人教新目标(Go for it)初中中考英语阅读理解科普环保类专题练习二附答案解析

人教新目标（Gofo「it）初中中考英语

阅读理解科普环保类专题练习（二）附答案解析

（已排版可直接打印）

Whenitcomestolong-distancespacetravel,thebiggestproblemisthatspaceshipscan

onlygetasfarasthefuelonboardallows.In1964,aBritishwriterClarkecameupwiththe

ideaof"solarsailing"inhissciencefiction.Hewroteoflarge,mirror-likesailsthatcollect

powerfromthesunandfreespaceshipsfromthelimitationoffuel.

Thissci-fiideawasfirstsuccessfullybroughttoreality（现实）in2（）10byJapan's

IKAROSsatellite.Eversincethen,thetechnologyhasimprovedmissionbymission,withthe

latestbeingNASA'sAdvancedCompositeSolarSail3（ACS3）.NASAhasrecently

announcedthatit'sgoingtoteamupwithLithuania'ssatellite-buildingcompany

NanoAvionicstotestitsnewsailinlow-Earthorbit.

Tomany,asolarsail（太阳帆）maylooklikeagiantsolarpanel（太阳能电池板）,but

itactualworksverydifferenlly.Whilesolarpanelstakeinenergyfromthesunandchangeit

intopowersolarsailsusephotons（光/）givenoffbythesuntocreatedirectpower.Besides,

solarpanelsarebigandheavytocarry,whilesolarsailsarcjusttheopposite.

AccordingtoAbbott,theCEOofNanoAvionics,theupcominglowEarthorbittrial

withNASA,ifsuccessful,willbefollowedwithdeep-spacemissionsthatinvolvelargersolar

sails.Theseareidealforlow-costandlong-distancespacetravelbecausefuelwillnolonger

beaproblem.

"Itstartedasasci-fidream,"PopularMechanicsreporterJenniferLemanwrote.

"Nowitcouldbethefutureofspaceflight."

（1）WhatcanwesayaboutsolarsailingaccordinglothefirstIwoparagraphs?

A.Itwaswidelyusedinspacetravel.

B.ItwastriedbyIKAROSsatellite.

C.Ilwasfrom（hecreativeideabyClarke.

（2）Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesolarsailscomparedwithsolarpanels?

A.Bigandheavy.B.Smallandlight.C.Powerfuland

large.

第1页共33页

(3)WhatdoestheunderlinedwordTheseinparagraph4referto?

A.Largersolarsails.

B.Deep-spacemissions.

C.Long-distancespaceflights.

(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.SolarSail:theLatestTechnology

B.SolarSail:fromDreamtoReality

C.SolarSail:aNewKindofSpaceship

2.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。

Wearingawhiteblouse,Ai-Dastudieshersubjectandbeginstodraw.Shelookslike

anyartistatwork.However,the"beep...beep...beep"noisefromherarmgivesheraway.

Ai-Dais,infact,arobot.

Ai-Dahasbeendescribedastheworld's"firstAl(人工智能)robotartist".Shetakes

hernamefromAdaLovelace,theworld'sfirstfemalecomputerprogrammer.Scientistsat

OxfordUniversitydevelopedAlsystems(系统)forAi-Da.Therobothascamerasinher

eyeballs.Aftershehasstudiedasubject,shewilluseherleftarmtodraw.Now,Ai-Dacan

onlyuseapencilforsketches(素描).Theplanisforhertopaint.

AiDaisnotthefirstAlsystemtoproduceartworks.Since2006,scientistshavebeen

developingsoftware(软件)toturnphotosintodrawings.Lastyear,anartworkcreatedusing

AlwassoldinNewYorkfor$432,500.However,Ai-Da,shuman-like叩pearance."brings

somethingnewtothefield.

InJune,Ai-DaopenedherfirstexhibitionatOxford.Thenwereabout3()drawingsby

therobot.Ai-Da,standingnexttoherartworks,attracted(吸弓I)manyvisitors.

Ai-Da'sinventor,AidanMellcr,talkedaboutlliviiiqjorlanccoftherobot."Ai-Da

bringanewvoicetotheartworld,"shesaid"Alisgoingtobethebigthingofthe2020s.

Thatinfluencesusgreatly.1Mellerhopestheexhibitionwasjustthestartandthatmorewill

followtoshowhowAlisinfluencinghumanlife.

(1)Ai-DaisarealartistwhohelpsscientistsatOxfordUniversitydevelopAIsystems.

(2)Lastyear,scientistsbegantodevelopsoftwaretoturnphotosintodrawings.

(3)InJune,Ai-DaopenedherfirstexhibitionatOxfordsuccessfully.

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(4)AidanMellerthinksAIisgoingtoinfluencehumanlifemoreandmoregreatly.

3.阅读理解

ThelongestriverintheworldistheNile.Itis4,160mileslong.ButtheNileisnot

themightiest(浩荡的)river.TheAmazonis.TheAmazonisalsothesecondlongestriverin

theworld.Itis3,900mileslong.Howlongisthat?ItislongerthanaroadgoingfromNew

YorkCitytoSanFrancisco.

TheAmazonis(hemightiestforthisreason.Ithas(hegreatestamountofwater.More

waterrunsouttoseathanfromtheNile.Mississippi,andYangtzeriverscombined.That'sa

lotoffreshwater!Theforceofitscurrent(水流)isgreattoo.Thecurrentcanbeseen200

milesoutinthesea.ThercsastorytoshowtheAmazon'samazingcurrent.Ashipsailed〔航

行)farawayfromBrazil.Itranoutofdrinkingwater.Anothershippassedby.Thefirstship

askedforwater.Someonennthesecondshipsaid."Justpatyourbuckets(fflj)intothesea."

Hereareafewmorefacts.Atitsmouth,theAmazonis90mileswide.Evenupthe

river,youcan'tsee(heoppositebank.Theriverisalsoverydeep(from22to76meters).

Duringrainyseason,theriverrisesabout16metersmore.Bigoceanshipscansailabout

1,800milesupstream(向上游).SmallershipscansailL000milesfarther.

What'sthemostbloodthirstyfishintheworld?No.It'snotthesharkIt'stheAmazon's

piranha.ltisonlyabout10cmto20cmlong.Ithassharpteeth.Thousandstravelinagroup.

Noanimalcanswimacrosstheriver.A1,000-poundhorsewouldbejustbones(骨头)in

threeminutes.Areyouplanningatripto(heAmazon?Here'sapieceofadvice.Leaveyour

swimsuitathome!

(1)Afterreadingthispassageitseemsclearthat.

A.peopledonotdrinktheAmazon'swater

B.ilwouldnolbegoodtovisittheAmazonduringrainyseason

C.sailingontheAmazonrequiresaknowledgeofitscurrent

(2)ThewriterhelpsyouunderstandhowlongtheAmazonisby.

A.tellinghowlongtheNileis

B.comparingittoadistance(距离)onland

C.comparingitwiththeYangtzeRiver

(3)InParagraph卜our,theword"sharp"means""inChinese.

第3页共33页

A.锋利的B.急剧的C.强烈的

（4）Thepassagemainlytellsus.

A.piranhaintheAmazon

B.travelingintheAmazon

C.interestingfactsabouttheAmazon

4.阅读理解

Wehaveknownforalongtime（hatflowersofdifferentplantsopenandcloseat

differenttimeofday.Thisissofamiliarthatthereseemstobenoneedtoaskthereasonforit.

Yetnoonereallyunderstandswhyflowersopenandcloselikethisatparticulartimes.The

process（过程）isnotassimpleaswemightthink,asrecentexperimentshaveshown.Inone

study,flowerswerekeptinconstant（连续的）darkness.Wcmightexpectthattheflowers,

withoutanyinformationaboutthetimeofday,didnotopenastheynormallydo.Infact,rhey

continuedtoopenattheirusualtime.Thissuggeststhattheyhavesomemysterious（神秘的）

wayofknowing（hetime.Theirsenseoftimedoesnotdependoninformationfromthe

outsideworld;itis,sotospeak,insidethem,akindof"innerclock".

Thisdiscovery（发现）maynotseemtobeveryimportant.However,itwaslater

foundthatnotjustplantsbutalsoanimals—includingman——havethis"innerclock"which

controlstheworkingoftheirbodiesandinfluences（影响）theiractivities.Men,then,arealso

influencedbythismysteriouspower.Whetherwewishitornot,itaffectssuchthingsinour

lifeasourneedforsleep,ourneedforfood.

Inthepast,thisdidnotmatterverymuchbecausepeoplelivedinnaturalcondition.

Inthemodernworld,thingsaredifferent;nowtherearespacemen,airplanepilotsand,in

ordinarylife,alotofpeoplewhohavetoworkatnight.Itwouldbeveryuseful,then,toknow

nioieaboutthe"innercluck.".Sucliordinarytilingsasflowersmightliulpusunderslaiidfiiure

aboutourselves.

（1）Arecentexperimentshowedthat.

A.differentflowersopenandcloseatdifferenttimesofday

B.fortheiropeningandclosing,flowersdonotneedinformationfromtheoutsideworld

C.flowersareinfluencedbyweaklightevenwhentheyareinadarkroom

D.flowerscanbeusedtortellingthetime

第4页共33页

(2)The"innerclock".

A.isanunimportantdiscoveryB.isonlyfoundinanimals

C.hasnotbeenunderstoodbyfarD.hasaneffectonhumanlife

(3)Furtherstudyofihe"innerclock"willbeusefulbecause.

A.itmighthelpusinsomeway

B.wedonotyetunderstandplantsandanimalswellenough

C.thenumberofspacemenandairplanepilotsisfastincreasing

D.weshouldtrytolivemorenaturallythanwedonow

(4)Keptinconstantdarkness,flowers.

A.willnotopenorcloseasusual

B.willnotopenanylonger

C.willopenastheydoinnaturalconditions

D.willalwaysremaininfullblossom(开花)

(5)haveamysteriouspowerofknowingtimewithoutinformationfrom

theoutsideworld.

A.Animalsincludingmanaswellasplants

B.Alllivingthingsexceptman

C.Flowersaretheonlythingsintheworldthat

D.Neitheranimalsnorplants

5.阅读理解

Haveyoueverhadtroublesleepinginanewplace?

Lotsofpeopledo.AndnowresearchersfromBrownUniversityinRhodeIslandthink

theyknowwhy.Theyfoundthatone-halfofthebrain"remainsmoreawake"thantheother

halfwhenpeoplearctryingtosleepinanewplace.

Thisappearsacaseofthebrainkeepingpeoplereadyfortroubleinanewplace,the

researcherssaid.

ThesleepfindingswerereportedinCurrentBiologybyBrownUniversity.Intheir

report,theresearcherssaidmanypeoplereporttheyhaveahardertimesleepingthefirstnight

atahotelorotherplacesoutsidetheirhome.Theycallit"first-nightinfluence"."InJapan

theysay,*Ityouchangeyourpillow,youcan'tsleep,'"saidYukaSasaki,oneotthereport's

第5页共33页

writers,"Youdon'tsleepverywellinanewplace.Weallknowaboutit."

Theresearchersmeasuredbrainwaves(测量J］由波)for35volunteersovertwonights

inalaboratory.Thetwonightswereaweekapart.Theyfoundduringthefirstnighttheleft

halfofthebrainwasmoreactivethantherighthalf.Thiswasduringthefirstdeep-sleep

period,theresearcherssaid.

Sasakisaidalotofquestionsremain.

Researchersdidnotkeepmeasuringbrainwavesallnightlong.So,theydon'tknowif

thelefthalfkeeps"watch"allnight.Orwhetherit"worksinshifts"withtherighthalflaterin

thenight.Theyalsodon'tknowwhythebrainactivity,atleastduringthefirstperiodofdeep

sleep,isalwaysonthelefthalf.

Forsome,thisresearchmaybecalming.Itisgoodtoknowthatourbrainis"looking

outforus"inanewplace.Butitmaynothelpwithsleep.Thatbrainactivity,atleast

accordingtothisnewresearch,makesithardertogetthesleeppeopleneedtowakeupwell

restedinthemorning.

(1)Whatdidtheresearchfindduringthefirstdeep-sleepperiod?

A.Theyfoundthebrainwaveremainedthesame.

B.Theyfoundthebrainactivityhelpedwithsleep.

C.Theyfoundtherighthalfofthebrainkept"watch'.

D.Theyfoundthelefthalfofthebrainwasmoreactive.

(2)Whichofthefollowingisoneofthequestionsthatremain?

A.Whetherthenewbedkeepsyoufromsleeping.

B.Howyouhavetroublesleepinginanewplace.

C.Whythebrainactivityisalwaysonthelefthalf.

D.Whatpeoplecandowhentheycan'tsleepwell.

(3)Theunderlinedword"calming"hastheclosestmeaningto.

A.pleasingB.differentC.seriousD.strange

(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph7refer(o?

A.Thebrainwave.B.Thebrainactivity.

C.Thewholebrain.D.Thelefthalfofthebrain.

6.阅读理解

第6页共33页

Inmanypartsoftheworld,springisinfullbloorri.Flowersofallcolorsandshapes

canbeseeneverywhere.Theymakeourworldlookandsmellbetter.So,itisnosurprisethat

peopleloveflowers!Well...exceptforone-dandelions(蒲公英)！

Thereisprobablynoflowermorehatedormisunderstoodthanthebrightyellow

dandelions.Inordertohaveatidygarden,wetryourbesttokillalldandelionsordigthem

out-onlytoseetheseunwantedplantsgrowrightback.Butthat'snotbadbecausewehave

goodreasonstoleavethemalone.

Infact,themosthatedfloweronEarthisoneofthehealthiesttoeat.A2014study

listsdandelionsasoneofthetop41healthiestfoods.Cominginatnumber16,thewild

growing"weed"toppedpopularhealthylikebroccoliandkale.Dandelionsarefullof

vitaminsK,A,EandC.Theyhavelongbeenusedasmedicine.

Anothergreatthingaboutdandelionsisthatyoucaneateverypartofthem—fromthe

bottomoftherootstothe(opoftheflower,eithercookedoruncooked.Youcanalsoputthe

flowersorrootsinhotwatertomakedandeliontea.Great!Nothinggoestowaste!

Besides,dandelionsarefunforkids!Pickthewhitelop,closeyoureyes,makeawish

andblow!Ifyoublowallofitinonebreath,yourwishwillcometme.Thisgameisplayed

allovertheworld.

Stillunwantedplants?Ofcoursenot!Dandelionsarcgoodforhumanhealthaswell

asourkitchen.Theyalsoofferkidsfreetoys!Sonexttimewhenyouareblowingthem,blow

harder-you'rehelpingthisgreatplantgrowin(hewild,evenifyourownwishdoesnot

cometrue!

(1)Thefirstparagraphismainlytodrawreader'sattentionto.

A.flowersB.colorsC.shapes

D.dandelions

(2)Accordingtothepassage,dandelions.

A.havenoflowersB.cannotbeeaten

C.arceasytokillD.archealthyplants

(3)Byblowingdandelions,kidscanmostprobably.

A.killthemB.havefun

C.maketeaD.haveeverything

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（4）Ifweputthepassageintothreeparts,whichofthefollowingisthebest?

（①=Para.（自然段）1@=Para.2（3）=Para.3（4）=Para.4（5）=Para.5

⑥=Para.6）

A.①②;③④⑤;⑥B,①②;③④;⑤⑥

C.①②③;④⑤;⑥D.①;②③;④⑤⑥

7.阅读理解

TheTaojinshanGreenway（绿道）inShenzhenhasbeenopentocitizenssinceJuly,

2019.SittingatthewestsideofShenzhenReservoir,itisaslongas7.07kilometers.

Withplantsalongbothsidesandlakeslyingatdifferentsites,touristscanenjoy

wonderfulsceneryalltheway.Iftheyaretired,theyarefreetotakearestatthe3stopsthat

werebuiltforbreaks.Additionally,fiveunusedguardposts（岗享）alongtheoldroutehave

remained.Theyserveassightseeingplatformsforvisitorstofeeltheculturalspiritbehindthe

place.

Ofallits13scenicspots,8weredesignedtohaveAlhelpers.Fromthem,visitorscan

gaininformationonparking,tourguideservicesandmore.Thesmartgreenway,withfree

Wi-Fiavailable,alsoprovidesenvironmentaldate,suchastemperature,windspeedandair

quality.What'smore,itcangivevisitorswarningsofcomingextreme（极端的）weatherand

naturaldisasters,includingrainstormsandtyphoonsthatmayhitShenzhen.

"Startedinthemiddleof2015,thebuildingprocessoftheTaojinshanGreenwayhas

takengoodcareofdewildlifeandenvironmentnearby"saidYangShiming,anoffcialin

chargeoftheproject."

Thegreenwayisanexampleofconstructionprojectswithoutdoingharmtothe

nature.Italsoshowstherolethattechnologyplaysinbuildingasmartgreenwayformorelife

convenience.”

（1）HowlongdidittaketofinishtheTaojinshanGreenway?

A.About3yearsB.About4years.

C.About5yearsD.About6years.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They"inParagraph2referto?

A.Views.B.Visitors.C.Stops.D.Guard

posts.

第8页共33页

(3)WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?

A.WhatAlhelpersdo.B.Technologychangeslife,

C.HowAlhelperswork.D.Technologyprotectshumans.

(4)Whatcanwclearnfromthispassage?

A.ItisinterestingtouseAlhelpers.

B.Itisimportanttobuildgreenways.

C.1(ispossibletobalancenatureandconstruction.

D.Itisunnecessarytcworryaboutterribleweather.

8.阅读理解

Facialrecognitiontechnology(人脸识别技术)iswidelyusedtoday.Forexample,

policeuseittosearchforbadguys.It'salsousedtounlockphonesordoors.

Now,asimilartechnology,knownasfacialdetection(探测)，isenteringanewfield:the

businessofadvertising(广告).

Suchsystemsaregoingthroughtestsinasmallnumberofstores.Onefacial

detectionsystemcanjudgeaperson's"happiness"or"fear"level.Thathelpsbusinessessee

howpeoplefeelastheyloatproductsoradvertisementsinthestore.Anothersystemcan

detectwhethersomeoneiswearingeyeglasses.Ifso,storescansendadvertisementsfornew

glassestohim.

Facialdetectiontechnologyisalsoplacedinsidesomelargeadvertisingboards.

Camerasinthoseboardscandetectinformationlikepeople'sagesandfivelevelsof

feelings------from"veryhappy"to"veryunhappy".

Supportersofthelechnologysayitcouldimprovebuyers'experiencebyshowing

productstheymightlikeorbyofferingthemproductsatlowerprices.

Sonicaiuagainsttheideaofusingsuchsysluins.PamDixon,theheadofaprivacy

(隐私)group,isoneofthem.Shethinks.Forexample,abusinesscouldraisetheprice

ofaproductaccordingtoaperson'sageandfeelings.

However,onestoretestingthetechnologyexplainedtheywouldn'tstorepeople's

informationlikenamesorages.And(headvertisingboardsystemmakersaiditdidn'tkeep

anypersonalinformationorrecordanyvideos.

(1)Facialdetectiontechnologycantellpeople's,accordingtothepassage.

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A.weightB.feelingsC.heightD.jobs

(2)Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe?

A.nobodylikestohavetheirfeelingscollected

B.itisveryimportanttoprotectpeople'sprivacy

C.thestrangeactionsmaycausesomethingunfair

D.businessesmayusethemtohavemorecustomers

(3)Wecaninferfromthepassagethatfacialdetectiontechnology.

A.candelectbuyers'namesandrecordthem

B.isputinsidesomelargeadvertisingboards

C.maybeusedtosellcheapergoodsinallstores

D.mayneedsometimebeforebeingwidelyused

(4)Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe".

A.FacialRecognitionTechnologyEnteringaNewField

B.FacialRecognitionTechnologyLookingforBadGuys

C.FacialDetectionTechnologyGoingintoAdvertisingField

D.FacialDetectionTechnologyImprovingBuyers'Experience

9.阅读理解

InChina,eachyearwcproduceabout150milliontonsofcitywasteaccordingtoa

report.Wheredoesthewastego?Peopleusuallyburnorbury(tl)it.Ontheotherhand,we

receivewastefromsomedevelopedcountries.Wegetusefulmaterialsfromit.Whataboutthe

uselesspart?Stillburnedorburied.Butisitaproperway?

Wastepollutestheenvironment,harmspeople'shealthandcausesanimalstodie.It

alsogetsinthewayofgreenandsustainabledevelopmeni.Wecan'tmakemoneyatthecost

oftheciiviroiniiciil.

Wcshouldleavecleanwaterandgreenmountainstoournextgenerations(一代人).

Chinaisgettingreallyseriousaboutwastenow.

Wearetakinglesswastefromdevelopedcountries.FromJanuary2018,Chinastarted

tostop24kindsofwastecomingintoourcountry.Andmorelawsandrulesaboutdealing

withwastehavebeenmade.Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.

Chinaalsotriestoputwasteintogooduse.Oneexampleisthewasteelectricity

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factories.Theyburnwastetomakeelectricityinagreenway.Noharmfulgasesorwaterwill

getintotheenvironment.

TheChinesegovernmentisencouragingpeopletodowastesorting(分类).Citieslike

Shanghai,

ChongqingandBeijinghavetheirownsortingsystems.Morewilljointhemsoon.As

PresidentXiJinpingsaidduringavisittoShanghai,wastesortingisanewfashion(时尚).

Moreandmorepeopleareformingthehabitofseparatingtheirwaste.

(1)Thewriterstartsthepassageby.

A.tellingstoriesB.comparingnumbers

C.raisingquestionsD.givingsuggestions

(2)Theunderlinedword"sustainable"inParagraph2means""inChinese.

A.可享受的B.可持续的C,可借鉴的D.可免活

的

(3)Fromthepassage,weknowthat.

A.wastedoesharmonlytotheenvironment

B.thosewhobreakthelawmaynotbepunished

C.Chinastopsgettingwastefromdevelopedcountries

D.wastesortingstartstobecomepopularinChina

(4)Thestructureofthepassagemaybe.

(①二Paragraph1②二Paragraph2(3)=Paragraph3④二Paragraph4⑤二Paragraph5

⑥=Paragraph6)

A.

第11页共33页

r®-®

10.阅读理解

Whetherfromnewsreportsorsocialmediaarticles,youmayknowthat5Giscoming.

5Gisthe5thgenerationnetwork.Itisanewnetwork（网络）after1G,2G,3Gand4Gand

itcanconnecteveryoneandeverythingtogether.5Gnetworkswillcover/manycitiesinChina

soon.5Gmeanssuper-fastdata（数据）speed.Onecandownloadatwo-hourmovieforfewer

than10seconds,anditismakingourhivesmoreandmoreconvenient.

5Gwillmakeself-drivingcarspossible.Forsafety,self-drivingcarsneedsuper-fast

datatransmission（传输）tocommunicatewiththeirnearbyenvironment.5Gisjustwhat

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makesself-drivingcarsachievethis,evenairplaneswillbecome"smart"inthenearfuture.

Passengerswillbeabletouse5GnetworksintheairtoconnecttotheInternetorplaceorders

forfoodanddrinks.

5Gwillbeabighelpforstudentswhotakeonlineclasses.Manypeopleliveinpoor

areasintheworldwheretherearenoschools.Butwith5G,thiswillchange.Studentsallover

theworldwillbeabletoseeplacesliketheGreatWallwithoutleavingtheirrooms.

Itwillbealsoeasierfordoctorstotreatpatientsremotelyby5G.Itmeanscaringfor

patientsfromfaraway.

Thefatslistedaboveareonlyapartofwhat5Gwillmakepossibleandpopular.Just

asintheearlydaysoftheInternetinthe1990s,fewcouldseehowitcouldchangeorlieand

theworld.Thesamewillsurelybetrueof5G.With5G,manythingsdonotseemlikedreams

anymore.Nowlet'sgetreadytosaygoodbyeto4Gandwelcomethecomingof5G.

(1)Howlongmayittaketodownloadatwo-hourmoviewith5G?

A.15seconds.B.8seconds.C.10minutes.D.2hours.

(2)Theunderlinedword"remotely"meansinChinese.

A.快速地B.高效地C,远程地D.科学地

(3)Fromthelastparagraph,wecanknowthat.

A.4Gisnomoreusedinourdailylifenow

B.thewriterisworriedaboutthecomingof5G

C.with5G,someofourdreamswillcometrueforsureoneday

D.inthe1990s,allthepeoplebelieved(hattheInternetwouldchangeourlife

(4)5GwillmakethefollowingthingsmoreandmorepopularEXCEPT.

A.self-drivingcarsB."smart"airplanes

C.onlineclassesD.hospitalswithoutdoctois

(5)About5G,isNOTmentionedinthepassage.

A.tobeusedfreely

B.super-fastdataspeed

C.toconnecteveryoneandeverythingtogether

D.tomakelifemoreconvenientthan4G

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人教新目标（Goforit）初中中考英语

阅读理解科普环保类专题练习（二）答案解析

（已排版可直接打印）

Whenitcomestolong-distancespacetravel,thebiggestproblemisthatspaceshipscan

onlygetasfaras（hefuelonboardallows.In1964,aBritishwriterClarkecameupwiththe

ideaof"solarsailing"inhissciencefiction.Hewroteoflarge,mirror-likesailsthatcollect

powerfromthesunandfreespaceshipsfromthelimitationoffuel.

Thissci-fiideawasfirstsuccessfullybroughttoreality（现实）in2010byJapan's

1KAROSsatellite.Eversincethen,thetechnologyhasimprovedmissionbymission,withthe

latestbeingNASA'sAdvancedCompositeSolarSail3（ACSS）.NASAhasrecently

announced（hatit'sgoingtoteamupwithLithuania'ssatellite-buildingcompany

NanoAvionicstotestitsnewsailinlow-Earthorbit.

Tomany,asolarsail（太阳帆）maylooklikeagiantsolarpanel（太阳能电池板）,but

itactualworksverydifferently.Whilesolarpanelstakeinenergyfromthesunandchangeit

intopowersolarsailsusephotons（光子）givenoffbythesuntocreatedirectpower.Besides,

solarpanelsarebigandheavytocarry,whilesolarsailsarcjusttheopposite.

AccordingtoAbbott,theCEOofNanoAvionics,theupcominglow-Earthorbittrial

withNASA,ifsuccessful,willbefollowedwithdeep-spacemissionsthatinvolvelargersolar

sails.Theseareidealforlow-costandlong-distancespacetravelbecausefuelwillnolonger

beaproblem.

"Itstartedasasci-fidream,"PopularMechanicsreporterJenniferLemanwrote.

"Nowitcouldbethefiiluicofspaceflight."

（1）Whatcanwesayaboutsolarsailingaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Itwaswidelyusedinspacetravel.

B.ItwastriedbyIKAROSsatellite.

C.ItwasfromthecreativeideabyClarke.

（2）Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesolarsailscomparedwithsolarpanels?

A.Bigandheavy.B.Smallandlight.C.Powerfuland

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large.

(3)Wha