Unit9Lesson5GrammarinUse课件仁爱科普版八年级英语下册

Unit9ForcesofNatureLesson5GrammarinUse邢台市襄都区晏家屯中学

孟蓓蓓LessonObjectives:Inthislesson,wewillbeableto:1.通过观察和阅读句子理解句中合成词的含义；2.理解和运用副词的比较级和最高级来描述自然灾害；3.感受自然灾害中沙尘暴、飓风等带来的危害,增强安全防范意识并学会基本的地震应急自救措施。Activity1

Lookatthepicturesandreadthesentences.Payattentiontothecompoundwordsinbold.Asnowstormisastormwithstrongwindsandalotofsnow.Athunderstormisastormwiththunderandlightning.Anearthquakeisaquakeofthesurfaceoftheearth.snow+storm=snowstormthunder+storm=earth+quake=thunderstormearthquakecompoundwords(合成词)/stɔ:m/n.

暴风雨/'θʌndə/n.

雷/'laɪtnɪŋ/n.

闪电/kweɪk/n.

地震构成方式：由两个或多个基础单词拼接而成，例如：book（书）

+

case（盒子）→

bookcase（书架）sun（太阳）

+

flower（花）→

sunflower（向日葵）意义整合：合成词的含义并非原词意义的简单叠加，而是形成新的特定概念，例如：butter（黄油）

+

fly（飞）→

butterfly（蝴蝶，并非“黄油飞”）break（打破）+

fast（快）→

breakfast（早餐，指“打破食”）语法功能：作为单一词汇使用，有独立的词性，例如：名词：notebook（笔记本）、classroom（教室）动词：babysit（照看婴儿）、sunbathe（日光浴）形容词：snow-white（雪白的）、part-time（兼职的）合成词合成法:指用两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词法合成名词:1.名词+名词bookstore书店

newspaper报纸farmland

农田teamwork合作

flashlight

手电筒

sunlight阳光homeland祖国

waterfall瀑布

sandstorm

沙尘暴2.形容词+名词/名词+形容词highway公路

freeway高速公路

mainland大陆wildlife野生生物

software软件

hardware硬件blackboard黑板

supermarket超级市场

worldwide全世界范围的合成词3.名词+动词daybreak破晓

nightfall黄昏

sunrise日出sunset落日

snowfall下雪

raindrop雨点teardrop泪珠

earthquake地震4.动词+名词typewriter打字机

drivewheel驱动轮

bathroom浴室

playground操场

springboard跳板

pickpocket扒手5.介词/副词+名词overcoat大衣

background背景

afternoon下午downtown市中心

onlooker旁观者

aftershock

余震6.动词+副词takeaway外卖;

breakthrough突破

makeup化妆;组成breakdown崩溃;故障

breakup分手;分裂

comeback回归，复出7.副词+动词output产量

outbreak爆发

income收入intake摄入

outcome结果

input输入8.其他构成方式father-in-law岳父;公公

daughter-in-law儿媳mother-in-law岳母;婆婆

hide-and-seek捉迷藏游戏Activity2

Fillintheblankswiththegivenwordsinthebox.flashlightsandstormaftershocksupermarket1.You’dbetterbringa(n)__________ifyouneedtowalkonadarkroad.2.Peoplelivinginthedesertknowhowtokeepthemselvessafewhena(n)__________comes.3.Weshouldbuycookedfoodandcleanwaterinthe_____________beforesnowstorm.4.Astrong__________oftheearthquakehappenedabout40minuteslater,anditcausedmoreharmtothearea.flashlightsandstormsupermarketaftershockgrasslandActivity3

Readthetextandguessthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords.Withfewergrasslandsinsomeareas,thesandstormappearsmoreoften.Sandstormscancoverfarmlands,causetrafficaccidents,andharmhumanhealth.Peopleshouldtakeactionintimetofightagainstsandstorms.Or,thesandstormmaybecomeaworldwideproblem.grass+landgrassland草地

sand+stormsandstorm沙尘暴farm+landfarmland田地world+wideworldwide世界范围的Keypointsalotof许多hadbetterdosth.最好做某事onadarkroad在一条漆黑的路上keepthemselvessafe使他们安全

cookedfood熟食cleanwater清洁水causemoreharmto造成更多伤害

takeaction采取行动intime及时fightagainst与...作斗争becomeaworldwideproblem变成全世界的问题Activity1

Pairwork.Readtheconversation.Payattentiontothewordsinbold.Willtherebeadisasterpreventiontrainingatschooltomorrow?Noproblem!Whatshouldweweartoschool?Yes.Wemustarriveearlierthanusual.We’dbetterwearsportsshoes.Wecanperform

bestinsportsshoes./prɪ'venʃn/n.

预防/'ju:ʒəl/adj.

通常的/pə'fɔ:m/v.

演出；表演earlier是early的比较级best是well的最高级1.Willtherebe...?2.Wemustarrive

earlierthanusual.我们必须比平时早到。3.We’dbetter...我们最好...4.Wecanperformbestinsportsshoes.穿着运动鞋我们会能发挥地更好。KeysentencesActivity2

Completethetableandlearnhowtousethecomparativeandsuperlativeadverbs.AdverbComparativeSuperlativefastTheforestfirespreadfasterthanwethought.Theguardsran(the)fastesttoputoutthefire.carefullyHedrives_____________thanIdo.XiaFengchecksthewindows___________________.farWeneedtowalk_______tokeepawayfromtheflood.Thefloodwaterreached_____intotheeasternpartofthecityaftertheheavyrain..morecarefully(the)mostcarefullyfarther(the)farthest物理距离上的更远物理距离上的最远Activity3

Completethetextwiththecorrectformofthegivenwords.badfarhardhighterribleOnNovember1st,2012,HurricaneSandysweptthroughourtown.Istillrememberhowterriblethesuperstorm

was.Welived________awayfromthebeachthanmostofourneighbors,andourhousestoodonahillside.Ithoughtweweresafe.Butthewindwasblowing__________everyminuteandthewaveskeptreaching__________.Soon,thestormarrivedandtookawaytheroofofourhouse.Ithitthebeachsideofthetown______________.Nearlyeverythingtherewasgone.Itisa_______painfulexperienceformeandIstillcan’tgetoverit.fartherharder(the)worstterribly/'su:pəstɔ:m/n.

超级风暴/'hɪlsaɪd/n.

小山坡/ru:f/n.

屋顶/'peɪnfl/adj.

令人疼痛的higher英语中，副词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级。1.副词比较等级的构成副词比较等级的规则变化与形容词比较等级的规则变化大致相同。例如：原级

比较级

最高级fastfasterfastesthardharderhardestlatelaterlatestearlyearlierearliest下列副词的比较等级为不规则变化原级

比较级

最高级badlyworseworstfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestlittlelessleastmuchmoremostwellbetterbest副词比较等级一、1.”as+副词原级+as”表示双方在程度、特征等方面相等Jackworksashardashisbrother.杰克和他哥哥一样努力工作。Sheplaysthepianoaswellashersister.她钢琴弹得和她的姐姐一样好。2."not+as/so+副词原级+as”表示"......不如......”Marydoesn'tdressas/sostrangelyastheothergirls.玛丽的穿着没有其他女生奇特。Shedoesn'tplayaswellashersister.她演奏得不如她姐姐。副词原级的用法1.”副词比较级+than”表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况,意为“.…..….高于或低于.…..…”LiMingjumpedfartherthanWangLin.李明跳得比王林远。Thecarisrunninglesssmoothlythanitusedto.这辆小汽车跑得没有过去平稳了。2.“副词比较级+and+副词比较级”表示事物本身程度的逐渐变化,意为“越来越..”Thewindisblowingmoreandmorestrongly风越刮越大。Herunsfasterandfasterwhenheisnearthefinishingline.快到终点时,他跑得越来越快。3.“the+副词比较级,the+副词比较级”常表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长,意为“越......,就越...”Theharderyouwork,themoreyoulearn.你越努力,学得就越多。Themoreweknoweachother,thebetterweunderstandeachother.我们之间了解得越多,就越能互相理解。比较级的用法1.”the+副词最高级+表示比较范围的短语或从句“结构表示最高级,其中the可以省略

Ilikespring(the)bestofthefourseasons.在四季中,我最喜欢春天。

HestudiesEnglish(the)hardestinhisclass.

他是他班上学英语最刻苦的。2.比较级形式表达最高级意义“比较级+than+anyother+单数可数名词”“比较级+than+theother+复数可数名词““比较级+than+anyoftheother+复数可数名词”“比较级+than+anything/anybodyelse”都可表示最高级意义。

anyotherstudent

Tomrunsfasterthan

theotherstudentsinhisclass.