湖南省长市雅礼中学2025-2026学年下学期第一次质量检测高二英语试卷

英语时量：分钟分值：分第一部分听力（共两节，满分分）第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Makeaplan.B.Keepcalm.C.Collectdata.2.WhatmakesthewomanhesitantabouthertriptoSouthAmerica?A.Herhealth.B.Thebudget.C.Theweather.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atouchingstory.B.Aflowerdisplay.C.Anewmovie.4.Whoisprobablytheman?A.Thewoman’scolleague.B.Thewoman’sclient.C.Thewoman’scoach.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shewasconfidentofpassingtheexam.B.Shedidn’tpreparefortheexam.C.Shedidn’tmanagehertestanxietywell.第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Attendingaparents’gathering.B.Preparingforaparty.C.Planningabusinesstrip.7.Whydidn’tLisabringanysnacks?A.Sheforgotaboutthat.B.Shewaspressedfortime.C.Shedidn’tfindasupermarket.听第7段材料，回答第、9题。第1页/共24页

8.Wheredidthemanparkhiscar?A.Betweentwovans.B.BehindthegrayFord.C.NexttotheblackJeep.9.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenshe’sdriving?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Confused.听第8段材料，回答第至题。10.WhatdidthewomandolastFriday?A.Shewatchedafilm.B.Sheattendedtheman’sparty.C.Sheacpaniedherson.Whatdidreceiveasaprize?A.Abookseries.B.Aticketforamovie.C.Anelectronicdictionary.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Colleagues.C.Husbandandwife.听第9段材料，回答第至题。13.Howdidthemangettoknowaboutthenewapp?A.Fromhiscoworker.B.Fromthewoman.C.Fromanappstore.14.Whatistheman’splanforhreemonths?A.improvehisphotographyskills.B.keeptrackofhisspending.C.haveahealthydiet.15.Whatdoesthemantodoforthewoman?A.Sharearecipe.B.Giveaquickguidetoanapp.C.Explainthetechnologybehindtheapp.16.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Attheman’sC.Athome.听第段材料，回答第至题。17.whomisthespeakertalking?A.B.GalleryC.guides.18.WhatdoesIntheSeaofSorollacelebrate?A.Acitycharityevent.第2页/共24页

B.Theopeningofanewgallery.C.Theanniversaryoftheartist’sbirth.19.WherewilltheWhaleEyeexhibitionbeheld?A.InthePradoMuseum:B.AttheArtGallery.C.IntheNationalMuseumofNaturalSciences.20Whichofthefollowingcanbefoundontheoffieialwebsite?A.bookingservices.B.Detailedinformationonexhibitions.C.Photosofuniquecollections.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AForthosedreamingofseeingtheNorthernLights,Sweden’sArcticregionperfectchancestomakeithappen.AAbiskoisconsideredoneoftheworld’sbestplacestowatchtheNorthernLights.ThankstoitslocationamongsurroundingmountainsAbiskoNationalParkoftenhasclearskiesevenwhennearbyareasarecloudy,makingitoneofSweden’smostreliableauroraspots.Forawonderfulexperience,takethechairlifttotheAuroraSkyStation,whereyoucanenjoywideviewsfromtheobservationtowerandvisittheNorthernLightsexhibition.AKiruna,Sweden’snorthernmostcity,isavibrantArcticcenterandanidealstartingpointforauroraadventures.Localpaniescanguideyoutofindthelightsbycar,snowmobile,orevendogsled.canreachKirunabyalongbutbeautifultrainridefromStockholmorashortflight.Apopularhoteljustoutsidethecityevenletsyouviewtheaurorafromitsoutdoorpool.&AshortdrivefromKirunabringsyoutothesmallvillageofJukkasjärvi.ItishometotheworldknownIcehotel,builtpletelyfromiceandsnoweveryyear.Stayinghereisspecial,andyoucanjoinaNorthernLights第3页/共24页

tourbythehotel.Optionsincludeasnowmobiletripwithacabindinneroraphototourwithhelpfromexperts.Gällivare,asmallArctictown,hasgreatconditionsforspottingtheNorthernLights.Dundret,askiresortandmountainnearthetowncenter,slopesandsummitsforauroraviewingwithguidedtoursavailable.Eachautumn,ithoststheDundretGällivareOutdoorFestival,celebratingdarkness,coldandtheaurora.easyaccessandnearbywinteractivities,Gällivareisanidealbaseforyourtrip.1.WhatmakesAbiskoareliableplacetowatchtheNorthernLights?A.IthasthebestplaceintheArcticCircle.B.Itsspeciallocationhelpsresultinclearskies.C.TheobservationtoweratAuroraSkyStation.D.exhibitionsabouttheNorthernLights.2.WhatdoKiruna,Jukkasjärvi,andGällivarehaveinmon?A.Theyallhaveaworldfamoushotel.B.Theyareallwithineasyreachofeachother.C.TheyallguidedNorthernLightstours.D.Theyallhostannualfestivalscelebratingtheaurora.3.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelguidebook.B.Asciencemagazine.C.Ageographybook.D.Adailynewspaper.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了瑞典北极地区四个观赏北极光的地点及其特色，为游客提供了极光观赏的旅行指南。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Abisko:AreliableAuroraSpotwithClearSkies部分中“Thankstoitslocationamongsurroundingmountains,AbiskoNationalParkoftenhasclearskiesevenwhennearbyareasarecloudy,makingitoneofSweden’smostreliableauroraspots.(也常常晴空万里，这使其成为瑞典最可靠的极光观测点之一。)”可知，阿比斯库特殊的地理位置使其常常晴空万里，从而成为观看北极光的可靠地点。故选B。第4页/共24页

【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Kiruna:ALivelyArcticBaseforAuroraAdventures部分中“Localpaniescanguideyoutofindthelightsbycar,snowmobile,orevendogsled.(当地的公司可以指导你通过汽车、雪地摩托甚至狗拉雪橇来寻找极光。)”、Jukkasjärvi:Icehotel&AuroraExperiences中“youcanjoinaNorthernLightstourbythehotel.Optionsincludeasnowmobiletripwithacabindinneroraphototourwithhelpfromexperts.(你可以参加酒店提供的北极光之旅。选择包括有小屋晚餐的雪地摩托之旅或在专家的帮助下进行的摄影之旅。)”以及最后一段中“Dundret,askiresortandmountainnearthetowncenter,slopesandsummitsforauroraviewingwithguidedtoursavailable.(Dundret是市中心附近的一个滑雪胜地和山脉，提供斜坡和顶峰供游客在导游的带领下观赏极光。)”可知，这三个地方的共同点是它们都提供有导游的北极光之旅。故选C。【3题详解】ForthosedreamingofseeingtheNorthernLights,Sweden’sArcticregionperfectchancestomakeithappen.(这一愿望的绝佳机会。)”可知，文章主要介绍了瑞典北极地区四个观赏北极光的地点及其特色，由此可推知，文章可能选自一本旅游指南。故选A。BAcrossmajorChinesecities,anewgenerationofmultilingualtourguidesisredefiningculturaltourismbyblendingstorytellingwithpersonalinsight,offeringforeignvisitorsadeeperunderstandingofmodernandtraditionalChina.Herearethreeexamplesofthem.InGuangzhou,youngfreelancerHehasnoticedasharpincreaseinforeigntourists.Sheattributesthisrisetosimplifiedvisapolicies,moreaffordableflights,andChina’sgrowingvisibilityonglobalsocialmedia.FluentinEnglish,Cantonese,andItalian,sheseesherselfasbothastorytellerandaculturalambassador.Herthoughtfullydesignedtoursthathighlightuniquelocaltraditions,suchasthedistinctivegate,athreelayeredhalfgate,neverfailtofascinateherinternationalguests.Forthoseinterestedinmartialartsculture,sheorganizestripstonearbyFoshan,hometoliondanceperformancesandBruceLee’slegacy.InBeijing,ZhouQiviewsherworkasavitalformofculturalexchange.Havingtraveledwidely,sheaimstocorrectmonmisunderstandingsaboutChina.Shecreatespersonalizedexperiences,guidingCDcollectorstohiddenrecordstoresorfamiliesthroughancienthutongs.Herroleoccasionallyextendsbeyondguiding.Forinstance,sheoncecalmlymanagedaclient’smedicalemergency—anactthatbuiltprofoundcrossbordertrust.ForZhou,themostrewardingouteispositivelychangingvisitors’impressionsofthecountry.ShanghaibasedguideDinnausespowerfulcontraststonarrateChina’sstory,likeshowingoldphotosof第5页/共24页

farmlandagainsttoday’sglitteringPudongskyline.Afterleavingherjobtotravelabroad,shewasinspiredtostartherowncustomizedtourservice.Apopularstoponherrouteisthe“matchmakingcorner”inPeople’sPark,whereparentsdisplayprofilesoftheirchildreninsearchofpartners.ForDinna,theessenceofguidingisnotmerelylanguageproficiencybutachievinggenuinecrossculturalmunicationandconnection.theseenthusiasticyoungprofessionalsaretransformingsimplesightseeingintomeaningfulculturaldialogue,enrichinghowtheworldperceivesChina’scitiesandpeople.4.WhatarethereasonsfortheincreaseinforeigntouristsaccordingtoHeA.Lowerpricesinlocalmarkets.B.Easiervisasandmediaexposure.C.Moreculturalfestivalsandevents.D.Governmentadvertisingcampaigns.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutZhouQi’sguidingwork?A.Itfocusesonlyonfamouslandmarks.B.Itavoidsdiscussingculturaldifferences.C.Itisprimarilyforyoungadventureseekers.D.Itsometimesinvolveshandlingemergencies.6.WhichtwowordsbestdescribeguideslikeHe,ZhouandDinna?A.Professionalandstrict.B.Passionateandinsightful.C.andcautious.D.Humorousandrelaxed.7.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChineseCitiesasaForeignerB.LearningLanguagesforBetterGuidingC.GuidingAcrossLanguagesandCulturesD.SharingChinesewith【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍中国新一代多语种导游如何通过跨文化交流重新定义文旅体验。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sheattributesthisrisetosimplifiedvisapolicies,moreaffordableflights,andChina’sgrowingvisibilityonglobalsocialmedia.(她将游客增长归因于签证政策简化、机票更实惠以及中国在全球社交媒体上的曝光度不断提高。)”可知，外国游客数量增加的原因是签证更便利与媒体曝光增加。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Herroleoccasionallyextendsbeyondguiding.Forinstance,sheoncecalmlymanagedaclient’smedicalemergency—anactthatbuiltprofoundcrossbordertrust.(她的职责有时超出导游范围。例如，她曾冷静处理过一位客户的医疗紧急情况，这一行为建立了深厚的跨境信任。)”可推断，她第6页/共24页

的工作有时会涉及处理紧急情况。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“AcrossmajorChinesecities,anewgenerationofmultilingualtourguidesisredefiningculturaltourismbyblendingstorytellingwithpersonalinsight,offeringforeignvisitorsadeeperunderstandingofmodernandtraditionalChina.(在中国各大城市，新一代多语种导游正将故事讲述与个人见解相结合，重新定义文化旅游，帮助外国游客更深入地认识现代中国与传统中国)”以及最后一段中的“theseenthusiasticyoungprofessionalsaretransformingsimplesightseeingintomeaningfulculturaldialogue,enrichinghowtheworldperceivesChina’scitiesandpeople.(这些充满热情的年轻专业人士共同将单纯的观光游览转变为富有意义的文化对话，让世界更加全面、深刻地认识中国的城市与人民)”可知，这些导游热情、有洞察力、专业。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“AcrossmajorChinesecities,anewgenerationofmultilingualtourguidesisredefiningculturaltourismbyblendingstorytellingwithpersonalinsight,offeringforeignvisitorsadeeperunderstandingofmodernandtraditionalChina.(在中国各大城市，新一代多语种导游正通过将故事讲述与个人见解相结合，重新定义文化旅游，帮助外国游客更深入地理解现代与传统中国。)”以及全文围绕多语种、跨文化交流展开介绍，可知最佳标题是“跨语言与跨文化的导游服务”。故选C项。CThesearchforlifeelsewhereintheuniverseisoneofthemosingaspectsofmodernscience.Givenitsimportance,significantresourcesaredevotedtotheyoungscienceofastrobiology(天体生物学),rangingfromrovers(探测车)onMarstoobservationsofplanetsmovingaroundotherstars.Thegoalofthissciencewouldbetheactualdiscoveryofalien(外星的)life.Suchadiscoverywouldlikelyhaveprofoundscientificandphilosophicalimplications.Butforallweknow,extraterrestriallifemayno.Fortunately,evenifalienlifeisneverdiscovered,simplysearchingforitwillbringvaluablebenefitstosociety.Whyisthisthecase?First,astrobiologyisfundamentallymultidisciplinary(多学科).Thesearchforalienliferequiresagraspofastronomy,biology,geology,andplanetaryscienceataminimum.Universitycoursesinastrobiologyneedtocoverelementsofallthesedifferentsubjects.Byforcingmultiplescientificdisciplinestointeract,astrobiologyisstimulatingapartialreunificationofthesciences.Itishelpingtomove21stcenturyscienceawayfromremespecializationoftoday.Itisalsoimportanttorecognizethatastrobiologyisanincrediblyopenendedfield,searchingforlifeinthe第7页/共24页

universetakesusfromextremeenvironmentsonEarthtotheplainsofMars.Whetherornotlifeisdiscoveredinanyoftheseenvironments,thissearchwillcontinue.Therangeofentirelynewenvironmentsopenedtoinvestigationwillbeessentiallynonrestricted.Therefore,ithasthepotentialtobeaneverendingsourceofscientificandintellectual(智力的)stimulation.Beyondthemorenarrowlyintellectualbenefitsofastrobiologyarearangeofwidersocietalbenefits.Thesearisefromthekindsofperspectivesthatthestudyofastrobiologynaturallypromotes.ItissimplynotpossibletoconsidersearchingforlifeonMarswithoutmovingawayfromtheEarthcentricperspectivesthatdominatethesocialandpoliticallivesofmostpeopletoday.Indeed,itisonlybysendingspacecraftouttoexplorethesolarsystemthatwecanobtainimagesofourownplanetthatshowitinitstruecosmic(宇宙的)setting.ourplanetisfacedwithglobalchallengesthatcanonlybemetbyincreasedinternationalcooperation.Atsuchatime,thegrowthofaunifyingperspectiveispotentiallyofenormousimportance.“Themostdangerousworldviewistheoneofthosewhohavenotviewedtheworld,”saidtheGermannaturalistAlexandervonHumboldt.Ithinkthatthereisanimportantimplicationinthisperspective.Humanityisanintelligenttechnologicalspeciesthatnowdominatestheonlyknowninhabitedplanetintheuniverse.Ithasaresponsibilitytodevelopinternationalsocialinstitutionsappropriatetomanagingthesituationinwhichwefindourselves.8.Whatistheprimaryimpactofastrobiologyon21stcenturyscience?A.Itprioritizesbiologicalresearchoverastronomicalobservations.B.Itlimitsstudents’trainingtoasinglecoresubjectfordeeperexpertise.C.Itformsintegrationofscientificdisciplinestoreduceoverspecialization.D.Itshiftsfocusfromplanetaryexplorationtolaboratorybasedexperiments.9.Howdoesastrobiologycontributetoaddressingglobalchallenges?A.Bypromotingasharedviewpointtourgeinternationalcooperation.B.Byreplacingpoliticalnegotiationswithscientificdecisionmaking.C.BymotivatingresourceconservationfromtheEarthcentricperspective.D.Byprovidingadvancedtechnologytomonitorclimatechangedirectly.10.WhydoestheauthorquoteAlexandervonHumboldt’swords?A.criticizethenarrowworldviewofthosewithoutworldtravelexperience.B.emphasizethenecessityofviewingEarthfromaglobalperspective.第8页/共24页

C.arguethattechnologicaldominancealonedefineshumanintelligence.D.suggestthatnaturalistsarebetterequippedtoaddressglobalchallenges.Whatdoestheauthorargueforinwritingthepassage?A.ThehistoryanddevelopmentofastrobiologyasascienceB.ThechallengesofinternationalcooperationinscientificresearchC.TheimportanceofspaceexplorationfortechnologicaladvancesD.Thepotentialbenefitsandsignificanceofthesearchforalienlife【答案】8.C9.A10.BD【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了即使最终没有发现外星生命，探索外星生命、研究天体生物学依然具有重大价值，它能促进学科融合、激发科研活力，并帮助人类树立全球视野，推动国际合作以应对全球性挑战。【8题详解】Byforcingmultiplescientificdisciplinestointeract,astrobiologyisstimulatingapartialreunificationofthesciences.Itishelpingtomove21stcenturyscienceawayfromremespecializationoftoday.(通过促使多个学科相互交流，天体生物学正推动科学实现部分统一。它有助于让21世纪的科学摆脱当下极度专业化的趋势。)”可知，天体生物学对21世纪科学的主要影响是促进学科整合，减少过度专业化。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“ourplanetisfacedwithglobalchallengesthatcanonlybemetbyincreasedinternationalcooperation.Atsuchatime,thegrowthofaunifyingperspectiveispotentiallyofenormousimportance.(如今，地球面临全球性挑战，只有加强国际合作才能应对。在这样的时刻，统一视角的形成可能具有巨大的重要性。)”可知，天体生物学通过推动形成共同视角来促进国际合作，从而助力应对全球挑战。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Themostdangerousworldviewistheoneofthosewhohavenotviewedtheworld,”saidtheGermannaturalistAlexandervonHumboldt.(德国博物学家AlexandervonHumboldt)”以及“Humanityisanintelligenttechnologicalspeciesthatnowdominatestheonlyknowninhabitedplanetintheuniverse.Ithasaresponsibilitytodevelopinternationalsocialinstitutionsappropriatetomanagingthesituationinwhichwefindourselves.(人类是拥有智慧与科技的物第9页/共24页

种，如今主宰着宇宙中已知唯一有生命存在的星球。我们有责任建立适宜的国际社会机制，以应对当前所处的局面。)”可推断，作者引用AlexandervonHumboldt的话是为了强调从全球视角看待地球的必要性。故选B项。【题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Thesearchforlifeelsewhereintheuniverseisoneofthemosingaspectsofmodernscience.(在宇宙中其他地方寻找生命是现代科学最令人兴奋的方面之一。)”以及通读全文可知，文章开篇引出再外星球寻找生命，接着指出即便未发现外星生命，寻找过程也有益处，后文从科学学科整合、应对全球挑战等多方面阐述寻找外星生命的好处。所以作者写本文旨在论述寻找外星生命的潜在益处与重要意义。故选D项。DScientistshavelongexploredtoturnthemechanicalenergyofraindropsintoelectricity.However,traditionaldroplet(液滴)generatorshaveproblemslikebeingheavy,expensive,andhardtomakeinlargesizes.AteamfromNanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronauticshascreatedanewfloatingdropletelectricitygenerator.Ituseswaterinitsstructure,makingitlighter,cheaperandmoreecofriendly.Unlikemosinggeneratorsthatusesolidplatformsandmetalelectrode(电极),thenewdevicefloatsonwater.hereworksbothasasupportandaconductiveelectrode.Thisspecialdesigncutsthedevice’sweightbyabout80%anditscostbynearlyhalf,whileitstillproducesasmuchelectricityastraditionalsystems.Whenaraindrophitsthefloatinglayerofthegenerator,thewaterbelowtakesintheimpactandhelpsthedropspreadout.Atthesametime,ions(离子)inthewatercarryelectriccharges.thesethingsletthegeneratormakeabout250voltsofelectricityfromoneraindrop.Thegeneratoralsohassmartdrainageholes.Theseholesusewater’ssurfacetensiontoremoveextrawaterwithoutlettingitflowback,sothegeneratorworksstably.Itcanalsoworkwellindifferenttemperaturesandsaltlevels,eveninnaturallakewater.Itsspecialstructuremakesitstrongenoughforbadenvironments.Anotheradvantageofthisnewtechnologyisitscapacityforlargescaleproduction.Researchersbuilta0.3squaremetermodel,whichismuchbiggerthanearlierones.Itcanpower50LEDsatthesametimeandchargesmallbatteriesinminutes.Thismeansitcouldbeusedtopowersmallelectronicdevicesandsensorsonlakesornearthesea,withouttakingupanyland.ProfessorGuo,wholedthestudy,saidthis“natureintegrated”designisabigstepforcheapandlighthydropowersystems.Thesesystemscanworkwithsolarandwindpower.Besidesmakingelectricity,thetechnologycanalsohelpmonitorwaterenvironments,likepoweringsensorsthatcheckwaterquality.Ofcourse,第10页/共24页

therearestillchallenges.Forexample,raindropsfallunevenly,andthegenerator’slongtermoutdooruseneedsmoretesting.Butthisfloatinggeneratorisstillanimportantprogressforpracticalhydropoweruse.12.Whatisthemainadvantageofthefloatinggeneratorovertraditionalones?A.Itusesecofriendlymetalelectrodes.B.Itproduceshighervoltageperraindrop.C.Itworksefficientlyindesertenvironments.D.Itreducesweightandcostsignificantly.13.What’sParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thematerialsusedtomakethenewgenerator.BTheworkingenvironmentofthenewgenerator.C.Theworkingprincipleandstrengthsofthenewgenerator.D.Thedifferencesbetweenthenewgeneratorandtraditionalones.14.The0.3squaremetermodelinPara4demonstrates________.A.thegenerator’spowerfulcapacityB.thelargersizeoftraditionalversionsC.thereliabilityofoutdooroperationsD.theabilitytomonitorthewaterquality15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthenewgenerator?A.Doubtfulaboutitspracticalvalue.B.Unconcernedaboutitstechnicaldetails.C.Cautiouslyoptimisticaboutitsfutureuse.D.Confidentthatitwillreplaceotherenergysources.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了南京航空航天大学团队研发的新型漂浮式液滴发电机的优势、工作原理、应用前景及面临的挑战。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thisspecialdesigncutsthedevice’sweightbyabout80%anditscostbynearlyhalf,whileitstillproducesasmuchelectricityastraditionalsystems.(这种特殊的设计使该设备的重量减轻了约80%，成本降低了近一半，同时它仍然能产生与传统系统一样多的电力。)”可知，漂浮式发电机的主要优势是显著减轻了重量和成本。故选D。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Whenaraindrophitsthefloatinglayerofthegenerator,thewaterbelowtakesinthe第11页/共24页

impactandhelpsthedropspreadout.Atthesametime,ions(离子)inthewatercarryelectriccharges.thesethingsletthegeneratormakeabout250voltsofelectricityfromoneraindrop.Thegeneratoralsohassmartdrainageholes.Theseholesusewater’ssurfacetensiontoremoveextrawaterwithoutlettingitflowback,sothegeneratorworksstably.Itcanalsoworkwellindifferenttemperaturesandsaltlevels,eveninnaturallakewater.Itsspecialstructuremakesitstrongenoughforbadenvironments.(击力并帮助雨滴扩散。与此同时，水中的离子携带电荷。这些因素共同作用，使发电机能从一滴雨滴中产生约250伏的电力。发电机还有智能排水孔。这些孔利用水的表面张力去除多余的水，而不让水回流，因此发电机工作稳定。它还可以在不同的温度和盐度下工作良好，即使在天然湖水中也是如此。它的特殊结构使其在恶劣环境中足够坚固。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了新型发电机的工作原理和优势。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Researchersbuilta0.3squaremetermodel,whichismuchbiggerthanearlierones.Itcanpower50LEDsatthesametimeandchargesmallbatteriesinminutes.(研究人员建造了一个0.3平方米的50个LED)0.3平方米的模型展示了发电机的强大能力。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ProfessorGuo,wholedthestudy,saidthis“natureintegrated”designisabigstepforcheapandlighthydropowersystems.Thesesystemscanworkwithsolarandwindpower.Besidesmakingelectricity,thetechnologycanalsohelpmonitorwaterenvironments,likepoweringsensorsthatcheckwaterquality.Ofcourse,therearestillchallenges.Forexample,raindropsfallunevenly,andthegenerator’slongtermoutdooruseneedsmoretesting.Butthisfloatinggeneratorisstillanimportantprogressforpracticalhydropoweruse.(领导这项研究的郭万林教授表示，这种“自然融合”的设计是廉价轻型水电系统的一大进步。这些系统可以与太阳能和风能一起工作。除了发电，这项技术还可以帮助监测水环境，比如为检测水质的传感器供电。当然，仍然存在挑战。例如，雨滴下落不均匀，发电机的长期户外使用需要更多的测试。但这种漂浮式发电机仍然是实际水电应用的一个重要进展。)”可知，作者引用教授的积极观点，且表示这种发电机的应用方面也有挑战，对新型发电机的未来使用持谨慎乐观的态度。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）Everyonesendss.It’ssimple—onemessagegoesout,andanotheresback.____16____Theysmile,wink(眨眼)andcry.muchnotice,emojis(表情符号)changehowmessagesfeel.Researchersoftenignorethesetinyimages.ButEunHuhfromtheUniversityofatAustinandherteam第12页/共24页

decidedtotakeacloserlook.____17____Thinkaboutyourlas.Didithaveanemoji?Mostlikelyitdid.Nearlyeveryoneusesthem.Butemojisaren’tjustdecorations.Theyworkliketinysignalsofemotionandbringlifetoplainwords.____18____Theresearcherslookedatthisclosely.Theiranalysisshowedsomethingsurprising.Peoplefeelmoreconnectedtothosewhouseemojis.It’snotaboutpickingtherightemoji.Themagicliesinusingthematall.Whydoemojisworksowell?Theymakeconversationsfeelsofterandfriendlier.Theycanhelptoreducemisunderstandingssincetonegetsdifficulttoexpressoverheyalsoactlikelittletouchesofwarmth.____19____Mostimportantly,theycandowhatwordssometimescan’t:showthatyoucare.____20____Thisonefocusedonimaginedsituations.Peopleweren’ingrealfriendsduringthetest.TheresearcherssuggesttestingrealtimechaheexpertspointedoutthatthisstudyincludedmostlyU.S.basedparticipants.Emojimeaningscanshiftacrosscultures.Whatworksinoneplacemightnotinanother.Andthere’sonemorequestionwaiting.Whathappenswhenemojisconflictwithwords?Likeasmileyfacepairedwithsadnews.Futurestudiesmightexplorethosemixedsignals.A.Somewhereinbetween,emojisappear.B.Thatsenseofbeingheardledtostrongerfriendships.C.Everystudyhaslimitationsandthisoneisnoexception.D.Theycalledthemmoreresponsiveandthechatsfeltwarmer.E.Asimpleheartcanpletelychangethetoneofamessage.F.Theydrawattentionandshoweveninrushedconversations.G.Herstudyexaminedemojis’roleinimprovingrelationshipcloseness.【答案】16.A17.G18.E19.F20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了表情符号在信息交流中的作用、相关研究成果以及该研究存在的局限性。【16题详解】由上文“onemessagegoesout,andanotheresback.(一条信息发出，另一条信息回复)”以及下文“Theysmile,winkandcry.(它们会微笑、眨眼和哭泣)”可知，本空要说在信息收发之间出现了表情符号，A选项“Somewhereinbetween,emojisappear.(选项中的“inbetween”指代上文的“onemessagegoesout,andanotheresbackemojisappear”与下文的“Theysmile,winkandcry”相呼应，表示表情符号的出现及其表现力。故选A。第13页/共24页

【17题详解】由上文“ButEunHuhfromtheUniversityofatAustinandherteamdecidedtotakeacloserlook.(但是德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的EunHuhG选项“Herstudyexaminedemojis’roleinimprovingrelationshipcloseness.(她的研究探究了表情符号在提升关系亲Herstudy”指代上文的“herteamdecidedtotakeacloserlook”，介绍了研究的主题。故选G。【18题详解】由上文“Theyworkliketinysignalsofemotionandbringlifetoplainwords.(的文字赋予生机)”可知，本空要举例说明表情符号对文字语气的改变，E选项“Asimpleheartcanpletelychangethetoneofamessage.(一个简单的心形符号就能彻底改变一条信息的语气)”能承接上文，符合题意，该选项是对上文表情符号作用的具体举例，与上文的“emotion”和“plainwords”相呼应。故选E。【19题详解】由上文“Theyalsoactlikelittletouchesofwarmth.(它们也能传递一丝丝温暖)”以及下文“Mostimportantly,theycandowhatwordssometimescan’t:showthatyoucare.(明你在乎。)”可知，本空应继续阐述表情符号带来的积极人际影响，与上文的“温暖”和下文的“在乎”形成递进。F选项“Theydrawattentionandshoweveninrushedconversations.(即使在匆忙的对话中，它们也能吸引注意力并体现用心)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项与上文的“warmthshoweffort(体现用心)”能更直接地与下文“showthatyoucare(表明你在乎)”形成紧密的语义衔接。故选F。【20题详解】由下文“Thisonefocusedonimaginedsituations.Peopleweren’ingrealfriendsduringthetest.(这项研究聚焦于假想情境，测试期间人们并不是和真正的朋友发信息)”和“TheresearcherssuggesttestingrealtimechaheexpertspointedoutthatthisstudyincludedmostlyU.S.basedparticipants.Emojimeaningscanshiftacrosscultures.(符号的含义可能因文化而异。)”可知，下文都在讨论该研究的不足之处或未来方向，因此本空应作为段落C选项“Everystudyhaslimitationsandthisoneisnoexception.(每项研究都有局限性，这项研究也不例外。)”能够统领下文所有关于研究局限性的具体描述，符合题意。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题1分，满分分）第14页/共24页

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AChineserapper,LanLao,hasbeenattracting____21____crowdsduringhisNorthAmericatour.Thissuccess____22____agrowingtrendofculturalexchangefromChinatotheworld.HismusiccarriesthedistinctsoundofLingnanculture.“I’msimplysharingthestoryofmy____23____,”LanLaoexplained.Hebelievesthatdespitegeographicaldistances,people’score____24____areoftensimilar,whichhelpshismusicresonateinternationally.Hislatestalbum____25____elementsofAmericanhiphopwithhisownMandarinLanLaooften____26____thepoweroftheinternetforhisglobalreach.“Hiphop____27____thebutI’vegivenitmyown____28____,”hesaid.Forhim,usinghisnativelanguageinmusicisanaturaldisplayofcultural____29____.“Itshowswhoweare,”he____30____.Listenersabroadhaverespondedpositively.AfanfromtheU.S.____31____thatLanLao’sstrengthliesinmakingtheglobalgenrefeellocal.“He____32____itperfectly,”thefanstated.Thisinnovativeapproachisearning____33____withintheinternationalmusicscene.Anotherfan____34____thedeepconnectionbetweentheartist’slyricsandhisorigins.Ultimately,____35____hisartisticexpression,LanLaoactsasaculturalbridge,demonstratingmusic’suniquepowertoconnect.21.A.