语言清单01 语法填空中的词类（一）有提示词-谓语动词-2026年高考英语二轮复习原卷版

语言清单01语法填空中的词类(一)

(有提示词一谓语动词)

必备知识梳理

9突破策略

1.分析句了-结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，包空处所需词与之是并列关系时，空处就用

谓语动词；

2.若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致

①看“时间”定时态(注意语境中暗含的时间状语)；

②看“主语”定语态(看主语是否为动作的发出者)；

③看人称和数，确保主谓一致。

9技法感悟

一如何确定是1.分析句子结构知此句为简单句，在主语后面要填动词，而且只有这一个动词，则该空格

否作谓语(句子结应填谓语动词。

构分析法)2.分析句子结构知此句为并列句，可知并列词前后两个句子都要有自己的谓语动词。

3.分析句子结构知此句为复合句，可知主句和从句都要有自己的谓语动词。

【温馨提示】1.根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态；2.根据主语与谓

语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态：3.根据主语确定谓语动词的数，做到主谓一

致。

二如何确定谓1.常考时态的标志性时间状语

语动词的时态(1)看到ofien,usually,always,every(ime?sometimes等时间状语，要想到用一般现在时。

(2)看到yesterday,lastyear,in2022,theotherday,twodaysago,,一段时间+later等时间状

语，要想到用一般过去时。

(3)看到tomorrow,nextyear,inaweek,inthefuture,soon等时间状语，要想到用一般将来

时。

(4)看到althisiiioiiiciil.alpicscnl,now等时间状语，要想到用现在进行时。

(5)看到since,recently,lately,already,inthelastpastfewyears,sofar/uptonow,fbr+时间

段,eversince..,等时间状语，要想到用现在完成时。

⑹看到bythen,by(heendof...等时间状语,要想到用过去完成时。

2.找并列词

(1)可根据并列连词and,but,or,ratherthan,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso…等前后的谓

语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态。

(2)同一个主诏的两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要一致。

3.掌握常用句式：

(1)was/\veredoingsth.whensb.did...

(2)had(just)donesth.when+一般过去时

(3)This/It/Thatisthefirst/second...timethatsb.havc/hasdone...

(4)This/It/Thatwasthefirst/second...timethatsb.haddone...

(5)祈使句+and/or+陈述句，陈述句用一般将来时

(6)Ifs(high)timethat...did/shoulddosth.

4.通过语境暗示法

分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，而没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显

的情况卜，通过正确理解语境即通过题干中的语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题的一种行

之有效的方法。

三如何确定谓1.依据逻辑关系，辨析主动或被动

语动词的语态(1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态：若

是被动关系则考虑用被动语态。

(2)被动语态的基本形式为:be+过去分词，再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。

2.主动表示被动的句式：

(1)当feel,look,smell,taste,sound等后面接形容词时；

⑵当cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时；

(3)当breakout,takeplace,shutoff,turnoff,workout等动词短语表示“发生,关闭，制定”

等意思时。

四如何确定谓1.语法一致：

语动词的单复数(1)动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。

形式(主谓一致)(2)主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with,togetherwith,aswellas,like,but,except,

alongwith,ratherthan,including,inadditionto等，谓语动词的数要H前面的主语保持一

致。

(3)and,both...and...连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接

的两个名词表示同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现时，谓语动词用单数形式C

(4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致。

(5)t4manya/morcthanone+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。each,every,no所修饰

的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。

2.就近一致

(1)由or,either.,or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)....not...but…等连接的并列主语，谓

语动词的数通常与最近的主语保持一致。

(2)由there,here引起的句子中主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最近的主语保持一

致。

3.意义一致

(1)集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作是构成集体

的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有:family,class,team,group等。

(2)“he+形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

(3)由分数、百分数或者some,apano「等修饰时，要根据所修饰的名词确定谓语动词的

单复数。

(4)what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果表语是复数名词，则谓

语动词用复数形式。

【附录1】不同时态的被动语态的构成

现在过去将来过去将来

一般am/is/aredonewas/weredoneshall/willbedoneshould/wouldbedone

进行anVis/arcbeingdonewas/werebeingdone——

shall/willhavebeenshould/wouldhave

完成havc/hasbeendonehadbeendone

donebeendone

含有情

情态动词+be+done

态动词

【附录2】

在时态的变化中，动词的形式需要发生相应的变化。动词形式不正确已经成为英语写作中重要的扣分

因素。因此，要注意在不同时态中的词形变化。

形式变化规则构成方法例词

原形see,finish,teach,touch

look—looks

一般情况直接加-S

write—writes

teach-teaches

finish—finishes

以-ch,-sh,-s,-x结尾加-es

guess—guesses

三单

mix—mixes

do一does

以“辅音+。”结尾加-es

go-goes

try一tries

以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i加-es

cry-cries

过去式一般情况直接加-edstay—stayed

look—looked

decide-decided

以不发音-e结尾直接加刁

hope-hoped

以重读闭音节结尾，末尾双写辅音字母stop-stopped

只有一个辅音字母加・edadmit—admitted

carry-carried

以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为iJn-ed

try—tried

go—going

一般情况直接加-ing

read-reading

have—having

现在分词以不发音-e结尾去e加-ing

write—writing

以重读闭音节结尾，且末双写辅音字母cut—cutting

尾只有一个辅音字母加-ingrun一running

f02对点训练.

巩固提升

1.（2025北京卷）Bythetimeyoubrushedyourteeth,you（make）severaldecisionsevenwithout

noticing.

2.（2025北京卷）Usually,betteroutcomes（achieve）throughathoroughunderstandingofstrategieslike

risktolerance.

2.（2025新高考I卷）“Theplayers'personalities（reveal）duringthegame,andone'sweaknessesare

exposedtotheopponent,“

3.（2025新高考I卷）“Adecentwinneralways（try）cobeattheopponentbynomorethanoneortwo

pointsasagesture（姿态）ofrespectfortheotherside.”

4.（2025新高考II卷）The“sunshinescent（香味）“offreshlysunnedclothes（be）oneofthem.

5.（20251月浙江）Theconcept（be）certainlynotnew—menliavebeenrentinggoodsuitsfordecades一

butforfemaleshoppers,itisjusttakingoff

1.（2026•江苏南京二十九中•模拟）Thisgracefuldialogue,which（flow）frombrushedfingertipsand

（ravellingforthousandsofyears,iscontinuingtothisday.

2.（2026广东高三模拟预测）Eventhoughwe（lose）alot,momentslikethosegaveushopefor

（hefuture.

3.Theybrokemywindowsand（threat）me.（所给词的适当形式填空）

4.（2016全国・一模）He（pretend）（hatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.

5.(2016•全国•——模)Oneday,Nickinvitedhisfriendstosupper.Hewascookingsomedeliciousfoodinthe

kitchen.Suddenly,he(find)thathehadrunoutofsalt.

6.(2026高三下•全国・专题练习)Thestudents'proposals(evaluate)basedoncreativitylastsemester.

7.(2026高三下•全国•专题练习)The6Gsatellitehostsadistributedautonomousarchitecturefor6Gwhich___

(develop)jointlybyChinaMobileandtheChineseAcademyofSciences5InnovationAcademyforMicrosatcllitcs.

8.ProjectHope(design)tohelpthosechildrenwhodropoutofschoolbecauseofpoverty.

9.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium(build)inBeijing

10.Mycar(repair)soIcaiVtlendittoyou.

11.Knowledgegainedfromstudyingearthquakewaves(apply)invariousfieldsrecently.

12.(2020•河北衡水•一模)Shehasbeenfully(occupy)withworkrecently.

13.Notonlythepeopleofournation,allthepeopleoftheworldhaveprofitedfromhiswork.

14.Atpresent,manyafarm(destroy)becauseoftheunsustainablelanduseandworseningdroughts.

15.Anumberofstudentsinourschool(be)fromthecountryside.

16.NotyoubutI(be)mistaken.

17.Asisknowntoall,spendingtoomuchtimeonline(be)unhealthy.

18.Workingoutregularly(do)wondersforthebodyandmind.(所给词的适当形式填空)

19.Todothis(be)tocutthefeettofittheshoes.

20.Playinggo(give)Turkishplayersachancetoexperienceadifferentworldview,anditalsohelpsthem

developskillslikestrategicthinkingandpatience.

13冲刺突破

语法填空

Passage1

【艺术作品】

(2025-2026学年河南周口市百校联盟高三上学期2月期末英语试题)

AsurrealsceneofabussuspendedinthemiddleofatallbuildingatascenicspotinSouthwestChina's

ChongqingMunicipalityhasgoneviralrecently,attractingcrowdsofvisitorseager](witness)the

unusualyetfascinatingsightfor(hemselves.

Theso-calledNo.2bus,seemingly2(hang)fromtheeighthfloorofthebuildingwithitsfront

halfappearingtohavecrashedintothewall,createsadramaticandeye-catchingdisplay.

Thedisplay,locatedinMcixinWineTowninChongqing'sFillingDistrict,isnottheresultofanaccidentor

amovieset,3acarefullycraftedartpiecethat4(present)tothepublicatihestartoftheyear.

Thescenicspot,which5(main)consistsofentertainmentfacilitiesandcommercialprojects,isa

comprehensivetourismdestinationthatcombinesleisure,entertainment,andshopping.

Accordingtothegroup,the6(inspire)comesfromapopularChinesesongbyapopsinger,in

2thelyricsmentionaNo.2busparkedonabuilding's8thfloor.Thecreatorshavebroughttheselyricsto

life

8makesthisdisplaystandoutishowitturnsimaginationintovisualreality.Itssuccessisa

testamenttoChongqing'sboomingreputation9acentreforinnovativeandthought-provokingpublicart.

Knownforitslivelyculturalscenesandunique10(architecture)landscapes,thecitycontinuestopush

theboundariesoftraditionaltourismwithattractionsthatoffermorethanjustvisualappeal.

Passage2

【人与动植物】

(2025-2026学年湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三下学期开学英语试题)

Thelast11(remain)twogiantpandasleftUenoZooinJapanonTuesdayfortheirreturntoChina,

markingthefirsttimethattherewillbenopandasinJapaninaroundhalf12century.

Thetwinpandas,XiaoXiaoandLeiLei,13(transport)bytruckfromtheUenoZoological

GardenstoNaritaAirport,wheretheywerescheduled14(board)aflightbacktoChina.

TheirreturntoChinafollowedaperiodofmassivepublicattention.AccordingtotheMainichiShimbun,

around311,500peopleappliedforthezoo'stickets,15reservationsforthefinalpublicviewingonJan.

25reached24.6timesthe16(permit)capacity.

17failingtosecureticketstoseethepandas,manyJapanesefansstillwenttoUenoZootobid

farewelltoXiaoXiaoandLeiLeionthelastdayforpublicviewing.

MikakoKaneko,deputydirectorofUenoZoo,saidshewasdeeply18(gratitude)toall(hose

19hadfollowedthepandasandsupportedtheirgrowthovertheyears.

FollowingXiaoXiaoandLeiLei's2()(depart),therewillbenogiantpandasinJapanforthefirst

timesincethetwoarrivedin1972tocommemoratethenormalizationofdiplomatictiesbetweenthecountries.

Passage3

【艺术作品】

(2025-2026学年江西省重点中学协作体高三下学期2月第一次联考英语试题)

ChinaMediaGrouphasrevealedthemascots(吉祥物)forthe2026SpringFestivalGala,drawingon

China'shorseculture.TheSpringFestivalGala,firstbroadcastin1983,isoneofthemost-watchedTVprograms

21ChineseNewYear'sEve.

Thefourlivelyandvividmascots22(perfect)fitthegala'stheme“QiJiChiCheng,Momentum

Unstoppable**,matchingthecheerfulspiritofthecomingYearoftheHorse.TheirdesignsarcrootedinChina's

classical23(describe)ofhorsesacrossdynasties,artfullycombiningtraditionalbeautywithmodern

energy,andholdsymbolicmeaningsofsuccessandprosperity.

QiQiisdesignedafteraWesternZhouDynastybronzewinevessel24(shape)likeahorse.Ils

smooth,dignifiedformandelegantdarkblue-blackcolorshowthehorse'ssymbolofnobilityinancientChina,

25(represent)ambitionandcourage.JiJilakesinspirationfromafamousHanDynastybronzehorsestatue,

26widc-sprcadwingsstandforvitalityandanunyieldingcourage27(face)newchallenges.Chi

Chiisbasedon28celebratedTangDynasty“three-color“glazehorse,unearthedfromtheMausoleum

ofPrincessYongtai.ChengChengmodelsthePrzcwalski'shorse,theworld'sonlyremainingwildhersespecies.It

symbolizesnature'sresilienceandthehannonybetweenhumansandtheenvironment,highlighting29

(ecology)protectionandbiodiversity.

AstheNewYear30(approach),thesefourmascotswillbringjoy,vitalityandhopetoglobal

celebrations,inspiringpeopletoembracenewopportunitieswithenthusiasm.

Passage4

(2025-2026学年广东深圳市高级中学高中园高三年级第一阶段第三次测试(期末)英语试题)

LegohasunveiledSmartBricks—tcch-fillcdversionsofitssmallbuildingblocks—whichitsayswill

bringtheblocks31lifewithsound,lightandreactiontomovement.

However,thenewproductrangehasgotamixedreactionfromplayexperts,someofwhomwarnthatitmay

harm32makesLegospecialfbrchildreninanincreasinglydigitalworld.

AnnouncedattheConsumerElectronicsShow(CES)2026inLasVegas,theDanishtoymaker'sSmartPlay

systemintroducesnewelectronic33(component)totheclassicplasticblocks.

Legosaysitsnewtech-enabledproducts,launchedinMarchwithanewStarWarsset,are34(it)

“mostrevolutionaryinnovation“innearly50years.

ButJoshGolin,executivedirectorofchildren'swell-beinggroupFairplay,believesSmartBrickscould

“destroywhat35(be)oncegreataboutLegos—usingchildren'sownimaginationduringplay.

Hesaidthetoydidnotrequireextrafeatures36(generate)soundsorothereffects.

37isknowntoall,children'sLegocreationsalreadydomoveandmakenoisesthroughthe

pov/eroftheirimaginations/'hetoldBBC.

Thecompany'schiefproductand38(market)officer,JuliaGoldin,39(previous)told

BBCitvieweddigitaltechnologyasanopportunityto“expandphysicalplayandphysicalbuilding^^.

“Wedon'tlookatthedigitalworldas40threatJshesaid—addingthatitssmartrangeweaves

(编入)interactivity“seamlessly"withitsphysicalblocks.

Passage5

(2025-2026学年浙江浙南名校、七彩阳光精诚联盟、金兰教育2月高三下学期返校联考英语试题)

Virtualmuseumsnolongerserveasbackupoptionsfbrthosewhocannottravel.Theyofferuniquecultural

valueontheirown.

Overthepastdecade,digitalization41(become)adrivingforceinredefiningthemuseum

experience.WithAl-poweredtools,museumsareadoptingarangeoftechnologies42(enhance)

accessibilityandvisitorengagement.Insteadofstaringatstatic(静上的)images,peoplecaninteractwithobjects

andexplorerooms43(close)tothepublicinreallife.

Thevalueliesnotincopyingphysicalmuseums44inofferingwhatthephysicalworldcannot.

Someexhibitsintegrateanimation,audio,andcenteredinterpretation.Othersreconstructlostheritageoroffer

bchind-thc-sccncslooksatpreservation.

Amuseumwithoutwallscanadaptandrespondtoculturalshiftswithspeed.Exhibitscangolive.45

(update)donottakemonths.Theaudiencebecomespartoftheexperience,notasilent46(observe).Ail

o