外研八下U1 被动语态 核心语法精练（学生版）

外研版八年级下册语法精练Unit1Careertalks·一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态一、定义语态是动词的一种形式，用于说明主语和谓语之间的具体关系。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态的句子中，主语是动作的执行者。被动语态的句子中，主语是动作的承受者。一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态。LotsofstudentslovethisEnglishsong.(主动语态，句子的主语Lotsofstudents是动作love的执行者)ThisEnglishsongislovedbylotsofstudents.(被动语态，句子的主语ThisEnglishsong是动作love的承受者)二、一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态的构成被动语态一般由"be动词+及物动词的过去分词"构成，其中be动词有人称、数和时态的时态被动语态的句式例句一般现在时主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词+其他.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.英语在世界范围内被广泛使用。一般将来时主语+will/begoingto+be+动词过去分词+其他.Thenewfilmwill/isgoingtobeshownnextThursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。三、被动语态的运用一般来说，在下面几种情况中会用到被动语态：(1)需要强调动作的承受者时。Thenewstudentiswelcomedbythewholeclass.新同学受到全班的欢迎。(2)不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。Electricityisusedtoworkmachines.电被用来开动机器。(3)为礼貌起见，避免提及动作的执行者时。Iamtoldnottomakeanoise.有人告诉我不要吵闹。(4)当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时。Look!Thestreetiscoveredwithsnow.看！街上都是雪。四、主动语态变被动语态的基本方法主动语态变被动语态时，将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”，主语变为介词by的宾语（可省略）。注意(1)不及物动词(短语)如happen、rise、appear、takeplace等没有被动语态。(2)动词短语如talkabout、payattentionto、takecareof等在变为被动语态时，其中的介词不可漏掉。(3)在主动语态的句子中，感官动词(see、watch、hear等)和使役动词(make、let等)后面常接省略to的动词不定式，但在变为被动语态时，不能省略to。PeopleoftenseeBettyhelptheoldladywithherhousework.→Bettyisoftenseentohelptheoldladywithherhousework.(人们)经常看到Betty帮那位老太太一、选择填空1124-25九年级上·安徽阜阳·期末）---AreyougoingtoSam'sbirthdaypartythedayaftertomorrow?---I'mnotsure.IwillgowithyouifI______.A．inviteB．willbeinvitedC．aminvitedD．invited224-25八年级下·江苏南通·月考）---TheUndergroundLine3inNantong______tocomeintoserviceinthecomingyears.---That'sgreat!Transportwillbecomemucheasierforus.A．willbeexpectedB．isexpectedC．isexpectingD．expects324-25八年级下·江西宜春·期末）---BeijingisnotthefirstcityinChinatofine(罚款)eatersonthesubway.---Yes.PeoplewhoeatonthesubwayinHongKong______withupto2,000HongKongdollars.A．punishedB．havepunishedC．werepunishedD．arepunished424-25八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）---MayIgotothecinemawithTomtomorrow,Mum?---Ofcourse,ifyourhomework______bythen.A．finishesB．wasfinishedC．isfinishedD．willbefinished524-25八年级下·上海·期中）Thenationalflag______byuseverymorning.A．raisesB．risesC．israisedD．isrisen6．（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）Nextyear,atallbuilding______nearourneighbourhood.724-25八年级下·甘肃白银·期末）The2028LosAngelesOlympicGames______onJuly14th.A．holdsB．willholdC．i824-25八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）---It'ssaidthatmorethan3millionelectriccars______inChinainSept,2025.---Wow!Whatalargenumber!A．produceB．areproducedC．willproduceD．willbeproduced924-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）Alectureontraditionalculture______inourschoolhallnextweek.A．isgivenB．willgiveC．willbegivenD．wasgiven1024-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）---Howisthecasegoingon?---I'mnotsure,butit______atthisevening'smeeting.A．willdiscussB．willbediscussedC．discussedD．isdiscussed二、正确形式填空125-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）Thewaterfall___________(shape)bythecontinuouserosionbywateroverthousandsofyears.225-26八年级上·全国·随堂练习）Allthechairsinthenewparkare___________(fix)totheground,sotheyaresafeandwon'tbemoved.324-25八年级下·黑龙江大庆·期中）Eachofus___________(influence)bygreatworkstoday.424-25八年级下·山东淄博·期中）Everystudentis___________(suppose)toplayaroleinkeepingtheschoolclean.524-25八年级下·甘肃天水·期中）InHarbin,thegroundisoften___________(cover)withsnowinwinter.623-24八年级下·全国·课后作业）Allthefoodandwater___________(send)tothedisasterareatomorrow.7．（23-24八年级下·全国·课后作业）You___________(punish)ifyoubreaktherules.823-24八年级下·全国·课后作业）Allthelights___________(turn)offintenminutes.923-24八年级下·全国·课后作业）Moreandmoretrees___________(plant)inthatareaoverthenextfewyears.1023-24八年级下·全国·课后作业）Theywill___________(fine)fornotreturningthebookontime.三、完成句子124-25八年级下·上海·期中）Workersburythewiresundertheground.(改为被动语态)Thewires______________________undertheground.2223-24八年级下·全国·课前预习）Doyouplantpinetreeseveryyear?(改为被动语态)___________pinetrees___________byyoueveryyear?323-24八年级下·全国·课前预习）Lilyoftencleansthewindows.(改为被动语态)Thewindows___________often___________byLily.4．（22-23八年级下·安徽马鞍山·期末）Mymummakesmedohouseworkeveryweekend.(改为被动语态)I_________________________________dohouseworkeveryweekend.523-24八年级下·甘肃武威·期中）DoesAdeleoftensingtheseEnglishsongs?(改为被动语态)___________theseEnglishsongsoften___________byAdele?624-25八年级下·广西钦州·期末）Volunteerswillcollectthewasteintheparkthisweekend.(改成被动语态)Thewaste_________________________________byvolunteersintheparkthisweekend.723-24八年级下·全国·课前预习）WilltheworkerssendthelettertoAmerica?(改为被动语态)___________theletter______________________toAmericabytheworkers?823-24八年级下·全国·课前预习）Theywillusethetoolstomakepapercutting.(改为被动语态)Thetools_________________________________9．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Myparentswon'tallowmetostayoutlate.(改为被动语态)1023-24八年级下·全国·单元测试）Iwillusemypocketmoneytobuyanewwatch.(改为被动语态)Mypocketmoney_________________________一、语法填空（24-25八年级下·湖南株洲·期中）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入（24-25八年级下·湖南株洲·期中）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Cindyisaskiinglover.Sheis[1]______17-year-oldteenagerfromtheUS.OnMarch3rd,shewentskiinginMaine.Whenshewas[2]______(plan)togohome,aheavysnowstormhitthearea.Cindywasn'tabletoseefar.Beforesheknewit,shehadlostherway.Thegirlwasalone.Shedidn'thavefood,wateroraphone.Shewasgettingcolderbytheminute.Cindydidn'tknowwhereshewas.She[3]______(try)herbesttocalmherselfdown.Suddenly,shethoughtofthesurvival(生存)showsshewatchedontelevision.Itwastime[4]______(use)thelessonsshelearned.Sheshouldfindfindaplacetokeep[5]______(her)warm.Thefirstthingshedidwastobuildasmallsnowcave.Thenshegotmanybranches.Sheputthemontopofthecavetostaywarm.Intheevening,Cindywas[6]______(real)hungry.Sheatesnowanddrankwaterfromariver.Shesleptinthecavewithherarmsandlegsclosetoherbody.Thenextday,Cindywentouttolookforhelp[7]______shecouldn'tfindanybody.Soshewentbacktohercave.Two[8]______(day)later,Cindywentoutagain.Shewalkedforaboutamilewhensomebodyfoundher.Finally,Cindywassaved.Cindyfelt[9]______(luck)tobeafanofManvs.Wild.Shelearnedusefullessons[10]______it,whichhelpedsaveherlife.二、选词填空（23-24八年级下·河南驻马店·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词（23-24八年级下·河南驻马店·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文内容通顺、意思完整、每空限填一词，每词限用一次。specialbeforecountryprotectmoresickthinkshouldwarmcomeDoyouliketodrinkhotwater?Comparedwithpeopleinmostother[1]______,Chinesepeopleespeciallyliketodrinkhotwater.Doyouknowwhy?Itissaidthatintheolddays,peopledrankwaterfromtheriver.Thebacteria(细菌)initcouldmakethem[2]______.Ancientpeoplearoundtheworlduseddifferentwaystokillthebacteriainthe