2025届浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三下学期二模英语试题含听力（解析版）

第第页2025届浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三下学期二模英语试题(含听力）一、答案是C。1．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Keepherfigure.B．Makenutritiousfillings.C．Treatthemantoameal.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Let'sgoandexploreChinesedumplings.TheyarenutritiouswithawidevarietyoffillingsW:Okay,butI'mwatchingmywaistline.Dumplingsarefattening,soI'ljusthaveabiteofeach.

【分析】问题：女发言人想做什么？根据"Okay,butI'mwatchingmywaistline."好啊，但我在控制体重呢。可知，女发言人想保持身材。故选A。

【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意留意转折信息，转折信息往往对话中的重要内容，因为它们可能改变句子的意思或引入新的信息。因此，在听录音时，要注意听清转折词，如"but"、"however"等，以便准确理解对话的含义。2．Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A．At6p.m. B．At5p.m. C．At4p.m.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iknowwe'resupposedtomeetat5p.m.inthelibrary,butsomethingcameupunexpectedly.Wouldyoumindpostponingourmeetingbyanhour?M:Notatall.Myscheduleisveryflexibleafterthe4p.m.class.

【分析】问题：两位发言人什么时候见面？根据"Iknowwe'resupposedtomeetat5p.m.inthelibrary"我知道我们原计划下午5点在图书馆见面；以及"Wouldyoumindpostponingourmeetingbyanhour?"你介意把我们的见面推迟一个小时吗？；以及"Notatall."一点也不介意。可知，两位发言人的见面时间为下午六点。故选A。

【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意逻辑推理判断，在英语听力短对话中，有时需要根据对话中的信息进行逻辑推理判断。例如，根据对话中的上下文推断某个词汇的具体含义，或者根据对话中的信息判断某个观点的正确与否。这些逻辑推理判断能力的提高，将有助于你更准确地理解对话内容并作出正确的选择。3．Wheredidthemangolastnight?A．Pat'shouse. B．Acinema. C．Amusichall.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:DidPatcomewithyouguyslastnight?M:Actually,hedidn'tashehadseenthemoviebefore.W:Sohejuststayedathome,then?M:No,hewenttoaconcertinstead.

【分析】问题：男发言人昨晚去了哪里？根据"DidPatcomewithyouguyslastnight?"帕特昨晚和你们一起来了吗？；以及"Actually,hedidn'tashehadseenthemoviebefore."实际上，他没来，因为他之前已经看过这部电影了。可知，男发言人昨晚去了电影院。故选B。

【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：意排除干扰信息，在听力短对话中，往往存在一些与题目无关或误导性的信息。在解题时，要学会排除这些干扰信息，专注于与题目相关的内容，从而避免被误导。4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Employingnewstaff. B．completingaform. C．Orderingsupplies.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Weareoutofbusinesscardsandwehavesomenewemployeesbeginningsoon.Isuggestwehavebusinesscardsreadywhentheyarrive.W:Goodidea.CanyoupleasesendmetheorderformsoIcandouble-checkit?

【分析】问题：两位发言人主要在谈论什么？根据"Weareoutofbusinesscardsandwehavesomenewemployeesbeginningsoon.Isuggestwehavebusinesscardsreadywhentheyarrive."我们的名片用完了，而且很快会有一些新员工入职。我建议在他们入职时，我们能准备好名片。可知，两位发言人主要在谈论招聘新员工的事宜。故选C。

【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意理解主旨大意，听力短对话通常会有一个明确的主旨或中心思想。在听力过程中，要时刻关注对话的开头和结尾部分，这些地方往往隐藏着对话的主旨大意。同时，通过对话中的关键词汇和语境，你也可以推断出对话的主题和要点。5．Whatisthewoman'smainconcerninbuyingtickets?A．Thedate. B．Theperformer. C．Theseat.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ticketsareavailableforthe5thinthebackandthe7thinthefirstrow.W:Awesome!I'llchoosethelatter.M:It'sjustthattheleadactor'sdifferentonthe7th.W:Oh,we'dbetterforgetthatday!

【分析】问题：女发言人买票时主要关心的是什么？根据"It'sjustthattheleadactor'sdifferentonthe7th."只是7号那天的主演不一样。以及"Oh,we'dbetterforgetthatday!"哦，那我们最好不选那天了！可知，女发言人买票时主要关心的是表演者。故选B。

【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意理解言外之意，有时，对话中的言外之意比字面意思更重要。因此，在听录音时，要注意理解说话者的隐含意图和言外之意，以便更准确地回答问题。二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whatisthenoticeabout?A．Aflexibleleavepolicy.B．Detailsofusingvacationtime.C．Theprocedureofaskingforleave.7．WhatwillTeddofirst?A．completeaproject.B．Takeavacation.C．Havehisteethchecked.【答案】6．A7．C【解析】【原文】M:Mrs.Boyle,Ineedtotakesometimeofffromwork.IreallyneedtoseethedentistonWednesdayorThursday.W:That'sfine,Ted.Bytheway,themanagementjustreleasedanoticethat,insteadofusingyourvacationtime,youcancomeinearlyorstaylate.M:Oh,that'sgreat.I'vebeentryingtosavemyvacationtimeforabigtripthatIplantotakeafterthisprojectisoverinthefollowingmonth.W:Oh,that'llbeperfectforyouthen.Justmakesureyoutellyourmanagerinadvanceaboutit

【分析】本段长对话主要围绕泰德请假一事展开交谈。

【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意预测对话主题，在听录音前，快速浏览题目和选项，根据提供的信息预测对话的主题和可能涉及的内容。这有助于考生在听录音时更有针对性地捕捉关键信息，提高解题效率。注意抓住关键信息，在听录音时，要注意抓住关键信息，如人名、地名、数字、时间等。这些信息往往是回答问题的关键所在，考生需要特别留意。同时，还要注意对话中的重点句子和段落，它们通常包含了对话的核心内容。6．问题：这则通知是关于什么的？根据"Bytheway,themanagementjustreleasedanoticethat,insteadofusingyourvacationtime,youcancomeinearlyorstaylate."顺便说一下，管理层刚刚发布了一个通知，你可以选择提前来上班或加班来代替使用你的休假时间。可知，这则通知是关于一项灵活的请假政策。故选A。7．问题：泰德首先会做什么？根据"Mrs.Boyle,Ineedtotakesometimeofffromwork.IreallyneedtoseethedentistonWednesdayorThursday."博伊尔夫人，我需要请几天假。我真的需要在周三或周四去看牙医。可知，泰德将首先检查牙齿。故选C。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．WhocouldJanemostprobablybe?A．Abicyclemechanic. B．Afitnessinstructor. C．Asportscoach.9．WhatdoesKeithwanttoknowabout?A．Aclasstimetable.B．Acustomizedservice.C．Aweightliftingclass.10．WhydoesJaneaskKeithtowait?A．Shehastoaskforapproval.B．Sheisgoingtotakeaclass.C．Sheneedstocheckaschedule.【答案】8．B9．B10．C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,hi,Keith.Inoticeyouhaven'tbeencomingtomycyclingclasslately.Istheresomethingwrong?M:Hi,Jane.MyworkschedulechangedsonowIexerciseintheeveningsinsteadofthemornings.ButIdomissyourclass.Doyouofferpersonaltraining?I'dlovetohaveyouleadjustmethroughatailoredcyclingroutineonceaweekorso.W:I'dbehappytodothat.Great.HowaboutonThursdays?Thatcouldwork.CouldyouwaitamomentwhileIgotomydesktoreviewmycalendar?M:Sure.I'llbeliftingweightsoverhereforawhile.

【分析】本段长对话话中，男发言人因工作时间调整无法参加晨间骑行课，希望改为每周一次私人定制课程，女发言人同意并协商具体时间。

【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意边听边做笔记，在听录音时，考生可以尝试边听边做笔记，记录关键信息和重要细节。这有助于考生在回答问题时迅速回忆起相关信息，避免遗漏或混淆。做笔记时，要简洁明了，重点突出，避免记录过多无关信息。注意识别重复和强调，在对话中，重复和强调往往是对话者想要传达的重要信息。考生要注意识别这些表达方式，并重点关注这些信息。同时，也要注意对话者的语气和语调变化，它们也可以帮助考生识别重要信息。注意理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。8．问题：简最有可能是谁？根据"Hi,Jane.MyworkschedulechangedsonowIexerciseintheeveningsinsteadofthemornings.ButIdomissyourclass.Doyouofferpersonaltraining?"嗨，简。我的工作时间表变了，所以现在我改成晚上锻炼，而不是早上了。但我真的很想念你的课。你提供私人训练吗？可知，简最有可能是一名健身教练。故选B。9．问题：基思想了解什么？根据"I'dlovetohaveyouleadjustmethroughatailoredcyclingroutineonceaweekorso."我希望你能大概每周为我量身设计一次骑行课程。可知，基思想了解一项定制的课程服务。故选B。10．问题：简为什么让基思等一下？根据"CouldyouwaitamomentwhileIgotomydesktoreviewmycalendar?"你能等我一会儿吗，我去桌子那查看一下我的日程表。可知，简让基思等一下是为了查看自己的日程安排。故选C。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Ataninformationcenter.B．Atacheck-incounter.C．Onaplane.12．Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A．Payextrafees.B．Takeacarry-onbag.C．Reducethenumberofbags.13．Whatistheman'sopinionaboutthepriceofhisticket?A．High. B．Reasonable. C．Low.【答案】11．B12．A13．C【解析】【原文】W:Nextplease!Hellosir,mayIseeyourpassportplease?M:Yes,hereyougo.W:Willyoubecheckinganybags?M:Yes,I'dliketocheckthreepieces.W:I'msorry,sir.Airlinepolicyallowsonlytwopiecesofcheckedluggage,attwentykilogramseach,plusonepieceofcarry-onluggage.Iwillhavetochargeyoufortheadditionalsuitcase.M:What?Why?Iamtakinganintercontinentalflight!I'mflyingsixteenthousandkms!HowamIsupposedtoonlytaketwotwenty-kilobags?W:Iamsorry,sir,there'snothingIcando.Youcannotboardtheflightwiththatlargebageither.Carry-onbagsmustfitintheoverheadshelforunderyourseat.Thatbagisclearlytoobig.M:NowIsee.Youchargenexttonothingforaninternationalticket,butwhenitcomestochargingforanyothersmallthings,youchargeanarmandaleg!

【分析】本段长对话中，乘客因行李超限与工作人员争执，不满航空公司行李政策及额外收费。

【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意理解细节与逻辑，听力材料中的细节信息是构建完整故事或论述的基础。在听的过程中，保持对细节的敏感度，同时理解它们之间的逻辑关系，如因果关系、转折关系等，有助于更准确地把握文章内容和回答细节类问题。注意听后连贯记忆检查，完成所有题目后，利用短暂的时间进行连贯记忆检查。回顾听力内容的主要框架和关键信息点，确保你的理解和答案是连贯且一致的。这有助于发现并纠正可能的错误或遗漏。11．问题：这段对话发生在哪里？根据"Nextplease!Hellosir,mayIseeyourpassportplease?"下一位！您好，先生，请出示您的护照好吗？可知，这段对话发生在在值机柜台。故选B。12．问题：女发言人要求男发言人做什么？根据"Iwillhavetochargeyoufortheadditionalsuitcase."您多出来的这件行李需要额外收费。可知，女发言人要求男发言人支付额外费用。故选A。13．问题：男发言人对他机票的价格有什么看法？根据"Youchargenexttonothingforaninternationalticket,"你们国际机票卖得很便宜。可知，男发言人认为他的机票价格很低。故选C。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14．WhatisthemostchallengingaspectofwritingforJessicanow?A．Havingherworkdoneontime.B．Findingtherightwordstoshareherideas.C．Beinginahurrytotraveltodifferentplaces.15．WhatdidJessicaoncedo?A．Shesoldmake-upgoods.B．Sheworkedasatourguide.C．Shepromotednewproducts.16．WhatisJessica'sadviceforthosewantingtobetravelwriters?A．Findinganewanglefortheirtopic.B．Developingtheirownwritingstyles.C．Focusingonplacesrarelywrittenaboutbefore.17．WhatdoesJessicaplantodointhefuture?A．Startatravelagency.B．Continuetraveling.C．DosomeTVwork.【答案】14．A15．C16．A17．B【解析】【原文】M:WithmetodayisJessicaTait,oneofCanada'smostpopulartravelwriters.Jessica,what'sthebiggestchallengeforyouinthewritingprocess?W:Well,Iusedtobeaveryslowwriter.Ihadtothinkabouteachwordverycarefully.I'mmuchbetternowbutwritingwithtightdeadlinescanbeahugechallengeforme.That'smainlybecauseIhatehurrying.Iwanttoreallyexploretheessenceofanewplace.M:Haveyoueverdoneotherwork?W:BeforeIstartedtravelwriting,Iworkedbrieflyinpublicityforvariousnewproducts.Ioncegaveoutfreemake-uponthestreetsofMontreal.M:Doyouhaveanytipsforthosedreamingofbecomingatravelwriterlikeyou?W:Well,youneedtotakeafreshpointofviewonanoldsubject.Manyoftheplacesyou'llwriteabouthavebeendonebefore,soyouneedtofindsomethingnewthat'llgrabyourreaders'attention.M:Finally,Jessica,whatdoyouseeforyourselfinthefuture?W:Well,I'vebeenofferedTVwork,butitdoesn'tattractme.IguessIcan'tseemyselfeverstopbeingonthemove.I'msuretheappealoftheunknownwillalwaysbethereformeevenwhenI'mnolongerabletomaketravelmybusiness.

【分析】本段长对话中，旅行作家Jessica分享写作挑战、职业经历及未来规划。

【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意排除干扰选项，在听力长对话中，干扰选项是常见的。考生要学会根据对话内容和题目要求排除这些干扰项，以便更准确地找到正确答案。在排除干扰项时，要注意对比各选项之间的差异和联系，找出与对话内容最符合的选项。注意理解主旨大意，听力长对话通常会有一个明确的主旨或中心思想。在听力过程中，要时刻关注对话的开头和结尾部分，这些地方往往隐藏着对话的主旨大意。同时，通过对话中的关键词汇和语境，你也可以推断出对话的主题和要点。注意逻辑推理判断，在英语听力长对话中，有时需要根据对话中的信息进行逻辑推理判断。例如，根据对话中的上下文推断某个词汇的具体含义，或者根据对话中的信息判断某个观点的正确与否。这些逻辑推理判断能力的提高，将有助于你更准确地理解对话内容并作出正确的选择。14．问题：现在对杰西卡来说，写作最具挑战性的方面是什么？根据"I'mmuchbetternowbutwritingwithtightdeadlinescanbeahugechallengeforme."现在我好多了，但要在紧迫的期限内完成写作对我来说是个巨大的挑战。可知，现在对杰西卡来说，写作最具挑战性的方面是按时完成她的作品。故选A。15．问题：杰西卡曾经做过什么？根据"BeforeIstartedtravelwriting,Iworkedbrieflyinpublicityforvariousnewproducts."在开始从事旅行写作之前，我曾短时间为各种新产品做过宣传工作。可知，杰西卡曾经推销过新产品。故选C。16．问题：对于那些想成为旅行作家的人，杰西卡有什么建议？根据"Well,youneedtotakeafreshpointofviewonanoldsubject."可知，杰西卡给那些想成为旅行作家的人的建议是为他们的主题找到新的视角。故选A。17．问题：杰西卡未来有什么计划？根据"IguessIcan'tseemyselfeverstopbeingonthemove.I'msuretheappealoftheunknownwillalwaysbethereformeevenwhenI'mnolongerabletomaketravelmybusiness."我想我无法想象自己会停止四处奔波。我相信未知的魅力对我来说将永远存在，即使我不能再以旅行为业。可知，杰西卡未来的计划是继续旅行。故选B。听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18．Whatshouldbeofferedtotakepartinthecompetition?A．Theentryfee. B．Arecipe. C．Adessert.19．Howmanyentrieswillbefirstpickedout?A．15. B．8. C．3.20．Whatwillthewinnerberewardedwith?A．Thepositionofchef.B．Acertificateofachievement.C．Theopportunitytogetpublicity.【答案】18．B19．A20．C【解析】【原文】M:OK,herearethedetailsofourcompetitiontofindthebestamateurchefintheregion.Toenter,youhavetosendinamaincourseanddessertrecipewithingredientsthatcostlessthan£10perperson.Fromtherecipessentin,thecommitteeconsistingof8judgeswilldrawupashortlistof15participants.They'llbeaskedtocomealongtoPandorasRestaurantandcooktheirrecipesforthepanelofjudgesandpayingcustomers,withtheassistanceoftherestaurant'schef.Thejudgeswillthenchoosethreepeopletogoforwardtothefinal.Thefinalthreewillbeaskedtocreateathree-courserecipeandcookitattherestaurant.Thejudgeswillthenchoosethewinner.Thewinnerwillhavethechancetoparticipateinamasterclasswithawell-knownchef.Andaninterviewwillbeshowcasedinapopularcookingmagazine.Theothertwowillalsoreceiveacertificateofachievement.Don'tmissoutonthisincredibleopportunitytoshowyourskills.【分析】本段独白主要介绍了业余厨师比赛规则介绍，包括选拔流程、决赛安排及奖项设置。

【点评】考查独白理解。注意：注意听后连贯记忆检查，完成所有题目后，利用短暂的时间进行连贯记忆检查。回顾听力内容的主要框架和关键信息点，确保你的理解和答案是连贯且一致的。这有助于发现并纠正可能的错误或遗漏。注意边听边记要点，由于独白内容连贯且信息量大，仅凭记忆难以全面把握。因此，边听边记要点成为一项重要的解题技巧。可以使用简写、符号或图形等方式快速记录关键信息，如数字、时间、人名、地名以及表示因果、转折等关系的词汇。这有助于你在听后迅速回顾并整理信息。注意整体理解内容，不要试图逐字逐句地理解独白内容，而是要努力把握整体结构和主旨大意。通过捕捉关键信息点和逻辑关系，将听到的信息串联起来，形成对独白的整体理解。这有助于你更准确地回答问题，特别是那些需要综合判断和信息整合的题目。18．问题：参加比赛需要提供什么？根据"Toenter,youhavetosendinamaincourseanddessertrecipewithingredientsthatcostlessthan£10perperson."要参赛，你需提交一份主菜和一份甜点的食谱，且每人份食材成本要低于10英镑。可知，参加比赛需要提供一份食谱。故选B。19．问题：最初会选出多少份参赛作品？根据"Fromtherecipessentin,thecommitteeconsistingof8judgeswilldrawupashortlistof15participants."根据收到的食谱，由8名评委组成的委员会将选出15名入围选手。可知，最初会选出15份参赛作品.故选A。20．问题：获胜者将获得什么奖励？根据"Thewinnerwillhavethechancetoparticipateinamasterclasswithawell-knownchef.Andaninterviewwillbeshowcasedinapopularcookingmagazine."获胜者将有机会与一位知名厨师一起参加大师班课程。还将在一本热门烹饪杂志上刊登对其的采访。可知，获胜者将获得的奖励是将得到公众关注。故选C。三、AUpcoming2025ExposinNewYorkSunday,April14,2025-Hempstead(LongIsland),NYTheChocolateExpoischaracterizedbytastings&salesofchocolates,bakedgoods,specialtyfoods.cheeses.Dairyproducts,craftbeverages(wines,spirits,cider,meadandmore,dependingonlocation)andready-to-eatfoods.Entertainmenttypicallyincludescelebrityappearances,chefdemonstrations,magicandmusic,plusfunforchildreninourfamousKidzZonewithfreefacepainting,balloontwistingandotheractivitiesincludedwithadmission!MeettheoriginalstarsfromWillyWonka&TheChocolateFactory-JulieDawnCole(VerucaSalt),RustyGoffe(OompaLoompa)andParisThemmen(MikeTeeVee)atTheChocolateExpo2025LongIslandattheDavidS.MackSports&ExpositionCenterinHempstead,NY!Also,ourfriend,DJCHEF,thefirstwinneronCutthroatKitchen,willbebackagainforourLongIslandevent.completedetailsareonourentertainmentpage.Wealwaysencourageprospectiveattendeestolookatourphotosandvideos,plusreadourFAQs,tolearnmoreaboutTheChocolateExpo.Doyouhaveachocolate,foodand/orcraftbeveragebusinessandwouldliketofindoutmoreaboutbecomingavendor(商贩)?OrwouldyouliketosponsorTheChocolateExpo?ClickonthebuttonsabovetoconnectwithusoremailusatVendors@TheChocolateE.21．Whatdoestheupcoming2025Chocolate-ExpoinNewYorkfeature?A．Exclusivewholesalechocolatesales.B．AKidzZonerequiringseparateadmissionfees.C．DJCHEF,thefirstwinnerofCutthroatKitchen.D．AscreeningofWillyWonka&TheChocolateFactory22．Wherewouldyoungattendeesfindfunactivities?A．TheKidzZone. B．Beveragelocation.C．Diaryproductstands. D．Characterappearance.23．WhatshouldyoudotosellthingsattheChocolateExpo?A．ReadtheFAQs.B．Glanceoverphotosandvideosplus.C．Browsetheentertainmentpagefordetails.D．EmailatVendors@TheChocolateE.【答案】21．C22．A23．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2025年4月14日纽约长岛巧克力博览会的相关信息。【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。21．细节理解题。根据第二段"Also,ourfriend,DJCHEF,thefirstwinneronCutthroatKitchen,willbebackagainforourLongIslandevent.(此外，我们的朋友，《残酷厨房》第一季的冠军DJCHEF将再次参加我们的长岛活动。)"可知，即将到来的2025年纽约巧克力博览会的特色包括《残酷厨房》第一季的冠军DJCHEF将参加活动。故选C。22．细节理解题。根据第一段"Entertainmenttypicallyincludescelebrityappearances,chefdemonstrations,magicandmusic,plusfunforchildreninourfamousKidzZonewithfreefacepainting,balloontwistingandotheractivitiesincludedwithadmission!(娱乐活动通常包括名人亮相、厨师表演、魔术和音乐，此外，在我们著名的儿童区，孩子们可以享受乐趣，免费脸部彩绘、气球造型等活动都包含在门票内!)"可知，年龄小的参与者可以在儿童区找到有趣的活动。故选A。23．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Doyouhaveachocolate,foodand/orcraftbeveragebusinessandwouldliketofindoutmoreaboutbecomingavendor(商贩)?OrwouldyouliketosponsorTheChocolateExpo?ClickonthebuttonsabovetoconnectwithusoremailusatVendors@TheChocolateE.(你是否有巧克力、食品和/或精酿饮料业务，想了解更多成为参展商的信息?或者你想赞助巧克力博览会吗?点击上面的按钮与我们联系，或者发邮件至Vendors@TheChocolateE。)"可知，要在巧克力博览会上卖东西，可以发邮件至Vendors@TheChocolateE。故选D。四、BSupposeIweretoaskyoutonamesomeofthegreatestnursesthattheworldhaseverknown.Inthatcase,thereisanextremeprobabilitythatyouwillmentionFlorenceNightingalethewealthywomanwhogaveoffhereverythingtoservetheneedypeopleofhertimeandbecomeanurse.It'ssafetosaythatFlorenceisthearchetype(典型)ofcontemporarynurses.FlorencewasbornonMay12th,1820andherjourneytogreatnessstarted.Shewasbornintoprivilege.Shewasapolymathgeniuswhospokemultiplelanguagesandpioneeredtheconceptsofstatisticalanalysisthatarestillusedtoday.Sheevenmemorizedtheworksofphilosophyandwouldoftendebatewithherfather.Shehadtheoptionofhavingasocietylifeinanicebighouse,withastaffofservants.However,shecravedforsomethingworthdoinginsteadoffritteringawaytimeonuselesstrifles.Shedeterminedtoendsufferinginthisworldasanurse,butbothofherparentsdisagreedwiththat,fornursingwasconsideredinferioratthattime.Florenceoverthenext12-13yearstriedconvincingherparentsoverandoveragain,buttheydidn'tbudge.WhenFlorenceturned30,herdadwascompletelywornoutfromresistingandthensenthertoGermanyfornursingtraining.In1853herdreamwascompletelyrealizedandsheundertookajobinLondonatahospital.Florencedidn'tknowatthetimethatshewasgoingtobedraggedintooneofthebloodiestconflictsinEuropeanhistory—theCrimeanWar.NightingalededicatedherselftoimprovinghealthcareduringtheCrimeanWar,whichledtoahugereductioninthemortality(伤亡)rates.It'sdifficulttooverstatethecontributionsthatFlorenceNightingalemadetomedicine,includingherworkonsanitationandhygieneandonorganizationalstructures,andespeciallytonursing.Herworkaswellasherliterepresentsthepowerofasingledeterminedindividualwhoissetonbringingapositivechangetosociety.Shepulledofftheinevitableandbecamealegendandimmortalinthepagesofhistory.24．WhyisFlorenceNightingalementionedinparagraph1?A．TopraiseNightingale'sgeniusinmultiplefields.B．TopresenthowtoughNightingale'steenagelifewas.C．TointroduceNightingale'simpactduringtheCrimeanWar.D．Toillustratewhatmodern-daynursesaresupposedtobelike.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"budge"inparagraph3mean?A．Obey. B．compromise. C．Respect. D．Care.26．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribesFlorenceNightingale?A．Intelligentandreserved. B．Ambitiousandsociable.C．Single-mindedandinnocent. D．committedandcompassionate.27．WhatcanweinferaboutFlorenceNightingalefromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Hercontributiontothehealthcaresystemwasplayeddown.B．Shewasagame-changingnurseinsavingpeopleduringthewarC．Sheresistedherparentsbydevotingherselftoahighercalling.D．SheintendedtoparticipateinoneofthecruelestwarsinEuropeanhistory.【答案】24．D25．B26．D27．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔这位伟大护士的生平事迹，包括她的成长背景、追求护士职业的决心以及在克里米亚战争期间对医疗保健的贡献等。【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和词义猜测题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。24．推理判断题。根据第一段"It'ssafetosaythatFlorenceisthearchetype(典型)ofcontemporarynurses.(可以肯定地说，弗洛伦斯是当代护士的典型)"可知，文章第一段提到弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔是为了说明现代护士应该是怎样的，因为她被视为当代护士的典型。故选D。25．词义猜测题。根据第三段"However,shecravedforsomethingworthdoinginsteadoffritteringawaytimeonuselesstrifles.Shedeterminedtoendsufferinginthisworldasanurse,butbothofherparentsdisagreedwiththat,fornursingwasconsideredinferioratthattime.(然而，她渴望做一些有价值的事情，而不是把时间浪费在无用的琐事上。她决定以护士的身份结束这个世界的痛苦，但她的父母都不同意，因为当时护理被认为是一种低下的职业)"以及"Florenceoverthenext12-13yearstriedconvincingherparentsoverandoveragain(在接下来的12—13年里，弗洛伦斯一次又一次地试图说服她的父母)"可知，弗洛伦斯想要成为护士，但她的父母不同意，她花了12—13年的时间试图说服他们，但他们没有"妥协"，由此可推测，划线词budge意为"妥协"。故选B。26．推理判断题。根据第四段"NightingalededicatedherselftoimprovinghealthcareduringtheCrimeanWar,whichledtoahugereductioninthemortality(伤亡)rates.(南丁格尔致力于在克里米亚战争期间改善医疗保健，这导致了死亡率的大幅下降)"以及最后一段中"Herworkaswellasherliterepresentsthepowerofasingledeterminedindividualwhoissetonbringingapositivechangetosociety.(她的工作和生活代表了一个坚定的个人决心为社会带来积极变化的力量)"可推知，弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔致力于改善医疗保健，为减少战争伤亡做出了巨大贡献，同时她的决心和行动也体现了她对社会带来积极改变的坚定信念，所以她是一个有奉献精神和富有同情心的人。故选D。27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Florencedidn'tknowatthetimethatshewasgoingtobedraggedintooneofthebloodiestconflictsinEuropeanhistory—theCrimeanWar.NightingalededicatedherselftoimprovinghealthcareduringtheCrimeanWar,whichledtoahugereductioninthemortality(伤亡)rates.(弗洛伦斯当时并不知道她将被卷入欧洲历史上最血腥的冲突之一——克里米亚战争。南丁格尔致力于在克里米亚战争期间改善医疗保健，这导致了死亡率的大幅下降)"可推知，弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔在战争期间拯救了很多人，她是一位改变局面的护士。故选B。五、CSouthernSpain'slandscapeinhighsummerisperhapsbestdescribedas"crunchy",whenalmosteverythinggreendies-exceptforthecarlinethistle(卡琳蓟).EcologistCarlosM.HerrerawasconductingasurveyofpollinatorsinsouthernSpainwhenhepeeredintoathistleblossom.Tohisastonishment,itfeltunmistakablycool—evenafterhoursindirectsun.Aftermeasuringthetemperatureinsidetheflowerheadsandthesurroundingair,hefoundtheflowerheadswereroutinelyninedegreesFahrenheitcoolerthantheirsurroundings,withthedifferenceapproaching18degrees1forsomeflowersonthehottestdays.SannaSevanto,ascientistatLosAlamosNationalLaboratory,saysHerrera'sfindingisexcitingandcouldconfirmariskyplantsurvivalstrategythathas,untilnow,onlybeentheorized.Sevantoandotherscientistshavedocumentedapparentself-coolingintreeleaves,butthat'sprobablyacoincidence,shesays.Toperformphotosynthesis(光合作用),leavesneedaccesstocarbondioxide,whichentersthroughtinyholescalledstomataonaleaf'ssurface.Whenstomataopentoletcarbondioxidein,somewaterescapes,therebycausingevaporativecooling(蒸发降温)thatlowerstheleaf'stemperatureslightly.ButfortheSpanishthistles,evaporativecoolingcouldbethegoalratherthanjustasideeffectofphotosynthesis.Herrerasuggeststheplantcould.essentiallybesweatingsacrificingpreciouswater,extremelyrareinSpain'ssummers,topreventitsdelicatereproductiveorgansfromoverheating.Openingstomatainadroughtisabiggamble,though,andshenotesthatsofar"wehavenotobservedaplantthatwoulddoittocoolthemselves."Herrerahasmoreexperimentsplannedforthenextboilingsummer.Hewilladjustaplant'swatersupplytotrytoproveitscoolingisreallya"sweating"action,andhewilllookfornoveltiesinthethistle'srootstructurethatcouldexplainhowitisabletotakeinenoughwatertoinvestincooling.Withheatwavesmorefrequent,it'svitaltostudytheplants'unusualadaptations.28．WhatmaindiscoverydidCarlosmakeaboutthecarlinethistle?A．Itcancoolitselfsignificantly.B．Itrequiresmorewaterthanotherplants.C．Ithasauniquemethodofphotosynthesis.D．ItistheonlyplantthatsurvivesinsouthernSpain.29．WhatdoesSannaSevantofindexcitingaboutHerrera'sfindings?A．Theyprovideasolutiontoclimatechange.B．Theycouldexplainhowallplantscoolthemselves.C．Theymayconfirmatheorizedsurvivalstrategyforplants.D．Theyprovethatphotosynthesisisunnecessaryforsurvival.30．Whatcanwelearnaboutthecoolingmechanismofthecarlinethistle?A．Itdependsonairtemperature.B．Itmaysweatatthecostofwater.C．Itsreproductiveorganshavecoolingcapacity.D．Itsopenstomataensuresadropintemperature.31．WhatcanweinferaboutHerrera'sfutureresearchonthecarlinethistle?A．Hewillprovethethistlewillalwayshaveenoughwater.B．Hebelievesthecoolingmechanismisfullyunderstood.C．Hewillexplorehowtheplantregulateswaterlossandcooling.D．Heisconfidentthethistle'sadaptationsareenoughforsurvival.【答案】28．A29．C30．B31．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。西班牙南部的卡琳蓟具有独特的自我降温现象，科学家对其进行了研究并提出了相关理论，还计划进一步实验，同时强调在气候变暖背景下研究植物应对高温的适应能力很重要。【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。28．细节理解题。根据第一段"EcologistCarlosM.HerrerawasconductingasurveyofpollinatorsinsouthernSpainwhenhepeeredintoathistleblossom.Tohisastonishment,itfeltunmistakablycool—evenafterhoursindirectsun.Aftermeasuringthetemperatureinsidetheflowerheadsandthesurroundingair,hefoundtheflowerheadswereroutinelyninedegreesFahrenheitcoolerthantheirsurroundings,withthedifferenceapproaching18degrees1forsomeflowersonthehottestdays.(生态学家CarlosM.Herrera在西班牙南部对传粉媒介进行调查时，凝视着一朵蓟花。令他惊讶的是，即使在阳光直射的几个小时后，它仍然感到明显的凉爽。在测量了花冠内部和周围空气的温度后，他发现花冠的温度通常比周围环境低9华氏度，在最热的日子里，一些花的温差接近18华氏度)"可知，Carlos发现卡琳蓟能够显著地自我降温。故选A。29．细节理解题。根据第二段"SannaSevanto,ascientistatLosAlamosNationalLaboratory,saysHerrera'sfindingisexcitingandcouldconfirmariskyplantsurvivalstrategythathas,untilnow,onlybeentheorized.(洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的科学家SannaSevanto说，Herrera的发现令人兴奋，它可能证实一种到目前为止仅存在于理论中的冒险的植物生存策略)"可知，SannaSevanto认为Herrera的发现令人兴奋是因为它们可能证实一种理论上的植物生存策略。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据第三段"Herrerasuggeststheplantcouldessentiallybesweatingsacrificingpreciouswater,extremelyrareinSpain'ssummers,topreventitsdelicatereproductiveorgansfromoverheating.(Herrera认为这种植物实际上可能是在出汗——牺牲在西班牙夏季极为珍贵的水，以防止其脆弱的生殖器官过热)"可知，卡琳蓟的降温机制可能是以消耗水分为代价"出汗"来降温。故选B。31．推理判断题。根据第四段"Hewilladjustaplant'swatersupplytotrytoproveitscoolingisreallya"sweating"action,andhewilllookfornoveltiesinthethistle'srootstructurethatcouldexplainhowitisabletotakeinenoughwatertoinvestincooling.(他将调整植物的供水量，试图证明其降温确实是一种"出汗"行为，并且他将寻找蓟类植物根系结构中的新奇之处，以解释它如何能够吸收足够的水分用于降温)"可推断，Herrera未来的研究将探索这种植物如何调节水分流失和降温。故选C。六、DInpopularculture,neurosurgeonsareusuallypresentedinoneoftwoways:eitherashighlyskilledyetproudexpertsorasmadscientists.Buttheseportrayalsmissmuchofwhatmodernneurosurgeryis,arguesTheodoreSchwartz,aneurosurgeonandprofessoratWeillCornellMedicine."GrayMatters",anabsorbingnewbook,goesonatourthroughdifferenttypesofbrain,surgery,fromseeminglyroughemergencytreatmentsfortraumaticinjuriestohigh-precisionsurgeriestoimplantelectrodesthatproviderelief