2017-2018学年高中英语（人教版）选修八作业Unit3Section3课后

Unit3SectionⅢⅠ.单句语法填空1.Hedivedintohispocketandtookoutacoupleofcoins.解析：考查介词。句意：他迅速把手伸进衣袋，拿出几枚硬币。diveinto迅速把手伸入。2.WhenIreallysetouttotake(take)careofsomebody,Iusuallydothejobproperly.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我真要照顾某人时，我一般是会把工作做好。setout(todo)开始(做)；着手进行(计划)。3.Irangyouseveraltimesbutwasn'tabletogetthroughtoyou.解析：考查介词。句意:我给你打了几次电话，但没能打通。getthroughtosb.设法联系上(尤指打通电话)某人。4.Tomake(make)iteasiertogetintouchwithus,you'dbetterkeepthiscardathand.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更容易与我们联系，你最好把这张卡放在手边。根据句子结构可知，本空在句子中作目的状语，故用动词不定式。5.(2016·天津卷改编place.Itwaitingatthewrongplace.Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.解析：考查强调句型。句意：你等错了地点。旅游大巴是在旅馆接游客。分析句子结构，此处是对地点状语进行强调的强调句型,Itis…that…。6.Inourminds,theSpringFestivalisoftenassociatedwithhappyfamilyreunions.解析：考查介词。句意：在我们心中，春节总是与愉快的家庭团聚联系在一起的。beassociatedwith与……联系起来。Despitethefactthathewasaninventor,hewasindeedacontinuing(continue)searcher.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然他是位发明家，但他的确是一名永不停息的探索家。continuing继续的，永不停息的，现在分词作定语。8.Threemonthshavepassedbeforeweknewit.解析：sb.knew句意：不知不觉已过了三个月。beforesb.knewit不知不觉地，before引导状语从句。9.(2016·天津卷改编）Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们将把野炊推迟到下周，到那时天气可能会好点。分析句子结构可知，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词nextweek，并在从句中作状语。10.Being(be)verystable,thetetrahedronshapehasprovedinvaluable(value)inthedesignofbridge.解析：考查非谓语动词以及形容词。句意：这种四面体非常稳定，被证明是在桥梁设计中的无价之宝。Being+形容词，现在分词作原因状语；invaluable极有用的，极宝贵的。Ⅱ.单句改错1.Trysomeofthisjuiceperhapsyou'lllikeit.解析：考查连词。句意：尝尝这种果汁，也许你会喜欢的。考查“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型。2.Watercanabsorbandgiveoffalotofheatwithoutbigchangesintemperature,thuscreatingaenvironment.解析：考查形容词。句意：水吸收并释放大量的热量而对气温没有多大的影响，因此形成稳定的环境。修饰名词用形容词。3.thesetwoplansandyouwillfindtheformerismorepractical.解析：考查祈使句。句意：比较这两个计划，你会发现前者要实际一些。考查“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型。4.Itwasn'tuntilafterIhadacceptedthepositionIrealizedtheenormityofthetask.解析：考查强调句型。直到我接受了这个岗位，我才意识到任务的艰巨性。Itisn't/wasn'tuntil….that…直到……才……。5.Inthepastfewyears,Ihavedevelopedgoodprofessional.解析：考查名词单复数。句意：在过去的几年时间里，我已发展了很好的专业能力。petence能力，不可数名词。6.Iwouldbegratefulifyouwouldconsidermeinyourpany.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你考虑录取我到你的公司，我将不胜感激。considerdoingsth.考虑做某事。7.Hardlycouldhegetthisamountofworkinsuchashorttime.解析：考查介词。句意：他几乎不能在如此短的时间内完成这些工作。getthrough做完。8.Inthepast,peoplesentamessageoverdistancesMorsecode.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去，这种原始的电报是在一段距离中用莫尔斯电码传递信息。using现在分词作状语。9.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethiefcaught.解析：考查动名词。句意：新证据的发现导致那个贼被捕。leadto导致，to是介词，后接动名词。thethiefbeingcaught是动名词的复合结构。10.Itwasamazingthatthenewmachinewouldallowdifferentconversationstoatthesametime.解析：sth.to。句意：令人惊奇的是新机器会几个会话同时进行。allowsth.tobedone让……被……，宾语与宾补之间是被动关系。Ⅲ.阅读理解Awarmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforthosewantingagoodnight'sleep.Butsleep.Butnowastudyhasfounditreallydoeshelppeoplenodoff—ifitismilkedfromacowatnight.Researchershavediscoveredthat“nightmilk”containsmoremelatonin(褪黑激素),whichhasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyandreduceanxiety.Thestudy,byresearchersfromSeoul,SouthKorea,involvedmicebeingfedwithdriedmilkpowdermadefromcowsmilkedbothduringthedayandatnight.Thosegivennightmilk,whichcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin,werelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosefedwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytime,accordingtothestudypublishedinTheJournalofMedicinalFood.Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemicetosleeplonger.Whiletheeffectofcowsmilkharvestedatdifferenttimehasnotbeentestedonhumansuptonow,takingmelatonindrugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoarestrugglingtofallasleepatnight.Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofthecalciumcontent,whichhelpspeopletorelax.Milkisalsosugarfreeandadditivefreewithnutritionistsremendingskimmedmilkasthebestchoicebeforebedasitistheleastfattening.Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.语篇导读本文是一篇研究报告。介绍在夜间取自奶牛的牛奶nightmilk含有大量的褪黑激素，能帮助人们入睡，减少焦虑。1.Accordingtohemicefedwithdaytimemilk_______.A.startedsleepmoreeasilyB.weremoreanxiousC.werelessactiveD.wokeuplater解析：B细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知饮用夜间取的牛奶的老鼠比饮用白天取的牛奶的老鼠不那么活跃不那么焦虑。故选B。2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofmelatoninaccordingto?A.It'sbeentestedonmicefortentimes.B.Itcanmakepeoplemoreenergetic.C.Isinmilkingreatamount.D.It'susedinsleepingdrugs.解析：D细节理解题。根据第六段takingmelatonindrugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoarestrugglingtofallasleepatnight.可知褪黑激素被用在安眠药中。故选D。3.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefor?A.NightMilkandSleepB.Fat,SugarandHealthC.AnExperimentonMiceD.MilkDrinkingandHealth解析：A主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句可知，饮用在夜间取自奶牛的牛奶能帮助人们入睡，减少焦虑。故选A。4.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeof?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bystatingarguments.C.Byexplainingstatisticaldata.D.Byprovidingresearchresults.解析：D篇章结构题。本文是通过提供研究结果，来支持第一段所提出的中心论点。故选D。TheScienceofRiskSeeking（2016·北京卷）Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking.5.______Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risktakerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.6______.Asthequalityofrisktakingwaspassedfromonegenerationto,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisktakingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstayinthecavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.7_____.Nomatterwhereyouareontheriskseekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.8______.Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.9.______Fortheriskseekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebeesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbeesactive.Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofriskseeking,we'llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.C.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.D.Thus,thesewellequippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.语篇导读本文是说明文。作者讲述有关冒险科学的探索方面的内容。5.F解析：选项F中的weighrisksandrewards与上文的“whenweweightheriskandthereward…”相呼应。故选F。6.C解析：选项C中的“Beingbetteratthosethings”与上文的“werebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring”相呼应。故选C。7.A解析：前文说人有不同的性格，因此你可能喜欢赛车或讨厌赛车，故A项“这完全是由你的性格决定的”符合语境。8.E解析：根据上文的“yourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.”以及下文的“yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.”可知E项符合语境。9.G解析：根据空后的“Fortheriskseekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebeesactive”可知，面对紧张的局面我们的大脑会有不同的反应。故选G。Ⅳ.短文改错（2016·浙江卷）WhenIwasaveryyoung,myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberwellyears.Everytimehearrivedhomeatend