河南驻马店市青桐鸣2024-2025学年高一下学期5月大联考英语试题（解析版）

秘密★启用前2027届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试青桐鸣大联考（高一）英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanstillneedtodoforhisshow?A.Pntmorepieces.B.Decoratesomeworks.C.Reproldlights.2.Whatdoesthewoman’sfriendrecommend?A.Amobileapp.B.Anotebook.C.Anadvisor.3.Whendoesthewomanusuallygotobed?A.At1:00a.m.B.At11:00p.m.C.At11:30p.m.4.Whatticketdoesthewomansuggest?A.Adaypass.B.Asingle-rideticket.C.Areturn-ridepass.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Visitingafriend.B.Makingashoppinglist.C.Buyingabirthdaypresent.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WheredidDanamovetorecently?A.Berlin.B.Paris.C.Denver.7.WhydidDanamakeamove?A.Shegotanewjob.B.Shehadtostudyfurther.C.Herkidswantedtotravelabroad.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whereisthemanstaying?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Atacampsite.9.Whatactivityisthemanconsideringtrying?A.Camping.B.Swimming.C.Surfing.10.Whatmightthewomanoffertohelpwithnext?A.Bookingabeach.B.Planningactivities.C.Arrangingtransportation.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdidthewomandoonSunday?A.Shevisitedthepark.B.Shetidiedtheroom.C.Shelookedafterherbrother’sdog.12.Whatsurprisingitemsdidthemanfind?A.Schoolprojects.B.Ancientclothes.C.Postcards.13Whatdoesthemanplantodowithhisfindings?A.Bringthemtohisparents.B.Makethemintoavideo.C.Putthemintoabook.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatdidthewomanhelpleadlastweek?A.Atrning.B.Ameeting.C.Apresentation.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherworkpractice?A.Bored.B.Anxious.C.Satisfied.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Coworkers.C.Classmates.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdopeoplekeepindoorplantsmnlyfor?A.Healthbenefits.B.Homedecoration.C.rcleaning.18.Whichfactorofgrowingindoorplantsbringsaboutmindfulness?A.Dlycare.B.Strictobservation.C.Survivingextremes.19.Whatarerecommendedtonewplantowners?A.Nice-lookingspecies.B.Easy-to-plantplants.C.Fast-growingtypes.20.Whatkindoflifestyledoplantsrepresent?A.Eco-friendly.B.Family-centered.C.Closetonature.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGoingbacktocollegeisachancetoimproveyourworkopportunities,butfiguringouthowtopaytuition(学费)canbedifficultformany.WhatIsaTuitionPaymentPlan?Atuitionpaymentplanbreaksupyourcollegetuitionbillintoequalpaymentsacrosstheacademicyear.Youmightalsoseethesecalleddeferred(延期的)paymentplans.Paymentplansareshort-termoptions,lastingfromafewmonthstooneyeardependingonwhatagivenschooloffers.Tojoin,you’llpayasmallamountofmoney($15—$200),butthisisstillcheaperthanthemoneyborrowedfromabank.Usually,ifyouborrowmoneyfromabank,you’llberequiredtopaybackextramoney(calledinterest)overyears,whilepaymentplansletyoupaytuitionwithoutaddedcosts.Thismakesthemasmartchoiceforsavingmoney.HowDoTuitionPaymentPlansWork?Paymentplanshelpfillthegapwithoutdebt(负债).Here’showtousethem:—Planyourcost:Decidehowmuchyoucanaffordeachmonth.Comparethistoyourtotalschoolcostsforthetermoryear.—Signupontime:Whenapplyingforclasses,choosethepaymentplanoptioninthebillingsection.—Paypartfirst:Manyschoolsaskfor20%—50%ofthetotalcostupfront.Savemoneyearlytocoverthis.—Pickapaymentmethod:Mostplansautomatically(自动地)takemoneyfromyourbankaccounteachmonth.Usingacreditcardmightcostextra,sochecktherulesfirst.Ifyourschooldoesn’tofferaplan,youcanalsoaskaboutthird-partyservicesthatcanhelp.1.Whatisthemnadvantageofchoosingatuitionpaymentplan?A.Itencouragessavingmoneyatfirst. B.Itavoidsadditionalchargesovertime.CItchangesstudents’spendinghabit. D.Itallowsstudentstojoinforfree.2.Whichstepensuresautomaticmonthlypaymentsunderatuitionplan?A.Signingupforthecourse. B.Avoidingthird-partyservices.C.Selectingabankaccount. D.Paying50%ofthetotalcostupfront.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Abusinessschoolguide. B.Amoney-savingmagazine.C.Auniversityapplicationform. D.Abankservicebrochure.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了学费支付计划的特点以及使用方法。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第三段“whilepaymentplansletyoupaytuitionwithoutaddedcosts.Thismakesthemasmartchoiceforsavingmoney(而支付计划让你支付学费时无需额外费用，这使其成为省钱的明智选择)”可知，学费支付计划的主要优势是无需支付额外费用（如利息），避免了长期累积的附加成本。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“HowDoTuitionPaymentPlansWork?”部分的“Pickapaymentmethod:Mostplansautomaticallytakemoneyfromyourbankaccounteachmonth(选择支付方式：大多数计划每月自动从你的银行账户扣款)”可知，选择银行账户作为支付方式可确保每月自动扣款。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Goingbacktocollegeisachancetoimproveyourworkopportunities,butfiguringouthowtopaytuition(学费)canbedifficultformany(重返大学是提升工作机会的一个契机，但对许多人来说，弄清楚如何支付学费可能是一件困难的事)”可知，短文可能出自商学院指南。故选A。BIenterawindowlessroominAndrewKeener’sNewMaldenhome.CDsandbookstoweraroundalongdeskcoveredwithheadphones,alaptop,andsheetmusicmarkedwithcolorfulnotes.“Welcometomysafespace,”hesays.It’sherethathehasmademostofhis1,600recordings,winningawardsincludingaGrammyin2003.Keener’sloveformusicstartedin1967when,at13,hediscoveredGramophonemagazineinhisbirthdaypresent.Attractedbyitsreviews,hespenthourscomparingrecordings—Elgar’sCelloConcertobyduPréversusFournier,forexample—andwassoonadvisinghisparentsontheirrecordcollection.AftergraduatingfromEdinburghin1975,Keenertriedteachingbutfeltitwasn’trightforhim.Inordertofindanopportunitytoworkinarecordcompany,hecameupwithacrazyidea:hecalledHi-FiNews&RecordReview,lyingabouthavinganinterviewarrangedwithAndréPrevin—whokindlyagreedwhenKeenerapproachedhiminperson.Thisbecameoneofhisfirstpublishedarticles.Unhappywithteaching,KeenerpackedupandleftScotlandforLondon.Afterbeingrefusedbyarecordshopduetopay,heinsisted:“Idon’tcarewhatyoupayme.WhencanIstart?”SoonhewasworkingatEMGHandmadeGramophones,meetingindustryfiguresandlearningtheproducer’sskill.In1980,hisbreakcamewithHyperionRecords.Hisfirstpiece—recordingtheChopinÉtudes—wasfilledwithtrouble,endingintears.Therecordingwasshelved,buthismentor(导师)sawpromiseandgavehimanotherchance.Overtime,Keenerdevelopedkeyproducerfeatures:deeplistening,musicalunderstanding,andpeopleskills.Askedabout,hejokes,“IhopeI’mdeadwhenittakesover.”Hisadvicetofutureproducers?“Knowthestandardrepertoire(全部技能).It’sthebestwaytoearnanartist’strust.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutAndrewKeener’sworkspace?A.Itreflectshiscarelessattitude. B.Itisafunctionalworkspace.C.ItshowsGrammyawards. D.Itservesasapublicstudio.5.WheredidKeenerlearntheskillsofproducingrecords?A.InScotland. B.Inalocalrecordshop.C.AtEMGHandmadeGramophones. D.FromHi-FiNews&RecordReview.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shelved”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Ldaside. B.Putonthemarket.C.Setunderglass. D.Protectedproperly.7.WhichbestdescribesKeener’sattitudetoinmusicproduction?A.Supportive. B.Indifferent. C.Confident. D.Doubtful.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了AndrewKeener对音乐的热爱起源，以及他在音乐制作领域不断探索、克服困难，最终取得成就并对在音乐制作中的应用持有看法的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“CDsandbookstoweraroundalongdeskcoveredwithheadphones,alaptop,andsheetmusicmarkedwithcolorfulnotes.“Welcometomysafespace,”hesays.It’sherethathehasmademostofhis1,600recordings,winningawardsincludingaGrammyin2003.(一张长长的桌子周围堆满了CD和书籍，桌子上放着耳机、一台笔记本电脑和标有彩色音符的乐谱。‘欢迎来到我的安全空间，’他说。他的1600张唱片大多是在这里制作的，并在2003年获得了包括格莱美奖在内的多个奖项)”可知，这个空间里有制作音乐所需的各种设备和资料，并且他在这里完成了大量的录制工作，说明这是一个功能性的工作空间。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“SoonhewasworkingatEMGHandmadeGramophones,meetingindustryfiguresandlearningtheproducer’sskill.(很快，他在EMGHandmadeGramophones工作，结识了业内人士，并学习了制作人的技能)”可知，Keener是在EMGHandmadeGramophones学习到了制作唱片的技能。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段中“Hisfirstpiece—recordingtheChopinÉtudes—wasfilledwithtrouble,endingintears.Therecordingwasshelved,buthismentor(导师)sawpromiseandgavehimanotherchance.(他的第一部作品——录制肖邦练习曲——充满了麻烦，以泪告终。这次录制被……，但他的导师看到了他的潜力，给了他另一次机会)”可知，因为录制充满麻烦，所以这次录制应该是被搁置了，导师才会再给他一次机会。由此推知，“shelved”有“搁置、放在一边”的意思，与A项“Ldaside”意思相近。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Askedabout,hejokes,‘IhopeI’mdeadwhenittakesover.’(当被问及人工智能时，他开玩笑说：‘我希望在它占据主导地位的时候我已经死了’)”可知，他对在音乐制作中占据主导地位不太乐观，持怀疑态度。故选D项。CHaveyoueversmelledflowersandthought,“Wow,thesecolorsandsmellsjustbelongtogether”?Thatkindofall-in-onefeelingiswhatIntegratedInformationTheory(IIT，整合信息论)triestoexpln.IITisabrave(andkindofbrn-mixing)ideaabouthowwe’reawareoftheworld,putforwardbybrnscientistGiulioTononiintheearly2000s.Thebasicidea?Awarenesshappenswhenpartsofasystem—likeyourbrn—worktogetherandshareinformationinasuper-connectedway.Thinkofitlikeagroupchat:ifeveryone’stalkingandsharingideas,thegroupknowsmorethananyonepersonalone.That“togetherness”ismeasuredbysomethingcalled“phi”(yes,itsoundslikeasuperheroname).Thehigherthephi,themoreawarethesystemmightbe.Forexample,theouterpartofyourbrn—thepartthathelpsyouthink,feel,anddaydreaminclass—isfullofconnections.Soitprobablyhasahighphi.Butthelowerpartsofthebrn,eventhoughtheyhavelotsofneurons(神经元),don’ttalktoeachothermuch.Andifthey’redamaged,peopleusuallystayaware—somaybetheydon’tmatterasmuchforawareness.Here’swhereIITgetsstrange:itsaysthatanythingwithhighphi—evenagreatcomputerchip—mightbealittlebitaware.Forexample,isyourtoaster(烤面包机)secretlythinkingaboutyourbreakfast?Noteveryoneisafan.In2023,scientistAndreaSodduandhisteamtriedmeasuringphiinrealbrnsduringsleep.Theyfoundphidroppedintwoareas—possiblykeyspotsforawareness.Still,critics(批评家)likeScottAaronsonsaythosedropsjustshownormalbrnchanges.Infact,124brnscientistsevensignedalettercallingIIT“fake(假的)science”.SupportersargueIITisn’tperfect,butit’sstillarealideaworthexploring.Afterall,evenbigideasstartsmall—justlikeneurons.8.HowdoestheauthorexplnthebasicideaofIIT?A.Byquotingfromabrnscientist. B.Bypresentingadetledprocess.C.Bycomparingittoacommonsituation. D.ByshowingthepictureproducedbyIIT.9.Whatisparagraph3mnlyabout?A.Thehigherphiinadamagedbrn. B.Theneurondifferencesinbrnparts.C.Thefunctionofneuronsandawareness. D.Theexampleofphi-awarenessrelationship.10.Whatisthecritics’mnargumentaboutIIT?A.Phireflectsnormalbrnchanges. B.Itoverstatestheroleofawareness.C.Itignoresthevarietyofbrnstructure. D.Experimentsfltoincludeenoughpeople.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowIITImprovesBrnScienceB.IIT:AnArguedTheoryofAwarenessC.HowBrnInjuriesProveModernNeuroscienceD.Phi:ANewToolforMeasuringComputerAwareness【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍整合信息论(IIT)的基本概念、争议及科学界的不同观点。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thinkofitlikeagroupchat:ifeveryone’stalkingandsharingideas,thegroupknowsmorethananyonepersonalone.That“togetherness”ismeasuredbysomethingcalled“phi”(yes,itsoundslikeasuperheroname).Thehigherthephi,themoreawarethesystemmightbe.(把它想象成一个群聊：如果每个人都在交流和分享想法，整个群体知道的就比任何一个人单独知道的更多。这种“整体性”由一种叫做“phi”的东西来衡量（是的，听起来像超级英雄的名字）。phi值越高，系统的意识可能越强。)”可知，作者通过类比群聊这一常见场景解释IIT的核心概念。故选C项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Forexample,theouterpartofyourbrn—thepartthathelpsyouthink,feel,anddaydreaminclass—isfullofconnections.Soitprobablyhasahighphi.Butthelowerpartsofthebrn,eventhoughtheyhavelotsofneurons(神经元),don’ttalktoeachothermuch.Andifthey’redamaged,peopleusuallystayaware—somaybetheydon’tmatterasmuchforawareness.(例如，大脑的外层——帮助你思考、感受和在课堂上做白日梦的部分——充满了连接。因此，它的phi值可能很高。但是大脑的较低区域，尽管有很多神经元，却不怎么相互交流。而且如果它们受损，人们通常仍能保持意识——所以也许它们对意识的影响不大。)”可知，通过对比大脑不同区域的连接程度与phi值、意识的关系，举例说明phi值与意识的关联。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“In2023,scientistAndreaSodduandhisteamtriedmeasuringphiinrealbrnsduringsleep.Theyfoundphidroppedintwoareas—possiblykeyspotsforawareness.Still,critics(批评家)likeScottAaronsonsaythosedropsjustshownormalbrnchanges.Infact,124brnscientistsevensignedalettercallingIIT“fake(假的)science”.(2023年，科学家安德里亚·索杜和他的团队尝试在睡眠期间测量真实大脑中的phi值。他们发现有两个区域的phi值下降了——可能是意识的关键部位。尽管如此，像斯科特·阿伦森这样的批评家说，这些下降只是显示了大脑的正常变化。事实上，124名脑科学家甚至签署了一封信，称IIT为“伪科学”。)”可知，批评者认为实验中phi值的下降“仅反映大脑的正常变化”，而非IIT所主张的与意识相关，因此质疑其科学性。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Thatkindofall-in-onefeelingiswhatIntegratedInformationTheory(IIT，整合信息论)triestoexpln.IITisabrave(andkindofbrn-mixing)ideaabouthowwe’reawareoftheworld,putforwardbybrnscientistGiulioTononiintheearly2000s.(那种整体合一的感觉，正是整合信息论（IIT）试图解释的内容。IIT是一个大胆（而且有点令人脑洞大开）的观点，由脑科学家朱利奥·托诺尼（GiulioTononi）在2000年代初提出，用来解释我们是如何感知这个世界的。)”可知，文章首段提出整合信息论（IIT）这一理论，进而在下文中介绍了人们对这一理论的不同看法，由此可知，全文围绕IIT展开，既介绍其核心理论（意识源于系统的高度信息整合），又阐述科学界的争议：支持者认为值得探索，反对者称其为“伪科学”，所以标题“IIT：一个备受争议的意识理论”精准概括了文章的核心矛盾，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。DIn2020,FrenchscientistsDrsLaurenceGaumeandMarionDesquilbetfeltworriedbyanewworldwidestudyaboutdisappearinginsectscalledInsectChange.Itsresultsshowedthatthenumberofinsectsonlandwasdropping,butwaterinsectsweredoingwell—whichdidn’tmatchwhatmanystudieshadfound.“Wethoughttheresultsweretoohopeful,”saysDesquilbet,anenvironmentalexpertattheToulouseSchoolofEconomics.TheInsectChangestudycollectedinformationfromaroundtheworld.ScientistsfromGermany,Russia,andtheU.S.foundthatthenumberoflandinsectswasdroppingby9%everytenyears,whilethatofwaterinsectswasrisingby11%.Thismadeitseemlikeinsectpopulationshadmixedchanges.Butover60scientistsquestionedthefindings.DesquilbetandGaumestudiedthedatacloselyandsdtheyfoundover530mistakesinmethodsanddataexamining.Outof165setsofdata,161hadatleastoneproblem.Issuesincludedconfusingmeasurementunits,matherrorsthathidtruepatterns,andcountinganimalslikeshellfish(贝类),snls,andworms—whicharen’tinsects—especiallyinwaterdata.OneclearexamplecamefromalakeinKazakhstan,wheredatashowedthatthenumberofinsectshadincreasedoveraperiodof100years.But95%ofthecreaturesrecordedwereforeignshellfish.Manydatasetsalsocamefromhuman-madeprojectstohelpinsects—placesthatdon’tshowrealnature.“Peopledon’trealizethehiddenproblems,”Gaumewarns.TheInsectChangeteamacceptedthefeedback(反馈).“Ourdatahaserrors—likeallstudiesdo,”saysprojectleaderDr.RoelVanKlink.Hearguesthesemistakesdon’tchangethemnidea.Acorrectedcopyofthestudyisbeingmade.Thisdiscussionshowsabiggerproblem:howscientiststrackthevarietyoflivingthingsduringenvironmentalemergencies(紧急情况).“Scienceisaprocess,notperfectanswers,”saysecologistDr.ManuSaunders.Mistakeswillhappen,butaskingquestions,discussingopenly,andsharingdataarekeytounderstandingourchangingplanet.12.WhatconcernedGaumeandDesquilbetaboutthestudy?A.Thelackofexperts’comments. B.Thelackofdifferentdatainclusion.C.Theover-populationofglobalinsects. D.Theover-positivefindingsaboutwaterinsects.13.WhichofthefollowingisamistakeintheInsectChangestudy?A.Measuringtoolsweremisused. B.Toofewermistakeswerefound.C.Shellfishwereconsideredasinsects. D.Focuseswerefixedonnaturallivingplaces.14.HowdidtheInsectChangeteamrespondtothedoubt?A.Theyrefusedtomakecomments. B.Theystoppedthestudysoon.C.Theysdotherswereinthewrong. D.Theyadmittederrorsreadily.15.Whatisthemnpurposeofthetext?A.Topointoutthemethodsofscientists.B.Tosupportstricterinsectprotectionlaws.C.Tostresstheimportanceofscientificresearch.D.Toprovetheglobalincreaseofwaterinsects.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了科学家对全球昆虫数量变化研究的质疑以及科学研究的重要性。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itsresultsshowedthatthenumberofinsectsonlandwasdropping,butwaterinsectsweredoingwell—whichdidn’tmatchwhatmanystudieshadfound.“Wethoughttheresultsweretoohopeful,”saysDesquilbet,anenvironmentalexpertattheToulouseSchoolofEconomics.(其结果显示，陆地昆虫的数量正在下降，但水生昆虫的数量却在增加，这与许多研究的结果不符。“我们认为这些结果太乐观了，”图卢兹经济学院的环境专家Desquilbet说)”可知，Gaume和Desquilbet对这项研究感到担忧是因为关于水生昆虫的发现过于乐观，与许多研究的结果不符。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Issuesincludedconfusingmeasurementunits,matherrorsthathidtruepatterns,andcountinganimalslikeshellfish,snls,andworms—whicharen’tinsects—especiallyinwaterdata.(问题包括混淆测量单位、掩盖真实模式的数学错误，以及将贝类、蜗牛和蠕虫等非昆虫生物计入昆虫数量，尤其是在水生数据中)”可知，InsectChange研究中的一个错误是将贝类被视为昆虫。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“TheInsectChangeteamacceptedthefeedback.“Ourdatahaserrors—likeallstudiesdo,”saysprojectleaderDr.RoelVanKlink.Hearguesthesemistakesdon’tchangethemnidea.Acorrectedcopyofthestudyisbeingmade.(InsectChange团队接受了反馈。“我们的数据有错误——就像所有研究一样，”项目负责人RoelVanKlink博士说。他认为这些错误并没有改变主要观点。一份修正后的研究报告正在制作中)”可知，InsectChange团队欣然承认了错误，并正在制作一份修正后的研究报告。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisdiscussionshowsabiggerproblem:howscientiststrackthevarietyoflivingthingsduringenvironmentalemergencies.“Scienceisaprocess,notperfectanswers,”saysecologistDr.ManuSaunders.Mistakeswillhappen,butaskingquestions,discussingopenly,andsharingdataarekeytounderstandingourchangingplanet.(这次讨论揭示了一个更大的问题：科学家如何在环境紧急情况下追踪生物多样性。“科学是一个过程，而不是完美的答案，”生态学家ManuSaunders博士说。错误是难免的，但提出问题、公开讨论和分享数据是理解我们这个不断变化的星球的关键)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是强调科学研究的重要性。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Travelingcanbeanexcitingadventure,butitalsocomeswiththeriskofgettingsick.Tohelpyoustayhealthyonyourjourneys,hereareseveralwaystoavoidgettingsickwhiletraveling.Stayhydrated(水分充足的).Drinkingplentyofwaterisimportantformntninggoodhealthwhiletraveling.Carryareusablewaterbottleandrefillitregularly.Don’tdrinktoomuchcoffeeorwine,whichcandehydrateyou.____16____Washhandsoften.____17____Usesoapandwatertowashyourhandsforatleast20seconds,especiallybeforeeatingandafterusingtherestroom.Cleanhandscangreatlyreduceyourriskofgettingsick.Getenoughsleep.Sufficientrestisnecessaryforastrongimmune(有免疫力的)system.mfor7—9hoursofsleeppernight,evenwhiletraveling.____18____Considerusingearplugsandaneyemask(眼罩)toimprovesleepqualityinunfamiliarenvironments.Putsleepfirsttostayhealthyduringyourtrip.Bemindfuloffoodchoices.Eatingsafelyisimportanttoavoidfoodborneillnesses.Choosefreshlyprepared,well-cookedfoodsandavoidraworundercookeditems.____19____Washfruitsandvegetablesbeforeeating,andavoidtapwaterinareaswhereit’snotsafetodrink.Makingsmartfoodchoicescankeepyouhealthy.Avoidtouchingyourface.Touchingyourface,especiallyyoureyes,nose,andmouth,canpassongerms(细菌)fromyourhands.____20____Usetissuesortowelstocovercoughs.Reducingfacetouchingcanhelppreventthespreadofgerms.A.Stayingactivehelpskeepyourbodystrong.B.Awell-restedbodyisbetterpreparedtofightoffillnesses.C.Stayinghydratedhelpskeepyourbodyfunctioningproperly.D.Becarefulwithstreetfoodandchoosewell-knownrestaurants.E.Bemindfulofthishabitandtrytoavoiditasmuchaspossible.F.Regularhandwashingisoneofthemosteffectivewaystopreventillness.G.Checkthehealthrecommendationsforyourtraveldestinationwellinadvance.【答案】16.C17.F18.B19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旅行时避免生病的几种方法，包括保持水分充足、勤洗手、保证充足睡眠、注意食物选择和避免触摸脸部等。【16题详解】上文“Drinkingplentyofwaterisimportantformntninggoodhealthwhiletraveling.Carryareusablewaterbottleandrefillitregularly.Don’tdrinktoomuchcoffeeorwine,whichcandehydrateyou.(旅行时多喝水对保持健康很重要。携带一个可重复使用的水瓶并定期补充水分。不要喝太多咖啡或酒，它们会让你脱水)”强调了旅行中保持水分充足的重要性。C选项“Stayinghydratedhelpskeepyourbodyfunctioningproperly.(保持水分充足有助于维持身体正常运转)”与上文话题一致，进一步说明了保持水分充足的好处，上下文语意衔接自然。故选C项。【17题详解】下文“Usesoapandwatertowashyourhandsforatleast20seconds,especiallybeforeeatingandafterusingtherestroom.Cleanhandscangreatlyreduceyourriskofgettingsick.(用肥皂和水洗手至少20秒，尤其是在饭前和使用洗手间后。干净的手可以大大降低你生病的风险)”详细说明了洗手的方法和好处。F选项“Regularhandwashingisoneofthemosteffectivewaystopreventillness.(经常洗手是预防疾病最有效的方法之一)”引出了洗手这一话题，与下文内容相呼应。故选F项。【18题详解】上文“Sufficientrestisnecessaryforastrongimmune(有免疫力的)system.mfor7—9hoursofsleeppernight,evenwhiletraveling.(充足的休息对于强大的免疫系统是必要的。即使在旅行时，每晚也要保证7—9小时的睡眠)”强调了充足睡眠对免疫系统的重要性。B选项“Awellrestedbodyisbetterpreparedtofightoffillnesses.(休息好的身体更有能力抵抗疾病)”解释了充足睡眠的好处，与上文逻辑一致。故选B项。【19题详解】上文“Eatingsafelyisimportanttoavoidfoodborneillnesses.Choosefreshlyprepared,wellcookedfoodsandavoidraworundercookeditems.(安全饮食对于避免食源性疾病很重要。选择新鲜制作、煮熟的食物，避免食用生的或未煮熟的食物)”强调了饮食安全的重要性。D选项“Becarefulwithstreetfoodandchoosewellknownrestaurants.(小心街头食品，选择知名的餐厅)”进一步说明了在选择食物时的注意事项，与上文话题一致。故选D项。【20题详解】上文“Touchingyourface,especiallyyoureyes,nose,andmouth,canpassongerms(细菌)fromyourhands.(触摸脸部，尤其是眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴，会将手上的细菌传播开来)”指出了触摸脸部的危害。E选项“Bemindfulofthishabitandtrytoavoiditasmuchaspossible.(留意这个习惯，并尽量避免它)”针对上文提到的危害提出了建议，且句中“thishabit”指代上文“触摸脸部”这一行为。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。GrowingupinNorway,Ialwaysheardstoriesaboutadventuresinicylands.Asakid,Ilovedbeing____21____—camping,skiing,makingfires—andIdecidedtobecometheyoungestwomanto____22____acrossGreenland.Peopleoftendidn’tbelievemebecauseIwasveryshort,butLarsEbbesen,aseasonediceguide,____23____me.BeforeGreenland,I____24____myselfonatripinnorthernNorway,facing—35℃weather.Imadeitthere.TheGreenlandtriptook28dayswithterriblestorms.Once,wewere____25____inourtent(帐篷)forthreedays.Iwasn’t____26____—maybetooyoungtounderstanddanger—butit____27____whoIam.Iwas14.MymomjokesIneverreallyhada____28____stagelikeotherchildren.Onmy15thbirthday,IplannedtogotoAntarctica.Mydadhelpedorganizeit;mymomagreedwhenshesawmy____29____.Theyalwaystoldme:“Don’t_____30_____yourgoals.”At21,Istartedmy1,130kmwalktotheSouthPole.Itrnedhard,gnedweightfor_____31_____,andworespecialequipmentmadejustforme.Istudiedbooks,films,andtipsfromolderadventurers.Thetriplasted54days.Idealtwiththicksnowand_____32_____rat2,800meters.ButreachingthePolewasmagical.I’ddonewhatIdreamedaboutsincechildhood—andseta(n)_____33_____record.WhenImadeit,I_____34_____Larsanemoji(表情)representingsuccess.Afteralltheseexperiences,IfeellikeI’velivedtwicemy_____35_____.21.A.outside B.inside C.abroad D.nearby22.A.sl B.ski C.swim D.surf23.A.respected B.taught C.trusted D.attached24.A.achieved B.behaved C.questioned D.challenged25.A.locked B.observed C.trapped D.lost26.A.excited B.afrd C.anxious D.satisfied27.A.shaped B.changed C.balanced D.confirmed28.A.childhood B.teenager C.adult D.student29.A.determination B.honesty C.generosity D.patience30.A.carryout B.takeover C.lookinto D.putoff31.A.warmth B.growth C.loneliness D.darkness32.A.fast-speed B.self-driven C.hard-to-breathe D.easy-to-solve33.A.sales B.common C.new D.original34.A.announced B.published C.posted D.texted35.A.moment B.age C.deadline D.century【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.C26.B27.A28.B29.A30.D31.A32.C33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者从小受挪威极地探险故事影响，热爱户外活动，先后挑战格陵兰滑雪穿越、南极徒步等极限旅程，最终在21岁创下南极徒步纪录的经历。通过描述冒险中的艰难险阻及家人的支持，展现了作者对梦想的执着和勇于超越自我的精神，强调了坚持目标和积极挑战的人生态度。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：小时候，我就喜欢待在户外——露营、滑雪、生火——并决定成为穿越格陵兰岛最年轻的女性。A.outside在外面；B.inside在里面；C.abroad在国外；D.nearby在附近。根据下文“camping,skiing,makingfires”可知，这些都是户外活动，所以作者小时候喜欢待在外面。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，我就喜欢待在户外——露营、滑雪、生火——并决定成为穿越格陵兰岛最年轻的女性。A.sl航行；B.ski滑雪；C.swim游泳；D.surf冲浪。根据上文“GrowingupinNorway,Ialwaysheardstoriesaboutadventuresinicylands.”以及下文“acrossGreenland”可知，格陵兰岛为冰雪环境，滑雪是最合理的穿越方式。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们常常因为我个子矮小而不相信我，但经验丰富的冰雪向导拉斯・埃布森却信任我。A.respected尊敬；B.taught教；C.trusted信任；D.attached附上。根据上文“Peopleoftendidn’tbelieveme”和“but”可知，LarsEbbesen与其他人态度相反，选择信任作者。故选C。24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在前往格陵兰岛之前，我在挪威北部的一次旅行中挑战了自己，直面零下35℃的天气。A.achieved实现；B.behaved表现；C.questioned质疑；D.challenged挑战。根据下文“facing—35℃weather”可知，环境极端，在极端天气中旅行是对自己的挑战。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们被困在帐篷里三天。A.locked锁住；B.observed观察；C.trapped困住；D.lost丢失。根据上文“terriblestorms”和下文“inourtentforthreedays”可知，风暴导致无法行动，被困在帐篷中。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我并不害怕——也许是因为太年轻而不懂危险——但这段经历塑造了现在的我。A.excited兴奋的；B.afrd害怕的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.satisfied满意的。根据下文“maybetooyoungtounderstanddanger”可知，作者当时太年轻，还不懂得危险，所以并不害怕。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我并不害怕——也许是因为太年轻而不懂危险——但这段经历塑造了现在的我。A.shaped塑造；B.changed改变；C.balanced平衡；D.confirmed确认。根据下文“whoIam”可知，这件事塑造了作者。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈开玩笑说我从未像其他孩子一样经历过青春期阶段。A.childhood童年；B.teenager青少年；C.adult成年人；D.student学生。根据上文“Iwas14”可知，14岁属于青少年阶段，作者因冒险经历早慧，未像其他孩子一样经历典型的青少年时期。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸帮我安排了这次旅行；当我妈妈看到我的决心时，她同意了。A.determination决心；B.honesty诚实；C.generosity慷慨；D.patience耐心。根据上文“Onmy15thbirthday,IplannedtogotoAntarctica.”可知，作者15岁时计划去南极，所以妈妈看到作者的决心时，同意了。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们总是告诉我：“不要推迟你的目标。”A.carryout执行；B.takeover接管；C.lookinto调查；D.putoff推迟。结合全文坚持追求梦想的主题，应选推迟，即“不要推迟目标”。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我刻苦训练，为了保暖而增重，还穿上了专门为我定制的特殊装备。A.warmth温暖；B.growth成长；C.loneliness孤独；D.darkness黑暗。根据“gnedweight”和南极的寒冷环境可知，增重是为了在严寒中保持温暖。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我应对