《中考快车道.中考总复习 英语》题型六　短文填空

英语课件使用说明124课件点击文本框即可编辑（若无法编辑请安装常用软件WPS或OFFICE2010软件）。课件页面的宽高比为16:9，请选用宽高比一致的电脑播放。使用课件时遇到任何问题可联我们将竭诚为您服务。客服微信3目录页点击栏目名称可跳转到对应栏目页面。第二部分专题突破

二、题型突破

题型六短文填空专题概述典例精析体验中考专题演练

短文填空主要考查考生的整体阅读能力、语言知识运用能力、逻辑思维能力、书面表达能力以及单词拼写能力。这类题型一般是给出一篇意思完整的短文,从中挖去10个空,然后让学生从给出的12个词中选择合适的单词,填入短文中,使短文通顺、完整。有时候需要根据短文语境对所填单词进行词形变换。

一、题型特征1.短文填空的语篇类型以记叙文、说明文为主,有时也涉及应用文等其他文体。2.选用的短文题材广泛,考查的知识面广。凡涉及英文理解、词汇运用、语法和习惯用法的考点都可能会考查。短文内容包罗万象,包括天文地理、历史人文、科技发展、个人轶事等。

二、考试趋势1.重点考查学生的单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力。2.近几年,短文填空主要考查动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、连词、介词、从句引导词等,兼顾数词等其他词性。这类题重视句子间的关联,基于词义的词形、词性转换,以及根据词在句中的位置确定大小写变化。3.短文填空的设题力求答案的唯一性。

三、答题技巧

做这类题时,可以按如下步骤:通读全文——把握大意——尝试填词——检查修正。1.理解文章大意。

先跳过挖空处,通读短文,了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句,善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点,理清文脉,推测全文主题及大意。2.认真分析句法结构。

认真复读短文,利用上下文语境和所学知识,通过句法分析弄清楚要填的词是在句中充当主语、谓语还是宾语等。如果是主语或宾语,要填的应当是名词或代词;如果是谓语,要填的应当是动词;如果是在名词前作定语或者是在系动词后作表语,要填的应当是形容词。例如:“I_____

hungry.”中hungry是形容词,作表语,因此可以填空的词有be、feel、look等系动词。经过这样的句法分析后,适合每个空的选择范围就会大大缩小。

3.判断所需词形。

在确定所需的词后,还要考虑是否要进行词形变化。如果是名词或代词,要考虑是用单数还是用复数;如果是人称代词,要考虑是用主格还是宾格;如果是动词,要考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词;如果是谓语动词,要考虑其时态和语态等。4.掌握固定搭配。

根据挖空处前后构成的固定搭配关系来分析。如makeamistake、atleast、takecareof、payattentionto、haveapopulationof、getonwellwith等。5.利用基本常识。

长江是中国最长的河流,月亮绕着地球转,地球绕着太阳转,光速比声速快,街道、河流有两边等。我们可以利用这些常识来判断该填什么样的词。6.抓住逻辑关键词。

关键词也可以帮助判断该填哪个词。阅读时可重点关注如下关键词:first…then…finally、notonly…butalso、either…or、too…to、so…that、but、although等等。【例】(人与社会——历史、社会与文化——跨文化沟通与交流,语言与文化;家乡和社会的变迁,历史的发展,对未来的畅想)

请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余选项。along

although

beauty

because

deep

enjoyexample explore new performance something underMike

is

a

landscape

architect(设计师)

from

Europe.

He

came

to

Guangzhou

16

years

ago

and

has

never

left

since

then.Mike

says

he

likes

Guangzhou

very

much

1.

the

city

is

full

of

life.

He

lives

in

a

traditional

neighborhood.

Every

day,

he

can

see

his

neighbors

playing

chess

in

the

park,

dancing

2.

the

river

or

chatting

in

the

market.

Mike

3.

seeing

these

moments.

He

thinks

the

4.

of

a

city

lies

in

both

its

people

and

its

environment.“When

people

are

connected

to

a

place,

it

brings

life

to

it,”Mike

says.

Recently,

Mike

has

formed

a

habit

of

cycling

around

to

5.

the

city

at

weekends.

He

says

he

loves

to

see

old

neighborhoods

take

on

a

6.

look.

For

him,

city

development

is

not

about

building

7..new,

but

about

making

use

of

what’s

already

there

in

a

creative

way.

His

favorite

8.

is

a

car

repair

shop

near

his

home.

As

people

get

together

there

at

night

andgive

some

9.

of

Guangdong

opera,

the

shop

turns

into

a

community

theater.“It

wasn’t

designed

to

be

one;

it

just

became

one,”Mike

tells

a

reporter.“This

influenced

me

10.

.

I

came

to

realize

that,

as

architects,

we

should

design

with

people

to

keep

a

city

alive.”

(2025·广东中考)

【解析】来自欧洲的景观设计师迈克在广州生活了16年,深爱这座城市的活力与人文气息。他观察到邻里间的日常互动可以赋予城市生命力,认为城市魅力源于人与环境的融合。周末他常骑车探索广州,欣赏老街区通过创意改造而焕发的新面貌。这些经历让他领悟到:城市设计应以人为本,应通过创新的方式利用现有资源来激发社区活力,而非单纯追求建造新建筑。1.句意:迈克说他非常喜欢广州,因为这座城市充满了活力。挖空处前后都是完整的句子,应填连词;根据句意可知,前后两个句子构成前

“果”后

“因”的关系,because“因为”为表示因果关系的连词。故答案为because。2.句意:每天,他都能看到邻居们在公园里下棋,在河边跳舞,或者在市场里聊天。根据

“dancing

...

the

river”及备选词汇可知,此处指沿着河边跳舞;介词along意为

“沿着”,符合语境。故答案为along。3.句意:迈克喜欢看到这些(生活)片段。挖空处位于名词Mike后,应填谓语动词;结合段首句

“Mike

says

he

likes

Guangzhou

very

much

...”可知,迈克喜欢看到这些生活片段,应用动词enjoy“喜欢”;文章时态为一般现在时,主语Mike为第三人称单数,此处应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故答案为enjoys。4.句意:他认为一座城市的美丽在于它的居民和环境。挖空处位于the和of之间,应填名词;结合下文

“When

people

are

connected

to

a

place,

it

brings

life

to

it”及备选词汇可知,此处指城市的美丽,beauty“美丽”为不可数名词。故答案为beauty。5.句意:最近,迈克养成了周末骑自行车探索城市的习惯。挖空处位于to之后,应填动词原形,形成

“动词不定式”结构作目的状语;根据句意和备选词汇可知,这里想表达的是

“骑自行车来达到探索城市的目的”,动词explore意为

“探索”,符合语境。故答案为explore。6.句意:他说他喜欢看到老街区呈现新面貌。分析句子结构可知,挖空处应为形容词,用作定语修饰后面的名词look“样子”;根据句意和备选词汇可知,“old

neighborhoods

take

on

a

new

look”意为

“老街区呈现新面貌”,形容词new意为

“新的”,符合语境。故答案为new。7.句意:对他来说,城市发展不是建造新的东西,而是以创造性的方式利用现有的东西。根据

“building

...

new”可知,挖空处由其后的形容词new修饰,应填不定代词,形成

“不定代词+形容词”的结构;结合句意可知,此处指出城市发展不是建造一些新的东西,不定代词something意为

“一些东西”,符合语境。故答案为something。8.句意:他最喜欢的例子是他家附近的一家汽车修理店。根据上下文可知,“a

car

repair

shop”是一个以创造性的方式利用现有的东西的例子,应用名词example“例子”;根据其后的be动词is,可知主语为单数。故答案为example。9.句意:当人们晚上聚集在那里表演粤剧时,这家商店变成了一个社区剧院。根据

“give

some

...

of

Guangdong

opera”可知,此处指粤剧表演,应用可数名词performance“表演”;再根据限定词some“一些”,可知应填名词的复数形式。故答案为performances。10.句意:这深深地影响了我。根据下文

“I

came

to

realize

that,

as

architects,

we

should

design

with

people

to

keep

a

city

alive.”可知,“我”受到影响的程度很深;挖空处作为状语,应用形容词deep“深的”的副词形式。故答案为deeply。(人与社会——文学、艺术与体育——日常体育活动,重大体育赛事,体育精神)

请从方框内选择适当的词,并根据需要用其正确形式填空,使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意:每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。always

among

and

answer

believe

big

but

city

grow

seldom

they

wheneverAs

summer

comes

around,

outdoor

activities

are

getting

more

and

more

popular.

One

of

1.

is

bike

riding,

or

biking.

The

biking

craze

(热潮)

is

now

sweeping

through

China.

Wang

Jing

is

a

student

from

Hangzhou.

She

2.

exercised

before

because

she

didn’t

like

sports

much.

But

since

her

hometown

hosted

the

Asian

Games

in

2023,

her

interest

in

sports

has

3.

a

lot.

She

has

realized

the

benefits

of

sports

4.

is

now

a

big

fan

of

biking.

themseldomgrownand

“I

feel

free

and

peaceful

5.

I

ride,”Wang

said.“Biking

allows

me

to

experience

the

beauty

along

the

road

and

the

world

seems

to

slow

down,”she

added.

Wang

is

only

one

of

those

who

are

deeply

in

love

with

biking.

In

6.

like

Chengdu

and

Beijing,

thousands

of

people

have

started

to

join

in

the

biking

craze.

whenevercitiesWill

the

craze

in

China

last

for

a

long

time?

The

7.

is“Yes.”Thanks

to

the

craze,

there

have

been

events

like

group

rides

and

bike

festivals.

These

create

a

sense

of

community

8.

bikers.

They

share

road

information,

biking

experience

and

sometimes

even

meals.

They

are

just

like

a

9.

family.

As

biking

has

become

a

lifestyle,

experts

10.

that

this

biking

craze

will

continue.

They

expect

a

sharp

increase

in

the

number

of

bike

riders.

(2024·广东中考)answeramongbigbelieve(一)(人与自然——环境保护——环境污染及原因,环保意识和行为)Doyoubelievepickinguprubbishhasbecomeaworldcompetition?ago

piece

how

but

collect

team

clean

around

it

helpful

hold

soInNovember2023,thefirstRubbishCollectionWorldCupwas1.

inAsia.2.

from21countriestookpartinit.Accordingtotherules,eachteamhad60minutesto3.

asmuchrubbishaspossible.Britainfinallywonthechampion.“Wehopemorepeople4.

theworldwillpayattentiontoenvironmentalproblems,”saidaBritishteammember.

heldTeamscollectaroundWhen

Ken,

the

founder(创始人)

of

the

competition,

was

interviewed,

he

talked

about

5.

he

came

up

with

the

idea.

Several

years

6.

,

he

found

many

sea

animals

died

after

they

ate

the

rubbish

in

the

sea.

7.

he

started

to

pick

up

rubbish

on

his

way

to

the

beach

every

morning.

“Picking

up

a

8.

of

rubbish

may

save

a

turtle’s(海龟的)

life.

9.

is

also

a

good

way

to

keep

the

beach

clean.”In

his

eyes,

changing

people’s

thoughts

about

rubbish

is

more

important.

“Picking

up

rubbish

is

meaningful

and

10.

,”added

Ken.“Now,

I

am

glad

to

hear

that

lots

of

people

take

part

in

it

to

protect

our

environment.”

howagoSopieceIthelpful(二)(人与社会——科学与技术——科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新)There

is

a

small

thing

we

use

every

day.

We

usually

put

1.

in

the

bathroom.

Without

it,

we

might

have

tooth

problems.

Can

you

guess

2.

it

is?

Yes,

it’s

the

toothbrush.

But

do

you

know

anything

about

its

history?

it

either

be

because

what

else

by

invent

clean

popular

habit

hundreditwhatAccording

to

some

research,

before

toothbrushes

appeared,

the

ancient

Chinese

people

3.

their

teeth

with

some

small

tree

branches

(树枝).

About

800

years

ago,

people

made

a

kind

of

brushes

with

pig

hair

and

bamboo.

It

might

4.

the

world’s

earliest

form

of

toothbrushes.

As

time

went

5.

,

the

forms

of

toothbrushes

changed.

For

example,

people

chose

horse-tail

hair

instead

of

pig

hair

6.

pig

hair

was

too

hard.

Imagine

that

you

travel

back

to

7.

of

years

ago

and

brush

your

teeth

comfortably.

It

sounds

fantastic,

doesn’t

it?

cleanedbebybecausehundredsAround

the

15th

century,

the

Chinese

toothbrush

found

its

way

into

Europe.

It

became

8.

among

local

people

soon.

The

9.

.

of

toothbrushes

was

not

as

famous

as

that

of

paper-making,

but

it

was

very

useful

in

daily

life.

Today

we

have

a

good

10.

of

brushing

teeth.

We

should

thank

the

ancient

Chinese

for

it.

(2023·广东中考)popularinventionhabit(三)(人与自然——自然生态——热爱与敬畏自然,与自然和谐共生)Nature

is

amazing!

Take

a

close

look

at

the

world

of

insects,

and

you’ll

1.

many

unbelievable

things.

Take

butterflies

as

an

example.

Their

wings

are

colorful

and

they

have

fantastic

flying

2.

.

On

summer

days,

you

can

always

see

them

flying

freely

over

flower

gardens

and

wild

fields.

for

over

what

appear

example

differentit howskillsmall discoverhoweverdiscoverskillsBut

do

you

know

3.

butterflies

become

flying

insects?

It’s

one

of

the

amazing

wonders

of

nature.

In

the

beginning,

a

female

butterfly

lays

a

4.

and

colorful

egg

on

a

leaf

of

a

plant.

It’s

hard

to

believe

that

the

egg

will

become

something

completely

5.

in

a

few

days.

It

becomes

a

walking

insect.

This

insect

is

called“caterpillar(毛虫)”.

It

has

legs,

eyes

and

a

large

body.

It

can

eat,

walk

and

see.

6.

,

it

is

still

not

a

butterfly

yet.

howsmalldifferentHoweverSoon,

after

growing

big,

the

caterpillar

makes

a

cover

7.

itself.

It

covers

itself

in

the

nice

protective

blanket

(保护层)

and

goes

to

sleep.

After

some

time,

the

blanket

breaks

and

a

wet,

weak

butterfly

8.

.

It

now

has

six

legs,

a

mouth,

eyes

and

wings.

Shortly,

the

wings

fill

with

blood,

and

the

beautiful

butterfly

spreads

9.

wings

and

flies

away.

The

Chinese

phrase“po

jian

cheng

die”can

describe

the

butterfly’s

development

best.

This

is

just

one

10.

of

the

wonders

of

nature.

Look

around

the

natural

world,

and

you

will

learn

more

truly

amazing

things.

forappearsitsexample(四)(人与自我——生活与学习——丰富、充实、积极向上的生活)happy

dream

share

they

because

videoalthough much work sad duringaloneToday,

many

young

people

are

busy

with

their

work

and

spend

little

time

with

their

family.

However,

a

young

girl

named

Wan

Minghui

isn’t

like

1.

.

She

gave

up

her

job

to

travel

with

her

grandfather.

The

idea

came

to

her

last

May

when

she

visited

her

grandfather

and

saw

him

sleeping

2.

on

the

sofa.“My

grandfather

seemed

so

lonely.

It

made

me

3.

.

Then

the

idea

of

traveling

with

him

came

to

my

mind,”she

said.

themalonesadWan

said

she

could

4.

at

home

by

doing

part-time

jobs

online.

In

this

way,

she

could

spend

5.

time

with

her

grandfather

than

before.

She

recorded

her

grandfather’s

life

in

6.

and

helped

to

realize

his

dream

of

visiting

Beijing.

Visiting

Beijing

had

also

been

a

7.

of

Wan’s

grandmother

who

passed

away

years

ago.

8.

the

Beijing

tour,

Wan’s

grandfather

brought

along

his

wife’s

photo.

He

said

it

made

him

feel

like

his

wife

was

traveling

and

9.

the

joy

with

them.

workmorevideosdreamDuringsharingWan

is

happy

to

see

her

grandfather

smile

10.

she

has

to

stay

up

late

to

work

sometimes.

She

said,“My

grandpa

accompanied(陪伴)

me

as

I

grew

up

and

I

will

accompany

him

as

he

grows

old.”

(2025·广东湛江模拟改编)although(五)(人与社会——历史、社会与文化——世界主要国家的文化习俗与文化景观、节假日与庆祝活动;身份认同与文化自信)Each

Chinese

lunar

year

has

a

Chinese

zodiac

sign

(生肖)

animal.

It’s

an

important

part

of

1.

Chinese

culture.

But

what’s

the

order

of

the

zodiac

sign?

And

why

is

it

in

such

an

order?

Here

is

one

of

the2.

behind

it.

also

tradition

to

river

twelve

polite

win

because

he

if

with

storytraditionalstoriesThe

Jade

Emperor(玉皇大帝)wantedtochoose3.

animalstobehisguards.HespreadthemessagethatiftheygottotheSouthernHeavenlyGate(南天门)early,theywouldgetgoodpositions.Buttodothis,theyhadtocrossagreat4.

.

Ratgotupatmidnight,andhecrossedtheriverwiththehelpofOx.Rat5.

firstplaceandOxwassecond.TigerandRabbitcamethirdandfourth6.

bothwerefastandcompetitive.

twelveriverwonbecauseDragonwasfifth,andtheJadeEmperorsaidDragon’ssoncouldbesixth.ButDragon’ssondidn’tcome7.

himthatday.Justthen,Snakecameforward,soSnakewassixth.

HorseandGoatarrived.Theywerevery8.

andeachlettheothergofirst.Theybecameseventhandeighth.

withpoliteMonkeywasfarbehind.But9.

jumpedbetweentreesandstones,andcaughtuptobeninth.LastwereRooster,Dog,andPig.These12animalsbecameguardsoftheSouthernHeavenlyGate.Theyearsofthelunarcalendarwere10.

namedforeachofthem.

(2024·广东佛山模拟)healso(六)(人与社会——科学与技术——科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新)Have

you

ever

used

your

fingerprint

(指纹)

to

open

a

door?

Have

you

ever

taken

a

self-driving

taxi

on

the

road?

Technologies

have

1.

great

changes

to

our

life.

Actually,

changes

can

also

be

found

in

your

school.

by

camera

hardly

offer

he

bringas delicious exciting way at clearlybrought“Now,

we

don’t

have

to

rush

to

the

canteen

(食堂)

2.

soon

as

the

bell

rings,”says

Hu

Liang,

a

student

from

Jiangxi.

3.

school

introduced

a

smart

canteen

system

(系统)

this

year.

Students

choose

meals

online

first.

When

it’s

time

for

their

orders,

they

pick

up

meals

4.

using

facial

recognition

(人脸识别)

technology.

The

smart

canteen

5.

students

enjoyable

experiences.

At

the

same

time,

it

helps

the

school

plan

meals

and

reduce

kitchen

waste.

Besides

providing

6.

food,

the

smart

school

also

tries

to

help

students

develop

good

living

habits.

asHisbyoffersdeliciousRecently,

a

middle

school

in

Chongqing

has

used

four

7.

on

the

playground

to

follow

students

and

record

how

fast

they

run.

They

can

8.

see

the

top

ten

students

on

the

screen.

That

adds

fun

to

running

and

makes

students

compete

in

an

interesting

9.

.

What

other

10.

technologiescouldbepartofourlifeinthefuture?Let'slookforwardtoevenmorechanges!camerasclearlywayexciting(七)(人与自然——自然生态——热爱与敬畏自然,与自然和谐共生)Have

you

ever

been

to

Dongting

Lake?

It’s

1.

for

the

name“800-li

Dongting

Lake”.

Dongting

Lake

is

in

the

northern

part

2.

.

Hunan

Province.

It

is

about

2,579

square

kilometers

in

3.

.

It

is

one

of

the

five

largest

freshwater

(淡水)

lakes

in

China.

Every

year

millions

of

tourists

from

all

over

the

world

4.

to

Yueyang

to

enjoy

the

beautiful

scenery

(景色)

around

Dongting

Lake.

famousofsizecomeof

come

size

that

and

happy

they

factory

provide

but

famous

onWith

the

development

of

society,more

and

more

people

realize

5.

.

Dongting

Lake

needs

protection.

In

fact,

6.

are

trying

to

protect

the

environment

of

the

lake.

Firstly,

people

set

up

East

Dongting

Lake

Nature

Reserve

in

1982,which

is

now

named

East

Dongting

Lake

National

Nature

Reserve(东洞庭湖国家级自然保护区).

It

7.

a

good

place

for

birds

and

rare

(珍稀的)

animals.

On

the

afternoon

of

April

25th,

2018,

people

saw

birds

flying

in

the

sky,

8.

elk

(麋鹿)