江苏省无锡市高三上学期期中检测英语试题

第I卷（选择题，共85分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atschool. B.Inadepartmentstore. C.AttheLostandFound.2.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Waitingatthecorner. B.Ignoringthemistake. C.Callingthehotel.3.What’sthemainreasonforbuyingajacketnow?A.Itwillbecold.B.Theywillhavenomoneyleft.C.Shemaynotfindhersizelater.4.Wherewillthemanstaywhenstudyingabroad?A.Inahostfamily. B.Inanapartment. C.Inadormitory.5.Whatarethewomanandthemandoing?A.Theyarevisitinganothertown.B.Theyarewaitingforsomeone.C.Theyaretalkingaboutanaccident.第二节（共15小题；每小題1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟阅读各个小题；听完后，每个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhatdoesthemotherwantDavidtodo?A.Togetthebottleonthetopoftheshelf.B.Togetthecoveroffthebottle.C.Topickupsomeclothes.7.WhywasDavid’sfatherout?A.Becausehewasworking.B.Becausehewentouttotakehisumbrella.C.Becausehewenttothecleaner’s.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Closefriends. C.Doctorandpatient.9.Whyisithardforthewomantoreducesomeweight?A.Becauseherhusbandisfeedingher.B.Becausesheisstillworking.C.Becauseshehasnotimeforphysicalexercise.10.WhatdoesJessica’shusbandthinkofher?A.Sheistoofat. B.Sheworkstoohard. C.Shecouldchangeherjob.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdopeopleusuallyagreeon?A.Richchildrenhavemoreresourcesandadvantages.B.Manyrichchildrenarequalifiedtodomanyjobs.C.Richchildrenarebornwithoutpressure.12.WhyisTonysad?A.Peoplethinkhewasbornlucky.B.Peoplethinkheistooproud.C.Hehasfewadvantages.13.WhatdoesTonythinkofhimself?A.He’stoonervoustospeakbeforethehostess.B.He’spetitiveandpromising.C.He’sconfident,satisfiedandproud.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whydoesthewomanwanttosellherhouse?A.She’stiredoflivingthere.B.Shewantstoliveinaquietcountry.C.Shehasretiredandisshortofmoney.15.Howmuchdoesthewomanwantforherhouse?A.$15,000. B.$50,000. C.$150,000.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutbuyingthehouse?A.Hecan’taffordthehouse.B.Hemustdiscusswithhiswife.C.Heisn’tsatisfiedwiththehouse.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatcanwelearnfrom?A.ManyyoungpeoplearcoutofworkinAustralia.B.It’seasyforyoungpeopletofindjobsinAustralia.C.Youngpeopledon’thavetoworkinAustralia.18.WhatwillhappentoapersonwithgoodfinalexaminationresultsinAustralia?A.Heorshecanfindagoodjobmoreeasily.B.Heorshecan’tcontinuewithhisorhereducation.C.Itisdifficultforhimorhertofindajob.19.Whyhasn’tBrainfoundajobsofar?A.TherearefewerjobsinAustralia.B.Hedidn’tdowellatschool.C.Heaskedfortoomuchmoney.20.HowdoBrain’sparentsfeelnow?A.Happy. B.Worried. C.Frightened.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.Withnaturalresourcesbeingfewerandfewer,howtomakeuseofenergy,suchassunlightandwind,hasbeeourtoppriority.A.primary B.alternative C.instant D.unique22.Duringthepresidentialcampaign,DonaldTrumprepeatedlyvowedtotearuptheagreementof“TheParisClimateAccord”,hesaidwashurtingAmericanworkers.A.which B.what C.where D.when23.Onceagain,terroristshaveusedvehiclestodeadlyattacksthistimeinSpain.A.holdout B.bringout C.carryout D.pickout24.—Personally,it’shisthrillforsuccessinthebeginningthatresultedinhisfinalfailure.—Youbet.Justasweallknow,.A.Nopains,nogains B.ReadinessisallC.Pridegoesbeforeafall D.Everylittlemakesamickle25.Good,better,best.Neverletit.Tillgoodisbetterandbetterbest.A.sink B.submit C.ripen D.rest26.Ifweloseloveandselfrespectforeachother,thisiswefinallydie.A.what B.how C.when D.where27.NooneIknowanyreliablewaytopreventthecrushingpainbutsomebookssaytotrystretchingexercisingandwarmbaths.A.lookedbackon B.cameupwith C.stoodupfor D.splitofffrom28.Butforthesurvivalinstinctthatnearlyallcreatureshave,morespeciesfromtheearth.A.coulddisappear B.mighthavedisappearedC.shoulddisappear D.willhavedisappeared29.Onlyinyoutogoonlivingjustonedayintheyear,softly,quietly,asIhavealwayslivednearyou.A.doIwish B.Iwish C.haveIwished D.Ihavewished30.TyphoonHatobroughtpowerfulwindsandfloodingtotheregionofsoutheastChinaandseveraldeathsonthestorminAugust,2017.A.wereblamed B.wouldbeblamed C.hadbeenblamed D.havebeenblamed31.Lifeaffordsnohigherpleasurethanthatofoveringdifficulties,fromonestepofsuccesstoanother.A.topass B.havingpassed C.passed D.passing32.Wuxiisnowamodemcitywithmanyattractions,mostofapproachedwithin30minutesbypublictransportfromthecitycentre.A.that B.them C.which D.whom33.whitesymbolizespurityandinnocence,itisusedinmanyimportantsituations.A.While B.Once C.Since D.Though34.Asisknowntousall,BritishSummerTimeisonehourGreenwichMeanTime.A.inadvanceof B.intermsof C.incontrastto D.inrelationto35.saysthatschoolyearsarethebesttimeofone’slifeisprobablyanadultonewho’sforgottenthehardworkofbeingatschool.A.Whatever B.Whichever C.Whomever D.Whoever第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mostpeopleneedtohearthose‘‘threelittlewords”Iloveyou.Onceinawhile,theyhearthemjustintime.ImetConnieonthedaywhenshewas36tothehospiceward(病房),whereIworkedasavolunteer.Herhusband,Bill,stood37nearbyasshewas38fromthegurney(轮床)tothehospitalbed.38Conniewasinthefinalstagesofherfightagainstcancer,shewasoptimisticandcheerful.Ifinished40hernameonallthehospitalsuppliesshewouldbeusing.Conniewasaromantic.Aswebecame41,sheexpressedhow42itwastobemarried32yearstoacarpenterwhooftencalledher“asillywoman”.“I’dgiveanythingifhe’dsay‘Iloveyou’,butit’sjustnotinhis43.”shesighed.BillvisitedConnieeveryday.Oneday,overcoffeeinthecafeteria,Igothimonthe44ofwomenandhowweneed45inourlives;howwelovetogetsentimental(富有情感的)cardsandloveletters.“DoyoutellConnieyouloveher?”Iasked,andhelookedatme46Iwascrazy.“Idon’thaveto.”hesaid,“SheknowsIdo!”“I’msuresheknows,”Isaid,reachingoverandtouchinghis47hands,“butsheneedstohearit,Bill,sheneedstohearwhatshehas48toyoualltheseyears.”TwodayslaterIwalkeddownthehospicewardatnoon.TherestoodBill,leaningupagainstthe49inthehallway,50A.M.thefloor.IalreadyknewfromtheheadnursethatConniehaddiedat11A.M.WhenBillsawme,he51himselftoeintomyarmsforalongtime.Hisfacewaswetwithtearsandhewas52.Finally,heleanedbackagainstthewallandtookadeepbreath.“Ihavetosaysomething,”hesaid.“Ihavetosayhow53...feelabouttellingher.”Hestoppedtoblowhisnose.“ThismorningItoldherhowmuchIlovedher...andlovedbeingmarriedtoher.You54haveseenhersmile!”IwentintotheroomtosaymyowngoodbyetoConnie.There,onthebedsidetable,wasalargeValentinecardfromBill.Youknow,thesentimentalkindthat55wife...ywonderfulwife...Iloveyou.”36.A.objected B.determined C.forced D.admitted37.A.numbly B.casually C.impatiently D.nervously38.A.transferred B.transformed C.prevented D.protected39.A.As B.Since C.Though D.Because40.A.sculpturing B.marking C.announcing D.signing41.A.acquainted B.consistent C.arbitrary D.considerate42.A.crazy B.delighted C.satisfied D.upset43.A.character B.talent C.nature D.virtue44.A.target B.subject C.point D.object45.A.sympathy B.warmth C.fort D.romance46.A.evenif B.asthough C.ifonly D.incase47.A.rough B.smooth C.delicate D.clumsy48.A.appealed B.taken C.meant D.submitted49.A.window B.wall C.bed D.table50.A.glancing B.staring C.weeping D.praying51.A.involved B.occupied C.allowed D.devoted52.A.trembling B.mourning C.regretting D.aching53.A.sorry B.confused C.doubtful D.relieved54.A.would B.should C.could D.might55.A.writes B.explains C.conveys D.underlines第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AJoiningyoufortwodaysinVienna,KristinaandIanwillsharetheirexperttipsduringaprivateQ&AperiodandrevealtheirtalentsinaprivateperformanceatthewonderfulPalaisLiechtenstein.FromBudapesttoNurembergviathegreenbeautyoftheWachauValley,thisisawonderfulopportunitytoexplorethecultureofthissplendidriverwithtwoveryspecialguests.HighlightsEventswithKristinaRihanoffandIanWaite.JoinStrictlyeDancingstarsKristinaRihanoffandIanWaite,whowilldeliverawonderfulprivatedanceperformancesetagainstthebackgroundofPalaisLiechtenstein.YouwillalsohavetheopportunitytoraiseyourownquestionsduringtheQ&Aperiodwiththedancers.SailaboardtheScenicAmberLaunchedin2016,theluxurious(奢华的)ScenicAmberfeaturessixcabin(客舱)classes,includingthebestbalconysuiteswithsuperbminibar,asuitebathroomwithL’OccitaneToiletries,individualclimatecontrolandanallweathergreenhouse.Youwillalsoenjoyfacilitiesincludingapool,spa,fitnesscentreandfinediningintheCrystalDiningRoom.DiscoverViennaandBudapestDiscoverBudapest’shistorichighlightsincludingHeroes’SquareandBudaCastle,visitthecity’swarmbathsandexplorethesecretHospitalinTheRock.InVienna,delightintheexcellenceofSchonbrunnPalace,enjoyaprivateclassicalmusicconcertatPalaisLiechtensteinandvisittheworldfamousSpanishRidingSchool.AchoiceofculturalexperiencesThroughoutthetouryouwillenjoyawidevarietyofculturalexperiencesthatwillbringeachcountryanddestinationtolife.ExploreMelkAbbey,discoverCeskyKrumlov,theancientjeweloftheCzechRepublic,ortakeaguidedtourofSalzburg,settingfortheSoundofMusic.YouwillalsohavethechancetoexploreRegensburg’shistoricOldTownonthelastday.Pricefrom£2,395perpersonfor8daysDatesJuly25Aug.1andOct.25Nov.1,2018Interested?Pleasecallat.56.WhilestayingwithKristinaRihanoffandIanWaite,you’reto.A.shareyoursuggestionsonthisspecialtourB.witnesstheirgreatsuccessatPalaisLiechtensteinC.experiencethecultureofsplendidnaturalsceneryD.keepsilentduringaprivateQ&Aperiod57.IfyouorderthistripinSeptember,you’ll.A.liveintheluxuriousbalconysuiteswithsuperbminibaratonly£2,395B.enjoyabigdinnerintheCrystalDiningRoomC.learntorideintheworldfamousSpanishRidingSchoolD.YouwillexploreRegensburg’shistoricOldTownonOct.25BAnewappistryingtomakeitsimplertohelpyoureacttophotosandvideosthatyourfriendspostonline—it’susingAItocapture(捕捉)yourfacialexpressionsandautomaticallytranslatethemintoarangeofemojifaces.Polygram,whichisfreeandavailableonlyfortheiPhonefornow,isasocialappthatletsyousharethingslikephotos,videos,andmessages.UnlikeonFacebook,though,whereyouhaveasmallrangeofpresetreactionstochoosefrombeyondclickingalittlethumbsupicon,Polygramusesaneural(神经的)networkthatrunslocallyonthephonetofigureoutifyou’resmiling,bored,embarrassed,surprised,andmore.MarcinKmiec,oneofPolygram’sfounders,saystheapp’sAIworksbycapturingyourfacewiththefrontfacingcameraonthephoneandanalyzingtheimagesasquicklyaspossible,ratherthanjustlookingatspecificpointsonthefacelikeyoureyesandnose.Thisisdonedirectlyonthephone,usingtheiPhone’spictureprocessingunit,hesays.Whenyoulookatapostintheapp,youseeasmallyellowemojionthebottomofthedisplay,itsexpressionchangingalongwithyourrealone.There’saslightdelay—20milliseconds,whichisjusthardtonotice—betweenwhatyou’reexpressingonyourfaceandwhatshowsupintheapp.Theapprecordsyourresponse(s)inalittlelogofemojionthesideofthescreen,alongwiththoseofotherswho’vealreadylookedatthesamepost.Theappismeanttoappealtothosewhoreallycareabouthowthey’reunderstoodonsocialmedia.Userscanseearecordoftheemojireactionstoeachphotoorvideotheyposttotheapp,aswellasdetailsaboutwholookedatthepost,howlongtheylookedatit,andwherethey’relocated.Eventually,thefounderssay,theymayreleasesoftwaretoolsthatletotherdeveloperseupwiththeirownapplicationsforthetechnology.58.Asanewsocialapp,whichcharacteristicofPolygramisTrue?A.ItischeapandavailableonlyfortheiPhonefornow.B.Iteventuallytransfersemojifacestofacialexpressionsautomatically.C.Itspecializesinaneuralnetworkthatrunsoriginallyonyourphone.D.Itneedstochoosefrommanyreactionsthathavebeensetpreviously.59.ThosewhowillbeobviouslyattractedbythisnewApp.A.arenewtechnologyfans B.areaddictedtonewiPhonesC.havegreatpassionforemojis D.areconcernedaboutselfevaluation60.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Topromoteandsellanewsoftware. B.Tointroducetousanewandpopularapp.C.Torevealthesignificanceofnewtechnology. D.Toinformusofthepopularityofanewapp.CTherecession(经济衰退)ofwasremarkableinrichcountriesandthefollowingrecoveryisweak.Thelabormarkethasalsobrokentherules,asnewresearchfromtheOECDshowsinitsannualEmploymentOutlook.Youngpeoplealwayssufferinrecessions.Employersstophiringthem;andtheyoftengetridofnewyoungpeoplebecausetheyareeasiertofire.Butinthepreviousrecessionsofthe1970s,1980sand1990s,olderworkerswerealsokickedout.Thistimeisdifferent.Duringthefinancialcrisisin2008,andsince,theyhavedonebetterthanotheragegroups.Theresearchersfocusonchangesin“nonemployment”asashareofthetotalpopulationofthreeagegroupsbetweenthefinalquartersof2007and2012.Thismeasurehastheadvantageofincludingnotjustunemployment,wherepeoplearelookingforwork,butalsoinactivity,wherepeoplearenotseekingjobs.WhiletheaveragenonemploymentrateintheOECDhasrisenbyfourpercentagepointsamongyoungpeopleandbyoneandahalfpointsamong25to54yearolds,ithasfallenbytwopointsamongthe5564agegroup.Whyhaveolderemployeesdonesowell?InsomesouthernEuropeancountriestheybenefitfromjobprotectionnotaffordedtoyoungerworkers,butthatdidnotreallyhelptheminthepastrecessions.“Whathaschanged,”saysStefanoScarpetta,headoftheOECD,“isthatfirmsnowbearthefullcostsofgettingridofolderstaff.”Thepastearlyretirementschemes(方案)providedbygovernments(inthemistakenbeliefthatthesewouldhelpyoungpeople)madeitcheapertopushgreyhairedworkersoutofthedoor.Thesehavelargelybeenstopped.Joblossesamongolderworkershavealsobeenmorethanoffset(抵消)byfallsininactivity,reflectingpressuresthatwerealreadyobviousbeforethecrisis.Olderworkersnowhaveasharpermotivationtostayinemploymentbecauseoftheimpactofthecrisisonwealth.Besides,olderworkersarehealthierthantheyusedtobeandworkislessphysicallydemanding.Theyarealsomoreattractivetoemployersthanpreviousgenerations.Today’s55to64yearoldsaretheadvancegroupofthepostwargenerationswhobenefitedfrombettereducationthantheirpreviousones.Manywillarguethatolderworkershavedonebetterattheexpenseoftheyoung.Thatviewisabsurd.First,itisafallacythatajobgainedforonepersonisajoblostforanother;thereisnofixed“lumpoflabor(劳动合成)”.Andsecond,asthereportshows,youngandoldpeopleareingeneralnotreplacersintheworkplace.Theydodifferenttypesofworkindifferenttypesofoccupation;youngerpeoplearemoreattractedbyITfirms,forexample,whileolderfolkstendtobeemployedinmoretraditionalindustries.Thereareplentyofthingsthatshouldbedonetohelptheyoungjobless,butgettingolderworkersoutoftheworkplaceisnotoneofthem.61.Theoriginalpurposeofthepastearlyretirementschemesprovidedbygovernmentsisto.A.cutthehighcostoftheelderly B.makeroomforyoungpeopleC.establishgoodsocialwelfaresystem D.guaranteetheretirementlifeoftheelderly62.Whydoolderworkershavealowernonemploymentratethantheyoungpeople?A.Theirhealthconditionisbetterthanthatoftheyoungpeople.B.Theyhavebettereducationbackgroundthantheyoungpeople.C.Thepresentretirementschemeensuresthemmorebenefitsthanthepreviousone.D.Theireducationbackgroundcaterstoemployersmorethanthatoftheyoungpeople.63.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“fallacy”inthelastparagraph?A.Wrongbelief. B.monassumption. C.Simpletruth. D.Beautifuldream.64.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Unfairinemployment? B.Jobdiscrimination?C.Youngpeoplesuffer? D.Gladtobegrey?DChinasufferschokingsmog,massdestructionofhabitatsandfoodpoisonedwithheavymetals.Butaskanenvironmentalistwhatisthecountry’sbiggestproblem,andtheanswerisalwaysthesame.“Wateristheworst,”saysWangTao,oftheCarnegieTsinghuaCentreinBeijing,“becauseofitsshortage,andbecauseofitspollution.”“Withoutwater,’’agreesPanJiahua,oftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences,“peoplecannotsurviveinadesert.’’WangShucheng,aformerwaterminister,oncesaid,“Tofightforeverydropofwaterordie.ThatisthechallengefacingChina.”Hewasnotexaggerating(夸大).Chinauses600billioncubicmetersofwaterayear.Thenationalaveragehidesanevenmorealarmingregionaldifference.FourfifthsofChina’swaterisinthesouth,particularlytheYangtzeriverbasin.Halfthepeopleandtwothirdsofthefarmlandareinthenorth,includingtheYellowRiverbasin.BeijinghasthesortofwatershortageusuallyassociatedwithSaudiArabia:just100cubicmetersperpersonayear.Chinaisusingupwateratanunsustainable(无法可持续的)rate.Asifthatwerenotbadenough,.TheYellowRiverisoftencalledthecradleofChinesecivilization.However,athirdofthewaterisunfitevenforagriculture.Fourthousandpetrochemicalfactoriesarebuiltonitsbanks.Thewateravailableforuseisthussobad.SongLanhe,chiefengineerforurbanwaterqualitymonitoringatthehousingministry,saysonlyhalfthewatersourcesincitiesaresafetodrink.MorethanhalfthegroundwaterinthenorthChinaplaincannotbeusedforindustry,whilesevententhsisunfitforhumancontact,evenforwashing.Thebestanswerwouldbetoimprovetheefficiency(效率)withwhichwaterisused.Onlyabout40%ofwaterusedinindustryisrecycled,halfasmuchasinEurope.Therestisdumpedinriversandlakes.WangZhanshengofTsinghuaUniversityarguesthatChinaisneglectingitsurbanwaterinfrastructure(基础设施),leadingtomorewaste.WaterpricesinmostcitiesareonlyaboutatenthofthelevelinbigEuropeancities,yetthegovernmentisunwillingtoraisethem,forfearofapopularcriticism.TheresultisthatChina’s“waterproductivity”islow.Ratherthanmakingwisereformsinpricingandwaterprotection,Chinaisfocusingonincreasingsupplies.ThebestknownsuchprojectistheThreeGorgesdamontheYangtze.ButthisyearanevenvasterprojecttheSouthNorthWaterDiversionProject(南水北调工程)isduetostart.ItwilllinktheYangtzewiththeYellowRiver,takingwaterfromthewetsouthtothedrynorth.Whenfinished,itisintendedtodeliver45billioncubicmetersofwaterayearandtocostatotalof486billionyuan($79.4billion).Theenvironmentaldamagecouldbehuge.TheYangtzeisalreadyseriouslypolluted.TheprojectsofarhasreducedthequantityofunderwaterlifeintheYangtzebyovertwothirds.Andthatwasbeforeitevenopened.MaJun.China’sbestknownenvironmentalactivist,saysthegovernment’spreferenceforgiantengineeringprojectsonlymakesmattersworse,“causingustohitthelimitsofourwaterresources”.ThewatercrisisisdrivingChinatodesperatebuteventuallyunhelpfulmeasures.65.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphsweknowthat.A.waterisbadlypollutedinmostoftheareaofChinaB.thewaterinChinaisunfitforpeopletosurviveinadesertC.WangShuchengwassadaboutChina’sfutureD.peopleinNorthChinaarefacingamoreseriouswatershortage66.WhichofthefollowingmayhelppletethemissingsentenceinPara.3?A.Chinaispollutingwhatlittlewaterithasleft.B.Thebiggestdamageofthewater.shortagecouldbepolitical.C.300deadbodieswerefoundfloatingintheYellowRivernearLanzhou.D.TheChinesegovernmenthavereacted,towaterproblemsbyhugebutharmfulprojects.67.HowdoesSongLanheconvinceusthatthewateravailableforuseissobad?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingparisons. D.Bydeliveringwarnings.68.Chinacanraise“waterproductivity”by.A.offeringdiversewatersuppliesandconservationB.strengtheningconstructionofwaterinfrastructureandrecyclingC.raisingwaterpricesinbigcitiesasEuropeancountriesD.buildingupmoregiantwaterprojectsandcooperatingwithneighbors69.Accordingtotheauthor,theSouthNorthWaterDiversionProjectis.A.avastandsignificantproject B.ahugeandpromisingprojectC.agiantbutunsuccessfulproject D.acostlybuteffectiveproject70.Bysaying“ThewatercrisisisdrivingChinatodesperatebuteventuallyunhelpfulmeasures”inthelastparagraph,theauthorimplies.A.thereisnogoodwayforChinatosolvetheproblemofwatercrisisB.moregiantprojectsliketheThreeGorgesshouldbebuiltC.itisurgentforChinatodealwiththecrisisofwatershortageandpollutionD.Chinashouldputforwardotherefficientwaysinsteadofthosegiantengineeringprojects第Ⅱ卷（两部分，共35分）第四部分任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的词。SmallTalkMayMakeUsHappierSmalltalk.Chitchat.Thesearetheshortconversationswehaveatparties,whilewearewaitinginlineatthestore,atfamilyeventsoratwork.Sometimeswemakesmalltalkwithpeoplewealreadyknowbutnotwell.Oftenwehavetomakesmalltalkwithpletestrangers.Manypeoplefindthesesmallconversationsaboutrandomtopicsdifficult.Somepeoplesaytheyhateit.Otherssaysmalltalkisawasteoftime.Theymayevencallitinactivechitchatorinactivechatter,meaningitdoesn’tdoanything.Theyconsidersmalltalkunimportant.However,smalltalkisimportant.Theseexchangescanopendoorsthatmayleadtolarger,moremeaningfulconversations.Whenyoufirstmeetsomeoneortalktosomeoneyoudon’tknowwell,itwouldbeawkwardtobeginaconversation.However,smalltalkdoeshelp.Smalltalkalsogivesyouthechancetodecideifyouwanttogettoknowthatpersonbetterornot.Chitchatcanalsoincreaseyourfeelingofunderstandingtowardpeopleyouknowbutnotwell.Chattingwithacolleagueabouttheirchildmayhelpyoutounderstandmoreoftheirlifeoutsidetheoffice.Thiscouldhelpbuildhealthyworkrelationships.Smalltalkcouldevenhelpourlargermunitiesourrelationshipswithneighborsandcolleagues.However,somepeoplearenotgoodatsmalltalk.Makingsmalltalkdoesn’thavetobeeitherawkwardorboring.Herearesometipstoimproveyoursmalltalkingability.Havesomeconversationstartersready.Ifyouhaveseenareallygoodmovieorhavereadareallygoodbook,youcantalkaboutthat.Youcantalkaboutsomethingthatyourecentlylearned.Whenyouaresharingthesameexperiencewithsomeone,it’seasytostartaconversation.Yousimplynoticeandmentonwhat’sgoingonaroundyou.Forexample,ifyouareatapartyandasongesonthatyoulikeorthatremindsyouofsomething,youcantalkaboutthat.Askopenendedquestions.Thesetypesofquestionsrequiremorethoughtandmorethanasimpleonewordanswer.Ifyouaskquestionsthatneedmoredetailstoanswer,theconversationwillgoonlonger.Forexample,ifyouareatasummerpoolparty,don’taskapersoniftheylikesummer.Instead,askthemwhattheylikeordislikeaboutsummer.So,insteadofgettingaonewordanswer,youmighthavethechancetoshareinamemory.Beeastudent.Nobodyknowseverything.So,assomeoneisansweringoneofyouropenendedquestions,theybringupsomethingaboutwhichyouknownothing.So,tellthem!Thisletstheotherpersonbeetheteacher.Theyfeelgoodaboutsharingtheirknowledgeandyougettolearnsomething.It’sawinwinsituation.Don’task“So,whatdoyoudo?”Somepeopledonotliketheirjobs.Ormaybetheydon’twanttotalkaboutit.So,insteadofasking,“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?”youmayasksomethinglike,“So,whathaveyoubeendoingthesedays?”or“So,whathaveyoubeenupto?”Onegeneralquestioncanleadtoanopportunitytosharesomethingyouhaveinmon.So,askquestions.Askpeopleabouttheirfamilies,theirambitionsoreventheirfears.However,balancethesequestionswithmentsaboutyourself.Askingtoomanyquestionsmaymakepeoplefeeltheyareinaninterviewratherthaninaconversation.Likeanythingelse,gettinggoodatmakingsmalltalktakespractice.Ifyoumakesmalltalkinyournativelanguage,youmightbeehappier.IfyoumakesmalltalkinEnglish,youwillmostdefinitelyimproveyourspea