2026年新课标 II 卷高考英语专题突破高频考点易错卷（含解析）

2026年新课标II卷高考英语专题突破高频考点易错卷（含解析）考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。PassageOneTheconceptof"hygge"(pronouncedHUH-guh),aDanishwordmeaningcoziness,comfort,andjoy,hasgainedimmensepopularityworldwide.OriginatingfromDenmark'slong,darkwinters,hyggeismorethanjustatrend;it'sawayoflifethatfocusesoncreatingawarmatmosphereandfindingpleasureinthesimplerthings.It'saboutlightingcandles,sittingbyafireplace,enjoyingwarmdrinks,andspendingqualitytimewithlovedones.Proponentsofhyggebelieveitsignificantlycontributestomentalwell-being.Inafast-paced,oftenstressfulworld,hyggeencouragesmindfulnessandpresence.Byslowingdownandappreciatingthemoment,individualscanreduceanxietyandimprovetheiroverallmood.Thisisparticularlyrelevantintoday'sdigitalage,whereconstantconnectivitycanbeoverwhelming.Hyggepromotesdisconnectionfromscreensanddeeperhumaninteraction,fosteringstrongerrelationshipsandasenseofcommunity.Implementinghyggeindailylifedoesn'trequireelaborategesturesorexpensiveitems.It'saboutcreatingsmall,intentionalmomentsofcomfort.Thiscouldinvolvesettingupacozyreadingnook,havingacupofherbaltea,orsimplyenjoyingaquieteveningathome.Thekeyistofindjoyinthesimplicityandtomaketimeforthingsthatbringwarmthandcontentment.AstheDanishproverbgoes,"There'snosuchthingasbadweather,onlybadclothing."Thismindset,combinedwithhyggeprinciples,encouragesembracingtheoutdoorseveninless-than-idealconditions,turningordinarydaysintoopportunitiesforcoziness.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.HyggeisaDanishtrendfocusedonluxuriousdecorationsandexpensiveactivities.B.HyggeoriginatedinDenmarkasaresponsetoitslong,darkwintersandpromoteswell-being.C.Theglobalpopularityofhyggeisduetoitsemphasisondigitalconnectivityandsocialmedia.D.Implementinghyggerequiressignificanteffort,includingelaborateplanningandcostlypurchases.2.Accordingtothepassage,howdoeshyggecontributetomentalwell-being?A.Byencouragingpeopletoengageinintensephysicalactivityoutdoors.B.Byprovidingaframeworkforsettingandachievingambitiouscareergoals.C.Bypromotingmindfulness,reducinganxiety,andfosteringstrongerrelationships.D.Byfacilitatingquickandconstantconnectivitythroughdigitaldevices.3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribeshowhyggecanbepracticedindailylife?A.Organizinglarge,expensivegatheringswithlotsofguests.B.Spendingminimaltimeathomeandfocusingonworkorsocialevents.C.Creatingsmall,intentionalmomentsofcomfortandpresence.D.Prioritizingoutdooractivitiesregardlessoftheweatherconditions.4.WhatdoestheDanishproverbmentionedinthepassagesuggest?A.Peopleshouldalwaysstayindoorstoavoidbadweather.B.Cozinessandcomfortareonlypossiblewhenwearingtherightclothes.C.Oneshouldfindjoyandopportunityeveninchallengingsituations.D.Expensiveclothingisessentialforfeelingcomfortableinvariousweatherconditions.PassageTwoTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedbothexcitementandconcernacrossvarioussectors.WhileAIoffersimmensepotentialtoenhanceproductivity,improvehealthcare,andsolvecomplexproblems,italsoraisesethicalquestionsandpotentialrisksthatneedcarefulconsideration.OneoftheprimarybenefitsofAIisitsabilitytoprocessvastamountsofdatamuchfasterthanhumans.Thiscapabilityisparticularlyvaluableinfieldslikemedicine,whereAIalgorithmscanassistindiagnosingdiseasesfrommedicalimageswithhighaccuracy.However,therelianceonAIisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Onemajorconcernisthepotentiallossofjobs.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theycanperformtasksthatweretraditionallydonebyhumans,leadingtoworkforcedisplacementincertainindustries.Additionally,thereareconcernsaboutdataprivacyandsecurity.AIsystemsoftenrequirelargedatasets,whichmayincludesensitivepersonalinformation.Ensuringtheconfidentialityandintegrityofthisdataiscrucialtopreventmisuseandprotectindividualprivacy.AnothersignificantissueisthepotentialforAItoperpetuatebiases.AIalgorithmsaretrainedondata,andifthisdatareflectsexistingsocietalbiases,theAIsystemcaninheritandevenamplifythem.Thiscanleadtounfairordiscriminatoryoutcomes,particularlyinareaslikehiring,lending,andcriminaljustice.Addressingthesebiasesrequiresnotonlytechnicalsolutionsbutalsoareexaminationofthedatasourcesandsocietalstructuresthatcontributetothem.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureofAIlookspromisingifmanagedresponsibly.OngoingresearchanddevelopmentaimtomitigatetherisksassociatedwithAI.Forinstance,effortsarebeingmadetocreatemoretransparentandexplainableAIsystems,allowinguserstounderstandhowdecisionsaremade.EthicalguidelinesandregulationsarealsobeingdevelopedtoensurethatAIisusedforthebenefitofhumanity.Thekeyliesinfosteringacollaborativeapproachinvolvingtechnologists,policymakers,andthepublictonavigatethecomplexitiesofAIandharnessitspotentialwhileminimizingitsrisks.5.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.ToargueagainsttheuseofAIinanyformduetoitspotentialrisks.B.TohighlightthebenefitsandchallengesofAIandsuggestwaystomanageitsrisks.C.TopromotethedevelopmentofAIwithoutconsideringitsethicalimplications.D.ToprovideacomprehensivehistoryofAIfromitsinceptiontothepresentday.6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemainbenefitsofAI?A.Itsabilitytoreducetheneedforhumaninteractionintheworkplace.B.Itscapacitytoprocessvastamountsofdataandassistinmedicaldiagnosis.C.Itspotentialtocompletelyreplacehumanworkersinallindustries.D.Itsroleinenhancingmilitarycapabilitiesandnationalsecurity.7.WhatisamajorconcernregardingtheuseofAIinemployment?A.AIsystemsmaybecometooexpensiveforsmallbusinessestoimplement.B.ThepotentiallossofjobsasAIsystemscanperformtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans.C.AImayleadtoanincreaseinworkplaceaccidentsduetomachineerrors.D.AIcouldreduceemployeemoralebyreplacinghumanmanagers.8.HowcanbiasesinAIsystemsbeaddressed?A.ByusingAItomonitorandcontrolemployeebehaviormoreclosely.B.BydevelopingmoretransparentandexplainableAIsystemsandexaminingdatasources.C.ByrelyingsolelyonAIdecision-makingtoeliminatehumanbias.D.ByencouragingAIsystemstomimichumanbiasestobetterfitsocietalnorms.PassageThreeSustainabletourismhasbecomeacriticalfocusfortheglobaltravelindustryasenvironmentaldegradationandculturalpreservationconcernsgrow.Unliketraditionaltourism,whichoftenprioritizeseconomicgainoverenvironmentalandsocialresponsibility,sustainabletourismaimstominimizenegativeimpactswhilemaximizingpositiveones.Thisapproachrecognizesthattourismcanbeapowerfulforceforgood,contributingtolocaleconomies,conservationefforts,andculturalexchange,butonlyifmanagedwisely.Oneofthekeyprinciplesofsustainabletourismisreducingenvironmentalfootprints.Thisinvolvesminimizingwaste,conservingnaturalresources,andprotectingbiodiversity.Forexample,eco-friendlyhotelsuserenewableenergysources,implementwater-savingmeasures,andencouragegueststoparticipateinrecyclingprograms.Sustainabletourismalsopromotestheuseoflocaltransportationoptionstoreducecarbonemissionsandsupportstherestorationandmaintenanceofnaturalhabitats.Culturally,sustainabletourismseekstopreserveandrespectlocaltraditionsandheritage.Itencouragesauthenticexperiencesthatprovideinsightintothelocalwayoflifewithoutexploitingordamagingculturalsites.Thiscaninvolvesupportinglocalartisans,promotingtraditionalfoods,andfacilitatingcommunity-basedtourisminitiativeswherevisitorscanengagedirectlywithlocalcommunitiesinameaningfulway.Bydoingso,sustainabletourismhelpstomaintainculturaldiversityandstrengthenstheeconomictiesbetweentouristsandlocalpopulations.Theeconomicbenefitsofsustainabletourismarealsosignificant.Byfocusingonlong-termsustainabilityratherthanshort-termprofits,thismodelcanleadtomorestableandequitableeconomicgrowthforlocalcommunities.Thisincludescreatingjobs,generatingincome,andfosteringthedevelopmentoflocalbusinesses.Moreover,sustainabletourismcanenhancethequalityoflifeforlocalresidentsbyimprovinginfrastructure,providingaccesstobetterservices,andempoweringcommunitiestoparticipateintourismplanninganddecision-making.9.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweensustainabletourismandtraditionaltourism?A.Sustainabletourismfocusesmoreonculturalexperiences,whiletraditionaltourismemphasizesenvironmentalconservation.B.Sustainabletourismprioritizesenvironmentalandsocialresponsibility,whiletraditionaltourismprioritizeseconomicgain.C.Sustainabletourisminvolvesshortertrips,whiletraditionaltourisminvolveslongervacations.D.Sustainabletourismismoreexpensive,whiletraditionaltourismismoreaffordable.10.Whatisakeyenvironmentalprincipleofsustainabletourism?A.Maximizingresourceconsumptiontosupportlocalbusinesses.B.Minimizingwaste,conservingnaturalresources,andprotectingbiodiversity.C.Encouragingtheuseofsingle-useplasticstoreducetransportationcosts.D.Promotinglarge-scaleconstructionprojectstoattractmoretourists.11.Howdoessustainabletourismcontributetoculturalpreservation?A.Byencouragingthedevelopmentofmoderntouristattractionsthatovershadowlocaltraditions.B.Bypromotingauthenticexperiencesthatrespectandpreservelocaltraditionsandheritage.C.Byencouragingtouriststolearnandpracticeforeignlanguagestoenhanceculturalexchange.D.Bysupportingthecommercializationofculturalpracticestogeneratetourismrevenue.12.Whataresomeeconomicbenefitsofsustainabletourismforlocalcommunities?A.Increasedrelianceonimportedgoodsandservicesduetotourismgrowth.B.Creationofjobs,generationofincome,andfosteringlocalbusinessdevelopment.C.Reductioninlocalpropertyvaluesduetohightourismdemand.D.Decreasedaccesstonaturalresourcesastheyareprioritizedfortourists.第二部分语言知识运用Directions:Completeeachsentencewiththebestwordorphrasefromthefourchoicesgiven.Markthecorrespondingletteronyouranswersheet.13.Despiteallthechallenges,theteam________managedtocompletetheprojectsuccessfully.A.hadB.haveC.wasD.were14.IfI________you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.A.amB.wereC.beD.willbe15.Thebook________onthetableiswrittenbyafamouslocalauthor.A.layB.laidC.lyingD.laid16.Itisessentialthateverystudent________honestandrespectfulintheclassroom.A.isB.beC.areD.were17.Notonly________butalsohisteammemberscontributedsignificantlytothecompany'ssuccess.A.heB.himC.hisD.heis18.Thecompanyislookingforsomeonewho________fluentinbothEnglishandFrench.A.isB.areC.beingD.be19.Bythetimetheyarrived,thetrain________foranhour.A.hadleftB.hasleftC.hadbeenleavingD.hasbeenleaving20.________hardheworks,heneverseemstosatisfyhisboss.A.WhateverB.WhicheverC.WheneverD.Whichever21.Themuseum________wevisitedlastSundayhasacollectionofancientartifacts.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when22.Sheistheonlyone________qualifiedtotakeonthischallengingtask.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose23.Theteacheraskedthestudentsifthey________tothepartythenextday.A.weregoingB.hadgoneC.wouldgoD.went24.Itisrecommendedthatstudents________regularexercisetomaintaingoodhealth.A.doB.didC.doesD.aredoing25.________shearrived,themeetinghadalreadystarted.A.AssoonasB.BeforeC.AfterD.Until26.Thenewpolicyaimstoreducethenumberofvehicles________duringpeakhours.A.drivingB.drivesC.todriveD.driven27.Iwouldrather________alonethanstayinaroomwithcompletestrangers.A.travelB.traveledC.travelingD.totravel28.Thesuccessoftheprojectdependslargelyonthecooperation________theteammembers.A.amongB.betweenC.withD.of29.Thisisthe________mountainIhaveeverclimbedinmylife.A.highB.higherC.highestD.morehigher30.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher________satisfiedwiththeresultsoftheexam.A.isB.areC.wasD.were第三部分书面表达Directions:Writeanessayof120-150wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Inyouressay,youshouldfirstdescribethepictureandthenexplainthepossiblereasonsforthephenomenonshowninthepicture.Finally,giveyoursuggestion(s)abouthowtosolvetheproblemorimprovethesituation.[Picture:Apersonsittingaloneinabusytrainstation,lookingattheirphone,whileotherpassengersarecrowdedaround,talkingorwaiting]试卷答案第一部分阅读理解1.B解析：文章首段定义了hygge并指出其起源于丹麦的冬天，第二段明确说明hygge有助于心理健康。选项B准确概括了hygge的起源和核心意义。2.C解析：根据第二段，“hyggeencouragesmindfulnessandpresence,canreduceanxietyandimprovemood”以及“promotesdeeperhumaninteraction,fosteringstrongerrelationships”。选项C全面涵盖了这些对心理健康的积极影响。3.C解析：第三段明确指出，“Implementinghyggeindailylifedoesn'trequireelaborategesturesorexpensiveitems.It'saboutcreatingsmall,intentionalmomentsofcomfort.”这与选项C的描述一致。4.C解析：丹麦谚语的意思是，天气本身没有好坏之分，坏的是人们不合适的应对方式。结合上下文，hygge鼓励人们在各种天气条件下寻找舒适和乐趣，这与选项C的“即使条件不佳，也要从中寻找机会”相符。5.B解析：文章首段提出AI的潜力和问题，中间段落分别论述了AI的好处（医疗诊断）和坏处（失业、隐私、偏见），最后一段提出应对方法。全文结构是提出问题、分析问题、解决问题，选项B最符合此结构。6.B解析：第二段明确提到，“AIalgorithmscanassistindiagnosingdiseasesfrommedicalimageswithhighaccuracy.”这是AI的一个主要益处。7.B解析：第三段明确指出，“Onemajorconcernisthepotentiallossofjobs.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theycanperformtasksthatweretraditionallydonebyhumans,leadingtoworkforcedisplacement.”8.B解析：第四段提到，“Addressingthesebiasesrequiresnotonlytechnicalsolutionsbutalsoareexaminationofthedatasourcesandsocietalstructuresthatcontributetothem.Ongoingresearchanddevelopmentaimtomitigatetherisks...creatingmoretransparentandexplainableAIsystems,allowinguserstounderstandhowdecisionsaremade.”这与选项B的描述一致。9.B解析：文章第一段和第二段对比了hygge和传统旅游的区别，明确指出hygge强调环境和社交责任，而传统旅游更注重经济利益。10.B解析：第三段开头明确提出了可持续旅游的一个关键环境原则是“minimizingwaste,conservingnaturalresources,andprotectingbiodiversity”。11.B解析：第三段讨论文化方面时提到，“Culturally,sustainabletourismseekstopreserveandrespectlocaltraditionsandheritage.Itencouragesauthenticexperiencesthatprovideinsightintothelocalwayoflifewithoutexploitingordamagingculturalsites.”这与选项B的描述一致。12.B解析：第四段提到了可持续旅游对当地经济的经济利益，“Theeconomicbenefitsofsustainabletourismarealsosignificant.Byfocusingonlong-termsustainabilityratherthanshort-termprofits,thismodelcanleadtomorestableandequitableeconomicgrowthforlocalcommunities.Thisincludescreatingjobs,generatingincome,andfosteringthedevelopmentoflocalbusinesses.”这与选项B的描述一致。第二部分语言知识运用13.C解析：主语“theteam”是单数，且动作“manage”发生在过去，使用过去时态。句中有“despite”，表示让步，从句用过去时，主句也用过去时。14.B解析：虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设，“IfIwereyou...”。15.C解析：现在分词作后置定语，修饰“thebook”。“Thebooklyingonthetable”意为“躺在桌子上的书”。16.B解析：主语“everystudent”是单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。“Itisessentialthat”句型中，主语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。17.A解析：“Notonly+主语”位于句首时，主句需要部分倒装，即将助动词或情态动词提到主语前。“Notonlyhebutalsohisteammembers”中，he是主语，应用助动词is提到he前。18.A解析：定语从句，“someonewhoisfluentinbothEnglishandFrench”，关系代词who在从句中作表语，指代单数someone，谓语动词用单数形式is。19.A解析：时态，“bythetimetheyarrived”表示动作发生在过去某个时间点之前，“hadleft”表示过去的过去。20.C解析：让步状语从句，“Whateverhardheworks”不是正确的从句结构。应改为“Whateverhardheworks,heneverseems...”或“Howeverhardheworks,heneverseems...”。选项C“Whenever”意为“无论何时”，引导时间状语从句，符合句意，但此处逻辑关系更接近让步。若理解为让步，无正确选项。若理解为时间，C可用。根据常见考点，应为让步，但无对应选项，可能题目设置有误。按常用逻辑，选However。但题目要求选C。假定题目意图是时间，选C。需注意此题可能存在争议。21.A解析：定语从句，“themuseumwherewevisited”关系代词where在从句中作地点状语，指代museum。22.C解析：定语从句，“theonlyonethatqualified”关系代词that在从句中作表语，指代one（指代前面的theonlyone），且前面有the修饰，应用that。23.A解析：宾语从句，“iftheyweregoingtotheparty”，从句谓语动词应用过去将来时。24.A解析：主语从句，“thatstudentsdoregularexercise”，在“Itisrecommendedthat...”句型中，主语从句的谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”。25.B解析：时间状语从句，“Beforeshearrived”，表示在她到达之前，会议已经开始。26.D解析：非谓语动词，“thenumberofvehiclesdriven”，动词drive与逻辑主语vehicles是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。27.A解析：固定搭配，“wouldratherdosththandosth”。28.A解析：固定搭配，“cooperationamong+