新沪教牛津版八年级英语下册重点语法归纳+每日一练

新沪教牛津版八年级英语下册重点语法归纳+每日一练全册语法框架总览单元单元主题核心语法点重点标记Helpingthosein动词不定式作主语/宾语/定语/状语；动名词作主语/◉非谓语1need宾语动词2Bodylanguage非谓语动词综合（不定式/动名词情态动词hadbetter/oughtto◉非谓语动词3Electricity被动语态（一般现在时/一般过去时）◉被动语态4Artsandcrafts动词-ing形式作形容词；现在分词与过去分词作定语④分词作定语5Animals动词-ing形式作主语和宾语；形式主语it◉动名词作主语6Learningbydoing情态动词hadbetter/oughtto/should④情态动词7Greatinventions过去进行时（was/weredoing）◉过去进行时8Imaginethat!原因状语从句（because/as/since）与becauseof短语◉状语从句*补充语法：形式主语it（U1/U5）；主动形式表被动含义（U3）；现在完成时与被动语态结合1.不定式作主语✅It'simportanttohelpothers.帮助他人很重要。✅Ittookmetwohourstofinishthework.我花了两个小时完成这项工2.不定式作宾语常见动词：want,hope,decide,choose,plan,promise,manage,need,agree,expect,learn,offer,✅Wewanttospendmoretimetogether.我们想要花更多时间在一起。✅Thedoctormanagedtosavethepatient.医生设法挽救了病人。3.不定式作宾语补足语常见动词：tell,ask,allow,want,advise,remind,warn,teach,encourage✅Myteachertoldmenottogiveup.老师告诉我不要放弃。✅Thesignwarnspeoplenottothrowwasteintotheriver.标志警告人们4.不定式作定语✅Hewasthefirsttocometotheroom.他是第一个来到房间的人。✅Haveyougotsomethingtodrink?你有喝的东西吗？5.不定式作状语✅Iwenttotheparktoflykiteswithmyfriends.我去公园和朋友放风筝。✅Petergetsupearlytocatchthefirstbus.彼得早起赶第一班公交车。⚠⚠省略to的情况：Whynotdo?/hadbetterdo/wouldratherdo/pleasedo/使役动词let/make/have+宾语+动词原形/感官动词see/watch/hear/notice+宾语+动词原形或d✅Readingismyfavouriteactivity.阅读是我最喜欢的活动。（作主语）✅Heenjoysplayingbasketball.他喜欢打篮球。（作宾语）✅Makingdollsispartofmyfamilytradition.制作玩偶是我家的传统。 1.Wewant(spend)moretimetogetherasafamily.2.Withoutenoughmedicine,thedoctorsstillmanaged(save)3.LiMingchooses(introduce)hishometowni4.Feelfree(ask)meanyquestions.5.Ourparentsexpectyou(study)hardandgetgoodgrades.6.Adultsoftenpromise(exercise),butfewcankeepit.7.Shehappened(meet)oneofheroldfriendstenyearslater.8.Don'tforget(bring)ittoschooltomorrow.9.It'simportant(forget)yourfearsandenjoylife.10.Myparentsdon'tallowmeschooldays.11.Myteachertoldme12.Weadviseparents(notleave)theirchildrenathomealone.13.Thesignwarnspeople(notthrow)thewasteintotheriver.14.Heaskedme(explain)thenewapp'sfunct15.Theteacherletus(decorate)theclassroomwithdigitaltools.16.Shejoinedus(play)tennislastweekend.17.Ioftenwatchmovie18.Shewenttothehospital(help)thesickpeoplethere.19.Weshouldlearntomakegooduseofdigitaltools(save)timewisely.20.(learn)moreabouttomorrow'sweather,call12121.21.Thegovernmentisdevelopingnewplans(protect)ancientbuildings.22.Weneedtofindanewway(solve)thisdifficultproblem.23.Wemustcontinueworking(keep)ourskiesblueandwaters24.句型转换：Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchtheearl简单句)25.单项选择：Ihavedecidedavolunteer. 1.(smile)isauniversalbodylanguagethatshowsfriendliness.定义：在句子中不作谓语的动词形式，包括不定式（todo）、动名词（doing）和分词（现在分词/过去分词）。1.动名词作主语✅Smilingisauniversalbodylanguage.微笑是通用的肢体语言。✅Sittingupstraightshowsconfidence.坐直表明自信。2.动名词作宾语常见动词：enjoy,finish,mind,practice,keep,suggest,consider,avoid,✅Heenjoystalkingwithothers.他喜欢和别人交谈。✅Weshouldavoidusingbadbodylanguage.我们应该避免使用不良肢体3.动词不定式作目的状语✅Shestooduptogreettheguests.她站起来迎接客人。二、情态动词hadbetter/ou情态动词含义结构例句better最好（建议）hadbetter+动词原形；否定：hadbetternot+动原You'dbettersitupstraight.你最好坐直。oughtto应该（义务/责任）oughtto+动词原形；否定：oughtnotto+动原Yououghttorespectothers.你应该尊重他人。⚠hadbetter和oughtto均为情态动词，后接动词原形。hadbetter语气较强，用于给他人提建议；oughtto语气与should相近，表示道义上的责2.Heenjoys(talk)withothersandmakingnewfriends.3.You'dbetter(notarrive)lateforthejobinterview.4.Yououghtto(respect)yourteachersandclassmates.5.Pleaseavoid(use)badbodylanguageduringthemeeting.6.(sit)upstraightshowsconfidenceandrespect.7.Shestoodup(greet)theguestsatthedoor.8.Weshouldpractice(speak)infrontofothers.9.句型转换：It'sbetterforyoutotakea10.句型转换：Youshouldlistentoyourparents.(改为oughtto)11.单项选择：You'dbettersomuchjunkfood.It'sbadforyour12.单项选择：Weoughttotheenvironment.定义：表示主语是动作的承受者。结构：be+过去分词。时态通过be动词体1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：am/is/are+过去分词✅Electricityisusedwidelyinourdailylives.电在我们的日常生活中被广泛✅Theclassroomiscleanedeveryday.教室每天被打扫。2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were+过去分词✅Thebridgewasbuiltin2020.这座桥建于2020年。✅Edison'sinventionswereadmiredbymanypeople.爱迪生的发明被许3.含情态动词的被动语态✅Electricityshouldbesaved.电应该被节约。✅TheworkmustbefinishedbeforeFriday.工作必须在周五前完成。⚠⚠主动变被动步骤：①原句宾语变主语；②谓语改为be+过去分词，时态不变；③原句主语变by+宾语（可省略）。 每日一练（扩展版）U3配套练习1.English(speak)bymanypeoplearoundtheworld.2.Thebridge(build)i3.Electricity(use)widelyinourdailylives.4.Theclassroom(clean)bystudentseveryday.5.Edison'sinventions(admire)bymanypeopleat6.Electricity(should/save)becauseitisavaluableresource.7.Thework(must/finish)beforeFriday.8.Manytrees(plant)byvolunteerslastspring.9.句型转换：PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.(改为被动语态)Englishallovertheworld.10.句型转换：Theybuilt11.句型转换：Weshouldsaveelectricity.(改为被动语态)Electricitysaved.12.单项选择：The2022WinterOlympicsinBeijing.Unit4Artsandcrafts动词-ing形式作形容词/现在分词与过去分词作定语动词-ing形式作形容词/现在分词与过去分词作定语现在分词（-ing表示主动、进行中的意义；过去分词（-ed表示被动、1.-ing形容词vs-ed形容词✅Thisisaninterestingbook.Iaminterestedinit.这是一本有趣的书。✅Thenewswassurprising.Wefeltsurprised.这个消息令人惊讶。我们2.分词作定语✅aflyingkite正在飞的风筝（主动/进行）✅abrokencup破碎的杯子（被动/完成）✅therisingsun升起的太阳✅thefallenleaves落下的叶子⚠⚠现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词发出的动作；过去分词作定语表示被修 每日一练（扩展版）U4配套练习1.Thismovieisso(interest)thatIwanttowatchi2.Iam(interest)intraditionalChinesepainting.3.Thenewswas(surprise).Everyonewas(surprise).5.Hepickedupthe6.The(rise)sunlooksverybeautiful.7.The(fall)leavescoveredtheground.9.单项选择：Theboywastakentothehospitalimmediately.10.单项选择：ThisisastorythatmA.amusedB.amusingC.amuseD.amuses11.翻译：这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。动词-ing形式作主语和宾语/形式主语it动名词作主语：动名词作主语：表示一般性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。✅Protectinganimalsisourduty.保护动物是我们的责任。✅Walkingisgoodexercise.散步是很好的锻炼。形式主语it当动名词短语作主语过长时，常用it作形式主语，将真正的主语（动名词短语）✅Itisourdutytoprotectanimals.保护动物是我们的责任。✅Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。⚠动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：动名词表示泛指/习惯；不定式表 每日一练（扩展版）U5配套练习1.(protect)a2.(walk)isgoodexerciseforboththeyoungandtheold.4.Itisimportant(save)theendangeredanimals.5.(kill)wildanimalsisagainstthelaw.7.(keep)apetcanbringjoytothewholefamily.8.句型转换：Protectinganimalsisourduty.(改为it作形式主语) isourdutyprotectanimal9.句型转换：LearningEnglishwelltakestime.(改为it作形式主语) takestimelearnEnglishwell.10.单项选择：isnecessaryforustogetenoughsleepeveryday.11.翻译：每天锻炼对我们有好处。情态动词hadbetter/oughtto/should情态动词hadbetter/oughtto/shouldshould：表示建议、劝告（语气适中），否定式：shouldnot/shouldn't），oughtto：表示道义上的责任或义务（语气较强），否定式：oughtnot情态动词含义否定形式例句should应该shouldnot/shouldn'tYoushouldpracticemore.你应该多练习。hadbetter最好hadbetternotYou'dbetternotgiveup.你最好不要放弃。oughtto应当oughtnottoYououghttohelpothers.你应当帮助他人。 1.You(should/shouldn't2.You'dbetter(notgive)upwhenyoufacedifficulties.3.Yououghtto(hel4.Students(should/shouldn't)listentotheteachercarefullyinclass.5.You(oughtto/hadbetter)notwasteyourtime.6.We(should/oughtto)protecttheenvironmentforfuturegenerations.8.句型转换：It'sbetterforyoutotakeabreak.(改为hadbetter)9.句型转换：Youshouldrespectyourteachers.(改为oughtto)Yourespectyourteachers.10.单项选择：YoutofinishyourhomeworkbeforewatchingTV.11.翻译：你应该每天锻炼身体。Unit7Greatinventions结构：was/were+现在分词用法：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。时间标志词时间标志词atthistimeyesterday,at8:00lastnight,atthattime,when/while引导的时间状语从句when与while的区别✅IwaswatchingTVwhenyoucalledme.你打电话时我正在看电视。✅Whilemymotherwascooking,myfathercamehome.我妈妈正在做⚠when后可接短暂性动词或延续性动词；while后接延续性动词，强调主 1.I(watch)TVwhenyoucalledme.2.Whileshe(read)abook,thephonerang.3.They(play)footballatthistimeyesterday.4.Whatyou(do)whentherainstormcame?6.WhenIcamein,they(have)dinner.8.句型转换：HewassleepingwhenIarrived.(改为一般疑问句) hewhenyouarrived?9.句型转换：Theywereplayingfootballat3:00yesterday.(对画线部分提Whattheyat3:00yesterday?10.单项选择：Idinnerwhenthedoorbellrang.11.翻译：昨天这个时候我正在做作业。because/as/since：引导原因状语从句（连接词+完整句子）becauseof：介词短语，后接名词/代词/动名词短语用法对比连接词/短语词性用法例句because连词从句，语气最强，回答whyIwaslatebecauseImissedthebus.as/since连词从句，语气较弱，常置于句首Sinceit'sraining,westayathome.becauseof介词短语后接名词/代词/动名词Hewaslatebecauseoftheheavyrain.✅Thelakewasdangerous,sotheyavoidedit.✅Becauseofalotofsmoke,itwasdifficulttoseeanything.⚠because与so不能连用；becauseof后不能接完整句子。 每日一练（扩展版）U8配套练习1.Hewaslatehemissedthebus.(because/becauseof)2.itwasraining,westayedathome.(Because/Becauseof)3.Hewaslatetheheavyrain.(because/becauseof)4.everyoneishere,let'sstartthemeeting.(Since/Becauseof)5.Thelakewasdangerous,theyavoidedit.(because/so)6.Shewashappyshepassedtheexam.7.Thematchwascanceledthebadweather.8.youarefreetoday,youcanhelpmewiththework.9.句型转换：Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.(改为becauseof)10.句型转换：Becauseoftheheavyrain,wehabecause) 11.单项选择：11.单项选择：youarethefirsttoarrive,youcanchoosethebest12.翻译：由于交通堵塞，他迟到了。會期末综合提升练习（100分）1.It'simportant3.English(speak)bymanypeoplearoundtheworld.5.(protect)animals6.I(watch)TVwhenyoucalledme.7.Hewaslatetheheavyrain.(because/becauseof)1.Hewenttothelibraryyesterday.(改为否定句)2.PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.(改为被动语态)3.Protectinganimalsisourduty.(改为it作形式主语)4.HewaswatchingTVwhenIarrived.(改为一般疑问句)5.Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.(改为becauseof) 4.昨天这个时候我正在做作业。2.You'dbettersomuchjunkfood.A.interesting;interestingB.interested;interestedC.interesting;5.isourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.1.Iwantspendmoretimewithmyfamily.3.Theclassroomiscleanedbystudentsyesterday.4.Thisisaexc