【《SiC多孔陶瓷的制备方法研究的文献综述》6600字】

SiC多孔陶瓷的制备方法研究的文献综述目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\u19841SiC多孔陶瓷的制备方法研究的文献综述 1276971.1粉末烧结法 1185891.2发泡成形法 3171701.3添加造孔剂法 5145811.4有机浸渍法 6108091.5生物模板法 8SiC多孔陶瓷的特殊性能主要得益于其特殊的多孔结构，它的多孔结构包含气孔率、孔径大小及分布、孔的形状等。因此需要通过制备方法来调控其孔隙率、孔径大小及分布、孔的形状来得到所需的多孔结构。所以，它的制备方法一直是人们的研究重点。SiC的合成方法有多种，包括电化学蚀刻法、碳纳米管、化学气相沉积法(CVD)与活性炭的碳热反应法、镁热还原法等。例如，SiCl4中浸有含镍化物的碳颗粒,热解形成SiC，制得的SiC具有发达的表面积（最大100m2/g）并复制了初始碳颗粒的形式ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1016/S0926-860X(99)00098-8","ISSN":"0926860X","abstract":"Thepotentialofhighsurfaceareasiliconcarbideascatalystsupporthasbeenevaluatedregardingthemetal-supportinteraction(MSI),metal-supportstability(MSS),andaffinityforion-adsorption.Nickel,cobalt,copper,andmolybdenumcatalystshavebeenpreparedbyincipientwetnessimpregnation.TheseSiCbasedcatalystsallshowaftercalcinationat773K,anMSIlowerthanthatoftheirsilicaandaluminabasedcounterparts.ReactionofthemetalwithSiCatelevatedtemperaturesmaycausetheformationofmetalsilicidesandlimitsthemaximumtemperatureofapplication.TheMSSoftheincipientwetnessNi/SiCcatalystishigh.AneasilyreducibleNiOspeciesisretainedontheSiCsurfaceaftercalcinationat1273K,whereassubstantialdeactivationoftheNi/Al2O3andNi/SiO2catalystsoccurs.TheseresultssuggestahighpotentialofNi/SiCcatalystsinhigh-temperatureprocesses.HighlydispersedNi/SiCcatalysts(thediameterofthenickelparticlesequals4nm)havebeenpreparedbyadsorptionofNi(NF3)4(H2O)22+onSiC.ThenickelisthusgraftedonSiCandSiO2asnickelsilicate(antigorite).TheformedamountofantigoriteperunitsurfaceareaisonSiCthreetimeshigherthanthatonsilica,whichpointstothepresenceofaveryreactiveoxidiclayerontheSiC.Calcinationat1273KcausessubstantialSiCconversionandnickelsintering,whichpointstoalowMSS,incontrasttotheNi/SiCcatalystpreparedbyincipientwetness.ThisprobablyoriginatesfromtheintimatecontactofthenickelphasewiththeSiCsurfaceandtheresultingcatalyzedoxidationoftheSiC.©1999ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Moene","given":"R.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Tijsen","given":"E.P.A.M.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Makkee","given":"M.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Moulijn","given":"J.A.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"AppliedCatalysisA:General","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"1","issued":{"date-parts":[["1999"]]},"page":"127-141","title":"SynthesisandthermalstabilityofNi,Cu,Co,andMocatalystsbasedonhighsurfaceareasiliconcarbide","type":"article-journal","volume":"184"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=fdcf57de-574c-4418-984a-5a0631fdd81d"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[20]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[20]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[20]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[20]。有机硅的热解可以得到具有高比表面积（超过100m2/g）的碳化硅ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1111/j.1551-2916.1987.tb00053.x","ISSN":"15512916","abstract":"Thecontrolledpyrolysisofpolymericorganosilicongelshasbeeninvestigatedasameansofpreparinghigh‐purity,high‐surface‐areaSiCpowders.Thepreparationofthegels,whichhavetheidealformula(RSiO1.5)n,hasbeensummarizedinPartI.PartIIwillexaminethedecompositionbehaviorofthegelsunderaninertatmosphere.Thepyrolysisproductsarebestdescribedasapartiallycrystalline,partiallyamorphousmixtureofβ‐SiC,SiO2,andC.Surfaceareasinexcessof600m2/ghavebeenobtainedfortheas‐firedproductsandinexcessof800m2/gforresiduespurifiedtoremoveexcessCand/orSiO2.TheeffectofthedegreeofunsaturationandthecarbonchainlengthoftheRgroupaswellastheeffectofcrosslinkinginthestartinggelonthecompositionandthesurfaceareaoftheproductshasbeendetermined.Theoriginofthehighsurfaceareaoftheproductshasbeenidentifiedanditsimplicationonpotentialusesofthesematerialsisdiscussed.1987TheAmericanCeramicSociety","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"WHITE","given":"DOUGLASA.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"OLEFF","given":"SUSANM.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"FOX","given":"JOSEPHR.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"AdvancedCeramicMaterials","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"1","issued":{"date-parts":[["1987"]]},"page":"53-59","title":"PreparationofSiliconCarbidefromOrganosiliconGels:II,GelPyrolysisandSiCCharacterization","type":"article-journal","volume":"2"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=b3de19f8-9135-4bb8-847a-d7d2fcc753c8"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[21]","manualFormatting":"[21,","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[21]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[21]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[21,ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"author":[{"dropping-particle":"de","family":"Ruiter","given":"PeterW.Lednor\"andRene","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["1991"]]},"page":"1625-1626","title":"TheUseofaHighSurfaceAreaSiliconOxynitrideasaSolid,BasicCatalyst","type":"article-journal"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=1fdc520f-0ead-4c98-bd4a-a315f4af6302"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[22]","manualFormatting":"22]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[22]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[22]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}22]。上述方法合成碳化硅的明显优点是在初始前驱体中存在Si-C键，这解决了在使用单独的硅源和碳源时接触面积小的问题ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1023/A:1014092930183","ISSN":"13846566","abstract":"Progressindevelopinganewclassofsupportmaterialsbasedonsiliconcarbide(SiC)isreviewed.Siliconcarbidehassuperiormechanicalandthermalpropertieswhich,coupledtochemicalinertness,avoidsseveraloftheproblemsinherentintheuseofcommercialoxideandcarbonbasedsupportsandcatalysts.HighsurfaceareaSiCcannowbepreparedeasilyinacommerciallyviableshape,withgoodmechanicalproperties,andatreasonablecost.Itcanbeshapeddirectlyintomonolithorhoneycombformsincludingsomecatalyticallyactivematerial,renderingfabricationsimpleandcosteffective.Furthermore,itcanbemodifiedforspecificcatalyticapplicationsthroughtheadditionofmetals.Inmanyrespects,itcombinesthebestpropertiesofoxideandcarbonbasedsupportswithoutsufferingmanyoftheirdisadvantages.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Ledoux","given":"MarcJ.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Pham-Huu","given":"Cuong","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"Cattech","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"4","issued":{"date-parts":[["2001"]]},"page":"226-246","title":"Siliconcarbideanovelcatalystsupportforheterogeneouscatalysis","type":"article-journal","volume":"5"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=ee5670ce-8990-4aec-a8b8-34de65878c5c"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[23]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[23]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[23]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[23]。为了获得比表面积大的多孔碳化硅，研究工作者们已经进行了大量的尝试。下面总结了碳化硅多孔陶瓷常用的制备方法：粉末烧结法、发泡成形法、添加造孔剂法、有机浸渍法和生物模板法。1.1粉末烧结法粉末烧结法是最为简单的SiC多孔陶瓷制备方法，该方法的制备流程如图1.2所示。该法的原理是陶瓷粉末自身在较高温度下加热保温，SiC粉末会逐渐变成液态，不同SiC粉末会经高温形成一体，从而使得原本的粉末堆积体形成多孔陶瓷ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"abstract":"Poroussiliconcarbide(SiC)ceramichasbroadapplicationprospectsinmetallurgy,chemicalindustry,environmentalprotection,andenergyduetoitsadvantages,includingexcellentmechanicalproperties,highthermalconductivity,corrosionresistance,andhightemperatureresistance.Theporositycharacteristic,mechanicalpropertiesandheat-conductingpropertyofporousceramicwerereviewed.Inaddition,thefabricationmethodsofporousSiCceramicwereelaboratedtofourkinds:partialsintering,replica,sacrificialtemplate,anddirectfoaming.TheapplicationsofporousSiCceramicwereintroduced,anditsresearchdirectionswerepredicted.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"陈以心，王日初，王小锋，彭超群，孙月花","given":"","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"中国有色金属学报","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"8","issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]},"page":"2146-2156","title":"多孔SiC陶瓷的研究进展","type":"article-journal","volume":"25"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=7f6f47f2-6c47-4c40-849b-5a8a74885d84"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[24]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[24]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[24]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[24]。图1.2粉末烧结制备流程图ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"abstract":"Poroussiliconcarbide(SiC)ceramichasbroadapplicationprospectsinmetallurgy,chemicalindustry,environmentalprotection,andenergyduetoitsadvantages,includingexcellentmechanicalproperties,highthermalconductivity,corrosionresistance,andhightemperatureresistance.Theporositycharacteristic,mechanicalpropertiesandheat-conductingpropertyofporousceramicwerereviewed.Inaddition,thefabricationmethodsofporousSiCceramicwereelaboratedtofourkinds:partialsintering,replica,sacrificialtemplate,anddirectfoaming.TheapplicationsofporousSiCceramicwereintroduced,anditsresearchdirectionswerepredicted.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"陈以心，王日初，王小锋，彭超群，孙月花","given":"","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"中国有色金属学报","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"8","issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]},"page":"2146-2156","title":"多孔SiC陶瓷的研究进展","type":"article-journal","volume":"25"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=7f6f47f2-6c47-4c40-849b-5a8a74885d84"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[24]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[24]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[24]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[24]Lao等ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.08.046","ISSN":"02728842","abstract":"Forpromotingin-situsynthesisofnano-SiCwhiskersinporousAl2O3-SiCcompositeceramicsforsolarsensiblethermalstoragebyaluminium-assistedcarbothermalreductionofcoalserieskaolin(CSK),silica(SiO2)wasaddedasanextrasiliconsourcetothebasicformulacomposedof68wt%CSKand32wt%aluminium.Effectofsilicaonthein-situsynthesisandmorphologyofnano-SiCwhiskerswasstudiedandtheinfluenceofnano-SiCwhiskersontheproperties(includingphysicalandthermophysicalproperties)ofthecompositeswasinvestigated.Resultsrevealedthatsilicacouldfacilitatetheproductionofnano-SiCwhiskerssignificantlybyincreasingthepartialpressureofSiOgas,andtherelativecontentofSiCreachedthehighestas18.4%byadding12wt%silicawhensinteringat1650°C.Silicaexhibitedgreateffectonincreasingtheporosityofthecompositesthroughcarbothermalreduction,whichwasessentialforsufficientheattransfer.OptimumpropertieswereobtainedforsampleCS3with12wt%silicaadditionsinteredat1650°C,whoseporosity,bendingstrength,coefficientofthermalexpansion,thermalconductivity(roomtemperature)andheatcapacity(600°C)were44.4%,33MPa,7.27×10−6·°C−1,8.38W·(m·K)−1,1.1J·(g·K)−1,respectively.Thehighcontentofnano-SiCwhiskerswithahighaspectratiocontributedtoimprovethethermalconductivityandlowerthecoefficientofthermalexpansionoftheporouscompositeceramics.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Lao","given":"Xinbin","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Xu","given":"Xiaoyang","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"CeramicsInternational","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"16","issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]},"page":"20501-20507","publisher":"ElsevierLtdandTechnaGroupS.r.l.","title":"Effectofsilicaonin-situsynthesisofnano-SiCwhiskersinporousAl2O3-SiCcompositeceramicsforsolarthermalstoragebyaluminium-assistedcarbothermalreduction","type":"article-journal","volume":"44"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=f814df97-4fa7-4278-a28d-7f89bc0946f8"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[17]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[17]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[17]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[17]通过向高岭土-铝二元体系中引入二氧化硅来努力提高用于太阳能蓄热的Al2O3-SiC复合陶瓷的孔隙率，并提高纳米SiC的产量，从而提高了复合陶瓷的电导率。研究了二氧化硅对原位合成，纳米SiC的生长及其形貌的影响，并研究了纳米SiC对复合陶瓷性能的影响。首先通过球磨将煤系高岭土和铝粉与5wt.％PVA粘合剂充分混合，然后在20MPa的单轴压力下将其压制成矩形样品（7mm×7mm×40mm）和圆柱形样品（Φ12.6mm×2.5mm）。然后将形成的生坯在电烤箱中于100℃干燥24h，在1550-1650℃的温度范围内在钼中通过颗粒堆积法在碳热还原气氛下进行无压烧结3h。研究表明：二氧化硅的引入能够增强纳米SiC的原位合成；通过增加SiO气体的分压，引入二氧化硅可以显着提高纳米SiC的生长动力学和长径比；通过增加13％的SiC含量，添加的二氧化硅可以以45.1％的比率显着改善孔隙率，而不会显着降低Al2O3-SiCw复合材料的热容和导热率，且样品在1650℃烧结时具有最佳综合性能，其孔隙率、弯曲强度、热膨胀系数、导热系数（室温）和热容（600℃）分别为44.4％、33MPa、7.27×10-6/℃、8.38W/(mꞏK)、1.1J/(gꞏK)。Guo等ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.05.059","ISSN":"02728842","abstract":"PorousSiCceramicssinteredwithB4Cadditiveexhibitexcellentcorrosionresistanceinhotacidicandbasicsolutionscomparedwithtraditionalporousceramicmembranesupports.TheeffectsofB4Conthedensity,phasecomposition,andmicrostructureofporous6H–SiCceramicswereinvestigatedinthisstudy.Thephasecompositionandmicrostructureoftheas-preparedsampleswerecharacterizedthroughX-raydiffraction,Ramanspectrum,scanningelectronmicroscopy,andelectronprobemicroanalyzerequippedwithwavelengthdispersivespectrometry.B4CpromotedthesinteringofporousSiCceramicswithinthetemperaturerangeof2100–2200

°C.TheB4Ccontenthigherthan0.5

wt%inducedthephasetransformationof6H–SiCto4H–SiCat2200

°C,resultingintheformationoflargeplate-like4H–SiCgrains,whichsignificantlyimprovedtheflexuralstrengthoftheporousceramics.Themechanismsofphasetransformationandgrainformationwerealsoelucidated.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Guo","given":"Wenming","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Xiao","given":"Hanning","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Liu","given":"Jingxiong","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Liang","given":"Jianjun","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Gao","given":"Pengzhao","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Zeng","given":"Guangming","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"CeramicsInternational","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"9","issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]},"page":"11117-11124","publisher":"Elsevier","title":"EffectsofB4ConthemicrostructureandphasetransformationofporousSiCceramics","type":"article-journal","volume":"41"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=7b64b88c-7dcf-4319-b7b7-b90aacda7a3c"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[25]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[25]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[25]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[25]将起始粉末混合物（SiC和B4C）通过球磨在1wt.％PVA溶液中与SiC研磨球在聚氨酯罐中混合（400r/min，1h），然后通过旋转蒸发进行干燥。随后，将粉末混合物用60目的筛网筛分，并在30MPa下压缩。将压块装入重结晶的SiC坩埚中，并在高温下烧结1h，采用粉末烧结法制备了多孔SiC陶瓷。与传统的多孔陶瓷膜载体相比，用B4C添加剂烧结的多孔SiC陶瓷在酸碱环境中都表现出良好的耐腐蚀性，并且在高温下促进了多孔SiC陶瓷的烧结，从而保持了样品的孔隙率。当B4C含量过高时，会引起晶型变化，同时出现了大片状的晶粒，该晶粒贯穿了多个等轴颗粒，明显提高了多孔SiC陶瓷的力学性能。Han等ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.06.048","ISSN":"1873619X","abstract":"ThegaspermeabilityofSiCporousceramics(SCPCs)istypicallyproportionaltotheopenporosity.However,anincreaseinopenporositycandecreasethebendingstrengthduetoweakcontactbetweenparticles.Inthisstudy,high-permeabilitySCPCswerepreparedusingacombinationmethodofdrypressformingandinsitureactionbonding.Theresultingmaterialscontaineddopingmullitefibersasareinforcingagentandmaintainedsufficientbendingstrength.Theopenporosity,mechanicalstrength,microstructure,gaspermeabilityandthermalshockingresistanceweresystematicallyinvestigated.Thepresenceofthemullitefibers(4%)ledtoincreasesinopenporosityandbendingstrengthto46.8%and15.7

MPaaftersinteringat1450

°Cfor4

h.Additionally,gaspermeabilityof1600

m3/m2·h·kPawasattainedinceramicwaferandahighgaspermeabilitycoefficientof1.64

×

10−11

m2wasachieved,superiorvaluesthanmostporousceramicmaterialswerereported.Theclosethermalexpansioncoefficientbetweenthemullitefibersandsiliconcarbideconfersgoodthermalshockresistance.Thebendingstrengthof14.5

MPawasmaintainedafter60cold-hotcycles(0–800

°C).ThenewSCPCsshowgreatpromiseforuseasnextgenerationhot-gasfilters.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Han","given":"Feng","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Zhong","given":"Zhaoxiang","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Yang","given":"Yi","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Wei","given":"Wei","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Zhang","given":"Feng","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Xing","given":"Weihong","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Fan","given":"Yiqun","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"JournaloftheEuropeanCeramicSociety","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"16","issued":{"date-parts":[["2016"]]},"page":"3909-3917","publisher":"ElsevierLtd","title":"HighgaspermeabilityofSiCporousceramicsreinforcedbymullitefibers","type":"article-journal","volume":"36"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=8dad6d01-4ce8-4009-b1b6-70ced4d9768a"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[26]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[26]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[26]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[26]使用商品化的SiC粉末作为原料，将长度为约60μm的莫来石纤维作为增强剂加入到陶瓷混合粉末中，将聚乙烯醇（PVA）和液体石蜡加入粉末混合物中，混合研磨制成生坯，在70°C的烘箱中干燥4h，然后在1450-1550°C的空气中烧结2-6h成功制备了SiC多孔陶瓷。莫来石纤维是通过常规的粉末混合在原位反应结合过程中引入的，以制备纤维增强的SCPCs材料。纤维的加入将孔隙率和弯曲强度分别提高了5.4％和2.2倍，分别达到46.8％和15.7MPa。掺杂4wt.％纤维后，孔径增加了1.53倍，达到20μm。除了良好的化学相容性和低成本外，莫来石纤维与SiC热膨胀系数也基本相同。此外，通过莫来石纤维的构建可以期望高的气体渗透性。制得的多孔SiC样品的气体渗透率达到16%，气体渗透系数为1.64×10-11m2，非常接近SiC泡沫陶瓷材料的性能。与现有的多孔陶瓷材料相比，有着显着的优点。综上所述，粉末烧结法制备SiC多孔陶瓷工艺简单，产品强度高。但孔隙率相对较低，且孔结构不易控制。1.2发泡成形法发泡成形法通常会在前驱体溶液或陶瓷浆料内部产生气泡，从而产生SiC泡沫陶瓷（如图1.3所示）。表1.1示出了通过直接发泡技术生产多孔SiC陶瓷的可能的发泡剂的一些实例。表1.1发泡成形法的实例发泡剂开孔/闭孔气泡尺寸（μm）孔隙率（%）参考文献化学发泡剂表面活性剂TMN-10200-100078-88ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1002/adem.200500163","ISSN":"14381656","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Mouazer","given":"Rabah","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Mullens","given":"Steven","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Thijs","given":"Ivo","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Luvten","given":"Jan","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Buekenhoudt","given":"Anita","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"AdvancedEngineeringMaterials","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"12","issued":{"date-parts":[["2005"]]},"page":"1124-1128","title":"Siliconcarbidefoamsbypolyurethanereplicatechnique","type":"article-journal","volume":"7"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=3d0f7086-b7b9-45f4-beb3-4166f00bda25"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[27]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[27]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[27]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[27]偶氮二甲酰胺416-145559-85ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1007/s10853-012-6963-4","ISSN":"00222461","abstract":"PoroussiliconcarbideceramicswerefabricatedfromSiC,polysiloxane,andpolymermicrobead(asaporeformer)atatemperatureaslowas800°Cbyasimplepressingandheat-treatmentprocess.Theeffectsofpolysiloxaneandtemplatecontentsontheporosityandstrengthoftheceramicswereinvestigated.Duringheattreatment,thepolysiloxanetransformedtoanamorphousSiOCphase,whichactedasthebondingmaterialbetweenSiCparticles,andthepolymermicrobeadsdecomposedintogasesandleftpores.TheporosityofporousSiCceramicscouldbecontrolledwithinarangeof26-56%withthepresentsetofprocessingvariables.TheporousSiCceramicsshowedamaximalporosityof56%when10μmSiCparticlesand16%polysiloxanewereusedwith20%polymermicrobeads.Flexuralstrengthgenerallyincreasedwithincreasingpolysiloxanecontentanddecreasedwithincreasingpolymermicrobeadcontent.TypicalflexuralstrengthoftheporousSiCceramicswas53MPaat42%porosity.©2012SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Lim","given":"KwangYoung","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Kim","given":"YoungWook","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Song","given":"InHyuck","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"JournalofMaterialsScience","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"5","issued":{"date-parts":[["2013"]]},"page":"1973-1979","title":"Low-temperatureprocessingofporousSiCceramics","type":"article-journal","volume":"48"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=cbcedd1c-aa53-49e4-8a5a-d91df639409a"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCita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