朗文版深圳小学五年级英语语法复习大全及练习题

朗文版深圳小学五年级英语语法复习大全及练习题亲爱的同学们，转眼间五年级的英语学习已近尾声。语法作为英语学习的基石，如同搭建房屋时的钢筋骨架，至关重要。这份复习大全旨在帮助大家系统梳理本学期所学的核心语法知识，并通过针对性练习巩固提升。请大家认真对待，将每一个知识点都扎实掌握，为后续的英语学习打下坚实基础。一、语法复习要点梳理（一）动词的时态(VerbTenses)这是我们五年级英语学习的重中之重，务必清晰掌握不同时态的构成和用法。1.一般现在时(SimplePresentTense)*构成：*主语是第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，动词词尾加-s或-es(如：likes,goes,watches)。*其他人称(I,you,we,they)用动词原形。*Be动词的一般现在时：am,is,are。*常用时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday/week/month/year,never,inthemorning/afternoon/evening等。*基本用法：*表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。例如：Sheoftenreadsbooksintheevening.*表示客观事实或真理。例如：Thesunrisesintheeast.2.现在进行时(PresentContinuousTense)*构成：be动词(am,is,are)+动词的现在分词(-ing形式)。*动词变现在分词的规则：一般加-ing；以不发音的e结尾，去e加-ing；重读闭音节结尾，双写尾字母加-ing。*常用时间状语：now,look,listen,atthemoment等。*基本用法：表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作。例如：Theyareplayingfootballnow.3.一般过去时(SimplePastTense)*构成：*规则动词：在词尾加-ed。*动词变过去式的规则：一般加-ed；以e结尾加-d；以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加-ed；重读闭音节结尾，双写尾字母加-ed。*不规则动词：需要特殊记忆(如：go-went,eat-ate,see-saw,do-did,is/am-was,are-were)。*常用时间状语：yesterday,lastweek/month/year,ago,thismorning(已过去),justnow等。*基本用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：Iwenttotheparkyesterday.（二）名词(Nouns)1.名词的单复数：*规则变化：一般加-s；以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-es；以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加-es；以o结尾有生命的加-es(如：potatoes,tomatoes)，无生命的加-s(如：photos,radios)。*不规则变化：需要特殊记忆(如：child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,man-men,woman-women,mouse-mice,sheep-sheep,fish-fish)。2.名词所有格：*单数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词：在词尾加's(如：Tom'sbook,Children'sDay)。*以s结尾的复数名词：在词尾加'(如：Teachers'Day,thegirls'room)。（三）代词(Pronouns)1.人称代词：主格(I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they)和宾格(me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them)。*主格作主语，宾格作宾语（动词或介词后）。2.物主代词：形容词性物主代词(my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their)和名词性物主代词(mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs)。*形容词性物主代词后必须跟名词；名词性物主代词后不跟名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。3.指示代词：this(这个),that(那个),these(这些),those(那些)。*this/that修饰单数名词，these/those修饰复数名词。（四）Be动词(am,is,are,was,were)*一般现在时：Iam,youare,he/she/itis,we/you/theyare.*一般过去时：I/he/she/itwas,you/we/theywere.*用法：表示“是”或“在”。（五）情态动词Can/May/Must*Can：表示“能，会，可以”。否定形式can't(cannot)。*用法：Can+动词原形。例如：Icanswim.Canyouhelpme?*May：表示“可以，可能”（请求许可或推测）。否定形式maynot。*Must：表示“必须，一定”。否定形式mustn't(禁止)/needn't(不必)。*用法：Must+动词原形。例如：Youmuststudyhard.（六）介词(Prepositions)重点掌握表示时间和地点的介词：1.时间介词：*in：用于年、月、季节、泛指的上午/下午/晚上(in2023,inMarch,inspring,inthemorning)。*on：用于具体某一天或具体某一天的上午/下午/晚上(onMonday,onJune1st,onacoldmorning)。*at：用于具体时刻、固定搭配(at8o'clock,atnoon,atnight,attheweekend)。2.地点介词：*in：在……里面(inthebox)。*on：在……上面（有接触）(onthedesk)。*behind：在……后面(behindthedoor)。*infrontof：在……前面(infrontofthehouse)。*nextto/beside：在……旁边(nexttothewindow)。*between：在……（两者）之间(betweenthetwotrees)。（七）句型转换1.陈述句变否定句：*有be动词或情态动词(can,may,must)：在其后加not。*实义动词：在动词前加don't(原形)/doesn't(三单)/didn't(过去式)，动词还原。2.陈述句变一般疑问句：*有be动词或情态动词：将其提到句首，句末加问号。*实义动词：在句首加Do(原形)/Does(三单)/Did(过去式)，动词还原，句末加问号。3.特殊疑问句：疑问词(what,where,when,who,whose,how,why)+一般疑问句语序。二、练习题（一）用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Mymotheroften_______(cook)dinnerforus.2.Listen!Someone_______(sing)inthenextroom.3.Tom_______(go)toschoolbybikeyesterday.4.They_______(play)basketballnow.5.We_______(visit)ourgrandparentslastSunday.6.Sheusually_______(read)booksintheevening.7.I_______(do)myhomeworkeveryday.8.Look!Thebirds_______(fly)inthesky.（二）写出下列名词的复数形式。1.apple_______2.bus_______3.baby_______4.tomato_______5.child_______6.foot_______7.mouse_______8.man_______（三）选择合适的代词填空(I,me,my,mine,you,your,yours,he,him,his,she,her,hers,it,its,we,us,our,ours,they,them,their,theirs)。1.Thisis_______(I)book._______(It)isred.2._______(He)nameisTom._______(He)isastudent.4.Theseare_______(they)toys._______(They)arenew.5.—Isthispen_______(you)?—No,itisn't_______(I).It's_______(she).6.MybrotherandIgotoschooltogether._______(We)teacherlikes_______(we)verymuch.（四）用be动词的适当形式填空。1.I_______astudent.Myname_______Lily.2.They_______intheparkyesterday.3.Look!Theflowers_______beautiful.4.TomandI_______goodfriends.We_______inthesameclass.5._______yourfatherathomenow?6.There_______adoginthegardenlastnight.（五）用can,may,must的适当形式填空。1.You_______brushyourteetheverymorning.2._______Iuseyourruler?Sure,hereyouare.3.She_______swimfast.Sheisagoodswimmer.4.We_______notpickflowersinthepark.5.—_______youspeakChinese?—Yes,I_______.（六）选择合适的介词填空(in,on,at,under,behind,infrontof,nextto)。1.WehaveEnglishclass_______Mondaymorning.2.Mybirthdayis_______June.3.Iusuallygetup_______7o'clock.5.Thereisabigtree_______thehouse.6.Thecatishiding_______thedoor.7.Ourschoolis_______apark.（七）按要求改写句子。1.Tomplaysfootballeveryafternoon.(改为否定句)Tom______________footballeveryafternoon.2.TheyarewatchingTVnow.(改为一般疑问句)_______they_______TVnow?3.Shewentshoppingyesterday.(改为一般疑问句)_______she_______shoppingyesterday?4.Icandancewell.(改为否定句)I______________well.5.Hedoeshishomeworkintheevening.(对划线部分提问)______________he_______hishomework?(划线部分：intheevening)三、参考答案（一）用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.cooks2.issinging3.went4.areplaying5.visited6.reads7.do8.areflying（二）写出下列名词的复数