2026年高考英语终极冲刺：清单01 动词的时态和语态和主谓一致（一）（抢分清单）（原卷版）

清单01动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(一)专题01动词的时态一、一般体1.一般现在时(1)表示科学事实、客观真理或自然现象(在过去的语境中也用一般现在时)。(2)表示现在经常性的、习惯性的、反复的动作或状态。常用的时间状语有always，usually，often，sometimes，everyday等。(3)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如come,go,leave,start,arrive,begin,meet,fall,close,open,end,stop,return,takeoff等。Thepartybeginsat7o’clock.聚会再七点钟开始。(4)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。IfIhaveenoughtime,I’lltravelaroundtheworld.如果有足够的时间，我将进行环球旅行。1.(2025年1月·浙江高考)Theconcept_______(be)certainlynotnew—menhavebeenrentinggoodsuitsfordecades—butforfemaleshoppers,itisjusttakingoff.Thisclothing-as-servicemodelfollowsthebroadersocietalmovementtowardssharedeconomies.2.(2023·全国乙卷)Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,70._______(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.

2.一般过去时(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去的时间状语yesterday，lastyear，threeyearsago，theotherday等时间状语连用。如果在一段语段中,根据上下文或主从句提示。Ididn’tpasstheexam，whichmademyparentsveryangry.我没有通过考试，这让我父母很生气。(2)时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时。Hesaidhewouldtellherthenewsassoonashemether.他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。1.(2025天津高考第二次)TheSongDynasty_______theintroductionofjiaozi,whichissupposedlytheworld’sfirstpapermoney.A.hasseen B.hadseen C.sees D.saw2.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Asalittlegirl,I_______(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.

3.一般将来时shall/will+动词原形表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。其中will+动词原形也表示说话时临时作出的决定begoingto+动词原形表示按计划、打算要做某事或某种迹象预示着要发生某事。beto+动词原形表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作beaboutto+动词原形表示正要或即将做某事，不与具体的时间状语连用IamtomeetMrBrownateleveno’clockthismorning.今天上午11点我要去见布朗先生。Workisabouttostartonanewfactorybuilding.新厂房即将动工。注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。Ifyouwillgiveheranotherchance,shewillsurpriseyou.如果你再给她一次机会，她会给你惊喜。(2023年上海6月秋季高考英语真题)—Canyouimagine_______in2035?—I’msureitwillbebetter.A.whatourlifewas B.whatwillourlifebelikeC.whatwasourlife D.whatourlifewillbelike二、进行体1.现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。(2)come,go,leave,do,send,takeoff,sail,arrive,return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用进行时表将来。WearegoinghikingthisSunday.这周日我们要去远足。(3)与always,often,allthetime,constantly,continuously,forever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。Heisalwaysgettingangrywithme.他总是对我生气。(\o"2011年浙江普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷"2011年浙江高考)Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenarea_______.Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere’snoneleft.A.haverunout B.havebeenrunoutC.arerunningout D.arebeingrunout2.过去进行时(1)表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动作。(2)表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，常与when，while引导的时间状语从句连用。Theteachercameinwhiletheboywasreadinganovel.那个男孩正在读小说时老师进来了。(3)一些非延续性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划或安排将要发生的动作，常见动词有go，come，leave，start，arrive。Sheaskedhimwhetherhewascomingbackforsupper.她问他是否要回来吃晚饭。(2015重庆高考)Shetoldmethatshe_______herhomeworkwhenIcalledher.A.wasdoing B.isdoing C.does D.did3.将来进行时表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。Don’tphonemebetween5and6.We’llbehavingdinnerthen.不要在五点至六点之间给我打电话，那时我们在吃晚饭。(2023天津高考第一次)Somerestaurantsarehappytoprovideafreecakeifyouletthemknowinadvancethatyou_______agroupforabirthdayparty.A.willbebringing B.havebroughtC.havebeenbringing D.werebringing完成体1.现在完成时1.表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already,just,ever,never等副词。Hehasalreadyobtainedascholarship.他已经获得了奖学金。2.表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，常与之连用的时间状语有lately，recently，untilnow，eversince，inthelast(past)fewdays/years，uptonow，sofar等。Thefilmhasbeenonforhalfanhour.电影已经开始半个小时了。3.下列句型中常用现在完成时。This/That/Itisthefirst/second/...timethat+现在完成时This/That/Itisthebest/finest/mostinteresting/...+名词+that+现在完成时It’sthethirdtimethatI’veseenthefilm.这是我第三次看这部电影。ItisthemostinterestingnovelthatIhaveeverread.这是我所读过的最有趣的小说。1.(2025天津高考第一次)AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatBenjaminFranklin’sexperimenttookplace,morethanonescientist_______whatreallyhappened.A.hasquestioned B.havequestioned C.wasquestioning D.werequestioning2.(2023天津高考第一次)Humanimpactontheanimalkingdom,suchashuntinganddestructionofhabitats,_______areductioninthepopulationofcertainspeciesinthepastthreedecades.A.hascaused B.havecausedC.wascausing D.werecausing2.过去完成时1.表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。常见的时间状语有by+过去时间点，bytheendof+过去时间点，bythetime+从句，until/before/since+过去时间点或从句。Ihadputawaymycellphonebeforemyfathercameback.在我爸爸回来之前我已经把我的手机收起来了。(2)在hardly/scarcely...when,nosooner...than,Itwasthefirst/second...time(that)...等句型中。Wehadhardly/scarcelyleftthehousewhenitbegantorain.=Nosoonerhadweleftthehousethanitbegantorain.=Itwasthethirdtimehehadbeenoutofworkthatyear.我们一离开房子就开始下雨了。(3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。这类动词有mean,intend,expect,hope,want,plan,think,suppose等。Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldnotgetthereintime.他们本打算帮忙的，但是没能及时到达那里。(2025天津高考第一次)Thereadingmaterials_______beforethetrainingbegan,sothateveryonehadacopy.A.haveprinted B.hadprinted C.havebeenprinted D.hadbeenprinted其他1.现在完成进行时(1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。Ihavebeencleaningthehousealltheafternoon.我整个下午都在打扫这个房子。(2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。Ihavebeentelephoninghimseveraltimesthismorning.(2024天津高考第一次)TheSmiths_______theonlineshoppingexperienceinChinasincetheymovedbacktoNewZealandtwoyearsago.A.hadbeenmissing B.weremissingC.havebeenmissing D.willbemissing2.过去将来时1.表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。Shesaidshewouldretirethenextyear.她说她明年就退休了。2.三种表示过去将来时的特殊结构：was/weregoingto+动词原形；was/wereto+动词原形；was/wereaboutto+动词原形。was/weregoingto+动词原形表示过去打算或计划将要做某事。Hetoldmehewasgoingtogetmarriedthenextweek.他告诉我他打算下周结婚。was/wereaboutto+动词原形表示过去即将要发生的动作。常构成句型was/wereabouttodo...when...Shewasabouttosaysomethingmore，andthencheckedherself.她还想说几句，接着又克制住了自己。Lookatthesettingsun!We_______lateforthetrainifwedidn’thurryup.A.were B.weregoingtobe C.wereabouttobe D.weretobe附录：1.与一般过去时连用的常用时间状语①yesterday、thedaybeforeyesterday、yesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening……②lastFriday、lastweek、lastmonth、lastsummer、lastyear……③tenminutesago、fivehoursago、twoweeksago、threeyearsago……④theotherday、justnow……⑤in+过去时间in1976、in2016、inthe19thcentury……⑥隐形时间要注意：previously先前的2.与现在完成时连用的常用时间状语①before、already、just、never、ever、yet、lately、recently……②howlong、since+过去时间点、for+一段时间……③inthepastfivedays，overthelastfewyears…④sofar,upto/tillnow,todate⑤Itisthefirsttimethat…;thebest/most+名词+that…3.与一般现在时连用的常用时间状语now,today,nowadays,everyyear,usually等3.与一般将来时连用的常用时间状语nextyear,inthefuture,soon,tomorrow等4.与进行时连用的常用时间状语now,atpresent,atthismoment等5.与过去完成时连用的常用时间状语bythen,bytheendof...,when/before/after引导的从句等二、常考动词的时态的相关句式(带★号为常考句式)①★was/weredoing...when...+一般过去时②was/wereabouttodo...when...+一般过去时③★itisthe+序数词+time+that...+现在完成时④★itwasthe+序数词+time+that...+过去完成时⑤Nosoonerhad+主语+done...than+一般过去时⑥Hardly/Scarcelyhad+主语+done...when+一般过去时⑦Itwillbe+时间段+before+一般现在时⑧Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since...表示“自从……以来已……”，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。⑨祈使句+and/or+陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时。⑩Itis(high/about)timethatsb...，that后面的句子要用一般过去时或should+动词原形。一、根据明确的时间状语判断动词的时态根据句子中出现的时间状语来确定句子的时态。2.固定句型判断法根据固定句型来确定句子的时态。3.语境综合判断法根据上下文语境考虑设空处说的是什么时候的事情，从而确定相应的动词的时态。时态呼应判断法主句是将来时，状语从句(时间，条件，让步等状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时；主句的谓语动词用一般过去时，宾语从句中用过去相应的时态。时间：10分钟满分：20分得分：_______一.单项选择1.(2025-2026学年天津市和平区天津市第一中学上学期高三年级英语学科第四次月考)I_______Frenchfor3yearsafterIgraduatedfromuniversity,whichhelpedmesecureagoodjobinParis.A.havestudied B.havebeenstudying C.hadstudied D.studied2.(2025-2026学年天津市宝坻区第九中学高三上学期第二次月考英语试题)He_______threebooksandhewasworkingonanotheronewhenIwenttovisithim.A.haswritten B.hadwritten C.wouldwrite D.iswriting3.(2025-2026学年天津市耀华中学红桥学校高三上学期月考)Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_______selectedtorepresentourschoolatthenationalEnglishspeechcontestlastmonth.A.was B.were C.hasbeen D.havebeen4.(2025-2026学年天津市武清区天和城实验中学高三上学期1月月考)Sincethepolicywaslaunched,thecityover100,000newenergyvehicles.A.hasregistered B.registered C.hadregistered D.registers5.(2025-2026学年天津市蓟州区杨家楼中学高三上学期12月月考)Thebreakthroughinonlineteachingchallengesthe“classroom-only”traditionthat_______theeducationindustry’sdevelopmentinrecentyears.A.hadbeendrivenB.haddriven C.hasdriven D.hasbeendriven6.(2025-2026学年天津市滨海新区渤油第一中学高三上学期第二次)Attheongoingcampustechnologycompetition,manyastudent_______innovativesolutionstoglobalenergychallenges.A.arepresenting B.waspresenting C.ispresenting D.werepresenting7.(2025-2026学年天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三上学期1月月考)Theladyinsistedthattheyoungman_______herwalletandthatheshouldbesenttothepolicestationatonce.A.hadstolen B.steal C.hasstolen D.stole8.(2025-2026学年天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三上学期1月月考)Heaskedformyforgivenessandpromisedthathe________thingsright.A.made B.hadmade C.willmake D.wouldmake9.(2025-2026学年天津市宝坻区第四中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考)Thediveleader,aswellasthecrewmembers,_______theweatherreportscarefullywhenthestormwarningwasissuedthismorning.A.haschecked B.havechecked C.waschecking D.werechecking10.(2025-2026学年河南信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学北湖校区高三上学期月考)Theteacher,togetherwithhisstudents,________hardontheprojectsincethebeginningofthissemester.A.wasworking B.havebeenworkingC.wereworking D.hasbeenworking二.单句语法填空1.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)InSept.,the2025ChinaInternationalOnlineLiteratureWeekopenedinHangzhou,…Charles-EmmanuelDewees,co-founderandeditor-in-chiefofChireads,aFrenchplatformfortranslatingandpromotingChineseonlineliterature,_______(compare)cross-borderliteraturespreadingtoa“multiplayerinstance”inonlinegames.2.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)WhileAIcanboosttranslationefficiency,“elegance”—the“ya”intheclassicChinesestandardoffaithfulness,expressiveness,andelegance—still_______(require)ahumantouch.3.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语周考)OntheshoresoftheBohaiSeawherethewindingYellowRiver_______(empty)intotheocean,Dongying’slandscapehasbeenshapedbyanunusualgeographicallegacy.4.(2026届南京市、盐城市高三年级第一次模拟考试)Azheke_______(ride)the21st-centurywaveofeco-tourismandbecomeapopulardestination.5.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)WiththeapproachofQingming,oneof24solarterms,which_______(mean)“clearandbright”,theicygripofwinterhasloosened.6.(2026届安徽定远育才学校高三第二次模拟检测)Whatmustremainunchanged_______(be)ourtraditionaldyeing(染色)technique.7.(2026届安徽芜湖市无为中学等校下学期高三3月考试)Nowhersonandotheryoutharetaskedwithpromotingittoensurethattheconversationshe_______(kick)offwithancientneedleworkdecadesagofindseagerlistenersondigitalscreens.8.(2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)Thetermfirst_______(emerge)in1956whenUniversityofChicagosociologistsobservedTVviewersengaginginparasocialrelationshipswithonscreenpersonalities.9.(2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)Opportunitiesforasymmetrical(不对称)relationships_______(mushroom)intheinterneteraoverthepastfewyears.10.(2026届山东省日照第一中学高三下学期3月份单元质量检测)InAnji,acountyinnorthwesternZhejiangProvince,bamboo_______(replace)plasticinvariousproductsinrecentyears.时间：10分钟满分：20分得分：_______一.单项选择1.—Thenumberofapplicantsforthehouse_______inthelastfiveyears.—That’strue.I_______forayear,butmyturnisyettocome.IbelieveIwillmakeit.A.doubled;amqueuingup B.hasdoubled;havebeenqueuedupC.havedoubled;havebeenqueuingup D.hasdoubled;havebeenqueuingup2.—IsPetercoming?—No,he_______hismindafteraphonecallatthelastminute.A.ischanging B.haschanged C.hadchanged D.changed3.—Sally,I_______thedesignalready.—Wow,wonderful!A.amfinishing B.wasfinishing C.finish D.havefinished4.—Ihaven’tseenyouforages.Haveyougraduatedfromcollege?—Yes.I_______EnglishforfouryearsinNanjingUniversity.A.havestudied B.studied C.hadstudied D.isstudying5.Theemployeeyouhadbeenthinkinghighly_______dishonestinhandlingthecompany’sdatasecurity.A.ofproving B.ofproved C.oftoprove D.ofbeingproved6.Theteam_______theproductionprocess,sonowthefactoryoperatesatpeakefficiency.A.hadimproved B.hadbeenimproved C.hasimproved D.hasbeenimproved7.InthememorytestconductedatNankaiUniversity,volunteerswereaskedtorecallthewordsthey_______rightbeforethetaskbegan.A.hadjustmemorized B.werejustmemorizingC.justmemorized D.havejustmemorized8.Thehistoricalwoodenbridgeacrosstheriver_______forover