelandscapewheneveritsnows?(你有没有注意到，一场大雪过后，世界会变得格外宁静，下雪的时候，整个大地也会笼罩在一片静谧之中？)”以及下文“Actually,snowdoesmaketheworldquieter.(事实上，雪确实会让世界变得更安静)”可知，本空要承接上文的疑问，否定“是自己的错觉”这一可能。A选项“It’snotyourmindplayingtricksonyou.(这不是你的错觉)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“notyourmindplayingtricks”与下文的“Actually,snowdoesmaketheworldquieter”相呼应，确认下雪后变安静是客观事实。故选A。【17题详解】由上文“Someofthenewfoundquietafterasnowfallislogical.Peopletendtostayhomeandtherearefewercarsontheroad.Andbirdsalsokeepquietintheirnestsduringsnowstorms.(下雪后变得安静，一部分原因是合乎常理的。人们往往会待在家里，路上的车辆也会减少。而且暴风雪期间，鸟儿也会在巢里安静待着)”以及下文“Snowabsorbssound,sowhenafreshblanketofsnowcoversthelandscape,itabsorbsmanyofthesoundwaves,makingitseemquieteroutside(雪具有吸音的作用，所以当一层新雪覆盖大地时，它会吸收许多声波，——科学原理。B选项“There’ssciencebehindthesilenceaswell.(这种静谧背后还有科学原理)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“sciencebehindthesilence”与下文的“Snowabsorbssound”成指代关系。故选B。【18题详解】由上文“Soundabsorptionisratedonascaleof0to1(吸音能力的评分范围是0到1)”和“Thesoundabsorptionratingofsnowfallssomewherebetween0.5and0.9.(雪的吸音评分在0.5到0.9E选项“Thatmeansitabsorbsmuchofthesurroundingsound.(这意味着它能吸收周围大部分的声音)”能承接上文，符合题意，该选项中的“That”指代上文的吸音评分数据，且“absorbsmuchofthesurroundingsound”是对评分数据的直观解读。故选E。【19题详解】由上文“However,notallsnowfallsareequalwhenitestosilencingtheworldoutside.(然而，并非所有的降雪都能同等程度地让外界变得安静)”以及下文“Usuallyafewinchesofsnowisneededtohaveanoticeablequietingeffect(通常需要几英寸厚的积雪才能产生明显的消音效果)”可知，本空要说明少量降雪的消音效果不佳。F选项“Justadustingofsnowisn’tenoughtoabsorbmuchsound.(薄薄的一层雪不足以吸收太多声音)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“adustingofsnowisn’tenough”与下文的“afewinchesofsnowisneeded”相呼应，体现降雪量对消音效果的影响。故选F。【20题详解】第13页/共23页

由下文“Thereason?Thesnowflakeschangeshapeastheymelt,reducingthesizeofthespacesbetweenthecrystals(原因是什么呢？雪花融化时会改变形状，减小冰晶之间空隙)”和“Oncethesnowturnsintoice,itcanactuallyincreasenearbysounds(一旦雪变成冰，它实际上还会放大周围的声音)”可知，本空要提出核心观点——C选项“Assnowmelts,itlosesitssilencingability.(消音能力)”能引出下文，符合题意，该选项中的“snowmelts”与下文的“Thesnowflakeschangeshapeastheymelt”相呼应，是下文解释的核心前提。故选C。第三部分语言运用共两节，满分分)第一节共小题每小题1分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。UrsulaBannisterusuallyhikeswithsomeonealongthetrailinHighRockLookout,aviewpointnearAshford,LastAugust,Bannister,then79,wentonherown,figuringshe’dbefinebecauseshe’sa(an)____21____hiker.Shearrivedatthetrailatarounda.m.and____22____herwaytothelookout.Assheheadedbackdown,herfootgot____23____inaholeintheground.Shefellforwardheavily.Bythetimeshe____24____,herfootwaspointingthe____25____way.Sheknewrightawayshehad____26____herleg.Bannistercriedoutforhelphervoice____27____withpain.Luckilyayoungmansoonappeared.May,a20yearoldAirForceairman,sawtheinjuredelderlywomaningreatpainandmadean____28____:hecouldcarryherdownthetrail.“IknewIwas____29____ofdoingit,”Mayrecalled.“Ireallydidn’tmakemuchofa____30____—itwasjusttherightthingtodo.”May____31____Bannisterontohisbackandstartedhikingdownward.____32____herfromthegrowingpain,therescuersharedstoriesandaskedBannisteraboutherlife.Oncetheyreachedtheparkinglot,May____33____BannistertotheGeneralHospital,whereBannisterlearnedthatshehadbrokenherleginthreeplaces.Duringher____34____,Mayvisitedherseveraltimes.“Heissuchakindperson,”Bannistersaidwith____35____.“Iamsurewe’llbefriendsforlife.”21.A.curiousB.ordinaryC.experiencedD.brave22.A.searchedB.madeC.arrivedD.paved23.A.caughtB.lostC.placedD.buried第14页/共23页

24.A.trippedoverB.turnedaroundC.jumpeddownD.satup25.A.normalB.wrongC.similarD.right26.A.brokenB.cutC.missedD.crossed27.A.whisperingB.sighingC.surroundingD.shaking28.A.slowlyB.immediatelyC.graduallyD.eventually29.A.capableB.afraidC.fondD.tired30.A.mentB.trialC.changeD.decision31.A.loweredB.threwC.easedD.pushed32.A.excuseB.preventC.distractD.forgive33.A.followedB.invitedC.forcedD.drove34.A.travelB.recoveryC.vacationD.leave35.A.gratitudeB.sadnessC.worryD.pride【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.D31.C32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。79岁有经验的徒步者UrsulaBannister独自徒步时受伤，20岁空军士兵May立刻背她下山并送医，期间还分散她的注意力，康复时May多次探望，两人结下友谊。21题详解】879岁的Bannister是一位经验丰富的徒步旅行者。A.curious好奇的；B.ordinary普通的；C.experienced有经验的；D.brave勇敢的。根据前文“UrsulaBannisterusuallyhikeswithsomeonealongthetrailinHighRockLookout”以及“figuringshe’dbefineBannister步旅行者。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她大约上午点到达小径，然后前往观景台。A.searched搜索；B.made使成为，前往；C.arrived到达；D.paved铺路。根据后文“herwaytothelookout”可知，此处指前往观景台，makeone’swayto为固定短语，意为“前往”。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她往回走时，她的脚卡在地上的一个洞里。A.caught卡住；B.lost丢失；C.placedD.buriedShefellforwardheavily.第15页/共23页

卡在地上的一个洞里了。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她坐起来时，她的脚已经歪向了错误的方向。A.trippedoverB.turnedaroundC.jumpeddownD.satup坐起来。根据前文“Shefellforwardheavily.”以及后文“herfootwaspointingthe____5____way”可知，摔倒后自然的动作是坐起来查看伤势。故选D项。【25题详解】A.normalB.wrongC.similarD.right正确的。根据后文“sheknewrightawayshehad____6____herleg.合她腿受伤的情节，这里应是错误的方向。故选B项。【26题详解】A.broken折断；B.cut切割；C.missed错过；D.crossed穿过。根据后文“whereBannisterlearnedthatshehadbrokenherleginthreeplaces.”可知，Bannister得知自己的腿在三处骨折了，说明她立刻知道自己腿断了，此处为原词复现。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bannister大声呼救，她的声音因疼痛而颤抖。A.whispering低语；B.sighing叹C.surroundingD.shakingwithpainD项。【28题详解】20岁的空军士兵May背着她走下步道。A.slowly慢慢地；B.immediately立即；C.gradually逐渐地；D.eventually最终。根据前文“hervoice____7____withpain.”以及后文“hecouldcarryherdownthetrail”可知，May看到老人剧痛，出于善意应是立刻提供帮助。故选B项。【29题详解】May回忆道。A.capable有能力的；B.afraid害怕的；C.fond喜欢的；D.tired疲倦的。根据后文“itwasjusttherightthingtodo”可知，May认为这是应该做的事情，说明他知道自己有能力做到。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：MayA.ment评论；B.trial试验；C.change改变；D.decision决定。根据后文“itwasjusttherightthingtodo”可知，May认为这是应该做的事情，说明他真的没有做太多决定即没有考虑太多。故选D项。【31题详解】第16页/共23页

考查动词词义辨析。句意：May缓缓移动Bannister到背上，开始往山下走。A.lowered降低；B.threw扔；C.eased缓缓移动；D.pushed推。根据后文“Bannisterontohisback”可知，老人腿骨折，动作必须轻柔，eased体现了小心翼翼的动作。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让Bannister分散注意力，不再感到越来越疼，救援人员和她分享故事，并询问BannisterA.excuseB.preventC.distractD.forgive“therescuersharedstoriesandaskedBannisteraboutherlifeBannister的生活，这是为了让Bannister分散注意力，不再感到越来越疼。故选C项。【33题详解】May就开车把Bannister送到塔科马综合医院，Bannister得知她的腿在三处骨折了。A.followed跟随；B.invited邀请；C.forced强迫；D.drove开车。根据前文“Oncetheyreachedtheparkinglot”以及后文“BannistertotheGeneralHospital”可知，他们一到停车场，May就开车把Bannister送到医院。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Bannister康复期间，May多次去看望她。A.travel旅行；B.recovery康复；C.vacationD.leaveMay____13____BannistertotheGeneralHospital”以及后文“Mayvisitedherseveraltimes”可知，Bannister骨折住院，之后的阶段应是康复期。故选B项。【35题详解】Bannister感激地说。A.gratitude感激；B.sadness悲伤；C.worry担心；D.prideHeissuchakindperson”以及后文“Iamsurewe’llbefriendsforlife.”可知，Bannister认为May是个善良的人，他们将成为一生的朋友，说明她对May充满感激。故选A项。第二节共小题每小题分，满分分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Guangzhou,acityofCantonesecuisineanddimsum,____36____(regard)asaparadiseforgourmets(美食家)sincethelateQingDynasty.Itattractsvastcrowdsoftouristseveryyear,someof____37____etoGuangzhoutimeaftertimeforonlyonereason—thegloriouslytastyfood.Iftheyfollow____38____(local)intoateahousefilledwithpeoplepartakinginyumchaeverymorning,thevisitorscan’tgowrong.cha,literallytranslatedas“drinktea”,isa____39____(huge)popularC