2026年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解 专项提升 考点分类练11 主旨大意题（二）

考点分类练（十一）主旨大意题（2）

Passage1（2025山东泰安二模）

主题:暖心故事词数:352

难度：★★★☆☆限时:7分钟

TuanPhamwasfeelingprettygoodabouthimselfasheapproachedthe12-milemarkof

theLongBeachHalfMarathoninSouthernCalifornia.TherunonOct.15,2023wasthe47-

year-old,sseventhsuchevent,andhecouldn'twaittocelebrateatthefinishlinewithhis

teenageson,whohadracedahead.Phamtookanothersteportwo,andthatwasthelastthing

heremembers.

Hehadnopulse,norwashebreathing.Threeblockedarteries（动脉）hadledtodoinghim

in.Hewasclinicallydead.Ifhedidn'tgethelpsoon,he'dbeofficiallydead.

TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaystheoddsofsurvivingaheartattackoutsideofa

hospitalarelessthan12%.Pham,sonlychanceofsurvivalwasifsomeone,say,a

cardiologist,happenedtopassby.

JustasPhamhittheground,RyanChiu,acardiothoracicsurgeonfromMemorialCare

LongBeachMedicalCenter,wasleavingarestaurantafewfeetaway.Dr.Chiuimmediately

recognizedwhatwashappening.HerantoPham'ssideandbeganchestcompressions（挤

IE）.Heaskedforthehelpofabystander,whotookoveroncompressionswhileDr.Chiu

calledhishospitalandtoldthemtoprepareanoperatingroomandgatherasurgicalteam.

Minuteslater,anambulancearrived.MedicsscoopecupPhamandspedhimawaytothe

hospital,withDr.Chiufollowinginhisowncar.ThcsurgerythatDr.Chiuperformedwasa

success,andPhamisaliveandwell—wellenoughtoreturntotherouteoftheLongBeach

HalfMarathonandpickupwhereheleftoff.

Phamlikelywouldn'thavehadthatopportunityifprovidencehadn'tsteppedin.After

brunch,Chiu'sfriendaskedhimtostayafewmoreminutessotheycouldtakeintheocean

view.IfChiuhadlefttherestaurantwhenhe'dintended,hewouldneverhavewitnessedPham

falling.441can'tbelievetheoneguy,thefirstguy,toseemefall,toshowupandgiveme

help,wasacardiacsurgeon,wPhamtoldThePosLWhataretheodds?”

l.WhathappenedtoPhamv/henheapproachedthefinishlineduringahalfMarathon?

A.Hepassedoutwithaheartattack.

B.Hebroketheregulationsoftherace.

C.Hegotinjuredandfelltotheground.

D.Hecelebratedhisvictorywithhisson.

2.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeRyanChiu?

A.Wiseandgenerous.

B.Kindandprofessional.

C.Energeticandlucky.

D.Humbleandwarm-hearted.

3.WhydidDr.Chiustayalittlelongerintherestaurant?

A.Hemetanoldfriend.

B.Heforgottopaythebill.

C.Hewaitedformoredeliciousdishes.

D.Hewasaskedtoappreciatethescenery.

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.PerfectTiming

B.Pham'sLuckyDay

C.AnActofKindness

D.AnIncidentintheRace

Passage2（2025河北秦皇岛5月模拟）

主题:文化遗址词数:342

难度:★★★☆☆限时:7分钟

Constructionworkersrecentlyfoundtheruinsofalargepyramidbesideahighwayin

Mexico.Afterdiscoveringthesite,researcherscollectedmanyancientobjectsthatwillbe

studiedintheirlaboratoriesoverthecomingmonths.ThestructurewasfoundinJune2024

duringhighwayexpansionworkinHidalgo,centralMexico.Thcdiscoveryhappenedby

chanceasworkerswereaddingathirdlanetothefederalhighway,showinghowancient

siruciurescanstillbefoundduringmodernconstruciionprojects.

ScientistsfromMexico'sNationalInstituteofAnthropologyandHistorywenttostudy

thesite.Theyuseddronestotakepicturesandcollected155items,includingpiecesof

pottery,stonetools,andshclls.Toprotecttheoldbuilding,theybuiltalargewallaroundthe

pyramid,whichis43meterslongand11.7metershigh.

ThepyramidispartofanoldsettlementcalledSanMiguel,builtbetween650CE一1519

CE.Theareawasruledbythe“Metzcalordship”,whichinfluencedtheregionuntilthe

1500s.Peoplehavelivedinthisregionforaverylongtime,withtheoldestsettlementsdating

backatleast14,000years.Thisshowsthatmanydifferentgroupsofpeoplehavelivedhere

overthousandsofyears.

ScientistskeepfindinghiddenancientbuildingsinMexicoandotherpartsofthe

Americas.ManydiscoveriesaremadeusingLiDAR,atechnologythatuseslaserlighttosee

thingsconcealedunderplantsandtrees.Thistoolhelpsarchaeologists（考古学家）findold

structuresthattheycouldn'tseejustbylookingattheground.

Lastyear,researchersusedLiDARtofindan18-kilometerroadthatconnectedancient

Mayacitiesover1,200yearsago.InGuatemala,theyalsodiscoveredapreviouslyunknown

Mayacivilizationwith964settlementsconnectedby177kilometersofancientroads.These

findingsshowthattheAmericashadcomplexandthrivingsocietieslongbeforeEuropean

settlersarrived.Thediscoveriesremindushowadvancedtheseancientcivilizations

were,thoughtheirdevelopmentwaslaterinterruptedbycolonization.Eachnewdiscovery

helpsbuildamorecompletepictureoftheseremarkableancientsocieties.

5.Whatactiondidscientiststakefirstafterdiscoveringthesite?

A.Theyrestoredthepyramid.

B.Theycontactedlocalauthorities.

C.Theyremovedallartifacts.

D.Thcyphotographedthesite.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concealed"inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Ancient.B.Hidden.

C.Risky.D.Connected.

7.Whatdoestheauthorconveyinthelastparagraph?

A.Mayacivilizationwasprimitive.

B.Europeansettlersimprovedlocallife.

C.AncientAmericashadadvancedsocieties.

D.Modemtechnologysurpassesancientwisdom.

8.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Mexicobuildsnewhighways

B.Ancientruinsneedprotection

C.Unexpecteddiscoveryrevealspastcivilization

D.Moderntechnologyhelpsarchaeologicalwork

Passage3（2025重庆三模）

主题:气候变化与环境保护词数:340

难度：★★★☆☆限时:7分钟

Anewstudy,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyof

Sciences,concludesthatproperreductionsinbeefproduction,particularlyinwealthier

nations,couldsignificantlyslowdownclimatechangebyallowingforeststoregrowon

formergrasslands.

Thestudyusedremotesensingtechnologytomapgrasslandproductivityandestimate

benefitsofreducingbeefproduction,findingthatrestoringallpotentiallyforestedgrasslands

globallycouldstore445gigatonsofCO2by2100~equaltotheamountoffossilfuel

emissions（排放）overadecade.

44Wecanachieveenonnousclimatebenefitswithproperchangestothetotalglobalbeef

production,**saysMatthewN.Hayek,anassistantprofessorinNewYorkUniversity's

environmentalstudiesdepartment.44Byfocusingonregionswithpotentiallyhighcarbon

sequestration（隔离）inforests,somerestorationstrategiescouldmaximizeclimatebenefits

whileminimizingchangestofoodsupplies.,,

Theteamseehigh-andupper-middle-incomecountriesaspossiblecandidatesforforest

restoration,wheregrassgrowsonlyduringashortgrowingseason.Theseregions,suchasparts

ofNorthAmericaandEuropc,havcsomecurrentgrasslandsthatdonotproducemuchgrass

peracre,andthushavethepotentialtogrowthickforestsabletoabsorbalotofcarbon.In

contrastjower-incomeregionslikesub-SaharanAfricaandSouthAmerica,wheremuchmore

grasscangrowyear-round,cancontributetobalancingreducedproductionelsewhere.

Matthewacknowledgedthatreforestationcannotreplacecuttingdownonfossilfuel

pollution,butworkstogetherwithittohelpfightclimatechange/4Inmanyplaces,this

regrowthcouldoccurnaturallywithoutanyhumaninvolveinent.Howeverjnsome

places,withespeciallydamagedenvironmentsorsoils,nativeanddiversetree-plantingcould

giveregrowthahelpinghand,“saysMatthew.

Althoughthefindingsdonotcallforextremechangestoglobalfoodproduction,the

teamemphasizesthatimmediateactionisessentialtomeetclimategoals.Targetedpolicies

arecalledfortoprioritizeforestrecoveryinhigh-impactareas-forinstance,byofferingbeef

producersrewardsforforestlandconservationorpurchasingtheircompanyshares.

9.Whyis“445gigatonsofCOz^mentionedinparagraph2?

A.Toclarifyaspecificclimategoalby210().

B.Toquantifythebenefitsofgrasslandrecovery.

C.Toshowthedifficultyofcuttingfossilfueluse.

D.Tohighlighttheroleofremotesensingtechnology.

lO.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthegrasslandsinsub-SaharanAfricaandSouthAmerica?

A.Theyareidealforreforestation.

B.Theyhaveashortgrowingseason.

C.Theyareexpectedtofeedmoreanimals.

D.Thcyhavealowcapacityforcarbonabsorption.

11.Whatpolicyissuggestedforforestrecovery?

A.Limitingbeefexports.

B.Increasingagriculturaltaxes.

C.Providingfinancialbenefits.

□.Introducingadvancedtechnology.

12.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TargetedBeefCutsBringClimateBenefits

B.GrasslandExpansionEndsCarbonEmissions

C.GlobalFoodProductionMustDecreaseSignificantly

D.BeefIndustryGrowthPromotesEnvironmentalHealth

答案:

Passage1

【语篇导读】本文是一篇化叙文。文章主要讲述了Pham在半程马拉松比赛中突发心

脏病，被心脏外科医生Chiu及时救治的故事。

1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“TherunonOct.15,2023wasthe47-year-old'sseventh

suchevent,andhecouldn'twaittocelebrateatthefinishlinewithhisteenageson,whohad

racedahead.Phamtookanothersteporiwo,andthatwasihelastthingheremembers.”和第二

段中“Hehadnopulse,norwashebreathing.Thrceblockedarterieshadledtodoinghim

in.Hewasclinicallydead.”可知,Pham在接近半程马拉松终点线时突发心脏病晕倒了。

2.B推理判断题。根据第四段中“Dr.Chiuimmediatelyrecognizedwhatwas

happening.HerantoPham'ssideandbeganchestcompressions.Heaskedforthehelpofa

bystander,whotookoveroncompressionswhileDr.Chiucalledhishospitalandtold(hemto

prepareanoperatingroomandgatherasurgicalteam.”可知,RyanChiu既善良又专业，在紧

急情况下能够迅速做出反应并提供专业的医疗救助。

3.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Afterbrunch,Chiu'sfriendaskedhimtostayafew

moreminutessotheycouldtakeintheoceanview.”可知,Chiu医生在餐厅多待了一会儿是

因为他被要求欣赏风景。

4.A主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是由文章最后一段可知，文章主要讲述了Pham在半

程马拉松比赛中突发心脏病，而心脏外科医生Chiu恰好路过并及时救治了他的故事。

这个故事强调了时机的重要性，即Chiu医生在正确的时间出现在了正确的地点,从而挽

救了Pham的生命。因此,A项“PerfectTiming”最符合文章的主旨。故选A项。

提分干货

高频1.survival〃.继续生存，幸存

词汇2.ambulance〃.救护车

1.can'twaittodo迫不及待做...

重点2.happentodo碰巧做...

短语3.takeover接管;接替

4.speedaway快速送离;疾驰而去

HeaskedforthehelpofabystandenwhotookoveroncompressionswhileDr.Chiu

calledhishospitalandtoldthemtoprepareanoperatingroomandgatherasurgical

难句team.

分析分析:本句为复合句。whotookoveroncompressions为who引导的定语从

句;whileDr.Chiucalledhishospitalandtoldthemtoprepareanoperatingroom

andgatherasurgicalteain为while引导的时间状语从句。

译文:他向一位旁观者求助，这位旁观者接手进行按压，而。向医生打电话给医

院让其准备手术室并召集手术团队。

Passage2

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了建筑工人在墨西哥修建公路时偶然

发现了一座金字塔遗址，科学家们对其进行研究，还介绍了利用现代技术在美洲不断发现

古代建筑遗址，这些发现揭示了过去的文明。

5.D细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theyuseddronestotakepicturesandcollected155

items,includingpiecesofpottery,stonelook,andshells.“可知，科学家发现这个地点后首先

拍摄了现场。

6.B词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Thistoolhelpsarchaeologistsfindoldstructuresthat

theycouldn'tseejustbylookingattheground.“可知，科学家们不断发现隐藏的古建筑，而

LiDAR技术是用来看到隐藏在植物和树木下的东西的，故画线词意思是“隐藏的”。

7.C推理判断题°根据最后一段可知，最后一段表达了古代美洲有先进的社会.

易错点拨:本题易错选D项。最后一段的核心是古代美洲社会的发达程度（如玛雅道路

网、复杂定居点），而非现代技术与古代智慧的对比。D项的“Moderntechnology”（现代技

术）虽提到LiDAR,但这是研究手段，而非作者要传达的结论。

8.C主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Constructionworkersrecentlyfoundtheruinsofalarge

pyramidbesideahighwayinMexico.ATierdiscoveringthesite,researcherscollectedmany

ancientobjectsthatwillbestudiedintheirlaboratoriesoverthecomingmonths.”并结合文章

主要讲述了建筑工人在墨西哥修建公路时偶然发现了一座金字塔遗址，科学家们对其进

行研究，还介绍了利用现代技术在美洲不断发现古代建筑遗址，这些发现揭示了过去的文

明。可知,C项“意外的发现揭示了过去的文明”最符合文章标题。

提分干货

1.ruins〃.遗迹;废墟

高频2.civilization几文明

词汇3.interruptX中断;打断

4.thriving4力•.繁荣的;兴盛的

熟词

picture（生）〃.全貌，图景（熟），.图片，照片

生义

重点l.bychance偶然地;意外地

短语2.dateback（to）追溯到;始于

Thediscoveryhappenedbychanceasworkerswereaddingathirdlanetothe

难句

federalhighway,showinghowancientstructurescanstillbefoundduringmodern

分析

constructionprojects.

分析:本句为复合句。asworkerswereaddingathirdlanetothefederalhighway

为as引导的时间状语从句;showinghowancientstructurescanstillbefound

duringmodernconstructionprojects为现在分词短语作状语，其中又包含how

难句

弓1导的宾语从句howancientstructurescanstillbefoundduringmodern

分析

constructionprojectso

译文:这一发现是在工人为联邦公路增加第三条车道时偶然发生的，表明在现

代建设项目中仍有可能发现古代建筑。

Passage3

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究表明适当减少牛肉产量,

尤其是在较富裕国家，可减缓气候变化。

9.B推理判断题。根据第二段可知，第二段提到“4450亿吨二氧化碳”是为了量化草原

恢复的好处。

10.C细节理解题。根据第四段中“Incontrastjower-incomeregionslike