2026年高考英语终极冲刺：猜押热点专题05“生态环保・可持续发展・全球治理与青年责任”主题专练（原卷版及全解全析）

2/6猜押热点专题05“生态环保・可持续发展・全球治理与青年责任”主题专练（原卷版）一、政策溯源：国家战略与育人导向的顶层设计1、双碳目标与生态文明建设引领“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念深入人心，碳达峰、碳中和（2030/2060）已上升为国家长期战略。《关于加快建立健全绿色低碳循环发展经济体系的指导意见》强调“推动生态文明建设，促进人与自然和谐共生”。2025—2026年教育部持续将环保意识、绿色生活、全球视野、青年担当纳入育人核心指标。高考英语以语篇为载体，传递绿色发展、生态保护、人类命运共同体理念，引导青少年树立环保自觉与全球责任，服务国家生态文明与外交战略。2、新课标“人与自然”主题强化（2025版）《普通高中英语课程标准》将“人与自然”列为三大主题语境之首，明确子主题包括：生态保护、环境污染与治理、气候变化、可持续发展、野生动植物保护、绿色生活、全球环境治理。强调“用英语讲好中国生态故事”，突出立德树人、国际视野、青年行动，为2026年命题划定核心方向。3、“绿色+教育+国际”融合命题导向近年高考英语命题全面落地生态环保主题：气候变化：全球变暖、极端天气、减排行动、国际合作；生态保护：生物多样性、湿地保护、退耕还林、长江/黄河生态治理；绿色生活：低碳出行、垃圾分类、节约资源、绿色消费；全球治理：国际公约、跨国合作、中国方案、青年责任；可持续发展：循环经济、清洁能源、绿色技术、人与自然和谐。二、2026年命题迭代趋势1、主题高度化从“简单环保行为”升级为气候变化应对、生物多样性、生态系统修复、全球气候治理、人类命运共同体等高阶议题，体现国际视野与家国担当。2、素材本土化+国际化双轨本土化：中国生态治理成就（塞罕坝、大熊猫保护、长江十年禁渔、荒漠化治理、新能源发展）；国际化：全球环境问题、国际峰会（COP）、跨国环保项目、青年全球行动。3、题型全场景覆盖阅读：环保科普、生态纪实、气候政策评论、中国生态外宣、国际组织报告；读后续写：环保志愿行动、拯救动植物、低碳创新实践、人与自然和解；应用文：环保倡议书、低碳活动通知、国际青年环保论坛邀请、志愿者招募、英文演讲稿。三、核心素养与能力考查语言能力掌握生态环保主题词汇、长难句分析、观点论证、国际议题表达。文化意识树立生态文明观，认同中国绿色发展成就，理解人类命运共同体。思维品质考查批判性思维（利弊分析）、辩证思维（发展与保护）、创新思维（绿色方案）。学习能力引导践行绿色生活，关注全球议题，提升跨文化沟通与公共表达能力。四、时代需求与考生适配气候变化、塑料污染、生物多样性丧失、资源短缺成为全球挑战。高考回应现实，引导青年从我做起、全球担当、知行合一，实现“以考育人、以考促行”。五、新课标命题“三贴近”原则贴近时代生活：垃圾分类、低碳出行、光盘行动、节约水电；贴近时代主题：双碳目标、生态文明、绿色发展、全球治理；贴近核心素养：人与自然和谐、环保意识、国际视野、青年责任。命题稳定性：生态环保连续多年必考，2026年进一步强化气候治理+中国方案+青年行动，稳中求新。六、总结：猜押热点底层逻辑2026英语高考将“生态环保・可持续发展・全球治理与青年责任”定为核心热点，是国家战略、新课标、国际大势、现实需求共同驱动的结果。覆盖气候变化、生物多样性、绿色生活、全球合作、青年行动，全面考查语言、思维、文化、价值，高度契合高考命题方向。七、2026高考英语核心话题词汇（按主题分类）1.生态保护与环境问题Ecology&Environmentecologicalcivilization生态文明ecosystem生态系统biodiversity生物多样性wildlife野生动植物endangeredspecies濒危物种wetland湿地deforestation森林砍伐desertification荒漠化pollution污染airpollution空气污染waterpollution水污染plasticpollution塑料污染garbageclassification垃圾分类sewagetreatment污水处理environmentalprotection环境保护2.气候变化与双碳目标Climate&CarbonGoalsclimatechange气候变化globalwarming全球变暖carbonemission碳排放carbonpeak碳达峰carbonneutrality碳中和low-carbon低碳的greenhousegas温室气体extremeweather极端天气energyconservation节能emissionsreduction减排3.可持续发展与绿色生活SustainableDevelopment&GreenLifesustainabledevelopment可持续发展circulareconomy循环经济renewableenergy可再生能源cleanenergy清洁能源solarenergy太阳能windenergy风能greentechnology绿色技术greenconsumption绿色消费low-carbonlifestyle低碳生活方式resourceconservation资源节约reduce,reuse,recycle减量化、再利用、再循环eco-friendly环保的；对生态友好的4.全球治理与国际合作GlobalGovernance&Cooperationglobalgovernance全球治理internationalcooperation国际合作humancommunitywithasharedfuture人类命运共同体environmentalagreement环境公约globalissue全球问题jointeffort共同努力responsibility责任sustainabledevelopmentgoals(SDGs)可持续发展目标5.青年责任与行动YouthResponsibility&Actionyouthresponsibility青年责任voluntaryactivity志愿活动takeaction采取行动raiseawareness提高意识advocate倡导participate参与contributeto为……做贡献fulfillone’sduty履行责任6.写作高级形容词eco-friendly环保的sustainable可持续的low-carbon低碳的recyclable可回收的renewable可再生的green绿色的harmonious和谐的vital至关重要的urgent紧迫的joint共同的global全球的responsible有责任的2/6Passage1环保类·绿色低碳生活与全球气候治理出处：NationalGeographic（《国家地理》）Asglobalwarmingcontinuestoworsen,theneedforgreenandlow-carbonlivinghasbecomeincreasinglyurgent.Itisnolongerjustachoiceforindividualsbutanecessarytaskforthewholeworldtoprotecttheearthandfightagainstclimatechange.Greenlivingreferstoalifestylethataimstoreduceenergyconsumptionandenvironmentalpollutionindailylife.Simplechangesinpeople’sdailybehaviorcanmakeabigdifference.Forexample,choosingtowalkorridebicyclesforshorttripsinsteadofdrivingprivatecarscancutdowncarbonemissionsgreatly.Savingelectricitybyturningofflightsandelectricalapplianceswhennotinusehelpsreducethewasteofpowerresources.Recyclingwastepaper,plasticbottlesandglassalsocontributestoenvironmentalprotectionbydecreasingtheamountofrubbishandsavingnaturalresources.Manycitiesandcountriesaretakingactivemeasurestopromotelow-carbondevelopment.Moreandmorepublictransportsystemspoweredbycleanenergyarebeingbuilt.Newenergyvehiclessuchaselectriccarsarebecomingmorepopularamongthepublic.Governmentsarealsoencouragingtheuseofsolarenergyandwindenergy,whicharerenewableandcauselittlepollution.Besides,moregreenspacesandparksarebeingcreatedtoimprovetheurbanenvironmentandabsorbcarbondioxide.However,therearestilldifficultiesinthepopularizationofgreenliving.Somepeoplestilllackenvironmentalawarenessandpaylittleattentiontotheirdailycarbonfootprint.Thecostofcleanenergyequipmentisstillhighformanyfamiliesandcommunities.Inaddition,therelatedsupportingfacilitiesinsomeareasarenotperfect,whichmakesitinconvenientforpeopletolivealow-carbonlife.Infact,greenlivingisnotasdifficultassomepeopleimagine.Everysmalleffortindailylifecounts.Ifeveryonetakesactiontochoosealow-carbonlifestyle,theglobalenvironmentwillbecomebetterandbetter.Inthenearfuture,greenandlow-carbondevelopmentwillbecomethemaintrendofsocialprogress,creatingahealthierandmoresustainablehomeforhumanbeings.1.Whatisthepurposeofgreenlivingaccordingtothepassage?A.Toincreasetheuseofnaturalresources.B.Toreduceenergyconsumptionandpollution.C.Todevelopmoreprivatecars.D.Toproducemoreelectricalappliances.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawayofgreenliving?A.Walkingorcyclingforshorttrips.B.Savingelectricityindailylife.C.Recyclingwastematerials.D.Buildingmorebigfactories.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“carbonfootprint”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Theamountofcarbondioxideapersonoractivityproduces.B.Themarkleftbyfeetoncarbonmaterials.C.Anewkindofcleanenergy.D.Aspecialtypeofpollution.4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Greenlivingistoodifficultforordinarypeople.B.Cleanenergycostsnothingforallfamilies.C.Greenandlow-carbonlifewillbemorepopularinthefuture.D.Allpeoplehavestrongenvironmentalawarenessnow.Passage2环保类・保护野生动物出处：NationalGeographic（《国家地理》）Wildanimalsaretheprecioustreasureofnatureandanimportantpartoftheecologicalbalance.However,inrecentyears,manywildanimalshavebeenfacingthethreatofextinction,andthenumberofsomeendangeredspeciesisdecreasingsharply.Protectingwildanimalshasbecomeanurgenttaskforhumanbeings.Therearemanyreasonsforthedecreaseofwildanimals.Firstofall,humanactivitiessuchascuttingdownforestsandexpandingcitieshavedestroyedthelivingplacesofwildanimals,makingthemlosetheirhomesandfoodsources.Besides,somepeoplehuntwildanimalsillegallyfortheirfur,meatorotherbodypartstomakemoney,whichdirectlyleadstotherapiddeclineinthenumberofwildanimals.Inaddition,environmentalpollutionandclimatechangealsohaveabadinfluenceonthesurvivalofwildanimals.Protectingwildanimalsisofgreatimportance.Ontheonehand,protectingwildanimalshelpsmaintainecologicalbalance.Everykindofwildanimalplaysanimportantroleinnature,andtheextinctionofanyspecieswillbreakthebalanceoftheecosystem.Ontheotherhand,wildanimalshavescientificresearchvalueandcanhelppeoplebetterunderstandthemysteryoflife.Moreover,wildanimalscanalsopromotethedevelopmentofeco-tourismandbringeconomicbenefits.Toprotectwildanimals,effectivemeasuresmustbetaken.Governmentsshouldmakestrictlawstopunishillegalhuntingandprotectthelivingareasofwildanimals.Peopleshouldraisetheirawarenessofanimalprotectionandrefusetobuyproductsmadefromendangeredwildanimals.Schoolsshouldeducatestudentstoloveandprotectwildanimalsfromanearlyage.Weshouldrememberthatprotectingwildanimalsisprotectingourselves.1.Whyisthenumberofwildanimalsdecreasingsharply?A.Becausenaturedoesnotneedsomanywildanimals.B.Becausehumanactivitiesdestroytheirlivingplaces.C.Becausewildanimalscanfindenoughfoodeasily.D.Becauseeco-tourismdevelopstooquickly.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“urgent”inParagraph1mean?A.Needingimmediateattention.B.Beingeasytodealwith.C.Takingalongtime.D.Beingunimportant.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheimportanceofprotectingwildanimals?A.Maintainingecologicalbalance.B.Havingscientificresearchvalue.C.Promotingeco-tourism.D.Huntingthemformoremoney.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Illegalhuntingshouldbesupportedbyeveryone.B.Peoplecanbuyproductsmadefromwildanimals.C.Protectingwildanimalsisbeneficialtohumanbeings.D.Environmentalpollutionhasnothingtodowithwildanimals.Passage3社会类·低碳生活与可持续发展出处：TheGuardian（《卫报》）Withtheincreasingseriousnessofglobalclimatechange,low-carbonlifehasbecomeahottopicaroundtheworld.Low-carbonlifereferstoawayoflifethatreducesenergyconsumptionandgreenhousegasemissions,aimingtoprotecttheenvironmentandpromotesustainabledevelopment.Itisnotonlytheresponsibilityofeveryindividualbutalsoanimportantmeasuretodealwithclimatechange.Therearemanywaystopracticelow-carbonlifeindailylife.Forindividuals,wecansaveelectricitybyturningofflightsandotherelectricalapplianceswhennotinuse.Wecanchooselow-carbontravelmethods,suchaswalking,cyclingortakingpublictransport,insteadofdrivingprivatecars.Inaddition,wecanreducetheuseofdisposableproducts,suchasplasticbagsanddisposablechopsticks,andchoosereusableproductstoreducewaste.Forfamiliesandenterprises,theycanadoptenergy-savingtechnologiesandequipmenttoreduceenergyconsumptionandemissions.Practicinglow-carbonlifehasgreatsignificanceforenvironmentalprotectionandsustainabledevelopment.Firstly,itcanreducegreenhousegasemissions,alleviateglobalwarmingandprotecttheecologicalbalance.Secondly,itcansaveenergyresourcesandreducethepressureofresourceshortage.Thirdly,itcanhelppeopledevelopahealthyandenvironmentallyfriendlylifestyle,improvingthequalityoflife.Moreover,thepopularizationoflow-carbonlifecanpromotethedevelopmentofgreenindustries,suchasnewenergyandenergy-savingproducts.However,therearestillsomedifficultiesinpromotinglow-carbonlife.Somepeoplelacktheawarenessoflow-carbonlifeanddonotrealizeitsimportance.Othersthinkthatpracticinglow-carbonlifeisinconvenientandwillaffecttheirqualityoflife.Besides,thepromotionoflow-carbontechnologiesandproductsisnotenough,andthecostofsomegreenproductsisrelativelyhigh,whichlimitstheirpopularity.Topromotelow-carbonlife,weneedjointeffortsfromallsectorsofsociety.Governmentsshouldstrengthenpublicityandguidancetoimprovepeople'sawarenessoflow-carbonlifeandformulaterelevantpoliciestosupportthedevelopmentofgreenindustries.Enterprisesshoulddevelopmoreaffordablegreenproductsandpopularizeenergy-savingtechnologies.Asindividuals,weshouldactivelypracticelow-carbonlifeandsetanexampleforothers.Onlyinthiswaycanweprotecttheenvironmentandachievesustainabledevelopment.1.Whatislow-carbonlifeaccordingtothepassage?A.Awayoflifethatincreasesenergyconsumption.B.Awayoflifethatreducesenergyconsumptionandgreenhousegasemissions.C.Awayoflifethatonlyfocusesonpersonalcomfort.D.Awayoflifethatignoresenvironmentalprotection.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTawaytopracticelow-carbonlife?A.Turningofflightswhennotinuse.B.Drivingprivatecarseveryday.C.Usingreusableproductsinsteadofdisposableones.D.Takingpublictransport.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alleviate”inParagraph3mean?A.Worsen.B.Relieveorreduce.C.Cause.D.Accelerate.4.Whatcangovernmentsdotopromotelow-carbonlife?A.Ignorethepromotionoflow-carbonawareness.B.Formulatepoliciestosupportgreenindustriesandstrengthenpublicity.C.Increasethecostofgreenproducts.D.Discouragepeoplefromusingpublictransport.Passage4社会类·垃圾分类与绿色生活出处：TheGuardian（《卫报》）Withtherapiddevelopmentofsocietyandtheincreaseofpeople’slivingstandards,theamountofgarbageisgrowingdaybyday,whichbringsgreatpressuretotheenvironment.Garbageclassification,asaneffectivewaytosolvethegarbageproblem,hasbeenpromotedinmanycountriesaroundtheworld,helpingtobuildagreenandsustainablelife.Garbageclassificationhasmanyenvironmentalbenefits.Firstly,itcanreduceenvironmentalpollution.Forexample,harmfulgarbagesuchasbatteriesandexpiredmedicines,ifnotclassifiedanddisposedofproperly,willpollutesoilandwater.Classifyingthemseparatelycanavoidsuchpollution.Secondly,garbageclassificationcansaveresources.Manywastes,suchaspaper,plasticbottlesandglass,canberecycledandreusedafterclassification.Thisnotonlyreducestheamountofgarbagebutalsosavestheresourcesneededtoproducenewproducts.Thirdly,garbageclassificationcanprotectecologicalbalanceandpromotethesustainabledevelopmentofsociety.However,garbageclassificationisstillnotwidelypopularizedinsomeareas.Somepeoplelacktheawarenessofgarbageclassificationanddonotknowhowtoclassifygarbagecorrectly.Someareasdonothaveperfectgarbageclassificationfacilities,suchasclassifiedgarbagebins,whichmakesitdifficultforpeopletocarryoutgarbageclassification.Inaddition,thepublicityandguidanceongarbageclassificationarenotenough,leadingtopeople’slowenthusiasmforparticipatinginit.Topromotegarbageclassification,jointeffortsareneededfromthegovernment,communitiesandeveryindividual.Thegovernmentshouldformulaterelevantlawsandregulationstostandardizegarbageclassificationandincreaseinvestmentingarbageclassificationfacilities.Communitiesshouldstrengthenpublicityandguidance,teachpeoplehowtoclassifygarbagecorrectlythroughlecturesandposters.Asindividuals,weshouldestablishtheawarenessofgreenlife,learngarbageclassificationknowledgeandpracticegarbageclassificationindailylife.Onlyinthiswaycanweprotecttheenvironmentandbuildabetterhome.1.Whatisaneffectivewaytosolvethegarbageproblemaccordingtothepassage?A.Increasingtheamountofgarbagedisposalequipment.B.Garbageclassification.C.Reducingpeople’slivingstandards.D.Buryingallgarbageunderground.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofgarbageclassification?A.Reducingenvironmentalpollution.B.Savingresources.C.Protectingecologicalbalance.D.Increasingtheamountofgarbage.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disposed”inParagraph2mean?A.Produced.B.Collected.C.Handledanddealtwith.D.Recycled.4.Whatcanindividualsdotopromotegarbageclassification?A.Waitforthegovernmenttodoallthework.B.Establishgreenlifeawarenessandpracticegarbageclassification.C.Ignoregarbageclassificationrules.D.Complainaboutthelackofclassificationfacilities.Passage5环境类·城市绿化与生态修复Urbangreeninghasbecomeacrucialcomponentofmodernurbandevelopment,asitnotonlyenhancesthelivingenvironmentofresidentsbutalsohelpsaddressenvironmentalissuessuchasairpollutionandtheheatislandeffect.Inrecentyears,agrowingnumberofcitieshavestartedtofocusonecologicalrestoration,integratinggreenspacesintourbanplanningtobuildmoresustainablecities.Amajorbenefitofurbangreeningistheimprovementofairquality.Treesandplantsareabletoabsorbcarbondioxideandemitoxygen,whichhelpslowertheconcentrationofharmfulgasesintheair.Forexample,alargeurbancentralparkcanabsorbaconsiderableamountofcarbondioxide,fresheningtheairfornearbyresidents.Anotheradvantageisthemitigationoftheheatislandeffect.Urbanareasaregenerallywarmerthanruralareasduetothelargenumberofbuildingsandroads,butgreenspacescanproduceacoolingeffectthroughshadingandtranspiration.Nonetheless,urbangreeningalsofacesseveraldifficulties.Aprimaryproblemisthescarcityofspaceforgreenareasindenselypopulatedcities.Manycitieshavelimitedlandresources,makingitchallengingtoconstructlargeparksandgreenbelts.Anotherdifficultyisthehighcostofgreenspacemaintenance.Watering,pruning,andpestcontrolareallcostly,andnumerouscitiesareunabletoproperlymaintaintheirgreenareas.Furthermore,somegreenspacesarenotscientificallydesigned,whichmayresultinthewasteofresources.Insummary,urbangreeningisaneffectivemeansofimprovingtheurbanenvironment,butitdemandscarefulplanningandmanagement.Thebestapproachistocombineecologicalrestorationwithurbandevelopment,ensuringthatgreenspacesarebothaestheticallypleasingandfunctionallypractical.1.Whatisthemainbenefitofurbangreeningforcities?A.Itcanmakecitiesmorecrowded.B.Itcanenhancethelivingenvironmentandsolveenvironmentalproblems.C.Itcandecreasethenumberoftreesandplants.D.Itcanraisethecostofurbandevelopment.2.Whycangreenspacesmitigatetheheatislandeffect?A.Becausetheycanabsorbcarbondioxideandemitoxygen.B.Becausetheycanproduceacoolingeffectthroughshadingandtranspiration.C.Becausetheycanfreshentheair.D.Becausetheycanprovidemorespaceforresidents.3.Whatisoneofthechallengesofurbangreening?A.Itcanimproveairquality.B.Itcanmitigatetheheatislandeffect.C.Itishardtobuildlargegreenareasindenselypopulatedcities.D.Itcanreducethecostofgreenspacemaintenance.4.Whatistheauthor’sviewonurbangreening?A.Itisunnecessaryformoderncities.B.Itrequirescarefulplanningandmanagement.C.Itshouldbecompletelyabandonedduetohighcosts.D.Itisonlysuitableforsmallcities.Passage6环保类·全球塑料污染治理新方案出处：NationalGeographic（《国家地理》）Plasticpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemosturgentenvironmentalproblemsintheworld.Everyyear,hundredsofmillionsoftonsofplasticareproducedworldwide,andalargepartofthemeventuallyentersoceans,riversandsoil,causingseriousdamagetoecosystemsandhumanhealth.Traditionalplasticwastetreatmentmethods,suchaslandfillsandburning,canhardlysolvetheproblemfundamentally,andmayevenleadtosecondarypollution.Inrecentyears,countriesaroundtheworldhavetakenactivemeasurestofightagainstplasticpollution.Manygovernmentshavepassedlawstolimitorbansingle-useplastics,includingplasticbags,strawsanddisposabletableware.Somecompanieshavestartedtousebiodegradablematerialsinsteadoftraditionalplasticstodevelopenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts.Inaddition,advancedtechnologiessuchaschemicalrecyclingandplasticupcyclingarebeingdeveloped,whichcanturnwasteplasticintohigh-valueproducts.Publicawarenessofplasticreductionisalsorisingrapidly.Moreandmorepeoplechoosetotakereusablebags,bottlesandcontainersindailylife,refusingunnecessaryplasticproducts.Environmentalorganizationsareactivelypromotingzero-wastelifestylesandcallingonthewholesocietytojoinintheactionofprotectingtheearth.However,theglobalfightagainstplasticpollutionstillfacesgreatchallenges.Theproductionofplasticsisstillincreasinginsomeareas,andtherecyclingsystemisnotperfectinmanydevelopingcountries.What’smore,thecostofnewenvironmentalprotectiontechnologiesisrelativelyhigh,whichlimitstheirpopularizationandapplication.Expertsbelievethatsolvingplasticpollutionrequiresjointeffortsfromgovernments,enterprisesandindividuals.Onlybyreducingtheuseofplasticsatsource,improvingrecyclingsystemsanddevelopinggreenalternativescanhumanbeingsgraduallywinthebattleagainstplasticpollutionandprotectthesharedhomeofalllivingthings.1.WhatisthemainproblemcausedbyplasticpollutionaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Itleadstotheriseofglobaltemperature.B.Itdamagesecosystemsandhumanhealth.C.Itmakesenergyresourcesrunoutquickly.D.Itincreasesthecostofdailyproduction.2.WhichmeasureisNOTmentionedtodealwithplasticpollution?A.Banningsingle-useplasticscompletelyinallcountries.B.Usingbiodegradablematerialstomakeproducts.C.Developingchemicalrecyclingtechnology.D.Promotingreusabledailynecessities.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“biodegradable”probablymean?A.Abletobebrokendownnaturally.B.Hardtoberecycledorreused.C.Madeofadvancedplasticmaterials.D.Producedwithlowcost.4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofplasticproductionandusage.B.Theharm,solutionsandchallengesofplasticpollution.C.Thewaystodevelopnewrecyclingtechnologies.D.Theimportanceofenvironmentalorganizations.Passage7环保类・塑料污染与海洋保护出处：TheEconomist（《经济学人》）Ourplanet’soceansarefacingseriouspollutionproblems,andplasticwasteisoneofthemaincauses.Everyyear,millionsoftonsofplasticflowintotheoceans,harmingmarinelifeanddestroyingtheoceanecosystem.Plasticpollutionhasaterribleinfluenceonoceananimals.Manyseaanimals,suchasturtles,whalesandseabirds,oftenmistakeplasticbagsandbottlesforfood.Eatingplasticcancausestomachache,illnessandevendeath.Besides,plasticgarbagecanalsodestroythelivingplacesofoceananimals,makingmanycreaturesendangered.What’sworse,plasticcanbreakdownintoverysmallpiecescalledmicroplastics,whichenterthefoodchainandfinallyappearonthehumantable,bringingpotentialhealthrisks.Tosolveplasticpollution,manycountrieshavetakenaction.Somegovernmentshavepassedlawstolimittheuseofsingle-useplasticslikeplasticbagsandstraws.Manycompaniesaredevelopingenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialstoreplaceplastic.Volunteersalsoorganizebeachclean-upactivitiestocollectplasticwaste.However,solvingplasticpollutionrequireslong-termefforts.Itneedsthejointeffortsofgovernments,companiesandeveryindividual.Weshouldreducetheuseofplasticindailylife,reuseandrecycleplasticproducts,andraiseawarenessofoceanprotection.Onlybyworkingtogethercanweprotecttheoceansandcreateabetterhomeforalllivingthings.1、Whatisoneofthemaincausesofoceanpollution?IndustrialgasB.PlasticwasteC.NoisepollutionD.Foodwaste2.WhatwillNOThappentoseaanimalsthateatplastic?A.StomachacheB.IllnessC.GoodsleepD.Death3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“potential”inParagraph2mean?A.PossibleB.SeriousC.LimitedD.Normal4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thetypesofoceananimalsandtheirlivinghabits.B.Theharmofplasticpollutiontooceansandwaystoprotectthem.C.Theprocessofplasticbreakingdownintomicroplastics.D.Theimportanceofenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.Passage8科技类・可再生能源与智慧城市建设出处：TheEconomist（《经济学人》）Smartcityconstructionhasbecomeaglobaltrendinurbandevelopment,andintegratingrenewableenergyintosmartcitieshasbecomeanimportantwaytoachieveenvironmentalprotectionandsustainabledevelopment.Renewableenergy,suchassolarenergy,windenergyandhydropower,iscleanandrecyclable,whichisinlinewiththedevelopmentconceptofsmartcitiesthatfocusonenergyconservationandemissionreduction.Thecombinationofrenewableenergyandsmartcitieshasbroughtmanyadvantages.Foronething,itcanreducecities’dependenceonfossilfuelssuchascoalandoil,thusloweringcarbonemissionsandalleviatingairpollution.Foranother,smartcitysystemscanintelligentlymanagethecollection,storageanddistributionofrenewableenergy.Forexample,insomeNordicsmartcities,solarpanelsareinstalledontheroofsofmostbuildings,andthesmartenergysystemcanadjusttheuseofsolarpoweraccordingtotheactualenergydemandofresidents,makingenergyusemoreefficient.InsomeChinesesmartcommunities,windpowerandgeothermalenergyareusedtosupplyelectricityandheatforresidents,greatlyreducingenergycosts.However,therearestillmanychallengesintheintegrationofrenewableenergyandsmartcityconstruction.First,theconstructioncostofrenewableenergyfacilitiessuchassolarpanelsandwindturbinesisrelativelyhigh,whichincreasesthecostofsmartcityconstruction.Second,thestorageofrenewableenergyisabigproblem.Mostrenewableenergyisaffectedbynaturalconditions,suchassolarenergywhichisunavailableatnight,leadingtounstableenergysupply.Third,theexistingurbaninfrastructureinmanycitiesisnotsuitablefortheuseofrenewableenergy,andlarge-scalerenovationisneeded,whichtakesalotoftimeandmoney.Despitethesechallenges,moreandmorecountriesaretakingmeasurestopromotethecombinationofrenewableenergyandsmartcities.Governmentshaveintroducedrelevantpoliciestosupporttheresearchanddevelopmentofrenewableenergytechnologyandreducetheconstructioncost.Scientistsarealsodevelopingnewenergystoragetechnologiestosolvetheproblemofunstableenergysupply.Itisbelievedthatwiththeprogressoftechnologyandtheimprovementofpolicies,renewableenergywillbecomeanindispensablepartofsmartcityconstructioninthefuture.1、Whatisanimportantwaytoachieveurbanenvironmentalprotectionandsustainabledevelopment?A.Reducingthenumberofbuildingsinsmartcities.B.Integratingrenewableenergyintosmartcityconstruction.C.Increasingtheuseoffossilfuelsinurbandevelopment.D.Ignoringtheenergydemandofurbanresidents.2、Whatcansmartenergysystemsdoforrenewableenergyuse?A.Makeenergycollection,storageanddistributionmoreintelligentandefficient.B.Solvetheproblemofhighconstructioncostofrenewableenergyfacilities.C.Renovatetheexistingurbaninfrastructureinashorttime.D.Makerenewableenergycompletelyunaffectedbynaturalconditions.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“renovation”inParagraph3mean?A.Destruction.B.Repairandimprovement.C.Abandonment.D.Constructionfromscratch.4、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheintegrationofrenewableenergyandsmartcities?A.Doubtful.B.Negative.C.Optimistic.D.Neutral.Passage9环保类・保护野生动物出处：NationalGeographic（《国家地理》）Wildanimalsaretheprecioustreasureofnatureandanimportantpartoftheecologicalbalance.However,inrecentyears,manywildanimalshavebeenfacingthethreatofextinction,andthenum