2026学年八年级英语下册第六单元核心考点单元练习含答案及解析

2026学年八年级英语下册第六单元核心考点单元练习含答案及解析考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.Whatdoes"sustainabledevelopment"meanaccordingtothepassage?A.RapideconomicgrowthatanycostB.ProtectingtheenvironmentwhilemeetinghumanneedsC.ReducingindustrialproductiontosaveenergyD.Encouragingmorepeopletousepublictransportation2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypicalproblemcausedbyplasticwaste?A.PollutionofoceansandriversB.DisruptionofwildlifehabitatsC.ImprovementofsoilfertilityD.Healthriskstohumans3.Thephrase"takeaction"inthetextisclosestinmeaningto:A.WaitandseeB.DosomethingtosolvetheproblemC.IgnoretheissueD.Discusstheproblemwithoutaction4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toadvertiseeco-friendlyproductsB.TopersuadereaderstoreducewasteC.TodescribethehistoryofplasticD.Toexplainhowtorecyclecorrectly5.Theword"significant"inthesecondparagraphismostsimilarto:A.SmallB.ImportantC.ExpensiveD.Difficult6.Whichsentencebestdescribestherelationshipbetweenprotectingtheenvironmentandeconomicdevelopment?A.Theyhavenoconnection.B.Theyalwaysconflictwitheachother.C.Theycancoexistifwemakesmartchoices.D.Environmentalprotectionalwayshinderseconomicgrowth.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardplasticwaste?A.IndifferentB.SupportiveC.ConcernedD.Excited8.Thepassagesuggeststhatindividualscancontributetosustainabilityby:A.BuyingmoreproductsB.Reducing,reusing,andrecyclingC.UsingdisposableitemsmoreoftenD.Ignoringsmallactions9.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheBenefitsofPlasticB.WhyWeShouldReduceWasteC.AHistoryofRecyclingD.TheFutureofCities10.Theword"conserve"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.WasteB.SaveC.UseexcessivelyD.Throwaway二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.Toprotecttheenvironment,weshould_______waterandelectricity.2.Thegovernmentisencouragingpeopletouse_______insteadofcars.3._______isamaterialthatcanbeharmfultoanimalsifnotrecycled.4.Manycountrieshavelawsto_______theuseofsingle-useplastics.5.Sustainabledevelopmentmeansmeetingtheneedsofthe_______withoutharmingfuturegenerations.6.TheGreatBarrierReefissufferingfrom_______causedbypollution.7.Wecan_______oldclothesbydonatingthemtocharity.8._______istheprocessofturningwasteintonewmaterials.9.Usingareusablebagisanexampleof_______waste.10.Thepassagehighlightstheimportanceof_______resourcesforabetterfuture.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.Plasticisacompletelyharmlessmaterialifusedproperly.(×)2.Recyclingcanhelpreducetheamountofwasteinlandfills.(√)3.Sustainabledevelopmentfocusesonlyoneconomicgrowth.(×)4.Treesplayaroleinprotectingtheenvironment.(√)5.Alltypesofwastecanberecycledinthesameway.(×)6.Usingpublictransportationreducescarbonemissions.(√)7.Thepassagesuggeststhatindividualactionshavenoimpact.(×)8.Plasticbottlesarebiodegradableandwillbreakdownquickly.(×)9.Sustainablecitiesarealwaysexpensivetobuild.(×)10.Theauthorbelievesthattechnologycansolveallenvironmentalproblems.(×)四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，总分16分）1.Whatarethreewaysindividualscanhelpreduceplasticwaste?2.Explainthedifferencebetween"reduce"and"recycle."3.Whyisprotectingbiodiversityimportantforsustainability?4.Howcanschoolspromotesustainablepracticesamongstudents?五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，总分24分）1.Imagineyouliveinacitywithanewpolicytobansingle-useplastics.Writeashortparagraph(4-5sentences)explaininghowthispolicywillaffectyourdailylifeandwhyitisbeneficial.2.Youhaveabirthdaypartycomingup.Describethreewaysyoucanplanthepartytobemoresustainable,suchasusingreusableplatesorencouraginggueststocarpool.3.Readthefollowingscenario:Alocalparkissufferingfromlitter.Suggestthreeactionsthecommunitycantaketoimprovethepark'senvironment.4.Writeashortparagraph(4-5sentences)explainingwhyconservingwaterisimportantforsustainabledevelopment.【标准答案及解析】一、单选题1.B解析：Sustainabledevelopmentisdefinedasmeetinghumanneedswithoutharmingtheenvironment,whichalignswithoptionB.2.C解析：Plasticwastedoesnotimprovesoilfertility;instead,itharmsecosystems,makingCincorrect.3.B解析："Takeaction"meanstoactivelyaddressaproblem,similartooptionB.4.B解析：Thepassage'smaingoalistopersuadereaderstoreducewaste,asseeninoptionB.5.B解析："Significant"meansimportant,whichmatchesoptionB.6.C解析：Thepassagesuggeststhatsustainablechoicescanbalanceeconomicandenvironmentalgoals.7.C解析：Theauthorexpressesconcernaboutplasticwaste,asindicatedbythetoneofthepassage.8.B解析：Reducing,reusing,andrecyclingarekeywaysindividualscancontributetosustainability.9.B解析：Thepassagefocusesontheimportanceofreducingwaste,makingBthebesttitle.10.B解析："Conserve"meanstosave,similartooptionB.二、填空题1.conserve解析：Toprotecttheenvironment,conservingresourcesisessential.2.bicycles解析：Publictransportationlikebicyclesreducespollution.3.plastic解析：Plasticwasteisharmfultowildlifeifnotrecycled.4.reduce解析：Lawsaimtoreducesingle-useplasticconsumption.5.present解析：Sustainabledevelopmentmeetspresentneedswithoutharmingfuturegenerations.6.pollution解析：PollutionthreatenstheGreatBarrierReef.7.repurpose解析：Donatingclothesisawaytorepurposethem.8.recycling解析：Recyclingturnswasteintonewmaterials.9.reducing解析：Usingreusablebagsreduceswaste.10.conserving解析：Thepassageemphasizesconservingresourcesforthefuture.三、判断题1.×解析：Plasticcanstillharmtheenvironmentevenifusedproperly.2.√解析：Recyclingreduceslandfillwaste,asstatedinthepassage.3.×解析：Sustainabledevelopmentbalanceseconomic,social,andenvironmentalgoals.4.√解析：TreesabsorbCO2andprovidecleanair.5.×解析：Differentwasterequiresdifferentrecyclingmethods.6.√解析：Publictransportationreducescarbonemissions.7.×解析：Individualactions,likereducingwaste,makeadifference.8.×解析：Plasticbottlestakehundredsofyearstodecompose.9.×解析：Sustainablecitiescanbeaffordablewithproperplanning.10.×解析：Technologyalonecannotsolveallenvironmentalproblems.四、简答题1.Threewaystoreduceplasticwaste:-Usereusablebagsinsteadofdisposableones.-Avoidproductswithexcessiveplasticpackaging.-Recycleplasticbottlesandcontainersproperly.2.Differencebetween"reduce"and"recycle":-Reducemeanstocreatelesswasteinthefirstplace(e.g.,buyingless).-Recyclemeanstoturnwasteintonewmaterials(e.g.,recyclingpaper).3.Importanceofbiodiversityforsustainability:-Biodiversityensuresecosystemstability,whichsupportshumansurvival.-Diversespeciesprovideresourceslikefoodandmedicine.-Ecosystemswithhighbiodiversityaremoreresilienttochanges.4.Waysschoolscanpromotesustainability:-Implementrecyclingprograms.-Educatestudentsaboutenvironmentalissues.-Encourageenergy-savingpracticesliketurningofflights.五、应用题1.Shortparagraphonbanningsingle-useplastics:"Thenewpolicytobansingle-useplasticswillaffectmydailylifebyforcing