湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州恩施高中教学联盟2025-2026学年春季学期高一年级开学考试英语试卷

2026年春季学期高一年级开学考试英语试卷注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码在答题卡上的指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whoisthewomanlookingfor?A.JenniferLopez. B.EmmaStone. C.BenAffleck.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,mynameisJenniferLopezfromCityTimes.I’dliketotalktoyourgeneralmanagerBenAffleck.M:I’mafraidheisnothere,butourmarketingmanagerEmmaStoneishere.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendidthewomanhaveherbirthdayparty?A.OnSaturday. B.OnFriday. C.OnThursday.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:ItwasyourbirthdayonThursday.Didyouhaveaparty?W:Yes,butthattookplacetwodaysafter,becausetherewasnoschoolandmyfriendscoulde.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanrefusetohave?AMilk. B.chocolate. C.Salad.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whatwouldyouliketohave,David?M:Justsomesaladandtwoglassesofmilk.W:Howaboutsomechocolate.M:I’dlovetohaveit.It’sdeliciousbutI’monadiettocontrolmyweight.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Health. B.Weather. C.Environment.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ohmy.It’ssohotaday.Theweatherreportsaysitisthehottestdayoftheyearsofar.M:Yeah.I’mdyingforacoolshowerandawatermelonrightnow.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanetotheman?A.Toturntohimforhelp.B.Toinformhimofatest.C.Toremindhimtostudy.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:It’sthelastdaybeforethetest.IknowyouarealsobusystudyingbutIreallyneedyourassistance.Ican’tfailtheexam.M:Takeiteasy,Sarah.LetmeseewhatIcando.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhydidLisawinanaward?A.Shewroteanicepoem.B.Shewroteagoodarticle.C.Shewrotebeautifulmusic.7.WhatwillJustinspendhismoneyon?A.Anewcamera. B.Anewputer. C.Anewguitar.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Congratulationsonwinningtheawardatthetalentshow,Lisa.Youdefinitelydeserveit.Themusicyouwrotewasthebest.Haveyouspentthemoneyyet?W:Notyet.Iwasthinkingofgoingonthetrip.It’susuallywhatIspentmymoneyon.Whataboutyou,Justin?Yougotsecondplace.Anyplansforthecash?M:Yes.Iwasplanningtobuyanewlaptop.IcouldhavegotanewguitaroragoodcamerabutIamreallyinterestedinstartingablog.W:Isthatahugewasteoftime?M:No,it’sgreatfun.Icanbeeanexpertwriterandearnsomemoneytoo.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.TheGlobeTheater. B.Thetownhall. C.Thegarage.9.Whywillitcostthewomanalottogettoherdestination?A.It’stheheavytraffictime.B.Thedestinationisfaraway.C.Shehasalottocarry.10.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomantodo?A.Shutthedoor.B.Fillthecarupwithpetrol.C.Takeherluggagewhengettingoff.【答案】8.A9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:HowmuchwillitcosttogettotheGlobeTheater?M:$30.W:That’salot,isn’tit?What’smore,it’snotveryfaraway.M:Thisistherushhour.Haveyouseenthetraffictoday?YesterdayItooksomeonefromheretothetownhall.It’sonlyashortdistanceawaybutittookanhour.W:Ah,Isee.M:Whilethetaxiiswaitingintraffic,itisstillusingpetrolandfuelisveryexpensivethesedays.Ispent$120fillingthecarupatthegaragethismorning.W:Yes,Irealizeitcostsalot.M:Itmightbequickerforyoutowalktothetheater.W:Well,I’vegotthislargebagwithme.That’swhyIwanttouseataxi.It’sOK.I’llpayforit.M:OK,don’tforgetyourbagwhenyougetout.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WhocalledSusanjustnow?A.ThePrintingpany.B.RoyalpanyLimited.C.TheAdvertisingagency.12.Whatcausedthedelayinprinting?A.Anurgentcall. B.Atightschedule. C.Apowercut.13.Whatisthemanexpectedtodorightaway?A.Headtothefactory. B.Makeaphonecall. C.Getthebrochures.【答案】11.B12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,thisisSusan.CanIspeakwithFrank,please?M:Susan,thisisFrankspeaking.W:Frank,I’mcallingfromhome.Ijustreceivethecallfromroyalpanylimited.TheywantedtoknowifthebrochureswillbesenttothemonFriday.M:Well,theprintinghasbeendelayedbecausetheprintingfactoryhadapowerfailuretheotherday.W:Frank,wearehavingatightschedulehere.WeneedtogetbrochuresdoneandsenttoourcutomeronFriday.Nodelay,please.Givethemacallrightaway.Asktheprintingpanytotrytheirbestandsolvetheproblem.M:Don’tworryaboutthat,Susan.I’monit.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Bestfriends. C.Familymembers.15.WhoisMichaelWhite?A.Amemberofaschoolclub.B.Achampioncyclistinthetown.C.Afriendofthewoman.16.WhateventwillhappenonSunday?A.Acyclingrace. B.Animportantexam. C.Ameeting.17.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Anewclub. B.TheOlympicGames. C.Homework.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Mrs.Miller,doyouhaveaminutetotalk?W:Certainly,John.eintomyoffice.IsitaboutthemarkIgaveyouforyourhomework?M:No,it’snotreallyaschoolthing.Well,itis…Isupposeit’saboutyourplanfortheschoolcyclingclub.W:Oh,doyouwanttojointheclub?M:Wow,yes.W:Great.Ithinkitwillbeareallyfunthingtodoatweekends.Agroupofuscanheadoutontripsintothecountrysideorwecouldorganizebikeraces.M:Yes.ButIwantedtoaskifpeoplewhodon’tgotothisschoolcanjointheclub.W:Oh,ImustadmitIhadn’tthoughtaboutthat.Doyouhaveanyoneinmind?M:Well,mybestfriendMichaelWhite.Haveyouheardofhim?W:Icertainlyhave.Thechampioncyclistinourtown.He’squitefamous.TheysayhemightpeteinnextOlympics.M:Yeah,couldhejointheclub?W:Idon’tseewhynot.IthinklotsofpeoplewanttojoinifMichaelbeesamember.CanyoubringhimtoourfirstmeetingonSunday?M:Yeah,sure.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhatcanweknowaboutAlexaccordingtothespeaker?A.Helovesgardening.B.Heworkswiththespeaker.C.HeisanIn.19.WhathappenedtoAlexandhisteaminthetrip?A.Theydiscoveredanewanimal.B.Theyplantedvarioustreesintherainforest.C.Theyhadbeenapartforsomenights.20.WhatwillAlexdoontheshow?A.Talkabouthisadventures.B.Givesometipsonstudying.C.Answersomequestions.【答案】18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】M:WeletoGardeners’Questions.We’rebroadcastingliveontheInternet.Butifyouhaven’tgottimetowatchthewholethingrightnow,clickontherecordinganytimeonourwebsite.Okay,well.Herewithusinthestudiotodayiswildlifeexpertadventurerandgardenlover,AlexTaylor.AlexspentfourweeksonasciencetripinsouthAmerica,studyingplantsoftherainforest.Ibetthatwashot.Notonlydoheandhisteamdiscovernewandexcitingplants.ButAlexhadallsortsofadventureswhilehewasthere.Hewasattackedbyabear,hadafeverandgotseparatedfromhisteamforalmostthreenights.Howscarythatitis!Butthisshowisn’tjustaboutbigtimeadventures.It’saboutthethingyouandIlove.Gardening.Thistime,Alexwillbegivingsomeofhisbesttipstogetthemostoutoftheplantsthatwedon’tnormallyseeinthiscountry.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,he’llbetakingcallsandmessagesfromviewersinaboutfiveminutes.Butfirst,let’smeetourwonderfulguest.WeletoGardeners’Questions:AlexTaylor.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AClimateisgreatlydifferentacrosstheglobe,withclearfeaturesshapingdifferentregions.Herearefourmaintypes：TemperateClimateTemperateclimateslieintemperatelatitudes(纬度)(40°—45°northandsouthoftheequatortopolarcircles).Northernhemisphere(半球)temperatezonesaremostlyland,while98%ofthesouthernhemisphere’sisocean.Theyhavefourclearseasons(winter,spring,autumn,summer)andfrequentweatherchangesbecauseofstorms.Averagetemperaturesarebelow0℃inthecoldestmonthandabove+15℃inthewarmest.Snowcoversthegroundinwinter,withrainfallandsnowfallrangingfrom100mminlandto1,000mmoncoasts.EquatorialClimateAnequatorialclimateismarkedbyhotandwetair.Airtemperatureremainsstable(稳定的)(+24℃—+28℃)andrainfallisrichthroughouttheyear(1,500to5,000mm).Rainfallsfasterthanevaporation(蒸发),leavingsoilfullofwaterandsupportingdenserainforests.ItisfoundinnorthernSouthAmerica,theGulfofGuineacoast,theCongoRiverbasin,partsofIndonesia,andnearoceanareas.TropicalClimateAtropicalclimateisruledbyhighpressureanticyclones,aweathersystembuiltaroundhighairpressure,bringingclearweathermostoftheyear.Ithastwoseasons:warmandcold.Temperatureschangefrom+20℃onthecoastto+50℃inland,withlargedailyvariations—reaching+40℃—+45℃insummerafternoonsanddroppingto+10℃—+15℃atnight.Deserts,deciduousforests,andsavannas,awetanddryseason,aremon.RegionsincludeMexico,NorthandSouthAfrica,CentralAustralia,andtheArabianPeninsula.PolarClimateApolarclimateisfoundnorthof70°latitude(Arctic)andsouthof65°latitude(Antarctic).Polarairmassesdominateyearround,withpolarnights(monthswithoutsunlight)andpolardays(monthswithnonsettingsun).Snowandicereflectheat,keepingairverycold—summeraveragesbelow0℃andwinterbetween20℃and40℃.Highairpressurebringsweakwindsandfewclouds,withlittlesnowfall.21.Whichonehasfourclearseasons?A.Theequatorialclimate. B.Thetemperateclimate.C.Thepolarclimate. D.Thetropicalclimate.22.Whatisakeydifferencebetweenequatorialandtropicalclimates?A.Tropicalclimateshavemorerainfallthanequatorialclimates.B.Tropicalclimatessupportrainforestswhileequatorialclimateshavedeserts.C.Equatorialtemperaturesarestablewhiletropicaloneschangedailyandseasonally.D.Equatorialclimatesarefoundonlyonlandwhiletropicalclimatesareinoceanareas.23.Whereismostlikelytakenfrom?A.Ascientificreportonclimatechange. B.Anovelaboutadventureinrainforests.C.Atravelblogintroducingtouristattractions. D.Ageographybookforhighschoolstudents.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍全球四种主要气候类型（温带、赤道、热带、极地）的分布、特征及对应区域等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据TemperateClimate部分中的“Theyhavefourclearseasons(winter,spring,autumn,summer)andfrequentweatherchangesbecauseofstorms.(它们有四个分明的季节（冬、春、秋、夏），且因风暴天气变化频繁)”可知，温带气候有四个分明的季节。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据EquatorialClimate部分中的“Airtemperatureremainsstable(+24℃—+28℃)andrainfallisrichthroughouttheyear(1,500to5,000mm).(气温保持稳定（24℃—28℃），全年降雨量丰富（1500至5000毫米）)”及TropicalClimate部分中的“Ithastwoseasons:warmandcold.Temperatureschangefrom+20℃onthecoastto+50℃inland,withlargedailyvariations—reaching+40℃—+45℃insummerafternoonsanddroppingto+10℃—+15℃atnight.(它有两个季节：暖季和冷季。气温从海岸的20℃到内陆的50℃不等，日温差大——夏季午后可达40℃—45℃，夜间降至10℃—15℃)”可知，赤道气候气温稳定，而热带气候气温有季节和日变化，这是两者的关键差异。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章清晰介绍了四种主要气候类型的纬度分布、气候特征、气温降水数据及对应区域，内容客观、条理清晰，符合高中地理课本的知识讲解风格。故选D项。BMyfamilywoulddescribemeasanythingbutarisktaker.“Grandmadrivesfasterthanyou!”myyoungersonlikestojokewithme.SowhenIannouncedIwasgoingtostepoutsidemyfortzoneandsignupforaselfdefensecourse,mychildren,myhusband,andevenmymomwereabitdoubtful.Agymnearmyhousewasofferingtwohourclassesincludingboxing,wrestlingandjudo(柔道).IsignedupforitandfordaysIquestionedwhetheryogawouldhavebeenawiserchoice.Themorningoftheclass,Ipulleduptothegym,grabbedmywaterbottlealongwithabitofcourageIbroughtwithme,andwalkedinside.Welearnedhowtokickandkneesomeonewhereitcountsandhowtostrikeusingthepalmsofourhands.Afterthecoachshowedvariousescapeskills,Ifoundmyselfquestioningmypresenceinsuchasetting.However,insecond,IremindedmyselfthatIhadsetoutthisjourneytoexplorethefurthestpartofmyabilitiesandtochallengetheboundaryofwhatIbelievedIwasabletoachieve.BeforeIenteredthegym,IneverimaginedIwouldhavetheconfidenceandcouragetothrowablowthatcoulddiscouragesomeonetwicemysize.Almosttwoyearslater,Istillattendclasses.Astheoldestfemaleintheclass,Ipushmyselftokeepup,tryharderand,moreimportantly,notquit.Betweenincreasingmystrengthandfeelingconfidentaboutprotectingmyself(althoughIhopeIneverhavetotestmyskillsoutsideofthegym),I’mproudoftheriskItookinsigningupforthecourse.Iknowthatdefendingmyselfisnotaboutstrength,it’saboutstrategy.Atthesametime,I’mcalmerandlessanxiousabenefitmyfamilyenjoys.Asformydriving,afterarecentlunchdate,mymomsuggestedIspeeduptoatleastthespeedlimit.Shedidn’twanttobelateforhertennismatch.24.Howdidtheauthor’sfamilythinkofheraccordingtoparagraph1?A.Shewasdependable. B.Shelikedtakingrisks.C.Sheusedtoenjoyherfortzone. D.Shedrovefast.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boundary”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Limit. B.Honor. C.Aim. D.Record.26.Whatcontributestothesuccessoftheauthor?A.Strategiesfromtheclassmates. B.Hernevergivingup.C.Encouragementfromthefamily. D.Skillsfromthecoach.27.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Selfdefensetrainingimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Thetrainingleadstobettercontrolindailylife.C.Momisstillworriedabouttheauthor’sdrivingability.D.Calmnessgainedfromtrainingincreasesmom’sconfidenceinme.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者为了走出舒适圈报名参加自我防卫课程，并从中获益良多。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Myfamilywoulddescribemeasanythingbutarisktaker.“Grandmadrivesfasterthanyou!”myyoungersonlikestojokewithme.(我的家人会把我描述成一个不喜欢冒险的人。“奶奶开车都比你快！”“我小儿子喜欢跟我开玩笑。)”可知，作者的家人认为作者过去很享受自己的舒适区。故选C。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Afterthecoachshowedvariousescapeskills,Ifoundmyselfquestioningmypresenceinsuchasetting.However,insecond,IremindedmyselfthatIhadsetoutthisjourneytoexplorethefurthestpartofmyabilities(在教练展示了各种逃生技巧后，我发现自己在这样的环境中怀疑自己的存在。然而，在接下来的一秒里，我提醒自己，我已经开始了这段旅程，探索我能力的最远部分)”以及后文“whatIbelievedIwasabletoachieve(我相信自己能够实现)”可知，however表示转折，说明教练展示了各种逃生技能后，作者发现自己开始质疑自己置身于这样的环境。然而，在下一秒，作者提醒自己踏上这段旅程是为了探索能力的最远端，根据explorethefurthestpartofmyabilities可知作者初衷是去挑战我所认为自己能够达到的极限。故划线词意思是“极限”。故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Astheoldestfemaleintheclass,Ipushmyselftokeepup,tryharderand,moreimportantly,notquit.(作为班上年龄最大的女性，我督促自己跟上，更加努力，更重要的是，不要放弃。)”可知，作者依靠永不放弃，最终收获了自信和勇气。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Myfamilywoulddescribemeasanythingbutarisktaker.“Grandmadrivesfasterthanyou!”myyoungersonlikestojokewithme.(我的家人会把我描述成一个不喜欢冒险的人。“奶奶开车都比你快！”“我小儿子喜欢跟我开玩笑。)”和最后一段“Asformydriving,afterarecentlunchdate,mymomsuggestedIspeeduptoatleastthespeedlimit.Shedidn’twanttobelateforhertennismatch.(至于我的驾驶，在最近的一次午餐约会之后，我妈妈建议我至少把速度提高到限速。她不想网球比赛迟到。)”可知，在上课之前，家人对她是持怀疑态度的，儿子还开玩笑地说奶奶开车都比作者快，而坚持上课之后，奶奶催作者开快点，说明作者从课程训练中收获的自信、勇气及冷静增强了奶奶对自己车技的自信。故选D。CHaveyoueverimaginedtravellingtoaforeigncountrywithouthavingtoworryabouttheheadacheofmunicatinginadifferentlanguage?InarecentWallStreetJournalarticle,technologypolicyexpertAlexaRossarguedthat,withintenyearsorso,wewouldbeabletomunicatewithoneanotherthroughsmallearpieceswithbuiltinmicrophones.That’sbecausetechnologicalprogressisextremelyfast.It’sonlyamatteroftime.Justasa“cleverpersonalhelper”likeSiriorAlexaisgettingbetteratunderstandingwhatyousay,thereisnoreasontothinkthatthefuturewillnotbringa“personalassistanttranslator”.Nevertheless,translatingisanaltogetherdifferenttaskparedwithfindingthenearestStarbucks,becausemachinesaimforperfectionandreasonability,whilelanguages—humans—arealwaysimperfectandunreasonable.Replacingawordwithitsequivalent(对等词)inthetargetlanguageisactuallytheeasypartofatranslator’sjob.Butthisseemstobeatrickyjobforputers.It’ssohardforputersbecausetranslationdoesn’t—orshouldn’t—besimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it’sabouttranslatingmeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpression,peopleneedtounderstandalotofinformationallatonce.Thinkaboutalltherelatedinformationthatcanhelpusunderstandwhatsomeoneistryingtosay:tone,bodymovements,situations,andevenyourculture.Allarelikelytoexpressasmuchmeaningasthewordsyouuse.Therefore,weshoulddoubtwhetheramachinecantrulyunderstandourworldlikewedo.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanupseteachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter?Unlessengineersactuallyfindawaytobreatheasoulintoaputer,whenitestoexpressingandtranslatingmeaningusinganaturallanguage,amachinewillneverfullytakeourplace.28.AccordingtoAlexaRoss,howwillpeoplemunicateinthefuture?A.Byusingpersonalputersfortranslationwidely.B.Byemployingsmallearpieceswithbuiltinmicrophones.C.ByhiringacleverpersonalhelperlikeSiriorAlexaRoss.D.Byturningtomachinesinsteadofhumantranslatorspletely.29.Whyisithardforputerstoreplaceawordwithitsequivalent?A.Becauseputerscan’tinfertheculturalmeaning.B.Becauseaman’ssoulhasn’tbeenbreathedinthem.C.Becausetranslationcoversmuchmoreotherthanwords.D.BecauseitisdifferentfromfindingthenearestStarbucks.30.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthemachinetechnology?A.Doubtful. B.Unclear.C.Indifferent. D.Supportive.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefor?A.TheDifficultyofTranslationB.HowtoBeaBetterTranslator?C.TravelwithoutLanguageHeadacheD.WillTechnologyEndLanguageTrouble?【答案】28.B29.C30.A31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了未来技术可能帮助人们跨越语言障碍的愿景，重点分析了机器翻译在理解文化、情感和语境等深层含义上的局限性，并对技术完全替代人类翻译的可能性提出了质疑。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“InarecentWallStreetJournalarticle,technologypolicyexpertAlexaRossarguedthat,withintenyearsorso,wewouldbeabletomunicatewithoneanotherthroughsmallearpieceswithbuiltinmicrophones.(在最近《华尔街日报》的一篇文章中，科技政策专家AlexaRoss提出，大约十年内，我们将能够通过内置麦克风的小型耳塞进行交流。)”可知，AlexaRoss认为未来人们将通过使用内置麦克风的小型耳塞进行交流。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“It’ssohardforputersbecausetranslationdoesn’t—orshouldn’t—besimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it’sabouttranslatingmeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpression,peopleneedtounderstandalotofinformationallatonce.(对于计算机来说，这确实很困难，因为翻译并非仅仅是翻译单词、句子或段落那么简单——或者说不应该仅仅是这样。真正翻译在于传达意义。而要从某个特定的表达中推断出意义，人们需要一次性理解大量的信息。)”可知，计算机很难用一个词来替代它的同义词是因为翻译涵盖的远不止单词。故选C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore,weshoulddoubtwhetheramachinecantrulyunderstandourworldlikewedo.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanupseteachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter?(因此，我们应当质疑机器是否真能像我们一样真正理解这个世界。如果来自不同文化背景的人们会在无意中冒犯彼此，那我们又怎能指望机器能做得更好呢？)”可推知，作者对机器技术的态度是怀疑的。故选A项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Haveyoueverimaginedtravellingtoaforeigncountrywithouthavingtoworryabouttheheadacheofmunicatinginadifferentlanguage?(你可曾幻想过，能够前往一个外国国家旅行，而无需为用不同语言交流而烦恼呢？)”和最后一段中“Therefore,weshoulddoubtwhetheramachinecantrulyunderstandourworldlikewedo.(因此，我们应当质疑机器是否真能像我们一样真正理解这个世界。)”可知，文章开头提出技术可能解决语言障碍的愿景，后文重点论述机器翻译在理解文化、情感等深层含义上的局限性，并质疑技术能否真正消除语言问题。因此，D项“技术会终结语言麻烦吗？”以问句形式概括了文章的核心讨论——对技术解决语言障碍能力的质疑，最适合作为文章标题。故选D项。DFromanairplane,carscrawlingdownthehighwaylooklikeants.Butactualants—unlikecars—somehowmanagetoavoidthestopandgotraffic.Researchersarestudyingtheircooperativestrategiestolearnhowtoprogramselfdrivingcarsthatdon’tjamup.Thefreeflowoftrafficbeesunstableasthedensity(密度)ofcarsincreasesonahighway.At15vehiclespermileperlane,onedriverapplyinghisbrakecancauseawaveofcongestion(拥挤).“It’sakindofphasetransition(相变),”likewaterturningfromaliquidtoasolidform,saysKatsuhiroNishinari,amathematicalphysicist.Hispreviousresearchhadshownthatantscanmaintaintheirflowevenathighdensities.Sowhat’stheirsecret?Inarecentstudy,researchersfoundthattheantstravelingroupsofthreetotwentythatmoveatnearlyconstantspeedswhilekeepingdistancesbetweenoneanother—andtheydon’tspeeduptopassothers.Humandriversatrushhourrarelyfollowsuchrules.“We’remaximizingtheinterestsofindividuals,whichiswhy,atagivenpoint,youstarttohaveatrafficjam,”saysstudycoauthorNicolaPugno.Butselfdrivingcars,iftheyonedaybeepopular,wouldshareinformationwithnearbycarstomakegooduseoftrafficflow—perhaps,theresearcherssuggest,byprioritizing(优先考虑)constantspeedsorbynotpassingothersontheroad.Antscandonumerousthingsthatselfdrivingcan’t,PinterWollmanpointsout.Antscancreateatrailaswideastheylike,unlikedriversstuckonhighways.Theinsectsdosometimesjamupwhentrappedintunnels,buttokeepthingsmoving,“they’llfindawaytowalkontheceiling,”shesays.Plus,antsdon’tcrash;theycanliterallywalkoveroneanother.Today’sdriverscanlearnatleastonethingfromants,Nishinarisays,“byleavingroombetweentheircarandtheoneahead,driverscanabsorbawaveofbrakingindensetrafficconditionsthatwouldotherwisebeamplified(增强)intoatrafficjam.”32.Whatenablesantstokeepsmoothtrafficflowevenathighdensities?A.Centralmandsystem. B.Cooperativegroupinteraction.C.Quickspeedingupability. D.Advancednavigation(导航)tools.33.Howcouldselfdrivingcarspotentiallycopyants’trafficstrategies?A.Roadexpansion. B.pleteavoidanceofbraking.C.Intervehicledatasharingnetworks. D.Prioritizingtopspeedachievement.34.Inwhichaspectareantsdifferentfromselfdrivingcars?A.Travellingingroupsof3to20. B.Trafficruleobservation.C.putercontrolleddecisionmaking. D.Flexiblenavigationandcrashavoidance.35.Whatwouldbethemostappropriatetitlefor?A.ThePsychologyBehindHumanTrafficCongestion.B.TechnicalBarriersinAutonomousVehicleNetworks.C.Antsvs.Humans:Evolutionaryparisons.D.Ants’AmazingTrafficRules:AGuideforDriverlessCars.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过研究蚂蚁在高密度情况下仍能保持流畅通行的协作策略，为自动驾驶汽车的交通优化提供参考的相关内容。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inarecentstudy,researchersfoundthattheantstravelingroupsofthreetotwentythatmoveatnearlyconstantspeedswhilekeepingdistancesbetweenoneanother—andtheydon’tspeeduptopassothers.(在最近的一项研究中，研究人员发现，蚂蚁会以3到20只为一组行进，它们以几乎恒定的速度移动，同时保持彼此之间的距离，而且不会加速超过其他蚂蚁。)”可知，蚂蚁即使在高密度环境下也能保持流畅通行的原因是它们的协作群体互动模式。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Butselfdrivingcars,iftheyonedaybeepopular,wouldshareinformationwithnearbycarstomakegooduseoftrafficflow—perhaps,theresearcherssuggest,byprioritizingconstantspeedsorbynotpassingothersontheroad.(但研究人员表示，如果自动驾驶汽车有朝一日普及开来，它们会与附近的汽车共享信息，以充分利用交通流量——或许可以通过优先保持恒定速度或不超车的方式实现。)”可知，自动驾驶汽车可以通过车与车之间的数据共享网络借鉴蚂蚁的交通策略。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Antscancreateatrailaswideastheylike,unlikedriversstuckonhighways.Theinsectsdosometimesjamupwhentrappedintunnels,buttokeepthingsmoving,‘they’llfindawaytowalkontheceiling,’shesays.Plus,antsdon’tcrash;theycanliterallywalkoveroneanother.(与被困在高速公路上的司机不同，蚂蚁可以开辟任意宽度的行进路线。她说，这些昆虫有时在被困隧道时也会出现拥堵，但为了保持通行，‘它们会想办法爬到隧道顶部行走’。此外，蚂蚁不会发生碰撞，它们真的可以从彼此身上爬过去。)”可知，蚂蚁与自动驾驶汽车的不同之处在于其灵活的通行方式和防撞能力。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Researchersarestudyingtheircooperativestrategiestolearnhowtoprogramselfdrivingcarsthatdon’tjamup.(研究人员正在研究它们的协作策略，以探索如何为自动驾驶汽车编写程序，避免交通拥堵。)”以及文章整体内容，尤其是最后一段中引述的观点“Today’sdriverscanlearnatleastonethingfromants,Nishinarisays,‘byleavingroombetweentheircarandtheoneahead,driverscanabsorbawaveofbrakingindensetrafficconditionsthatwouldotherwisebeamplifiedintoatrafficjam.’(Nishinari指出，如今的司机至少能从蚂蚁身上学到一点：‘在车与前方车辆之间留出空间，司机便能在密集车流中缓冲刹车波，否则这种波动会加剧为交通拥堵。’)”可知，全文核心是探讨蚂蚁令人惊叹的交通规则如何为无人驾驶汽车的发展提供指导和启示。D项“Ants’AmazingTrafficRules:AGuideforDriverlessCars(蚂蚁的神奇交通法则：无人驾驶汽车的参考指南)”准确、全面地概括了这一主旨。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheHappiestDietDoeswhatyoueataffectyourmood?Couldyourfoodhaveeffectsonyourmentalwellbeing?___36___Severalingredientsandmethodsaccountforthat.FibreandmorefibreWeoftenworryaboutproteinintakebutdatashowsweusuallygetenough.___37___Itsupportsgut(肠道)health,feedinggoodbacteriaandcontributingtooverallwellbeing.Researchevensuggeststhatincreasingfibreintakeby5gmaylowertheriskofdepressionby5%.Fatisgood___38___“Omega3fattyacids,foundinoilyfish,playaroleinthestructureandfunctionofcellmembranes(细胞膜)inthebrain,”thenutritionistRhiannonLambertsays.“Theyareinvolvedintheproductionandsignalingofneurotransmitters(神经递质),whicharecriticalformoodregulation.”AndbreatheYourgutisimpactednotjustbywhatyoueatbutbyhowyoueat.LisaMacfarlane,cofounderofthehealthpanyTheGutStuff,explains,“___39___Trytakingdeepbreathbeforeyoueatit’sproventhatdigestionhappensmoreeffectivelywheneatinginarelaxedandcalmstate.”JointhefastcrowdArecentstudybyKing’sCollegeLondonfoundthateatingwithinatenhourwindow.andthereforefastingforfourteenhourseachday,isassociatedwithbettermood,bettersleep,moreenergyandlesshunger.___40___A.Addmoreproteintoyourregulardiet.B.Needanotherreasontoeatmoreoilyfish?C.Instead,weshouldfocusonourfibreintake.D.Beansareoneofthehighestsourcesofdietaryfibre.E.Thisiseasierthanitsounds:itwouldmeaneatingbetween9a.m.and7p.m.F.Wesuggestputtingyourbodyin“restanddigest”modeinsteadofeatingonthego.G.Evidenceshowswhatyoueatcanpromotebrainchemicalsthatinfluenceyourmood.【答案】36.G37.C38.B39.F40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了饮食对情绪和精神健康的影响，并介绍了几种有助于提升情绪的饮食成分和方法。【36题详解】上文“Doeswhatyoueataffectyourmood?Couldyourfoodhaveeffectsonyourmentalwellbeing?(你吃的东西会影响你的心情吗？你的食物会对你的心理健康产生影响吗？)”提出了两个问题，询问饮食是否影响情绪以及食物是否对精神健康有影响。G选项“Evidenceshowswhatyoueatcanpromotebrainchemicalsthatinfluenceyourmood.(证据表明，你吃的食物可以促进影响情绪的大脑化学物质。)”直接回答了这两个问题，指出有证据表明饮食可以影响大脑中的化学物质，进而影响情绪，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【37题详解】上文“Weoftenworryaboutproteinintakebutdatashowsweusuallygete