2026年高考英语临考冲刺卷01（广东专用）（考试版及全解全析）

2/22026年高考英语临考冲刺卷01（广东专用）高三英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou’reconcernedaboutthecostofgasandtheenvironmentalimpactofgas-poweredcars,anddon’twanttoworryaboutthechargingchallengesassociatedwiththepureelectricvehicle(EV),it’stimetotakeacloserlookatahybrid(混合的)electricvehicle(HEV).Whilesalespeoplemightsimplyadviseyouto“plugindailyandusegasforlongertrips,”understandingtheunderlyingmechanicsiskeytodeterminingifanHEVtrulyfitsyourneeds.Essentially,anHEVoffersyouthebestofgascarsandEVs.AnHEVhastwosourcesofpower:aninternalcombustion(燃烧)engine(ICE)andatleastoneelectricmotor.TherearetwomaintypesofHEV:parallel(并联式)hybridandserieshybrid.Theparallelhybrid(PHEV)aimstokeepthecoredesignsoftheconventionalgas-poweredvehicleswhileloweringtheoperationcostsandimprovingtheenvironmentalperformance.Reducedtoitsbasics,itssystemusesICEandelectricmotorstopowerthewheels—eithertogetherorindependently.Thisstructureperformsreliablyonlong-distancejourneysandcomplexroadconditions,wherethecombustionengineoperatesefficiently.Inthecaseofserieshybrid(SHEV),thevehiclerunsonlyonelectricity,whichisfromthebattery.Whenthebatteryisexhausted,theICEswitcheson—nottodrivethewheelsdirectly,buttopowerthegeneratorandchargethebattery.Thissetupofferssmootherandquieterdrivingoperationwhichissimilartopureelectricvehicles.It’sgenerallymoreeco-friendly,andfurtherreducesthecostofuse.Intoday’smarket,conventionalgascarsaregoingsignificantlycheaper,whilestylishpureelectricvehicleshavebecomesymbolsofmodernstatus.TheHEV,strikingapracticalbalancebetweenthesetwoextremes,certainlydeservesacloserlook.PropertiesParallelHybridSeriesHybridUrbanEfficiencyLowerHigherHighwayEfficiencyHigherLowerFuelConsumptionHigherLowerPowerPerformanceHigherLowerSalesPriceLowerHigher21.WhatisanadvantageofHEVscomparedwithothertypesofvehicles?A.They’resimplerindesign. B.They’recheapertopurchase.C.They’remoreeco-friendly. D.They’remorepracticaltouse.22.WhatdoestheICEinaserieshybridcardirectlyworkon?A.Replacingthegenerator. B.Drivingthewheels.C.Startingtheelectricmotor. D.Chargingthebattery.23.InwhichaspectarePHEVsgenerallybetterthanSHEVs?A.Mountainroaddriving. B.In-citytransportation.C.Wastegasesproduction. D.Vehiclerunningcosts.B(原创)Eachmorning,thegentletapofchiselsechoesthroughasmallworkshopinJingdezhen,China’s“Porcelain(瓷器)Capital”.At72,MasterChenGuoshengsitsbeforeaspinningwheel,hishandssteadyasheshapesalumpofkaolinintoadelicateporcelainvase.Themotionlookseasy,butitisthefruitofover60yearsofunwaveringpractice.Chenisanational-levelinheritorofJingdezhenhandmadeporcelaincrafting,acraftlistedasUNESCOIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2009.Formorethan1,700years,Jingdezhenhasrefinedtheartofporcelainmaking,turningrawclayintoexquisiteworksofart.Thiscraftreliesonfourcoreelements:purelocalkaolin,hand-carvedwoodenmolds,wood-firedkilnswithprecisetemperaturecontrol,andage-oldtechniquespasseddownthroughmaster-apprenticetraditions.Bornintoaporcelain-makingfamily,Chenstartedasanapprenticeattheageof12,learningfromhisgrandfather,arenownedmasterofporcelaincarving.Hespentdecadesmasteringeverystage—frompressingandmixingclayandthrowingpotstoglazingandfiring.ForChen,thesoulofthecraftliesintwothings:precisioninshapingandpatienceinfiring.“Everystepmustbeexact,butthehand-throwingiswhattrulydefinesthework—eachcurveperfectlybalanced,eachpieceunique,”Chensays.“Porcelainmakingisnotjustcraft;itdemandsrespectfortheclay’snaturalpropertiesandfirmadherencetotraditionalmethodstobringoutitsbeauty.”Evenwithmodernceramicmachines,Cheninsistsmanyvitalstepscannotbereplaced.“Machinescanshapeclayquickly,buttheycannotfeeltheclay’stextureoradjustfortinychangesinmoisture,”heexplains.“Someskillslooksimpleonthesurface,buttheytakealifetimeofrepetitiontoperfect.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutJingdezhenporcelaincrafting?A.Itreliesentirelyonmodernmachines.B.Itrequiresprecisionandlong-termpractice.C.Ithaslostitstraditionaltechniques.D.Itisnolongerrecognizedasheritage.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adherence”(Para.4)mostprobablymean?A.Strictfollowing. B.Creativechange.C.Casualattitude. D.Completeabandonment.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMasterChen?A.Creativeandoutgoing. B.Energeticandtalkative.C.Devotedandhighlyskilled. D.Traditionalbutconservative.27.Whatmessagedoesthestorymainlyconvey?A.Traditionoutweighsmodernity. B.Personaleffortleadstosuccess.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Craftsmanshiprequireslifelongdedication.C(新情境)Accordingtoarecentdiscovery,afemalemosquito’sblood-suckingfeedingtube(口器)makesforagreathigh-resolution3Dprinterspraytip.AteamofresearchersatMcGillUniversityinMontréalwaslookingforideastocreateatiny,low-cost,andsustainable3Dprintingtip,andthismosquitobodypartseemstobealmostperfectforthejob.TechXplorereportsthatthesetipscanbeusedfor3Dprintingextremelyfineobjects,withsmoothsurfaces,idealforairandspaceindustries,dentistry,andbiomedicalresearch.Suchhigh-precision3Dprintingtipsusuallycomeatahighcost.Thesourcesuggeststheyaretypicallypricedataround$80pertip.Moreover,currentcommercialtipsthatmeetthisstandardaremadeofeithernon-biodegradableplasticormetal.We’veseenplentyofinterestingbio-inspiredtechnologiesaheadofthisnewmethodfromMcGill.Butthisnewprintingmethodisnotsimplybio-inspiredbutreusesnaturalbodyparts.Theresearchersstudiedotherbiologicaldonorsbeforesettlingonthemosquito.Stingersfrombees,sharpteethfromsnakes,water-carryingtubesinplants,andeventinyneedlesfrominsectslikesnailswerealternativehigh-resolution3Dprintingoptions,butthefemalemosquito’sfeedingtubewontheday.Thefemalemosquito’stubehasmanyqualitiesthatmakeitwell-suitedfor3Dprinting.Accordingtotheresearchers,itsinnerwidthisjust20micrometers.Thisis100%finerthanthebesthuman-madetips.Thesebiodegradabletipsarealsoremarkablystraight,andstable.However,printingtipsareimprovedbyusing3D-printedsupportingstructurestohelpfixtheproblemoflowmechanicalstrength.TheMcGillscientistssaidtheirworkpavesthewayforfreshadvancesinmanufacturingandmicro-engineeringsupportedby3Dprinting.Theyhaven’tsettledyet,though,andwillcontinuetolookintoothernaturaloptionsforstrongerandfiner3Dprintingtips.28.Whydidtheresearchersexploremosquitobodyparts?A.Totestinsects’biologicalfunctions. B.Toreducetheuseofmetalmaterials.C.Todesignamoreaffordable3Dprinter. D.Todevelopa3Dprinterthatworksfast.29.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningotheranimalsinparagraph3?A.Todemonstratethebiodiversityinnature.B.Toexplainhowinsectsareusedinengineering.C.Tocomparethefeedinghabitsofdifferentanimals.D.Tohighlighttheprocessofselectingthefinalsolution.30.Whatfeaturemakesthemosquito’stubesuitablefor3Dprinting?A.Itsabilitytochangeshapefreely. B.Itsparticularlynarrowinnerwidth.C.Itsresistancetoseveretemperatures. D.Itsnaturallyhighmechanicalstrength.31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphabouttheresearch?A.Ithasalreadyreacheditsfinalstage. B.Itnolongerreliesonbiologicalmaterials.C.Itwillsoonreplacecommercialprintingtips. D.Itcouldopendoorstonewfine-scalemanufacturing.D(热点话题)TheCenterforDigitalThriving(繁荣),anewresearchandinnovationcenter,wasopenedatHarvardGraduateSchoolofEducation.Itsworkseekstochangeunderstandingofhowyoungpeopleandeveryoneelsecanthriveinatechnology-filledworld.TheCenterwasfoundedbyresearchersCarrieJamesandEmilyWeinstein,whohaveworkedformorethanadecadetoexploretheemerging(新兴的)digitallandscapethatyoungpeoplearefacingtodayandtoanswerquestionsaboutwhatit’slikeforteenstogrowupwithsocialmedia.“Wecan’tgetaroundthesimpletruththattechnologygreatlyshapesteens’experiencestoday,”saysEmily.“Technologyishugelyimportanttostudents’lives,learning,relationshipsanddevelopment.Itmattersfortheirwell-being(幸福)andsenseofself.”EmilyandCarrieexploredtheseissuesmostrecentlyintheirbookBehindTheirScreens,whichdocumentsjusthowmuchadultshavebeenmissingintheirunderstandingofhowteensinteractwiththescreensthatsurroundthem.“Themainfeatureofourresearchhasbeenslowingdownandreallylisteningtoteensastheytalkaboutgrowingupwithtoday’stechnologies,”saysCarrie.“Puttingteens’voicesandstoriesatthecenterhasbeentransformative.”Thebookshowsadultsareworriedaboutteensandtheirscreentime,notingthatparentsneedtogetridofthe“us-versus-them”mindset.Instead,learninghowtotakean“us-and-them”approachhelpsbuildconnectionandhealthytechhabits.Emilyadvisesagainststrictrulesaboutsocialmediauseorblamingthecurrentadolescentmentalhealthproblemsentirelyonsocialmediaordevices.Families,sheexplains,wouldbebetteroffifparentsdiscussedtheirchild’ssocialmediauseinmorepositiveways.Bemoreofacoach,shesays,andlessofajudge.Intheirpreviousresearch,EmilyandCarriefoundthattextmessagesthatweremarked“read”withoutrepliesfromthereceiverwereacommonanxietysourceforteens.Youngpeopletodayneedbetteraccesstotheresourcesthatcanhelpthemnavigatetheupsanddownsofadolescenceinthedigitalage.TheCenterisnotonlyprovidingthoseresourcesbutputtingthemwhereyoungpeopleare,creatingopportunitiesforallyoungpeopletothriveastechnologycontinuestodevelop.32.Whatmessagedoesparagraph2convey?A.Technologyhelpsimprovestudents’learning.B.Technologyaffectsteens’growthtoagreatdegree.C.Teensshouldbalancetheironlineandofflinetime.D.Adultsshouldpaymoreattentiontoteens’happiness.33.WhatisspecialaboutEmilyandCarrie’sresearch?A.Itfocusesontheyoungergeneration’sthoughts.B.Itobservesthedevelopmentofanumberofteens.C.Itshowstechnology’simpactonteens’mentalhealth.D.Itstressesadults’roleinteens’technologyexperiences.34.WhatdoesEmilysuggestadultsdo?A.Setatighttimelimitonteens’phoneuse.B.Exerciseparentalauthorityallthetime.C.Guideteens’onlineactivitiespositively.D.Encourageteenstostayawayfromtheirsmartphones.35.Whydoestheauthormentiontheissueinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowmentalproblemsduringadolescence.B.Toencourageresearcherstostudyteens’mentalhealth.C.Topresentthenecessitytoprovidehelpforteens.D.ToprovetheresourcessharedbytheCenterarehelpful.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inrecentyears,deliberatepracticehasgainedincreasingattentioninthefieldofsecondlanguageacquisition.Unliketraditionalapproachesthatrelyheavilyonrepetitionorpassiveexposure,deliberatepracticeemphasizesfocused,goal-drivenactivitiesdesignedtoimprovespecificaspectsoflanguageperformance.Itaimstopushlearnersslightlybeyondtheircurrentabilitiesratherthankeepingthemwithinfamiliarroutines.___36___Atthecoreofdeliberatepracticeisacarefullystructuredlearningcycle.Learnersworktowardclearlydefinedgoals,engageintaskstailoredtothosegoals,andreceivetimelyfeedbackthatinformssubsequentattempts.___37___Thisprocesshelpslearnersidentifyweaknessesandenhanceperformancethroughrepeated,purposefuleffortratherthanrandompractice.Teachersplayacrucialroleinthisprocess.Theymustassesslearners'currentabilitiesanddesigntasksthatfallwithinthelearner'sZoneofProximalDevelopment(最近发展区).___38___Furthermore,deliberatepracticechallengesacommonassumptionaboutlearning.Manylearnersbelievethatspendingmoretimeonfamiliarmaterialguaranteesprogress.___39___Researchsuggestsinsteadthatbestlearningoccurswhenpracticeinvolvesmanageabledifficultyandsustainedmentaleffort,evenifprogressfeelssloweratfirst.___40___Withappropriateinitialsupport,learnerscanapplythesameprinciplestoindependentstudyusingdigitaltools,authenticmaterials,orlanguage-learningapplications.Itseffectivenessultimatelydependsonbothteachersandlearners.Byprioritizingintentionandstructureoverenormoustimeinvestment,deliberatepracticeoffersamoreefficientpathwaytolanguagedevelopment,particularlyinnon-immersion(非沉浸式)contexts.A.Thisbelief,however,isnotsupportedbyevidence.B.Yetthisstructuredoesnotguaranteesuccessonitsown.C.Itisacycleoffocusedeffort,feedback,andtargetedrepetition.D.Importantly,deliberatepracticeisnotrestrictedtoclassroominstruction.E.Manylearnerslacktherequiredskillsforeffectiveindependentlearning.F.Theymustalsoknowwhentograduallyreducesupportaslearnersimprove.G.Asaresult,qualityofpracticebecomesmoreimportantthanquantityoftime.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Likemostteenagersgrowingupinthedigitalage,Ireliedonmyphoneforphotos—quicksnaps(快照)thatwere____41____butrarelyrevisited.MyprofileonInstagramwasapolishedcollectionofsuchphotosintendedto____42____mypeers.Thetransitionfromsharingimagesto____43____memoriesformyselfwasn’timmediate.Itbeganwithasimple____44____:flipping(翻)throughfamilyphotoalbums.Iwasattractedbytheimagesfrommyfamily’s____45____.Theyweren’tpolished,buttheyheldstoriesthatwordsoftencouldn’t____46____—ofbirthdays,ceremoniesandfamilyportraits.Inthosephotographs,Isaw____47____.Irealizedthateveryimagewasapieceofsomething____48____:ahistorythathadbeenpasseddown.Itwasthis____49____thatledmetopickupmyfilmcamera.Withjust36exposuresperroll,eachphotorequired____50____,aslowingdowntoseetheworldaroundme.Inowtakephotosofthethingsthatmattermost:friends’weddings,holidaysandsmallmomentsofjoy.Ifapicturedidn’tturnoutasIhadhoped,itdidn’tmatter.The____51____becamepartofthestory.Theyweren’tmeantfor____52____orcomments—theyweremeantforme,forfamilyandfriends.There’sasenseof____53____whenIfinallyopenanenvelopeofdevelopedprints.I’m____54____backtothosemoments.Andinthatsense,my____55____tofilmphotographyfeelslikeadesiretoregainthepermanenceandclosenessthatcomeswithholdingamemoryinyourhands.41.A.copied B.printed C.shared D.downloaded42.A.change B.impress C.support D.instruct43.A.capturing B.recalling C.organizing D.sharpening44.A.fact B.act C.task D.rule45.A.duty B.business C.past D.goal46.A.prove B.convey C.mask D.continue47.A.hope B.trust C.ambition D.connection48.A.larger B.stranger C.simpler D.fresher49.A.appreciation B.observation C.realization D.prediction50.A.improvement B.intention C.background D.teamwork51.A.colors B.inconveniences C.patterns D.imperfections52.A.likes B.jokes C.deals D.games53.A.safety B.emptiness C.relief D.rediscovery54.A.transported B.forced C.withdrawn D.kicked55.A.claim B.response C.shift D.shortcut第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InitiallybuiltduringtheSuiDynasty,theXi’anCityWallnowcirclesthehistoriccity.Yetitslonglifehasnotescapeddamage.Bytheearly1980s,beforeXi’anundertooka____56____(sweep)restorationcampaign,muchofthestructure____57____(fall)intoastateofdisrepair.Today,datahasbecomethewall’snewestguardian.High-precision3Dmodelinghasmappeditsentirestructure,creating____58____completedigitalfoundation.Plus,over3,000monitoringpointsand1,300smartdevicestrackminorsignsofstructuraldamage____59____(cause)byanythingfromsettlementtodisplacement,andfeeddataintoacenter____60____AIanalyzesandanticipatespotentialrisks.ThesefindingshavenotjustinformedtargetedrepairsthatpreservetheCityWall____61____addressedhiddenweaknessesaswell.Whiletechnologyplaysakeyroleinits____62____(preserve),thewallhaslongbeenpartofcitizens’dailylifeinXi’an.Visitorsbikealongits12-meter-widetop,watchculturalperformances,ortakephotoswhiledressed____63____traditionalHanfuagainstthebackdropofitsancientgates.Aroundthe-wall,somecafesandguesthousesoffer“wall-view”rooms.Thecontrast—themodernontheold—connectslocalstothe____64____(dynasty)thatonceruledfromhere.Watchingthecityevolvethroughcenturies,thewallismorethanbricksandearth.Here,traditionmeetstechnology,andthepast_____65_____(breathe)throughmodernlife—brickbybrick,byte(字节)bybyte.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假设你经常浏览的某个英语论坛正在进行一场主题为“Whatkindoffamilytraditiondoweneedmost?”的讨论。请你用英语写一篇短文参与讨论。主要内容如下:1.家风的重要性。2.选择你认为最重要的一条家风并说明理由(至少两个)。3.总结你的观点。注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onesunnyday,Alex,ayoungboy,waswalkinghomefromschoolwhenhenoticedsomethingunusual.Asmall,scruffy(邋遢的)dogwassittingalonebythesideoftheroad,itseyesfulloffearandconfusion.Thepoordoglookedlostandhungry.Alexfeltasenseofempathy(同情)inhisheartashewalkedtowardsthedogslowly,offeringitapieceofhissandwich.Themomentthedogcautiouslytookthefoodfromhishand,Alex'sheartmelted.Hecouldseethatthedogwasaloneandscared,andheknewhecouldn'tjustleaveitthere.Withoutasecondthought,Alexdecidedtotakethedoghome.Hecarefullyhidthedoginthegarage,hopinghisfatherwouldn'tfindout. Fordays,Alexspentallhissparetimeinthegarage,playingwiththedog.HenamedthedogMax,andtheyquicklybecameclosefriends.Theirbondgrewstrongerdaybydayastheysharedcountlessadventurestogether.MaxbroughtsomuchjoyintoAlex'slife. Oneday,Alex'sfatherdiscoveredtheirsecret.HewassurprisedandtoldtheboytoputMaxbackonthestreet,thinkingitwasforthebest.Withaheavyheart,Alexdidashewastold.HeleftMaxatthepark,hopingthatsomeoneelsewouldfindhimandgivehimalovinghome.Butashewalkedaway,hisheartachedwithsadness,tearswellingupinhiseyes. Alexwasheartbroken.HemissedMaxterriblyandfoundithardtofocusonanythingelse.Hisgradesstartedtoslip(下滑),andhebecamequietandsilent.Hisusualcheerfulnesshaddisappeared,replacedbydeepsadnessthatseemedtoswallowhimwhole.Seeingthis,hisfatherrealizedhowmuchMaxmeanttoAlex.注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。ThefatherdecidedtobringMaxback.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheboytookfullresponsibilityforMax._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2026年高考英语临考冲刺卷01（广东专用）高三英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou’reconcernedaboutthecostofgasandtheenvironmentalimpactofgas-poweredcars,anddon’twanttoworryaboutthechargingchallengesassociatedwiththepureelectricvehicle(EV),it’stimetotakeacloserlookatahybrid(混合的)electricvehicle(HEV).Whilesalespeoplemightsimplyadviseyouto“plugindailyandusegasforlongertrips,”understandingtheunderlyingmechanicsiskeytodeterminingifanHEVtrulyfitsyourneeds.Essentially,anHEVoffersyouthebestofgascarsandEVs.AnHEVhastwosourcesofpower:aninternalcombustion(燃烧)engine(ICE)andatleastoneelectricmotor.TherearetwomaintypesofHEV:parallel(并联式)hybridandserieshybrid.Theparallelhybrid(PHEV)aimstokeepthecoredesignsoftheconventionalgas-poweredvehicleswhileloweringtheoperationcostsandimprovingtheenvironmentalperformance.Reducedtoitsbasics,itssystemusesICEandelectricmotorstopowerthewheels—eithertogetherorindependently.Thisstructureperformsreliablyonlong-distancejourneysandcomplexroadconditions,wherethecombustionengineoperatesefficiently.Inthecaseofserieshybrid(SHEV),thevehiclerunsonlyonelectricity,whichisfromthebattery.Whenthebatteryisexhausted,theICEswitcheson—nottodrivethewheelsdirectly,buttopowerthegeneratorandchargethebattery.Thissetupofferssmootherandquieterdrivingoperationwhichissimilartopureelectricvehicles.It’sgenerallymoreeco-friendly,andfurtherreducesthecostofuse.Intoday’smarket,conventionalgascarsaregoingsignificantlycheaper,whilestylishpureelectricvehicleshavebecomesymbolsofmodernstatus.TheHEV,strikingapracticalbalancebetweenthesetwoextremes,certainlydeservesacloserlook.PropertiesParallelHybridSeriesHybridUrbanEfficiencyLowerHigherHighwayEfficiencyHigherLowerFuelConsumptionHigherLowerPowerPerformanceHigherLowerSalesPriceLowerHigher21.WhatisanadvantageofHEVscomparedwithothertypesofvehicles?A.They’resimplerindesign. B.They’recheapertopurchase.C.They’remoreeco-friendly. D.They’remorepracticaltouse.22.WhatdoestheICEinaserieshybridcardirectlyworkon?A.Replacingthegenerator. B.Drivingthewheels.C.Startingtheelectricmotor. D.Chargingthebattery.23.InwhichaspectarePHEVsgenerallybetterthanSHEVs?A.Mountainroaddriving. B.In-citytransportation.C.Wastegasesproduction. D.Vehiclerunningcosts.【答案】21.D22.D23.A话题：混合动力汽车（HEV）的工作原理、类型及实用优势文章大意：本文介绍了混合动力汽车结合燃油车与纯电动车的优点，阐述了并联式和串联式两种系统的工作原理与特点，指出其在两类车型间实现了实用平衡。【解析】21.细节理解题。根据第一段“Whilesalespeoplemightsimplyadviseyouto“plugindailyandusegasforlongertrips,”understandingtheunderlyingmechanicsiskeytodeterminingifanHEVtrulyfitsyourneeds.Essentially,anHEVoffersyouthebestofgascarsandEVs.(虽然销售人员可能只是建议你“每天插电，长途旅行使用汽油”，但了解其基本原理是确定混合动力汽车是否真正符合你需求的关键。从本质上讲，混合动力汽车为你提供了汽油车和电动汽车的最佳性能)”和最后一段“TheHEV,strikingapracticalbalancebetweenthesetwoextremes,certainlydeservesacloserlook.(HEV在这两个极端之间达到了实用的平衡，当然值得更仔细地审视)”可知，文章强调HEV结合了燃油车和电动车的优点，达到了实用性的平衡。因此，与其他类型车辆相比，HEV的优势在于更实用。故选D项。22.细节理解题。根据第四段“Whenthebatteryisexhausted,theICEswitcheson—nottodrivethewheelsdirectly,buttopowerthegeneratorandchargethebattery.(当电池耗尽时，内燃机启动——不是直接驱动车轮，而是为发电机提供动力并为电池充电)”可知，串联混合动力汽车中的内燃机直接为电池充电。故选D项。23.推理判断题。根据第三段“Theparallelhybrid(PHEV)aimstokeepthecoredesignsoftheconventionalgas-poweredvehicleswhileloweringtheoperationcostsandimprovingtheenvironmentalperformance.Reducedtoitsbasics,itssystemusesICEandelectricmotorstopowerthewheels—eithertogetherorindependently.Thisstructureperformsreliablyonlong-distancejourneysandcomplexroadconditions,wherethecombustionengineoperatesefficiently.(并联混合动力(PHEV)旨在保持传统汽油动力汽车的核心设计，同时降低运营成本，提高环保性能。从根本上说，它的系统使用内燃机和电动机为车轮提供动力——可以一起使用，也可以独立使用。这种结构在长途旅行和复杂路况下表现可靠，内燃机在这种情况下运行效率很高)”和表格中关于ParallelHybrid(PHEV插电式混合动力汽车)和Serieshybrid(SHEV串联式混合动力)的对比可知，PHEV更适合长途和复杂路况驾驶。而“Mountainroaddriving(山路驾驶)”属于典型的复杂路况，需要更高的动力性能和可靠的长途适应性，因此PHEV在这方面比SHEV更好。故选A项。B(原创)Eachmorning,thegentletapofchiselsechoesthroughasmallworkshopinJingdezhen,China’s“Porcelain(瓷器)Capital”.At72,MasterChenGuoshengsitsbeforeaspinningwheel,hishandssteadyasheshapesalumpofkaolinintoadelicateporcelainvase.Themotionlookseasy,butitisthefruitofover60yearsofunwaveringpractice.Chenisanational-levelinheritorofJingdezhenhandmadeporcelaincrafting,acraftlistedasUNESCOIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2009.Formorethan1,700years,Jingdezhenhasrefinedtheartofporcelainmaking,turningrawclayintoexquisiteworksofart.Thiscraftreliesonfourcoreelements:purelocalkaolin,hand-carvedwoodenmolds,wood-firedkilnswithprecisetemperaturecontrol,andage-oldtechniquespasseddownthroughmaster-apprentice