新疆乌鲁木齐市2025届高三英语下册三模试卷 含答案

/新疆乌鲁木齐市2025届高三英语下学期三模试题(卷面分值：150分;考试时间：120分钟)本试卷共10页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Goshopping.B.Dosomeexercise.C.Getherphoneback.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.Strangers.3.Howwillthespeakersgettotheconcert?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bysubway.4.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Toexpressthanks.B.Toaskforhelp.C.Tomakeanapology.5.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Relaxed.B.Excited.C.Ashamed.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WheredidthewomanmeetthatPortuguesegirl?A.Inagallery.B.Attheairport.C.Inthestreet.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aspecialexperience.B.Adrawingclass.C.Atravelplan.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemanusuallyhelphisneighbordo?A.Throwtherubbish.B.Feedthecat.C.Cleanthegarden.9.Howoldisthemannow?A.About30.B.About40.C.About50.10.WhatmakesNoorddifferent?A.Streetart.B.Greenspaces.C.High-risebuildings.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdoesthemansayabouttheCroatianartist?A.He’sbrave.B.He’squiet.C.He’spatient.12.WhatistheCroatianartistworkingonnow?A.Alargemodelofapiano.B.Anewversionofasculpture.C.Alife-sizestatueofamusician.13.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.GoontheInternet.B.Visitanartmuseum.C.Attendaconcert.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhathappenedtoJake’sskis?A.Theyweredamaged.B.Theygotlost.C.Theywerestolen.15.WhydidJakestopwalkingdownthemountain?A.Itwastiring.B.Itsnowedheavily.C.Itwasdark.16.WhowasoutlookingforJakethatevening?A.Asinglehelicopter.B.Bothofhisparents.C.Rescueteams.17.WhatdidJakedotogetoutofthebadsituation?A.Heusedlightstoguidehim.B.Hesearchedfortracksinthesnow.C.Hemovedonhishandsandknees.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatwasthespeaker’sfirstjob?A.Atraineechef.B.Akitchenassistant.C.Ahotelwaiter.19.Howmanyrestaurantsdidthespeakeropenintotal?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.20.Whatisthespeakerbusydoing?A.Teachingcooking.B.Hostingvariedparties.C.AppearinginaTVprogram.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStudentVolunteerandInternshipOpportunitiesEachyear,JPRprovidesopportunitiesforSOUstudentstogetinvolvedwiththeradiostationthroughwork,volunteeringortoreceivecoursecredit.Fromhands-oncreationofnewsandpublicaffairscontent,tomusicscreening,programhostingandlogisticalhelp,JPRstudentinterns(实习生)receivetrainingandinstructionfrombroadcastprofessionals.Occasionally,theseinternshipopportunitiescanresultincoursecreditatSOU.StudentOpportunities●Reporter/Producer(JPRNews):AssistJPR’sNewsDirectorandReporter.Typicallyinvolveresearching,writingandvoicingshort,spot-typenewsstoriesforbroadcast.●MusicLibraryManager:HelptheMusicDirectormaintainthestation’slibraryofover35,000albums.●FrontDeskAssistant:AssisttheAdministrativeServicesManagerwithcustomerserviceandadministrativetasks,generalstaffsupportandspecialevents.●MusicProgramHost:Occasionallyhostoneofourmusicprograms.Thisrequiresin-depthknowledgeofthemusicJPRfeatures,apleasant,engagingvocalstyle,andafairlyflexibleschedulebothfortraining,andforpossibleon-airopportunities.●MusicDirectorAssistant:ReviewnewmusicaddedtotheJPRmusiclibraryforlyricalcontentunacceptableforbroadcast,andlabelsongsaccordingtostationpolicy.Information●ForCourseCreditCreateaprogramwithyourprofessororadvisoraroundoneoftheavailableoptions.Ifyouwouldliketodothis,pleasesendanemailtojprinfo@withyourinformation,theoptionyouareinterestedin,whichclassandprofessor/advisoryouwillbedoingtheworkforandtheircontactinformation.●NotforCourseCreditYoucanworkwithJPRstafftocreateavolunteeragreement.Emailtojprinfo@withyourinformationandtheoptionyouareinterestedin.OtherOptionsIfyouwouldliketodosomethingotherthantheoptionslisted,pleasesendanemailtojprinfo@withdetailsaboutwhoyouare,whatskillsyouhaveandwhatyouarespecificallyinterestedin.1.WhatcanSOUstudentsgainfromJPRinternships?A.Paidjobopportunities. B.Professionaltraining.C.Freemusicdownloads. D.Internshipcertificates.2.Whichpositionofferschancestoappearontheair?A.MusicLibraryManager. B.Reporter/Producer(JPRNews).CMusicProgramHost. D.MusicDirectorAssistant.3.Howcanstudentsreceivecoursecredit?A.Bysubmittingaresearchpaper. B.Bydesigningarelevantprogram.C.Byattendingeducationalsessions. D.Bysigningavolunteeragreement.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些学生志愿者和实习机会。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Fromhands-oncreationofnewsandpublicaffairscontent,tomusicscreening,programhostingandlogisticalhelp,JPRstudentinterns(实习生)receivetrainingandinstructionfrombroadcastprofessionals.(从动手创作新闻和公共事务内容，到音乐放映，节目主持和后勤帮助，JPR的学生实习生接受广播专业人员的培训和指导)”可知，SOU学生可以从JPR实习中获得专业培训。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据StudentOpportunities部分第四点●MusicProgramHost:中“Thisrequiresin-depthknowledgeofthemusicJPRfeatures,apleasant,engagingvocalstyle,andafairlyflexibleschedulebothfortraining,andforpossibleon-airopportunities.(这需要对JPR的音乐特点有深入的了解，一种愉快、引人入胜的声乐风格，以及一个相当灵活的训练时间表和可能的播出机会)”可知，音乐节目主持人有机会上电视。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Information部分●ForCourseCredit中“Createaprogramwithyourprofessororadvisoraroundoneoftheavailableoptions.(与你的教授或指导老师围绕其中一个可用的选项制定一个计划)”可知，学生通过设计相关的程序获得课程学分。故选B。BSeveralyearson,China’straditionalhealthcrazeisshowingnosignofslowingdown.Whilejujubeicecreamandherbalbubbleteashaveeachhadtheir15minutesoffame,nowabarinthesouthwesternChinesecityofChengduthinksit’sfoundthenextviraltrend:traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)drinks.Pricedaround50yuanperglass,thedrinksonofferatthenewlyopenedChillSpotclaimawiderangeofeffects,fromweightlosstonourishing(滋养)aperson’sblood.ChillSpot’sownerLiusaysheconsultedalocalTCMdoctorfortherecipesandsourcedtherequiredmaterialsfromaTCMspecialtymedicinestore,soaking(浸泡)themforoverthreemonths.“ItalkedtoTCMdoctors,andtheysaidmixingtraditionalChinesemedicinewithotherdrinksisnotaproblem,”Liuadded.Liuisn’tthefirstbarownertocapitalizeonagrowinginterestinhealthylifestyles,oryangsheng,amongyoungChinese.TCM-themedestablishmentshavepoppedupnationwideinrecentyears.Somebars,likeLiu’s,offerTCMdrinkslike“Boss’ChickenSoup”—featuringangelica(白芷)root,ginseng,andginger.ButTCMexpertscautionsomeyangshengofferingsmayoverpromiseandunderdeliver.Theycanalsolandtheircreatorsinlegaltrouble:China’sFoodSafetyLawalsospecifiesthatonlymedicinalsubstancesthataretraditionallybotheatenandusedinChinesemedicinescanbeaddedtofood.WuMeiling,alawyerwarnedthatbarsthatuseunapprovedingredientscanfacefines,thecancellationoftheirlicenses,orevencriminalresponsibility.LiutoldCoverNewsthathisdrinksaimtopromotehealth,nottreatdiseases.HestressedtheimportanceofblendingtraditionalChinesemedicinewithmodernlifestyles.“Wewanttoshowthattraditionalwisdomcanenhancecontemporarylivinginawaythatisbothenjoyableandbeneficial,”hesaid.“It’saboutbalanceandwell-being,notjustpleasure.”4.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthedrinksatChillSpot?A.Theyareofficiallypriced. B.Theyaresaidtomeethealthneeds.C.Theiringredientsareuseddirectly. D.Theirmaterialsarefromalocaldoctor.5.Whatdoesthephrase“capitalizeon”inparagraph3probablymean?ATakeadvantageof. B.Haveaccessto.C.Withdrawmoneyfrom. D.Gaininsightsinto.6.WhydoestheauthormentionTCMexpertsandthelawyer?A.ToexplainthesciencebehindTCM. B.Toofferhealthadvicetoconsumers.C.TowarnofthelegalrisksofTCMdrinks. D.TopromotetraditionalChinesemedicine.7.WhatmessagedoesLiuwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Hisdrinksenjoygreatpopularity. B.Hisdrinkspreventandcureillness.C.TCMreflectstheChinesewisdom. D.TCMbooststhequalityofmodernlife.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了许多商家利用年轻人对健康生活方式，或养生的追求，进行赚钱的现象。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Pricedaround50yuanperglass,thedrinksonofferatthenewlyopenedChillSpotclaimawiderangeofeffects,fromweightlosstonourishing(滋养)aperson’sblood.(在这家新开的冷饮店，这种饮料每杯售价在50元左右，号称有多种功效，从减肥到养血)”可知，ChillSpot的饮料据说能满足健康需要。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“agrowinginterestinhealthylifestyles,oryangsheng,amongyoungChinese(中国年轻人对健康生活方式，或养生日益增长的兴趣)”以及“TCM-themedestablishmentshavepoppedupnationwideinrecentyears.Somebars,likeLiu’s,offerTCMdrinkslike“Boss’ChickenSoup”—featuringangelica(白芷)root,ginseng,andginger.(近年来，以中医为主题的场所在全国各地如雨后春笋般涌现。有些酒吧，比如刘的餐厅提供“老鸡汤”等中药饮料，其中含有当归、人参和姜)”可知，酒吧老板利用中国年轻人对养生的健康生活方式日益增长的兴趣来赚钱。由此可知，划线词组的意思是“利用”。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ButTCMexpertscautionsomeyangshengofferingsmayoverpromiseandunderdeliver.Theycanalsolandtheircreatorsinlegaltrouble:China’sFoodSafetyLawalsospecifiesthatonlymedicinalsubstancesthataretraditionallybotheatenandusedinChinesemedicinescanbeaddedtofood.WuMeiling,alawyerwarnedthatbarsthatuseunapprovedingredientscanfacefines,thecancellationoftheirlicenses,orevencriminalresponsibility.(但中医专家警告称，一些阳生产品可能言过其实。它们也会让它们的创造者陷入法律纠纷：中国的《食品安全法》还规定，只有传统上既可食用又可用于中药的药用物质才能添加到食品中。律师吴美玲警告说，使用未经批准成分的酒吧可能面临罚款、吊销执照，甚至刑事责任)”可推知，作者提到中医专家和律师是为了提醒人们中药饮料的法律风险。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Wewanttoshowthattraditionalwisdomcanenhancecontemporarylivinginawaythatisbothenjoyableandbeneficial,”hesaid.“It’saboutbalanceandwell-being,notjustpleasure.”(他说：“我们希望展示传统智慧可以以一种既愉快又有益的方式改善当代生活。”“这关乎平衡和幸福，而不仅仅是快乐。”)”可推知，中医提高了现代生活质量。故选D。CForgettobringyourchargerwithyouonvacation?Whatifyourclothingcouldgenerateelectricityfromtheheatyourbodynaturallyproduces?ThisfuturisticconceptisnowapproachingrealitythankstoscientistsatChalmersUniversityofTechnologyandLinköpingUniversity.Researcherssaytheremarkablenewtextile(纺织)technologyturnsbodyheatintoelectricitythroughthermoelectric(热电的)effects,potentiallypoweringwearabledevicesfromyourclothing.Theinnovationcentersonanewlydevelopedpolymer(聚合物)calledpoly.“Thepolymersthatweusearebendable,lightweightandareeasytouseinbothliquidandsolidform.Theyarealsonon-poisonous,”saysstudyfirstauthorMariavittoriaCraighero.Unlikepreviousattemptsatcreatingthermoelectrictextiles,thisbreakthroughaddressesacriticalbarrierthathaslongheldbackprogress:thelackofair-stablen-type(negative)polymers.“Wefoundthemissingpieceofthepuzzletomakeabetterthread—atypeofpolymerthathadrecentlybeendiscovered.Ithasoutstandingperformancestabilityincontactwithair,whileatthesametimehavingaverygoodabilitytoconductelectricity.Byusingpolymers,wedon’tneedanyrareearthmetals,whicharecommoninelectronics,”explainsCraighero.Thermoelectricgeneratorsworkbyturningtemperaturedifferencesintoelectricalenergy.Whenonesideofathermoelectricmaterialiswarmerthantheother,electronsmovefromthehotsidetothecoldside,generatinganelectricalcurrent.Thehumanbodycontinuouslygeneratesheat,creatingnaturaltemperaturedifferentialsbetweentheskinandthesurroundingenvironment.Forefficientthermoelectricgeneration,bothp-type(positive)andn-typematerialsmustworktogether.Whilep-typematerialshavebeenwell-establishedinpreviousresearch,creatingstablen-typematerialshasbeenapersistentchallenge.Mostn-typeorganicmaterialsdegrade(降解)rapidlywhenexposedtooxygenintheair,oftenbecomingineffectivewithindays.Whatmakesthisdevelopmentparticularlyexcitingistheremarkablestabilityofpoly-coatedsilk.Unlikesimilarmaterialsthatdegradewithindayswhenexposedtoair,thesenewthermoelectricthreadsmaintaintheirperformanceforover14monthsundernormalconditionswithoutanyprotectivecoating.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribespoly?A.Safeandconductive. B.Recyclableandflexible.C.Adaptableandmetal-free. D.Stableandliquid-proof.9.Whatisthecorrectorderofthermoelectricgenerators’workingprocedures?a.Thebodyproducesheat.b.Electronsmovefromthehotsidetothecold.c.Electricalcurrentisgenerated.d.Temperaturedifferencesarecreated.A.d-c-a-b. B.d-a-c-b. C.a-b-c-d. D.a-d-b-c.10.Whatmakesefficientthermoelectricgenerationpossible?A.Thedevelopmentofdurablen-typematerials. B.Thediscoveryoftime-testedp-typematerials.C.Thebreakdownofdisposablen-typematerials. D.Theremovaloforganicprotectivecoating.11.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.SmartDevices:FromDreamtoReality B.Eco-FriendlyMaterials:ATextileRevolutionC.BodyHeatPowersDevices:WearableCharger D.NoRareMetalsNeeded:ClothingBreakthrough【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种装置可以将人体热量转化为电能，解释了装置的工作原理以及优点。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Researcherssaytheremarkablenewtextile(纺织)technologyturnsbodyheatintoelectricitythroughthermoelectric(热电的)effects,potentiallypoweringwearabledevicesfromyourclothing.Theinnovationcentersonanewlydevelopedpolymer(聚合物)calledpoly.“Thepolymersthatweusearebendable,lightweightandareeasytouseinbothliquidandsolidform.Theyarealsonon-poisonous,”saysstudyfirstauthorMariavittoriaCraighero.(研究人员表示，这项引人注目的新纺织技术通过热电效应将人体热量转化为电能，有可能为衣服上的可穿戴设备供电。这项创新集中在一种新开发的聚合物上，叫做poly。“我们使用的聚合物可弯曲，重量轻，易于在液体和固体形式下使用。它们也是无毒的，”该研究的第一作者MariavittoriaCraighero说)”可知，poly安全导电。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Researcherssaytheremarkablenewtextile(纺织)technologyturnsbodyheatintoelectricitythroughthermoelectric(热电的)effects,potentiallypoweringwearabledevicesfromyourclothing.Theinnovationcentersonanewlydevelopedpolymer(聚合物)calledpoly.(研究人员表示，这项引人注目的新纺织技术通过热电效应将人体热量转化为电能，有可能为衣服上的可穿戴设备供电。这项创新集中在一种新开发的聚合物上，叫做poly)”可知，a“身体产生热量”排序第一，排除A、B选项；根据第四段“Thehumanbodycontinuouslygeneratesheat,creatingnaturaltemperaturedifferentialsbetweentheskinandthesurroundingenvironment.(人体不断地产生热量，在皮肤和周围环境之间产生自然的温差)”可知，d“产生温差”排序第二，排除C选项。故正确顺序为a-d-b-c。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Unlikesimilarmaterialsthatdegradewithindayswhenexposedtoair,thesenewthermoelectricthreadsmaintaintheirperformanceforover14monthsundernormalconditionswithoutanyprotectivecoating.(与暴露在空气中几天内就会降解的类似材料不同，这些新的热电螺纹在正常条件下无需任何保护涂层即可保持其性能超过14个月)”可推知，耐用型材料的发展使高效热电发电成为可能。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researcherssaytheremarkablenewtextile(纺织)technologyturnsbodyheatintoelectricitythroughthermoelectric(热电)effects,potentiallypoweringwearabledevicesfromyourclothing.Theinnovationcentersonanewlydevelopedpolymer(聚合物)calledpoly.(研究人员表示，这项引人注目的新纺织技术通过热电效应将人体热量转化为电能，有可能为衣服上的可穿戴设备供电。这项创新集中在一种新开发的聚合物上，叫做poly)”结合文章主要介绍了一种装置可以将人体热量转化为电能，解释了装置的工作原理以及优点。由此可知，C选项“体热供电设备：可穿戴充电器”最符合文章标题。故选C。DScientistshavelongknowndomesticatedanimalstendtosharequalitieslikefloppyears,smallerbrainsanddecreasedaggression.Now,researchershavediscoveredthathumansmayhaveinfluencedanotherqualityindogs:thecoloroftheireyes.Whendomesticatingfour-leggedcompanions,humanshaveselecteddogswithdarkereyesbecauseweviewthemasmorefriendlyandyouthful.AteamofresearchersinJapananalyzedirises(虹膜)inphotosof22graywolvesand81domesticdogsof35majorbreeds(品种).Intheirstudy,theyreportthatdomesticdogstendtohavesignificantlydarkerandredderirisesthantheiryellow-eyedwolfcousins.“Notonlyisthereacleareyecolordifferencebetweenwolvesanddogs,butwealsofindthatdogswithdarkereyesareperceivedasmorefriendlyandimmaturebyhumans,”saidleadauthorAkitsuguKonno,ananimalscientistinJapan.“Thisfindingsuggeststhathumansmayunconsciouslyselectfordarkeyesbecausetheyseemlessthreatening.”Totestthis,theresearcherspicked12imagesofdogs,photoshoppedtheireyesandcreatedaquestionnaire.Theyasked70participantstoratethedogs’personalityqualities(suchasfriendliness,trustworthinessandaggression)onascaleofzerotofive.Theirresultsshowedparticipantsrateddark-eyeddogsasmorefriendlyandlessmaturethanlight-eyeddogs.“Wethinkthatadarkerirismakesitmoredifficulttodistinguishthesizeofthepupil(瞳孔)andthusgivestheillusion(错觉)ofalargepupil,whichisassociatedwithourperceptionofbeingmoreinfant-like,”saidKonno.Humanpupilsizetendstodecreasewithage,therefore,wemayassociatelargepupilswithyoungcreaturesthatrequireourcare.JessicaHekman,avetanddoggeneticistsaidthatitappearsconvincingthathumansselectedfordarkeyes.However,sheadds,itremainsunclearwhetherourpupswereoriginallydomesticatedthatway,oriftheselectionisarecentbreeder-driventrend.Furtherresearchwillbeneededtodetermineexactlywhentheeyecolorchangeoccurred.12.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudyaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Byprovidingexamples. B.Byobservingreactions.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bymonitoringchanges.13.Theresearcherscreatedthequestionnaireto________.A.testthereasonsforhumanselection B.findthelinkbetweenhumansanddogsC.knowdogs’appearanceandintelligence D.ratethedogs’personalityqualities14.Whichfigurebestillustratespeople’sperceptionofdogs?A. B.C. D.15.WhatisJessicaHekman’sattitudetowardsthestudy?A.Supportive. B.Opposed. C.Dismissive. D.Cautious.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员发现人类可能在狗眼睛颜色的选择上产生了影响，以及后续研究验证了人类对深色眼睛狗的偏好，并探讨了这一偏好的可能原因。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“AteamofresearchersinJapananalyzedirises(虹膜)inphotosof22graywolvesand81domesticdogsof35majorbreeds(品种).Intheirstudy,theyreportthatdomesticdogstendtohavesignificantlydarkerandredderirisesthantheiryellow-eyedwolfcousins.(日本的一组研究人员分析了22只灰狼和81只35个主要品种的家犬照片中的虹膜。在他们的研究中，他们报告说，家犬的虹膜往往比它们黄眼睛的狼表亲的虹膜颜色更深、更红)”可知，研究人员分析了灰狼和家犬照片中的虹膜，并报告了两者之间的差异，由此可推断出研究人员是通过比较来进行这项研究的。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段末“Thisfindingsuggeststhathumansmayunconsciouslyselectfordarkeyesbecausetheyseemlessthreatening.(这一发现表明，人类可能会无意识地偏好深色眼睛，因为深色眼睛看起来不那么具有威胁性)”和第三段中“Totestthis,theresearcherspicked12imagesofdogs,photoshoppedtheireyesandcreatedaquestionnaire.Theyasked70participantstoratethedogs’personalityqualities(suchasfriendliness,trustworthinessandaggression)onascaleofzerotofive.(为了验证这一点，研究人员挑选了12张狗的照片，对它们的眼睛进行了修图，并创建了一份问卷)”可知，研究人员创建问卷是为了测试人类选择行为的原因。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theirresultsshowedparticipantsrateddark-eyeddogsasmorefriendlyandlessmaturethanlight-eyeddogs.(结果显示，参与者认为深色眼睛的狗比浅色眼睛的狗更友好，也更不成熟)”可知，人们普遍认为黑眼珠的狗看起来更友善结合选项，最能体现这种认知的是B项(图示显示黑眼珠狗被认为更友好)。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“JessicaHekman,avetanddoggeneticistsaidthatitappearsconvincingthathumansselectedfordarkeyes.However,sheadds,itremainsunclearwhetherourpupswereoriginallydomesticatedthatway,oriftheselectionisarecentbreeder-driventrend.Furtherresearchwillbeneededtodetermineexactlywhentheeyecolorchangeoccurred.(兽医兼狗遗传学家JessicaHekman表示，人类选择深色眼睛的说法似乎很有说服力。然而，她补充说，目前尚不清楚我们的幼犬最初是否就是这样被驯化的，或者这种选择是否是最近由饲养者驱动的趋势。还需要进一步的研究来确定眼睛颜色的变化究竟是在什么时候发生的)”可知，JessicaHekman对研究持谨慎态度。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoPrepareforFloodingFormostEuropeans,wetwintersareascommonaswateroffaduck’sback.However,climatechangeisnowpresentingunmatchedchallenges,withfloodingemergingasacriticalissueforhomeowners.Floodingisnolongerrestrictedtoriversideareas;itcanalsoaffecttowns,cities,andevendrylandscapes.___16___.Instead,itisabouttakingpracticalstepstobuildadaptabilityinanincreasinglyunpredictableclimate.___17___Stayuptodatewiththelatestfloodwarningsinyourareabyvisitinggov.uk/check-floodingandensureyourhomeinsurancecoversflooddamage.Simplemeasureslikeputtingdowntiles,liftingupelectricaloutlets,andfittingnon-returntapscansignificantlyreducerepaircosts.Keepsandbags,floodboards,andplasticsheetingreadytosealdoorwaysandpreventwastewaterbackflow.Developanevacuation(疏散)planforyourfamilyandpets,decidingonsafeexitroutesandtemporaryshelterlocations.Checkonneighbors,especiallytheelderlyorvulnerable,andconsiderincludingtheminyourplan.___18___.Duringaflood,ifyouareinimmediatedanger,callemergencyservices.Turnoffthemainpowerbeforeevacuating.Localcouncilscanprovideemergencyshelterifneeded.___19___,foritcanbefast-flowingandpolluted.Ifyoudomakecontactwithfloodwater,washyourselfthoroughlyafterwardsandchangeyourclothes.Afteraflood,waitfortheall-clearfromemergencyservicesbeforereturninghome.___20___,astheyshouldbeabletosendanengineertoensureit’ssafe,aswellascarryoutanyrepairs.Abandonanypollutedfoodandboiltapwateruntilit’sdeclaredsafe.Usebottledwaterifpossible.A.AvoidwalkingorswimmingthroughfloodwaterB.KeepaneyeonthepotentialdangersaroundyouC.IdentifyyourmeetingplacesincaseofseparationD.Themoreyouknow,themorepreparedyoucanbeE.ButpreparingforfloodrisksisnotaboutfearingtheworstF.ContactyourwaterandelectricityprovidersbeforerestoringpowerG.Donottouchelectricalequipmentifyouarewetorstandingintheflood【答案】16.E17.D18.C19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在气候变化导致洪水频发的情况下，人们应如何做好应对洪水的准备，包括洪水前的预防措施、洪水发生时的应对方法以及洪水后的处理建议。【16题详解】上文“Floodingisnolongerrestrictedtoriversideareas;itcanalsoaffecttowns,cities,andevendrylandscapes.(洪水不再局限于河岸地区；它还可能影响城镇、城市，甚至干旱的景观)”以及后文“Instead,itisabouttakingpracticalstepstobuildadaptabilityinanincreasinglyunpredictableclimate.(相反，它是关于采取切实可行的措施，在日益不可预测的气候中建立适应性)”提到洪水的影响范围更广，但应对洪水不应是恐惧，而是采取措施，空处应承上启下，说明应对洪水灾害应有的态度。E选项“但应对洪水风险并不是要害怕最坏的情况”符合语境，其中fearingtheworst与后文takingpracticalsteps形成对比。故选E。【17题详解】下文“Stayuptodatewiththelatestfloodwarningsinyourareabyvisitinggov.uk/check-floodingandensureyourhomeinsurancecoversflooddamage.Simplemeasureslikeputtingdowntiles,liftingupelectricaloutlets,andfittingnon-returntapscansignificantlyreducerepaircosts.(通过访问gov.uk/check-flooding，了解你所在地区的最新洪水预警，并确保你的房屋保险涵盖洪水损失。像铺瓷砖、抬高插座、安装防逆流水龙头等简单措施可以显著降低维修成本)”等一系列为洪水做准备的具体措施，可知空处应该是对下文措施的一个总结性陈述。D选项“你知道的越多，准备的就越充分”符合语境，引出下文一系列为洪水做准备的具体措施。故选D。【18题详解】上文“Developanevacuation(疏散)planforyourfamilyandpets,decidingonsafeexitroutesandtemporaryshelterlocations.Checkonneighbors,especiallytheelderlyorvulnerable,andconsiderincludingtheminyourplan.(为你的家人和宠物制定一个疏散计划，确定安全的出口路线和临时避难所的位置。检查邻居的情况，特别是老人或弱势群体，并考虑将他们纳入你的计划中)”介绍了应对洪水灾害时应制定疏散计划，包括确定安全出口路线和临时避难所位置，以及检查邻居的情况并将他们纳入计划中。空处应承接上文，进一步说明制定疏散计划时的注意事项。C选项“确定你们在分离时的会合地点”符合语境，承接上文中的制定疏散计划。故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“Duringaflood,ifyouareinimmediatedanger,callemergencyservices.Turnoffthemainpowerbeforeevacuating.Localcouncilscanprovideemergencyshelterifneeded.(在洪水期间，如果你面临直接危险，请拨打紧急服务电话。在撤离前关闭主电源。如有需要，地方议会可以提供紧急避难所)”以及下文“foritcanbefast-flowingandpolluted.Ifyoudomakecontactwithfloodwater,washyourselfthoroughlyafterwardsandchangeyourclothes.(因为它可能水流湍急且受到污染。如果你确实接触了洪水，事后要彻底清洗自己并更换衣服)”可知，空处应该是承接上文，且引出下文对于洪水危险的描述。A选项“避免在洪水中行走或游泳”符合语境，说明要避免在洪水中行走或游泳，因为洪水可能水流湍急且受到污染。故选A。20题详解】下文“astheyshouldbeabletosendanengineertoensureit’ssafe,aswellascarryoutanyrepairs.(因为他们应该能够派一名工程师来确保安全，并进行任何必要的维修)”可知，本段介绍了应对洪水灾害后应联系水电供应商，在恢复供电前应确保安全。空处应承接上文，说明在恢复供电前应做的准备工作。F选项“在恢复供电前联系你的水电供应商”符合语境，引出下文中的水电供应商可以派工程师来确保安全并进行维修。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Itwasthesummerbeforeseniorhighwhen16-year-oldMikefacedhisfirstrealchallenge.Hisfather’ssuddenillnesshadleftthefamilyfinances____21____,forcinghimtoseekpart-timejobs.Afterfacingmany____22____,MikefinallyreceivedanofferfromMr.Clark,theownerofalocalbookstore,tohelp____23____andselloldbooks.Mikeinitiallystruggledwiththedustyshelvesandimpatientcustomers.Onerainyafternoon,anelderlywoman____24____him,tremblingassheheldatornnovel.“This...wasmylatehusband’s____25____,”shewhispered.Mikepatientlyhelpedher____26____itwithtape,unawarethisactwould____27____hislife.Weekslater,thewomanreturnedwithaboxofrarebooks,insistingMike____28____them.“Youtreatedmemorieswithcare,”shesmiled.Mr.Clark,impressed,____29____Miketoassistantmanager,praisinghiseffortintoeverytask.Theboywhoonce____30____hisworthnowstoodtaller,realizingkindnesscould____31____difficulties.Butlifehadanothertwist.Mike’sfatherrecovered,____32____urginghimtoquitthejobforstudies.Tornbetweenresponsibilities,Mikesharedhis____33____withMr.Clark.“Booksholdstories,”theownersaid,“butreallessonscomefrom____34____chaptersoflife.”Withshortenedshifts,Mikelearnedtobalanceworkandschool.Bysenioryear,heunderstoodtheoldwoman’sgiftwasn’tjustbooks,butthe____35____tomendbrokenthings-whetherspinesofnovels,familystruggles,orhisowndoubts.21.A.tight B.stable C.limited D.empty22.A.offers B.delays C.decisions D.rejections23.A.collect B.donate C.sort D.read24.A.approached B.thanked C.recognized D.ignored25.A.choice B.favorite C.mem