采用慢速真空过滤法制备取向氮化硼纳米管薄膜及其与单壁碳纳米管的复合薄膜

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AlignedBoronNitrideNanotubeThinFilmsandtheirCo-CompositeswithSingleWallCarbonNanotubesthroughSlowVacuumFiltration

PavelShapturenka,1TehseenAdel,2FrankM.Abel1,AngelaR.HightWalker,2andJeffreyA.Fagan*,1

OfficialcontributionoftheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology

NotsubjecttocopyrightintheUnitedStates

1:MaterialsScienceandEngineeringDivision,NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology,Gaithersburg,MDUSA20899

2:QuantumMeasurementDivision,NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology,Gaithersburg,MDUSA20899

KEYWORDS:Boronnitridenanotubes,carbonnanotubes,directedassembly,anisotropiccolloids,filtration,globalalignment,Ramanscattering

Certainequipment,instruments,software,ormaterials,commercialornon-commercial,areidentifiedinthispaperinordertospecifytheexperimentalprocedureadequately.SuchidentificationisnotintendedtoimplyrecommendationorendorsementofanyproductorservicebytheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST),norisitintendedtoimplythatthematerialsorequipmentidentifiedarenecessarilythebestavailableforthepurpose.

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diametertosingle-wallcarbonnanotubes(SWCNTs)ordouble-wallcarbonnanotubes(DWCNTs)areexpectedtoenableuniquephotonicandelectronicfunctionalitythroughtheircombinationofrobustmechanicalandwide-bandgapelectricalproperties.ThewidebandgapofBNNTsinparticularoffershighopticaltransparencyinvisible(vis)wavelengthsandelectricallyinsulatingbehaviorforapplications,

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1,4,5

butresultsinreduceddimensionalityrelativetodevicesdemonstratedwithhexagonalboronnitride(h-BN).

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6

ThenativeanisotropyofBNNTsnaturallydrivesstronginterestforcontrolledassemblywithaglobaluniaxial(onedirectoraxis),biaxial(alignmentinaplanetowardsadirectoraxis),orotherwisestructuredalignments.Liquid-phaseprocessingmethodsforattainingsuchstructuresareparticularlydesirable,however,directedalignmentviasuchmethodsisstillchallenging,withnumerousaspectsforcontrollingtheassemblybehaviorofBNNTsremainingpoorlyunderstood.NotableadvancesincludemicroscopicalignmentobservedbyKodeetal.inDNA-stabilizedBNNTsolutions;

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significantdegreesofBNNTalignmentincm-scalethinfilmsbySimonsenGinestraetal.throughshearingacid-stabilizedBNNTdispersions;

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andachievementofuniform,verticallyalignedBNNTarraysandmacroscopicstructuresbyAcauanetal.usingtemplatedgrowthonCNTforests.

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Tothislandscapeoftechnologies,wecontributetheformationofbiaxiallyalignedBNNTthinfilms,andeventuallytheirco-compositeswithSWCNTs,throughslowvacuumfiltration(SVF).WhilenoinvestigationsofSVF-basedassemblyhavebeenpreviouslyreportedforBNNTs,inthepastdecadeSVFhasbeendevelopedintoaneffectiveprocessforrealizinghighdegreesofalignmentindimension-controlledSWCNTthinfilmsatscale.

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Althoughcontributingmechanismsarenotfullyunderstood,

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ectronmicroscopy(SEM),andRamanspectroscopy.","container-title":"AdvancedFunctionalMaterials","DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202107411","page":"2107411-2107411","title":"GlobalAlignmentofCarbonNanotubesviaHighPrecisionMicrofluidicDead-EndFiltration","volume":"32","author":[{"family":"Rust","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Li","given":"Han"},{"family":"Gordeev","given":"Georgy"},{"family":"Spari","given":"Manuel"},{"family":"Guttmann","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Qihao"},{"family":"Reich","given":"Stephanie"},{"family":"Flavel","given":"BenjaminS."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2022"]]}}},{"id":488,"uris":["/users/1799519/items/RIT3XASX"],"itemData":{"id":488,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Dead-endfiltrationhasproventoeffectivelypreparemacroscopically(3.8cm2)alignedthinfilmsfromsolutionbasedsingle-wallcarbonnanotubes(SWCNTs).However,tomakethistechniquebroadlyapplicable,theroleofSWCNTlengthanddiametermustbeunderstood.Todate,mostgroupsreportthealignmentofunsorted,largediameter(≈1.4nm)SWCNTs,butsystematicstudiesontheirsmalldiameterarerare(≈0.78nm).Inthiswork,filmswithanareaofA=3.81cm2andathicknessof≈40nmarepreparedfromlength-sortedfractionscomprisingofsmallandlargediameterSWCNTs,respectively.Thealignmentischaracterizedbycross-polarizedmicroscopy,scanningelectronmicroscopy,absorptionandRamanspectroscopy.Forthelongestfractions(Lavg=952nm±431nm,Δ=1.58andLavg=667nm±246nm,Δ=1.55),the2Dorderparameter,S2D,valuesof≈0.6and≈0.76arereportedforthesmallandlargediameterSWCNTsoveranareaofA=625µm2,respectively.AcomparisonofDerjaguin,Landau,Verwey,andOverbeek(DLVO)theorycalculationswiththealigneddomainsizeisthenusedtoproposealawidentifyingtherequiredlengthofacarbonnanotubewithagivendiameterandzetapotential.","container-title":"Small","DOI":"10.1002/smll.202206774","page":"2206774-2206774","title":"TheImpactofCarbonNanotubeLengthandDiameterontheirGlobalAlignmentbyDead-EndFiltration","author":[{"family":"Rust","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Shapturenka","given":"Pavel"},{"family":"Spari","given":"Manuel"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Qihao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Han"},{"family":"Bacher","given":"Andreas"},{"family":"Guttmann","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Adel","given":"Tehseen"},{"family":"Walker","given":"AngelaR.Hight"},{"family":"Fagan","given":"JeffreyA."},{"family":"Flavel","given":"BenjaminS."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2022"]]}},"label":"page"}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}

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andarebeyondthescopeofthiscontributiontoaddress,thesimilarsizes,aspectratios,anddispersingagentsofBNNTsandSWCNTsimplyafruitfultranslationofSVFtoBNNTalignedfilmgeneration.Therearecriticalmilestonesforaccomplishingthisgoal,however,includingadaptingofSVFprotocolstoBNNTfiltration,applyinglessonsaboutpopulationhomogeneityfromSWCNTSVFforoptimizedalignment,andtomeasuretheachievedalignmentinproducedBNNTfilms.

SeveralresearchgroupshavesuccessfullydemonstratedformationofbiaxiallyalignedSWCNTfilmsviaSVF.Inpracticalimplementations,SVFhasproducedfilmsdemonstratinglargeareas(severalcm2)sufficientlyalignedtoexhibithighlypolarizedextinctionandphotoemission,terahertztransduction,chiropticalphenomena,andutilityasahyperbolicmetamaterial.

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