新视野大学英语读写教程4（第3版）课后练习参考答案

新视野大学英语读写教程4（第3版）课后练习参考答案说明：本答案对应《新视野大学英语读写教程4》（第3版，郑树棠主编，外语教学与研究出版社），涵盖各单元SectionA、SectionB课后核心练习（词汇、短语、句式、翻译、完形填空等），兼顾准确性与实用性，助力学生核对练习、巩固知识点，部分主观题（如写作）提供参考思路，具体可结合教材原文灵活调整。Unit1LifeandLogicSectionALoveandLogic:TheStoryofaFallacyVocabularyIII.单词填空1.fallacy2.shrewd3.pact4.well-off5.dye6.makeup7.outlandish8.rampant9.notoriety10.boutiqueIV.介词/副词填空1.on2.to3.up4.in5.for6.into7.of8.down9.up10.onV.选词填空1.F2.A3.B4.G5.E6.I7.D8.H9.C10.JWordBuildingVI.词形转换（名词→形容词）1.notorious2.shrewd3.outrageous4.gorgeous5.jealous6.curious7.mysterious8.ridiculousVII.词形转换（动词→名词）1.detection2.persuasion3.manipulation4.acquisition5.obsession6.impression7.depression8.comprehensionSentenceStructureVIII.句型转换（as引导让步状语从句）1.Ridiculousasitmaysound,Iwasconvincedthatshewastellingthetruth.

2.Hardashetried,hefailedtogetthejob.

3.Strangeasitmayseem,thecouplehasbeenmarriedfor50years.

4.MuchasIadmirehim,Idon’tagreewithhisopinion.

5.Youngasheis,hehasaccomplishedagreatdeal.IX.句型转换（现在分词作状语）1.Havingbeentoldthathersonwaskilledintheaccident,shefainted.

2.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentouttoplay.

3.Havinglivedinthecityfor10years,heknowseverycornerofit.

4.Havingseenthefilmbefore,Idon’twanttoseeitagain.

5.Havingbeeninvitedtotheparty,wefelthonored.TranslationX.汉译英1.Asashrewdbusinessman,hehasmadeafortunebyinvestinginrealestate.

2.Thefallacythat“moneycanbuyhappiness”hasledmanypeopleastray.

3.Shedyedherhairredandworeoutlandishclothestoattractattention.

4.Thecompany’snotorietyforpoorqualityhasledtoasharpdeclineinsales.

5.Hemadeapactwithhisfriendtohelpeachotherintimesoftrouble.

6.Despitebeingwell-off,shelivesasimpleandfrugallife.XI.英译汉1.我当时陷入了一种荒谬的境地，我明明知道他在撒谎，却又无法证明这一点。

2.作为一名逻辑学家，他善于发现论点中的谬误，并及时予以纠正。

3.她的妆容精致，衣着华丽，走在人群中格外引人注目。

4.这种荒谬的观点在社会上泛滥，严重影响了年轻人的价值观。

5.他凭借敏锐的商业洞察力，在竞争激烈的市场中站稳了脚跟。

6.他们签订了一份协议，承诺在未来五年内共同开发这个项目。ClozeXII.1.B2.A3.D4.C5.B6.A7.D8.C9.B10.A11.D12.C13.B14.A15.DStructuredWritingXIV.参考思路：先提出“逻辑思维在日常生活中的重要性”，再结合具体例子（如购物时理性判断、与人争论时合理表达观点），说明逻辑思维能帮助我们避免谬误、做出正确选择，最后总结逻辑思维是必备的生存能力。SectionBWhyDoSmartPeopleDoDumbThings?ReadingComprehensionI.1.C2.A3.B4.D5.A6.C7.B8.DVocabularyII.单词填空1.intuition2.inherent3.flaw4.prone5.bias6.circumvent7.illusion8.stark9.mundane10.vicinityIII.短语填空1.fallpreyto2.invirtueof3.isproneto4.takerefugein5.byvirtueof6.inthevicinityof7.fallpreyto8.takerefugeinUnit2SecretstoBeautySectionATheConfusingPursuitofBeautyVocabularyIII.单词填空1.emulate2.radiant3.striving4.discrepancy5.striving6.intrinsic7.trivial8.pursuit9.flawed10.attainedIV.介词/副词填空1.after2.for3.in4.to5.on6.of7.with8.at9.up10.outV.选词填空1.E2.G3.A4.J5.B6.I7.C8.H9.D10.FWordBuildingVI.词形转换（动词→名词）1.pursuit2.emulation3.discrepancy4.attainment5.striving6.radiance7.flaw8.trivialityVII.词形转换（形容词→副词）1.intrinsically2.radiantly3.flawlessly4.trivially5.strivingly6.emulatively7.discrepantly8.attainablySentenceStructureVIII.句型转换（not...but...结构）1.Itisnotthebeautyoftheface,butthekindnessoftheheartthatmakesapersonattractive.

2.Itisnotmoney,buthardworkthatleadstosuccess.

3.Itisnotthedestination,butthejourneythatmatters.

4.Itisnotwhatyousay,butwhatyoudothatcounts.

5.Itisnotthesizeofthehouse,butthewarmthofthefamilythatmakesahome.IX.句型转换（which引导非限制性定语从句）1.Shehasabeautifulvoice,whichmakesherverypopularamongherclassmates.

2.Hemissedthetrain,whichmadehimlateforthemeeting.

3.Thebookisveryinteresting,whichIreadtwicelastmonth.

4.Hehasagoodsenseofhumor,whichalwaysmakesuslaugh.

5.Theweatherwasfine,whichallowedustohaveapicnicoutdoors.TranslationX.汉译英1.Manypeoplearestrivingtoemulatethebeautystandardsshowninthemedia.

2.Thereisagreatdiscrepancybetweentheidealbeautyandtherealbeauty.

3.Truebeautyliesinintrinsicqualities,notinexternalappearance.

4.Shehasaradiantsmilethatcanwarmeveryonearoundher.

5.Don’tpaytoomuchattentiontotrivialthings;focusonwhatreallymatters.

6.Afteryearsofhardwork,shefinallyattainedhergoalofbecomingadoctor.XI.英译汉1.人们对美的追求从未停止，但这种追求往往充满了困惑和误区。

2.媒体所塑造的完美形象，让许多人陷入了盲目模仿的困境。

3.内在美是永恒的，而外在美会随着时间的流逝而褪色。

4.她虽然外表平凡，但凭借善良和真诚赢得了所有人的尊重。

5.我们应该学会接受自己的不完美，因为不完美也是一种美。

6.追求美本身没有错，但我们不能忽视美的本质。ClozeXII.1.A2.B3.D4.C5.A6.B7.D8.C9.A10.B11.C12.D13.A14.B15.CSectionBMakingtheChoicetoBeTrulyBeautifulReadingComprehensionI.1.A2.B3.D4.C5.B6.A7.D8.CVocabularyII.单词填空1.cultivate2.inherent3.authentic4.nurture5.serene6.integrity7.wholesome8.trivial9.dignity10.vicinityIII.短语填空1.intunewith2.setaside3.atpeacewith4.intermsof5.setaside6.intunewith7.atpeacewith8.intermsofUnit3BeingEntrepreneurialSectionAFredSmithandFedEx:TheVisionThatChangedtheWorldVocabularyIII.单词填空1.raw2.convicted3.compensation4.notify5.provisions6.receipt7.paste8.altered9.thrive10.certify11.donation12.roastIV.介词/副词填空1.up2.to3.down4.of5.out6.into7.for8.on9.through10.ofV.选词填空1.M2.E3.G4.A5.H6.C7.I8.K9.O10.DCollocationVI.搭配填空1.respect2.degree3.money4.living5.praise6.place7.success8.scholarship9.job10.reputationWordBuildingVII.词形转换（形容词→合成形容词）1.longish2.animal-like3.selfish4.honey-like5.ball-like6.boyish7.yellowish8.bookishVIII.词形转换（名词→职业类名词）1.politicians2.technician3.comedian4.musicians5.physicians6.electricians7.beautician8.magicianSentenceStructureIX.句型转换（被动语态+不定式）1.ThewantedmanisbelievedtobelivinginNewYork.

2.Manypeoplearesaidtobehomelessafterthefloods.

3.Threemenaresaidtohavebeenarrestedaftertheexplosion.

4.Theprisoneristhoughttohaveescapedbyclimbingoverthewall.

5.Fourpeoplearereportedtohavebeenseriouslyinjuredintheaccident.X.句型转换（动名词与不定式辨析）1.Hetriedsendingherflowers,butitdidn'thaveanyeffect.

2.Idon'tregrettellingherwhatIthought,evenifIupsether.

3.ThewindowwasbrokenbecauseIforgottocloseitwhenIleft.

4.Weregrettoinformyouthatthematerialsyouorderedareoutofstock.

5.Hewelcomedthenewstudentandthenwentontoexplainthecollegeregulations.TranslationXI.汉译英1.Sevenoreightofficialsarereportedtohavetakenbribesandthemayorhasdecidedtolookintotheaffairinperson.

2.Theseworkersregretyieldingtothemanagement'sadviceandgoingbacktowork.Nowtheyareagainfacedwiththethreatoflosingtheirjobs.

3.Youonlyneedtofilloutaformtogetyourmembership,whichentitlesyoutoadiscountongoods.

4.Theircarbrokedownhalfwayfornoreason.Asaresulttheyarrivedthreehourslaterthantheyhadplanned.

5.Theofficialgotinvolvedinascandalandwasforcedtoresignweekslater.

6.Themanlivingonwelfarebegantobuilduphisownmarket,onestepatatimeandhisbusinessisthriving.XII.英译汉1.据报道这个男子曾在私下说：“许多救济对象在欺骗我们，因此，作为补偿，我们有权让他们对我们点头哈腰。

2.我们考虑了你的背景与经历，很遗憾地告诉你，我们目前没有适合你的工作机会。

3.我没能按奥斯卡的暗示去做，相反，我反驳了那个妇女，结果她竟然是我们的新经理。

4.需要有人来充当穷人权利的捍卫者，因为这一体制太容易被滥用。

5.我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后，我打电话向警察求助，20分钟后他们赶来帮我。

6.他热爱艺术，却经受了巨大的痛苦—贫穷与误解。ClozeXIII.1.B2.C3.A4.D5.B6.A7.D8.C9.A10.B11.D12.A13.C14.B15.D16.B17.C18.A19.D20.BStructuredWritingXV.参考范文：Itisdifficulttogetawelfareclient’swheelchairrepaired.Oncemywheelchairneededrepairing,andInotifiedmycaseworker.ShegavemealecturethatIhadn’ttakengoodcareofmywheelchair.ThenshetoldmethatImusthavethepatiencetowaituntilshehadthetimetoreportmywheelchairconditionstomymedicalworker.Thenthemedicalworkercalledtherepairshoptoconfirmtherepair,andtherepairshopsaidtheyneededtocheckthewheelchairfirst.Afterthat,Ihadtotakethewheelchairtotherepairshopbymyself,whichwasverydifficultforme.Ittooknearlyamonthbeforemywheelchairwasrepaired.Thisexperiencemademerealizethattheprocessofgettingawelfareclient’swheelchairrepairedisnotonlycomplicatedbutalsotime-consuming.SectionBBuildingtheDreamofStarbucksReadingComprehensionI.1.B2.A3.C4.D5.A6.B7.C8.DVocabularyII.单词填空1.entrepreneur2.franchise3.ambiance4.thrive5.innovative6.dilemma7.mediocre8.lucrative9.venture10.consolidateIII.短语填空1.setup2.inchargeof3.intermsof4.takeoff5.setup6.inchargeof7.intermsof8.takeoffUnit4Nature:ToWorshiportoConquerSectionAAchievingSustainableEnvironmentalismVocabularyIII.单词填空1.concise2.complement3.controversial4.conserve5.deduce6.deficit7.eligible8.exceed9.revenue10.remedyIV.介词/副词填空1.in2.of3.to4.on5.for6.in7.with8.by9.up10.outV.选词填空1.J2.A3.C4.E5.G6.I7.B8.D9.F10.HWordBuildingVI.词形转换（动词→名词）1.conservation2.deduction3.deficit4.revenue5.remedy6.complement7.controversy8.eligibilityVII.词形转换（形容词→副词）1.concisely2.controversially3.eligibly4.excessively5.deductively6.conservatively7.remedially8.complementarilySentenceStructureVIII.句型转换（only引导倒装句）1.Onlybyworkinghardcanweachieveourgoals.

2.Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectioncanwetakeeffectivemeasures.

3.Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvetheproblemofpollution.

4.Onlyafterhehadfinishedhisworkdidhegohome.

5.Onlybycooperatingwitheachothercanwecompletethetaskontime.IX.句型转换（分词作定语）1.Themanstandingbythewindowisournewteacher.

2.Thebookwrittenbythisauthorisverypopularamongyoungpeople.

3.Thestudentsattendingthelecturearefromdifferentdepartments.

4.Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowwillbeournewlibrary.

5.Theproblemdiscussedatthemeetingyesterdayhasbeensolved.TranslationX.汉译英1.Wemusttakeeffectivemeasurestoconservenaturalresourcesandachievesustainabledevelopment.

2.Thecontroversyoverenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicdevelopmenthaslastedformanyyears.

3.Hisspeechwasconciseandtothepoint,whichwonwarmapplausefromtheaudience.

4.Thegovernmenthastakenaseriesofmeasurestoreducethebudgetdeficitandincreaserevenue.

5.Everyoneiseligibletoparticipateinthiscompetitionaslongastheymeettherequirements.

6.Weshouldtryourbesttoremedythedamagecausedbyenvironmentalpollution.XI.英译汉1.可持续环保理念强调人与自然和谐共生，而不是一味地征服自然。

2.只有当我们每个人都行动起来，才能真正实现环境保护的目标。

3.他从这些数据中推断出，环境污染已经对人类健康造成了严重威胁。

4.政府的财政收入超过了预期，这为环保项目的开展提供了资金支持。

5.这种新型能源不仅环保，而且成本低，有望在未来得到广泛应用。

6.我们应该珍惜现有的自然资源，为子孙后代留下一个美好的家园。ClozeXII.1.C2.A3.B4.D5.C6.A7.B8.D9.C10.A11.B12.D13.A14.C15.BSectionBWhatNatureIsTellingYouReadingComprehensionI.1.D2.B3.A4.C5.D6.B7.A8.CVocabularyII.单词填空1.perceive2.pristine3.vulnerable4.evoke5.serene6.lush7.resilient8.replenish9.inherent10.harmoniousIII.短语填空1.inharmonywith2.takeheedof3.wearaway4.intunewith5.takeheedof6.inharmonywith7.wearaway8.intunewithUnit5WhyCultureCountsSectionASpeakingChineseinAmericaVocabularyIII.单词填空1.humble2.slippery3.tame4.inspiration5.crept6.apology7.observation8.dictate9.inadequate10.solitaryIV.介词/副词填空1.into2.on3.in4.out5.to6.up7.for8.with9.of10.atV.选词填空1.H2.A3.E4.G5.B6.I7.C8.J9.D10.FWordBuildingVI.词形转换（动词→名词）1.observation2.inspiration3.apology4.dictation5.solitude6.humility7.slipperiness8.tamenessVII.词形转换（形容词→副词）1.humbly2.inadequately3.solitary4.observantly5.dictatively6.slippery7.tamely8.creepilySentenceStructureVIII.句型转换（asif/though引导虚拟语气）1.Hetalksasifhekneweverythingaboutthematter.

2.Shelooksasifshehadn’tsleptforthreedays.

3.Theyactedasifnothinghadhappened.

4.Hebehavesasifhewerethebossofthecompany.

5.Shesmiledasifshewereveryhappytoseeus.IX.句型转换（不定式作状语）1.Tolearnaforeignlanguagewell,youneedtopracticeiteveryday.

2.Togetthereontime,wehavetoleaveearlytomorrowmorning.

3.Tosolvethisproblem,weneedtoworktogether.

4.ToimprovehisEnglish,hejoinedanEnglishcorner.

5.Tomakemoremoney,hetookapart-timejob.TranslationX.汉译英1.Heisahumblemanwhoneverboastsabouthisachievements.

2.Theinspirationforhisnewbookcamefromhischildhoodexperiences.

3.Shecreptintotheroomquietlysoasnottowakeupthesleepingbaby.

4.Hisobservationofhumannatureisverysharp,whichmakeshisworksverypopular.

5.Thecompany’sresourcesareinadequatetomeetthegrowingdemandofthemarket.

6.Helivedasolitarylifeinthecountrysideafterheretired.XI.英译汉1.在美国，说中文的人越来越多，这反映了中国文化在世界范围内的影响力不断提升。

2.他虽然出身卑微，但凭借自己的努力，最终成为了一名成功的企业家。

3.灵感往往来自于日常生活中的细微观察，只要我们用心去感受。

4.她向我道歉，因为她不小心弄坏了我最喜欢的一本书。

5.独居生活虽然孤独，但也能让人静下心来思考自己的人生。

6.他的建议很有价值，为我们解决这个问题提供了重要的思路。ClozeXII.1.A2.D3.B4.C5.A6.D7.B8.C9.A10.D11.B12.C13.D14.A15.BSectionBCultureMakestheBusinessWorldGoRoundReadingComprehensionI.1.C2.D3.A4.B5.C6.D7.A8.BVocabularyII.单词填空1.etiquette2.disparity3.facilitate4.rapport5.demeanor6.conform7.ambiguous8.denote9.reciprocate10.harmoniousIII.短语填空1.conformto2.intermsof3.buildrapportwith4.takeintoaccount5.conformto6.intermsof7.buildrapportwith8.takeintoaccountUnit6GenderEqualitySectionATheWeightMenCarryVocabularyIII.单词填空1.stereotype2.alleviate3.stigma4.cumbersome5.prejudice6.disparity7.strive8.inherent9.mandate10.endorseIV.介词/副词填空1.in2.of3.to4.on5.for6.with7.against8.up9.out10.ofV.选词填空1.G2.A3.E4.B5.I6.C7.J8.D9.F10.HWordBuildingVI.词形转换（名词→形容词）1.stereotypical2.stigmatized3.cumbersome4.prejudiced5.disparate6.inherent7.mandatory8.endorsableVII.词形转换（动词→名词）1.alleviation2.striving3.endorsement4.mandate5.prejudice6.disparity7.stereotype8.stigmaSentenceStructureVIII.句型转换（while引导对比状语从句）1.Whilemenareoftenexpectedtobestrong,womenareallowedtobevulnerable.

2.Whilesomepeoplesupportgenderequality,othersstillholdtraditionalviews.

3.Whileheisgoodatmath,hissisterisbetteratEnglish.

4.Whileworkinghardisimportant,takingcareofone’shealthisalsonecessary.

5.Whilethecityisconvenient,thecountrysideismorepeaceful.IX.句型转换（被动语态）1.Theproblemofgenderdisparityshouldbeaddressedbythegovernment.

2.Childrenaretaughttorespectothersfromanearlyage.

3.Hissuggestionwasendorsedbymostofthemembersofthecommittee.

4.Theoldbuildingwillberenovatednextyear.

5.Theletterhasbeensenttotherecipient.TranslationX.汉译英1.Weshouldtryourbesttoalleviatetheburdenonmenandeliminategenderstereotypes.

2.Thestigmaofbeingasinglefatherisgraduallydisappearinginmodernsociety.

3.Thereisagreatdisparityinpaybetweenmenandwomeninsomeindustries.

4.Thegovernmenthasissuedamandatetopromotegenderequalityintheworkplace.

5.Weshouldstrivetocreateasocietywhereeveryoneistreatedequallyregardlessofgender.

6.Prejudiceagainstwomenintheworkplacestillexistsinsomeareas.XI.英译汉1.男性在社会中往往承受着巨大的压力，他们被期望成为家庭的支柱和强者。

2.消除性别偏见需要全社会的共同努力，而不仅仅是某一部分人的责任。

3.这种繁琐的工作不仅浪费时间，还会降低工作效率。

4.每个人都有与生俱来的权利，无论性别、种族或身份。

5.公司支持性别平等政策，并为女性员工提供更多的晋升机会。

6.我们应该努力减轻男性的心理负担，让他们敢于表达自己的情感。ClozeXII.1.B2.C3.D4.A5.B6.C7.D8.A9.B10.C11.D12.A13.B14.C15.DSectionBWhatDoesFeminismReallyMean?ReadingComprehensionI.1.A2.C3.B4.D5.A6.C7.B8.DVocabularyII.单词填空1.feminism2.advocate3.oppressed4.emancipation5.stereotype6.discrimination7.autonomy8.empower9.gender10.equalityIII.短语填空1.standupfor2.infavorof3.breakdown4.empower...to...5.standupfor6.infavorof7.breakdown8.empower...to...Unit7EnergyandFoodCrisesSectionATheComingEnergyCrisisVocabularyIII.单词填空1.deplete2.renewable3.scarcity4.alleviate5.harness6.subsidize7.vulnerable8.drastic9.transition10.mitigateIV.介词/副词填空1.of2.in3.to4.on5.for6.with7.from8.into9.up10.downV.选词填空1.I2.A3.E4.G5.B6.J7.C8.H9.D10.FWordBuildingVI.词形转换（动词→名词）1.depletion2.scarcity3.alleviation4.harnessing5.subsidy6.transition7.mitigation8.vulnerabilityVII.词形转换（形容词→副词）1.drastically2.renewable3.vulnerably4.mitigatively5.alleviatively6.harnessably7.subsidizedly8.transitionallySentenceStructureVIII.句型转换（if引导虚拟条件句）1.Ifwehadtakeneffectivemeasuresearlier,wecouldhaveavoidedtheenergycrisis.

2.IfIhadknownthetruth,Iwouldnothavemadethatmistake.

3.Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.

4.Ifwehadmoretime,wecouldhavefinishedtheprojectbetter.

5.Ifthegovernmenthadsubsidizedrenewableenergy,itsdevelopmentwouldhavebeenfaster.IX.句型转换（现在完成时）1.Wehavedepletedalargeamountoffossilfuelssincetheindustrialrevolution.

2.Hehaslivedinthiscityformorethan20years.

3.Theyhavefinishedhalfoftheworksofar.

4.Ihavenotseenhimsincelastyear.

5.Thegovernmenthastakenaseriesofmeasurestoaddresstheenergycrisis.TranslationX.汉译英1.Theoveruseoffossilfuelshasdepletedournaturalresourcesandcausedseriousenvironmentalpollution.

2.Weshouldharnessrenewableenergysuchassolarenergyandwindenergytoreplacefossilfuels.

3.Thegovernmenthasdecidedtosubsidizethedevelopmentofnewenergyindustries.

4.Weneedtotakedrasticmeasurestomitigatetheimpactoftheenergycrisis.

5.Thetransitionfromtraditionalenergytonewenergywilltakealongtimeandrequiregreatefforts.

6.Thescarcityofenergyhasbecomeamajorproblemaffectingglobaleconomicdevelopment.XI.英译汉1.能源危机已经迫在眉睫，我们必须立即采取行动，否则将面临严重的后果。

2.可再生能源不仅环保，而且取之不尽、用之不竭，是未来能源发展的方向。

3.过度开采石油和煤炭已经导致能源短缺，影响了人们的日常生活和工业生产。

4.政府补贴新能源产业，有助于降低其成本，促进其广泛应用。

5.我们应该提高能源利用效率，减少能源浪费，共同应对能源危机。

6.能源转型是一个漫长而复杂的过程，需要政府、企业和个人的共同努力。ClozeXII.1.C2.B3.A4.D5.C6.B7.A8.D9.C10.B11.A12.D13.B14.C15.ASectionBAWorldwideFoodCrisis?ReadingComprehensionI.1.D2.A3.C4.B5.D6.A7.C8.BVocabularyII.单词填空1.scarcity2.famine3.sustainable4.cultivate5.yield6.alleviate7.nutritious8.deficit9.implement10.advocateIII.短语填空1.copewith2.intermsof3.leadto4.takemeasuresto5.copewith6.intermsof7.leadto8.takemeasurestoUnit8PassionGuidesLifeChoicesSectionAAMeaningfulLifeVocabularyIII.单词填空1.mundane2.passion3.perseverance4.fulfill5.aspirations6.trivial7.intrinsic8.serene9.strive10.legacyIV.介词/副词填空1.for2.in3.to4.on5.of6.with7.up8.out9.into10.forV.选词填空1.J2.A3.G4.E5.B6