山东济南市2026年高三二模语文试题及答案精讲

济南市2026届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题本试卷共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分

听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，可先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.

【此处可播放相关音频】Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.

Herhandbag.B.

Herboardingpass.C.

Herpassport.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Itleavesinfiveminutes.Surelyyouputitinsideyourpassportlikeyouusuallydo.W:Yeah.AndIalwayskeeptheminthesideofmyhandbag,buttheboardingpassisn’tthere.2.

【此处可播放相关音频】Whattimeisitnow?A.

10:50am.B.

11:00am.C.

11:10am.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ohdear,itseemsthatwehaverunoutofsalt.Wouldyoupleasebuysomenow?M:Iambusy.Imustfinishmypaperfirst.Thedeadlineis11amandthere’sonly10minutesleft.W:Okay,I’llaskourneighborforsome.3.

【此处可播放相关音频】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.

Twofellowworkers.B.

Theman’sjob.C.

Amarketingproject.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:JillandPattiareveryclose.Theyseemtogetonverywellwitheachother.W:Yes,theyenteredourcompanythesameyearandarenowworkingonthesamemarketingproject.4.

【此处可播放相关音频】Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.

Catchingthebus.B.

Changingtheflight.C.

Goingtotheairportbytaxi.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ifwedon’thurryup,wearegoingtomissthebusfortheairport.M:Idon’tthinkI’mgoingtobereadyontime.Whydon’twecallataxi?W:Itwon’tbecheap,butIguesswedon’thaveachoice.5.

【此处可播放相关音频】Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.

Reviewherwriting.B.

Helpemailherresume.C.

Finishthecoverletter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:IfinishedwritingmyresumeandacoverletterforthejobI'mapplyingfor.M:Ifyouwant,Icancheckthemtoseeifyoumadeanymistakes.W:Wouldyouminddoingthat?M:It'snoproblematall.Emailthemtome.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】6.

WhydoesPetermakethecall?A.

Toarrangeavisit.B.

Toextendaninvitation.C.

Toconfirmanappointment.7.

WherewillthespeakersmeetonTuesdayevening?A.

Atthetheater.B.

AtDelia’soffice.C.

Atasnackbar.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello.M:HiDelia,thisisPeter.AreyoudoinganythingTuesdayevening?W:Notreally.M:I’vegottwoticketsforthenationaltheatre.Wouldyouliketocome?W:Thanks.I’dloveto.What’son?M:Stafford’slatestplay.W:Oh,sonnytoldmeitwasverygood.M:Yes,everyonesaysso.ShallImeetyouatyourofficeatsixo’clock?Thenwecangoandhaveaquicksnack.Theplaystartsatseveno’clock.W:Soundsgreat.SeeyouTuesdaythen.M:Good,bye.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】8.

HowdidSamfeelabouttheonlinequizatfirst?A.

Nervous.B.

Assured.C.

Curious.9.

HowdidSamperformintheonlinequiz?A.

Hegaveuphalfway.B.

Heneededmoretimetofinishit.C.

Hedidworsethanhehadexpected.10.

WhichquestiondidSamanswercorrectly?A.

Howlongisamoonday?B.

Whatmaterialsarefoundonthemoon?C.

Whoisthefirstmanlandingonthemoon?【答案】8.B9.C

10.C【解析】【原文】W:Didyoutrythatonlinequiz,Sam?M:Aboutthemoon?Yeah,andIwasfullofconfidencewhenIdownloadedit.Thatdidn’tlastlong,though.Imean,afterallthestuffwe’ddoneinclass,IwaslookingforwardtoseeingwhatIcoulddo.I’dexpectedtodomuchbetter.I’mgladIdon’thavetodoitagain.W:Well,itwasonlyabitoffun.M:AtleastIgotthequestionaboutthefirstmanonthemoon,right?TherewasstuffI’dnevercomeacrossbefore,though,likehowlongamoondayis.Didyouknowthat?W:Yeah,Igotthatone.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】11.

Howmanypeoplewillstayatthehotel?A.

4.B.

6.C.

12.12.

Whenwillthemancheckin?A.

InlateNovember.B.

Inmid-November.C.

InearlyNovember.13.

Whatwillthemandonext?A.

Confirmthecheck-outdate.B.

Askaboutthegolfsessions.C.

Offerhispersonalinformation.【答案】11.C12.A

13.C【解析】【原文】W:GreenMountainGolfcourse,howmayIhelpyou?M:Hello,I’dliketomakeabookingofthehotelandagolfcourse.W:Whenwouldyouliketovisitussir?Icancheckifthereareavailableroomsandgolfingsessions.M:WearethinkingofanyweekendinNovemberandwe’regoingtobesixcouples,sowe’dprefersixdoubleroomsifthat’spossible.

W:Hmm.Well,you’reinluck,sir.Thefourthweekendisquiteemptyrightnow.Wehaveseveralopengolfsessionsandit’srarethatwehavesomanyvacanciesattheweekend.M:Oh,that’swonderful.CouldIbooktwosessions,theoneforSaturdayandalsoSundaymorning?WemightleavearoundSundayafternoon.W:Well,yes,ofcourse.NowI’llneedsomespecificdetails.Underwhosenamewillthebookingbemade?M:Thatwouldbeme.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】14.

Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.

Trainerandtrainee.B.

Bossandadvisor.C.

Hostandguest.15.

Whydoesthewomanmentionlosingweight?A.

Toshowherwaystoachieveagoal.B.

Tostresstheimportanceofhealthyfood.C.

Toexpressherwishtoimproveherhealth.16.

Whatcanfriendsdotohelpingoal-setting?A.

Tellthetruth.B.

Givesupport.C.

Findproblems.17.

Whatmakesmostpeopledobadlyatreachinggoals?A.

Failingtokeepfocused.B.

Losingtheirway.C.

Aimingtoohigh.【答案】14.C15.A

16.B

17.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,todaywe’lltalkaboutgoalsettingandwehaveaspecialguesthere,KateWarwick.WelcometoourprogramMrs.Warwick.W:Thankyou.M:So,Mrs.Warwick,canyoutellusaboutyourworkingoalsetting?W:Well,whenitcomestogoalsetting,I’mreallyfocused.Forexample,ifIwanttoloseweight,I’llgetagroupofclosefriendsaroundmeandtellthemIwanttoloseweightandimprovemyhealth.ThenI’lltakeactiontoachievethisgoalbystoppingeatingunhealthyfoods.M:Whydoyougathersomeclosefriendstogether?W:It’simportantformebecauseIneedsupport.IknowIcan’tdoitonmyown.Also,ithelpsbecauseI’mabletosharemyproblemswiththem.AndbytellingotherpeopleIreallywanttodothisandIseekyourhelp,theycankeepyouhonest,Isuppose.M:Andwhyisitthatmostpeopledosobadlyatreachinggoals?W:Theylosefocus.Everybody’slifeisbusy.Therearesomanyhappeningsineverybody’slifethattheymighthaveagoal,butthensomethingwillgetinthewayofthat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】18.

Whatdidthespeakerthinkofthehotel’sadvertisement?A.

Misleading.B.

Creative.C.

Traditional.19.

Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeaker’sroom?A.

Itsshowerwasn’tworking.B.

Itsdoorcouldn’tbeclosed.C.

Itsmaintenancewasn’ttimely.20.

Whatdidthespeakerimplyintheend?A.

Thehotelfittedbudgettravelers.B.

Thequalitymismatchedtheexpense.C.

Thelocationjustifiedtheroomprice.【答案】18.A19.C

20.B【解析】【原文】M:Recently,IstayedattheRoyalInninthetownofBrightBay.Itwasadisappointingexperiencetosaytheleast.Thehotelwasnotatallasadvertised.Onitswebsitethepicturesshowedbeautifulgardens.Whenintruth,thesegardensconsistedofonebedofrosesnexttotheparkinglot.Therestofthespacearoundthehotelwastakenupbyabusyroadandavacantlot.Apoolwasadvertised,butwefoundtherewasnowaterinit.TheonlypromiseonthewebsitethatwaskeptwasthatfreeInternetaccesswouldbeavailableintherooms.Inaddition,theroomswereinverypoorcondition.ThedoortomyroomwasbrokenandonlyopenedandshutwithgreatdifficultyandaloudBang,whichisjustshocking.Evenworse,thereweremuddyhandprintsintheshower.IfeltlikeIneededtocleaneverythingbeforeIcoulduseit.Itwasdisgusting.Ifthishotelhadbeenverycheap,perhapstheproblemswouldbeforgivable.However,itwasanaveragepricedhotel.Iwouldneverrecommendittoanyone.第二部分

阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATree-plantingprojectsarebecomingincreasinglypopularworldwide,ledbycompanies,nonprofits,governments,andcommunities.Thisraisesthequestionofhowinvestorsordonorscanchoosewhichprojectstosupportandassesstheireffectiveness.Toaddressthis,researchersoftheMongabay.appcreatedadatabasetoorganizeinformationonwhatreforestationprojectspubliclydisclose.Itisbasedonacomprehensivesetofexpert-identifiedcriteriagroupedintofivecategories—context,ecological,economic,social,andinstitutional—andassistsuserstoidentifysuitableprojectsandaskinformedquestions.●WhyusetheMongabay.appHighstandards:OurlistofcriteriawasprimarilydrawnfromtheForestLandscapeRestoration(FLR)approach,widelyrecognizedasthegoldstandardacrosstherestorationsector.Transparency(透明度):Ratherthanmakeanassessmentofthequalityoftheprojects,theMongabay.apprevealshowmuchinformationispubliclydisclosedbyanorganization.Agrowingcatalog(目录):Thecommunityisencouragedtosharenewprojectsandupdateinformationaboutexistingprojectstomakethiscatalogthebestavailableresource.●HowitworksTofindareforestationprojectthatmatchesyourinterests,sortthroughthecatalogusingindicatorsfromfivekeycategories.Onceyouhavealistofpotentialprojects,examinethecirculardiagramnexttoeachone—thisrepresentsitstransparencylevel:themorecompletethecircle,themoreinformationisdisclosed.Clickonthediagramtodigintothedetailedprojectchart,soyoucanmakeaninformeddecisiononwhichprojecttosupport.21.

Whatisthemainpurposeoftheresearchersbycreatingadatabase?A.

Tofinanceprojects.B.

Tosetupstandards.C.

Tolaunchinitiatives.D.

Tohelpmakechoices.22.

Whatisthefirststeptofindasuitableproject?A.

Makeanin-depthstudyofprojects.B.

Outlinealistofcandidateprojects.C.

Examineprojectchartsinadiagram.D.

Assessaproject’stransparencylevel.23.

Whichprojectwouldinterestaninvestorseekingclearinformationonforesttype?

【答案】21.D22.B

23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Mongabay应用研发的植树造林项目数据库，阐述其创建目的、使用优势及使用方法，帮助使用者筛选并评估造林项目。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thisraisesthequestionofhowinvestorsordonorscanchoosewhichprojectstosupportandassesstheireffectiveness.Toaddressthis,researchersoftheMongabay.appcreatedadatabasetoorganizeinformationonwhatreforestationprojectspubliclydisclose.(这就提出了一个问题：投资者或捐赠者该如何选择要支持的项目并评估它们的效果。为了解决这个问题，Mongabay应用的研究人员创建了一个数据库，用以整理造林项目公开披露的相关信息)”可知，研究人员创建数据库的主要目的是帮助投资者或捐赠者做出选择。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据●Howitworks部分中“Onceyouhavealistofpotentialprojects,examinethecirculardiagramnexttoeachone—thisrepresentsitstransparencylevel:themorecompletethecircle,themoreinformationisdisclosed.Clickonthediagramtodigintothedetailedprojectchart,soyoucanmakeaninformeddecisiononwhichprojecttosupport.(一旦你有了潜在项目的列表，查看每个项目旁边的圆形图标——它代表了该项目的透明度等级：圆圈越完整，披露的信息就越多。点击该图标可以深入了解详细的项目图表，从而做出支持哪个项目的明智决定)可知，找到合适项目的第一步是梳理出候选项目列表。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据图表中Ecological下“Theseecologicalcriteriaareimportantforunderstandingiftherighttreesarebeingplantedintherightplace.Foresttype(这些生态标准对于了解是否在正确的地方种植了正确的树木非常重要。森林类型)”可知，关注森林类型信息对应的是“生态类指标”，即应关注由外往内第2个圈。结合●Howitworks部分中“Onceyouhavealistofpotentialprojects,examinethecirculardiagramnexttoeachone—thisrepresentsitstransparencylevel:themorecompletethecircle,themoreinformationisdisclosed.(一旦你有了潜在项目的列表，查看每个项目旁边的圆形图标——它代表了该项目的透明度等级：圆圈越完整，披露的信息就越多)可知，相应的圆圈越完整，披露的信息就越多。而A项中第2个圈是完整的，说明披露的关于森林类型的信息就越多，所以寻求森林类型明确信息的投资者会对其感兴趣。故选A项。BMayaMartinez,ahighschoolseniorlivinginafog-coveredcoastalvillageinNorthCalifornia,noticedthatthecommunitygardenwasgraduallydryingupduringthedriestsummeronrecord.Whilethevillagersremainedhelpless,Mayachosetospendherafternoonscarefullyobservingthethickmistthatrolledinfromthesea.Mayahadalreadyidentifiedacriticalfaultintraditionalfog-collectingmeshnets(网状网):theyfrequentlybecameblockedbytheverywaterdropstheycaught,whichseverelyreducedtheireffectiveness.Diggingdeeperintosolutions,Mayafoundanoveldevicedesignedbytwoscientists—the“FogHarp(竖琴)”.

Mayadecidedtousethehandymaterialstocreateherown“FogHarp”.Atfirst,neighborswatchedtheprocesswithdoubtasshestrunghundredsofthin,uprightwiresacrossasolidwoodenframe.Tothem,thesetuplookednomorethan“agiantmusicalinstrument”thatonlyproduceduselesssoundsinthecoldcoastalwind.Littledidtheyknowthissimple-lookingsetupwouldsoonprovesurprisinglyeffective.TheremarkableefficiencyofMaya’sFogHarpliesinitscleveruseofgravity.Inatraditionalmeshnet,tinywaterdropsgeteasilytrappedwithinthesmallsquaregaps,whichstopfurthercollection.Thisoccursbecausethesurfacetension—theinvisible,stretchy“skin”ofliquidwater—istoostrongforthesmalldropstoovercome.InMaya’sFogHarp,bycontrast,waterdropshitthewiresandslowlycombineintolargerdrops.Mostimportantly,withnocrosswirestoholdtheselargerdropsinplace,gravityeasilyovercomessurfacetension,allowingthewatertoslideeffortlesslydownthewiresandcollectinatankbelow.Ofcourse,theprojectfaceditsshareofsetbacks.Duringoneseverecoastalstorm,theextremewindtorethroughthewoodenframe.Yet,insteadofgivingintodespair,sheimmediatelysetouttofixtheproblembyreinforcingtheentirestructurewithdurablesteelwires.Bythetimeautumnarrived,Maya’s“FogHarps”werereliablyproducingplentyoffreshwatereveryday,partlymeetingthedailywaterneedsofthevillage.24.

WhydidMayaobservethethickmistinherafternoons?A.

Topredicttheweatherconditions.B.

Toclarifythereasonsfordrought.C.

Tochecktheefficiencyofthemeshnets.D.

Toworkoutasolutiontowatershortage.25.

WhatcanweknowaboutMaya’s“FogHarp”?A.

Itwasamusicalinstrument.B.

Itinvitedvillagers’acidwords.C.

Itpresentedaninbornfault.D.

Itfeaturedasolidmetalframe.26.

WhatisthekeyforMaya’sFogHarptofunctionwell?A.

Itsupright-wiredesign.B.

Itsmesh-netstructure.C.

Itsweaksurfacetension.D.

Itsresistancetogravity.27.

WhatcanwelearnfromMaya’sstory?A.

Lookbeforeyouleap.B.

Betterlatethannever.C.

Thinkoutsidethebox.D.

Timewaitsfornoman.【答案】24.D25.B

26.A

27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了北加利福尼亚一个沿海村庄的高中生玛雅·马丁内斯面对村庄干旱问题，通过观察海雾，发明了“雾竖琴”来收集淡水，解决了村庄部分用水需求的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“MayaMartinez,ahighschoolseniorlivinginafog-coveredcoastalvillageinNorthCalifornia,noticedthatthecommunitygardenwasgraduallydryingupduringthedriestsummeronrecord.Whilethevillagersremainedhelpless,Mayachosetospendherafternoonscarefullyobservingthethickmistthatrolledinfromthesea.(玛雅·马丁内斯是北加利福尼亚一个被雾笼罩的沿海村庄的一名高中生，她注意到在有记录以来最干旱的夏天，社区花园正在逐渐干涸。当村民们束手无策时，玛雅选择花下午的时间仔细观察从海上滚滚而来的浓雾)”可知，玛雅观察浓雾是为了找出解决缺水问题的方法。故选D项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Atfirst,neighborswatchedtheprocesswithdoubtasshestrunghundredsofthin,uprightwiresacrossasolidwoodenframe.Tothem,thesetuplookednomorethan“agiantmusicalinstrument”thatonlyproduceduselesssoundsinthecoldcoastalwind.(起初，当她在一块结实的木架上挂上数百根细长的竖线时，邻居们怀疑地看着这个过程。对他们来说，这个装置看起来不过是一把“巨大的乐器”，在寒冷的海风中只能发出无用的声音)”可知，邻居们对玛雅的“雾竖琴”持怀疑态度，甚至用酸言酸语来形容它。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“InMaya’sFogHarp,bycontrast,waterdropshitthewiresandslowlycombineintolargerdrops.Mostimportantly,withnocrosswirestoholdtheselargerdropsinplace,gravityeasilyovercomessurfacetension,allowingthewatertoslideeffortlesslydownthewiresandcollectinatankbelow.(相比之下，在玛雅的雾竖琴中，水滴撞击电线，慢慢合并成更大的水滴。最重要的是，由于没有交叉的电线来固定这些较大的水滴，重力很容易克服表面张力，使水毫不费力地沿着电线滑下，并收集在下面的水箱中)”可知，玛雅的雾竖琴的关键在于其直立电线的设计，使得水滴能够顺利滑下并被收集。故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Mayahadalreadyidentifiedacriticalfaultintraditionalfog-collectingmeshnets(网状网):theyfrequentlybecameblockedbytheverywaterdropstheycaught,whichseverelyreducedtheireffectiveness.Diggingdeeperintosolutions,Mayafoundanoveldevicedesignedbytwoscientists—the“FogHarp(竖琴)”.(玛雅已经发现了传统雾收集网的一个关键缺陷：它们经常被捕获的水滴堵塞，这严重降低了它们的有效性。深入挖掘解决方案后，玛雅发现了两位科学家设计的一种新型装置——“雾竖琴”)”可知，玛雅没有受传统方法的限制，而是通过观察和思考，发明了新的雾收集装置，这体现了“跳出常规思维”的精神。故选C项。COnasnowymorninginStockholm,theCandelaC-8lookslikeastandardspeedboat.Onceitpicksupspeed,somethingextraordinaryhappens:thehull(船体)liftsentirelyoutofthewater,“flying”halfameterabovethesurface.Thisisthenewgenerationofelectrichydrofoils(水翼船).Theyareidealforurbantransport,saysGustavHasselskog,thefounderofCandelatechnologycompany.Theyarequiet,emission-freeandcheaptorun—theC-8’scostpermileisabout5%ofthatofatraditionalspeedboat.Inmanycities,toreducethedisturbancecausedbylargewaves,boatsareusuallyspeed-limited.Hydrofoils,however,causealmostnowakeandthustravelfaster.Hasselskogbelievestheycouldreshapeurbantransportbyshiftingtrafficfromblockedroadstounderusedwaterways,whichheterms“bluehighways”.TheCandelaC-8issupportedbythreethin,redstruts(支柱),whicharelinkedtotwounderwaterwingsthatturnforwardmotionintolift.Byliftingthehulloutofthewater,theboatreducesdragbyasmuchas80percent,savingahugeamountofenergy.Sensorsaroundtheboatmeasurewavesandcontrolsystemsadjustthewings100timesasecond,providingsuchasolid,smoothridethattheboatfeelsasthoughitisonrails.Thepowerneededtodriveahydrofoilvariesdirectlywithitsmass,sominimizingahull’soverallweightisalsoofimportance.Thewingsmustbesmallenoughtoreducedragandstrongenoughtobeartheboat’sweight.Thesolutionistoborrowfromaerospaceandmotorracing,andusecarbonfiber.Asformotors,Candelanowhasapartnershipwithmakersofelectricvehicles,allowingelectricboatstousestandardfast-chargersdesignedforcars.Thepotentialimpactissignificantwithnearlyhalfoftheworld’spopulationlivingincoastalregionswherecitiesareoftenstuckintraffic.Whilelargetraditionalpublicboatswillstillbeneededforheavyroutes,onshortpassenger-onlyroutesincities,electrichydrofoilsmaybeabouttotakeoff.28.

WhatdoesGustavHasselskogexpecttheCandelaC-8todo?A.

Boostcoastaltourism.B.

Remodelurbantraffic.C.

Lowertravelexpenses.D.

Promoteroadbuilding.29.

WhichpartoftheCandelaC-8playsavitalroleinitshighenergyefficiency?A.

Itstypeofdrive.B.

Itspowersource.C.

Itscontrolsystems.D.

Itsunderwaterwings.30.

Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthelargetraditionalpublicboats?A.

Theyareoutofdate.B.

Theyshowhugepotential.C.

Theyareirreplaceable.D.

Theyneedtobeimproved.31.

Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.

ElectricHydrofoils:ANewSolutiontoCityTrafficB.

TraditionalSpeedboats:FeaturesandCostAnalysisC.

TheCandelaC-8:ReshapingHeavy-routeTransportD.

CarbonFiber:EquippingtheCandelaC-8withWings【答案】28.B29.D

30.C

31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新型电动水翼船CandelaC-8，其通过水翼技术实现高效、平稳航行，有望缓解城市交通压力，为沿海城市提供新的交通解决方案。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hasselskogbelievestheycouldreshapeurbantransportbyshiftingtrafficfromblockedroadstounderusedwaterways,whichheterms“bluehighways”.(Hasselskog认为，它们可以通过将交通从拥堵的道路转移到未充分利用的水路上来重塑城市交通，他称之为“蓝色高速公路”)”可知，Hasselskog期望CandelaC-8重塑城市交通。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“TheCandelaC-8issupportedbythreethin,redstruts(支柱),whicharelinkedtotwounderwaterwingsthatturnforwardmotionintolift.Byliftingthehulloutofthewater,theboatreducesdragbyasmuchas80percent,savingahugeamountofenergy.(CandelaC-8由三根细长的红色支柱支撑，这些支柱与两个水下机翼相连，将向前的运动转化为升力。通过将船体抬离水面，船只减少了高达80%的阻力，节省了大量能源)”可知，CandelaC-8的水下机翼使其获得升力，减少了阻力，从而提高了能源效率。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whilelargetraditionalpublicboatswillstillbeneededforheavyroutes,onshortpassenger-onlyroutesincities,electrichydrofoilsmaybeabouttotakeoff.(虽然大型传统公共船只仍然需要用于繁忙航线，但在城市的短途客运航线上，电动水翼船可能即将起飞)”可知，作者认为大型传统公共船只对于繁忙航线是必要的，即它们是不可替代的。故选C项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Thisisthenewgenerationofelectrichydrofoils

(水翼船).(这是新一代的电动水翼船)”、第二段“Hasselskogbelievestheycouldreshapeurbantransportbyshiftingtrafficfromblockedroadstounderusedwaterways,whichheterms“bluehighways”.

(Hasselskog认为，它们可以通过将交通从拥堵的道路转移到未被充分利用的水道来重塑城市交通，他称之为“蓝色高速公路”)”和最后一段“Thepotentialimpactissignificantwithnearlyhalfoftheworld’spopulationlivingincoastalregionswherecitiesareoftenstuckintraffic.Whilelargetraditionalpublicboatswillstillbeneededforheavyroutes,onshortpassenger-onlyroutesincities,electrichydrofoilsmaybeabouttotakeoff.(潜在影响是巨大的，因为世界上近一半的人口生活在沿海地区，这些地区的城市经常陷入交通拥堵。虽然大型传统公共船只在繁忙航线上仍然需要，但在城市中短途的客运航线上，电动水翼船可能即将起飞)”可知，文章主要介绍了电动水翼船C-8的特点和优势，以及它如何通过利用城市水道来缓解交通拥堵，成为城市交通的新解决方案。故A项“ElectricHydrofoils:ANewSolutiontoCityTraffic(电动水翼船：城市交通的新解决方案)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选A项。DYouleaveanhourofonlinesurfingwiththesensethattheworldisfallingapart.Intherealworld,however,aneighboryoudisagreewithpoliticallyhelpsyoustartyourcar.The

dissonance

isnoaccident.Itishowtoday’sInternetworks.Tobetterunderstandthisgap,researcherssurveyed1,090adultsandfoundthatpeopledramaticallyoverestimatehowcommonharmfulbehaviorontheInternetis.OnReddit,participantsthoughtharmfulcommenterswere13timesmorecommon,estimating43%ofuserspostharmfulcontent,whiletheactualfigureisjust3%.Mostoffensivepostscomefromasmallgroupofhighlyactiveusers,whoseoutsizedpostsshapepublicbeliefs,creatingthe“majorityillusion”thatmakesthisminorityseemlikethenorm,drowningoutthesilentmajority.Ourbrainsarewiredtonoticethreatsandmoralbreaks—negativecontentsticksinourminds.Additionally,socialmediaalgorithms(算法)prioritizecontentthatcausesstrongreactionstokeepusersengaged,withfalsehoodsspreadingfasterthantruth.Botnetworks(僵尸网络)addtothenoise:ithasbeenreportedthatbadbotsmakeuproughlyathirdofglobalwebtraffic,misleadingwhattrendsandwhoappearspopular.Measuringonlineharmfulcontentistricky,asautomatedtoolsoftenmissunobviousaggressiveremarks.Butwhatmattersmoreisnot“howharmfulistheInternet,”butwhatordinaryusersperceiveasnormal.Socialpsychologistscallthisdynamic“pluralisticignorance”:peopleprivatelyrejectharmfulnormsbutgoalongwiththempublicly.Thismisconceptionformedonlinecreatesadangerousgap,fuelingpublicdistrust,preventingpublicparticipation,andloweringmoralstandards—ifwethink“everyoneisawful,”we’relesslikelytobekind.Whilethereisnosilverbullet,practicalsteps—rootedinpolicyandpersonalawareness—cannarrowthegap.Thekeyliesinrecognizingonlineengagementdoesn’tequalapproval:skip“mostengaging”feedsandgroundourviewsinactualworldconnections.Imagineapublicsquarewheretheloudestfewdon’tseizethemicrophone—disagreementremains,buttheairresoundswithdailylife:neighborshelpingstartcars,strangersholdingdoors.Online,wecanmakethatrealityvisibleagain.32.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dissonance”inParagraph1probablymean?A.

Disorder.B.

Prejudice.C.

Contrast.D.

Debate.33.

Whatdoesthe“majorityillusion”refertointhetext?A.

Afalseimpression.B.

Aharmfulbehavior.C.

Anoverestimatedpost.D.

Aminorityofcommenters.34.

WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.

Whyglobalwebtrafficmisleadspeople.B.

Whytheminorityfeelslikethemajority.C.

Howweidentifyonlineharmfulcontent.D.

Whatharmonlinemisconceptioncauses.35.

Whatistheauthor’ssuggestioninthelastparagraph?A.

Actingliketheloudestfew.B.

Improvingmoralstandards.C.

Avoidingonlineengagement.D.

Valuingreal-lifeinteractions.【答案】32.C33.A

34.B

35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了网络世界与现实世界之间的差异，指出人们往往高估网络上的有害行为，并分析了造成这种认知偏差的原因及其影响，最后提出了缩小这一差距的建议。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Youleaveanhourofonlinesurfingwiththesensethattheworldisfallingapart.Intherealworld,however,aneighboryoudisagreewithpoliticallyhelpsyoustartyourcar.The

dissonance

isnoaccident.(你上网一小时后，感觉世界要崩溃了。然而，在现实世界中，一个与你政治观点不同的邻居却帮你发动了汽车。这种dissonance并非偶然)”可知，前一句描述了网络世界带来的负面感受，后一句则通过现实中的例子展示了与网络世界截然不同的积极体验，两者形成对比。由此可推测，划线词dissonance指的是这种“对比”，与C项“Contrast”意思相近。故选C项。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Mostoffensivepostscomefromasmallgroupofhighlyactiveusers,whoseoutsizedpostsshapepublicbeliefs,creatingthe“majorityillusion”thatmakesthisminorityseemlikethenorm,drowningoutthesilentmajority.(大多数冒犯性帖子来自一小群高度活跃的用户，他们过度的帖子塑造了公众的信念，制造了一种“多数错觉”，使这一少数群体看起来像是常态，淹没了沉默的大多数)”可知，少数高度活跃的用户通过发布大量帖子，使公众误以为他们的行为是大多数人的行为，从而形成了一种“错误的印象”。由此可推测，“majorityillusion”指的是“错误的印象”。故选A项。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Ourbrainsarewiredtonoticethreatsandmoralbreaks—negativecontentsticksinourminds.Additionally,socialmediaalgorithms(算法)prioritizecontentthatcausesstrongreactionstokeepusersengaged,withfalsehoodsspreadingfasterthantruth.Botnetworks(僵尸网络)addtothenoise:ithasbeenreportedthatbadbotsmakeuproughlyathirdofglobalwebtraffic,misleadingwhattrendsandwhoappearspopular.(我们的大脑天生就会注意到威胁和道德上的缺陷——负面内容会留在我们的记忆中。此外，社交媒体算法会优先考虑能引起强烈反应的内容，以保持用户的参与度，而虚假信息的传播速度比真实信息更快。僵尸网络增加了噪音：据报道，恶意机器人约占全球网络流量的三分之一，误导了哪些趋势和谁看起来受欢迎)”可知，本段主要分析了为什么少数高度活跃的用户会感觉像多数，即解释了“多数错觉”产生的原因。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thekeyliesinrecognizingonlineengagementdoesn’tequalapproval:skip“mostengaging”feedsandgroundourviewsinactualworldconnections.Imagineapublicsquarewheretheloudestfewdon’tseizethemicrophone—disagreementremains,buttheairresoundswithdailylife:neighborshelpingstartcars,strangersholdingdoors.Online,wecanmakethatrealityvisibleagain.(关键在于认识到网络参与并不等于认可：跳过“最吸引人”的动态，将我们的观点建立在现实世界的联系上。想象一个广场，在那里，声音最大的几个人不会抢走麦克风——分歧依然存在，但空气中回荡着日常生活：邻居帮忙发动汽车，陌生人为你开门。在网上，我们可以让这种现实再次可见)”可知，作者建议人们应该重视现实生活中的互动，而不是仅仅关注网络上的动态。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）WhystrugglewithanessaywhenAIcangenerateoneonyourbehalfinseconds?WhypersonallyrespondtoanemailwhenAIcaninstantlyproduceautomaticrepliesfilledwithallthetypicalgreetingsandtalking-points?

____36____

Nevertheless,theeaseisnotnecessarilyagoodthing.Writingstillcan’tbereplacedevenintheAI-drivenera.Writingservesasafundamentalcognitive(认知的)exercisethroughwhichwerealizewhatwetrulyunderstand,acknowledgethelimitsofourknowledge,anddevelopstructuredreasoning.Morecrucially,itispreciselybytheveryactofwritingthatweindividualsultimatelymakenewsenseoftheworldaroundusandarriveatadeeperunderstan