保定理工学院《环境工程专业英语》2025-2026学年第一学期期末试卷(B卷)

站名：站名：年级专业：姓名：学号：凡年级专业、姓名、学号错写、漏写或字迹不清者，成绩按零分记。…………密………………封………………线…………第1页，共1页保定理工学院《环境工程专业英语》2025-2026学年第一学期期末试卷(B卷)注意事项:1.请考生在下列横线上填写姓名、学号和年级专业。2.请仔细阅读各种题目的回答要求，在规定的位置填写答案。3.不要在试卷上乱写乱画，不要在装订线内填写无关的内容。4.考试时间120分钟专业学号姓名题号一二三四五六七八总分统分人复查人得分得分评分人一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1.Theterm"sustainabledevelopment"wasfirstintroducedby_______in1987.A.UnitedNationsB.WorldBankC.InternationalMonetaryFundD.EuropeanUnion2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaprimaryenvironmentalissueinChina?A.AirpollutionB.WaterpollutionC.SoilerosionD.Deforestation3.Theprocessofconvertingorganicwasteintobiogasisknownas_______.A.AnaerobicdigestionB.CompostingC.IncinerationD.Landfilling4.TheCleanAirActof1970intheUnitedStateswasprimarilyaimedat_______.A.ReducingcarbonemissionsB.ControllingwaterpollutionC.ProtectingendangeredspeciesD.Improvingenergyefficiency5.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofrenewableenergysource?A.CoalB.NaturalgasC.SolarenergyD.Nuclearenergy6.Theterm"ecosystemservices"referstothebenefitsthat_______providetohumans.A.BiodiversityB.EcosystemsC.HumanactivitiesD.Naturalresources7.TheKyotoProtocolisaninternationalagreementaimedat_______.A.ReducinggreenhousegasemissionsB.ProtectingendangeredspeciesC.PromotingsustainabledevelopmentD.Improvingenergyefficiency8.Whichofthefollowingisanon-pointsourceofwaterpollution?A.IndustrialdischargeB.SewagetreatmentplantsC.RunofffromagriculturallandsD.Landfills9.Theconceptof"greenbuilding"isbasedontheprinciplesof_______.A.EnergyefficiencyB.SustainabledevelopmentC.EconomicgrowthD.Technologicalinnovation10.Theterm"biodegradable"referstomaterialsthat_______.A.CanbeeasilybrokendownbymicroorganismsB.AreharmfultotheenvironmentC.RequirealongtimetodecomposeD.Arenotsuitableforrecycling11.Theterm"ecologicalfootprint"measurestheamountof_______requiredtosupportanindividual'slifestyle.A.NaturalresourcesB.EnergyconsumptionC.WastegenerationD.Carbonemissions12.Theterm"ecologicalbalance"referstothestateof_______inanecosystem.A.StabilityB.DiversityC.ProductivityD.Biodiversity13.Theterm"ecologicalsanitation"isassociatedwith_______.A.WastemanagementB.WaterconservationC.EnergyproductionD.Biodiversityconservation14.Theterm"environmentalimpactassessment"isaprocessusedto_______.A.EvaluatethepotentialenvironmentaleffectsofaprojectB.IdentifyandmitigateenvironmentalrisksC.MeasuretheimpactofhumanactivitiesontheenvironmentD.Promotesustainabledevelopment15.Theterm"greenhousegas"referstoagasthat_______.A.AbsorbssolarradiationB.ReflectssolarradiationC.TransmitssolarradiationD.Scatterssolarradiation16.Theterm"landfillgas"isamixtureof_______.A.CarbondioxideandmethaneB.OxygenandnitrogenC.CarbonmonoxideandcarbondioxideD.Hydrogenandmethane17.Theterm"permaculture"isadesignapproachthataimsto_______.A.CreatesustainableagriculturalsystemsB.ProtectendangeredspeciesC.ReduceenergyconsumptionD.Promoteeconomicgrowth18.Theterm"sustainableagriculture"isbasedontheprinciplesof_______.A.EnergyefficiencyB.BiodiversityconservationC.EconomicgrowthD.Technologicalinnovation19.Theterm"waterfootprint"measurestheamountof_______requiredtoproduceaproductorservice.A.WaterresourcesB.EnergyconsumptionC.WastegenerationD.Carbonemissions20.Theterm"zerowaste"referstoagoalof_______.A.ReducingwastegenerationB.RecyclingallwasteC.CompostingallwasteD.Disposingofallwaste二、多项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.ThefollowingaresomeofthemajorenvironmentalissuesinChina:A.AirpollutionB.WaterpollutionC.SoilerosionD.DeforestationE.Urbanization2.Thefollowingaresomeofthebenefitsofrenewableenergysources:A.ReducinggreenhousegasemissionsB.ReducingenergycostsC.PromotingenergysecurityD.ReducingdependenceonfossilfuelsE.Creatingnewjobs3.Thefollowingaresomeoftheprinciplesofsustainabledevelopment:A.EnvironmentalprotectionB.SocialequityC.EconomicgrowthD.BiodiversityconservationE.Energyefficiency4.Thefollowingaresomeofthechallengesofenvironmentalprotection:A.TechnologicallimitationsB.EconomicconstraintsC.PoliticaloppositionD.SocialattitudesE.Lackofawareness5.Thefollowingaresomeofthestrategiesforwastemanagement:A.RecyclingB.CompostingC.IncinerationD.LandfillingE.Banningcertainproducts三、判断题（每题1分，共10分）1.Theterm"sustainabledevelopment"wasfirstintroducedbytheWorldBankin1987.(×)2.AirpollutionisasignificantenvironmentalissueinChina.(√)3.TheCleanAirActof1970intheUnitedStateswasprimarilyaimedatreducingcarbonemissions.(×)4.Solarenergyisatypeofrenewableenergysource.(√)5.Theconceptof"ecosystemservices"referstothebenefitsthatecosystemsprovidetohumans.(√)6.TheKyotoProtocolisaninternationalagreementaimedatreducinggreenhousegasemissions.(√)7.Theterm"landfillgas"isamixtureofcarbondioxideandmethane.(√)8.Theterm"permaculture"isadesignapproachthataimstocreatesustainableagriculturalsystems.(√)9.Theterm"sustainableagriculture"isbasedontheprinciplesofenergyefficiency.(×)10.Theterm"zerowaste"referstoagoalofreducingwastegeneration.(√)四、名词解释（每题4分，共20分）1.Biodiversity2.Ecosystemservices3.Greenhousegas4.Sustainabledevelopment5.Wastemanagement五、简答题（每题6分，共18分）1.Brieflyexplaintheconceptof"ecologicalfootprint"anditssignificance.2.DiscussthechallengesandopportunitiesofrenewableenergysourcesinChina.3.Explaintheimportanceofsustainableagricultureanditsbenefits.六、案例分析题（1题，满分12分）Readthefollowingcasestudyandanswerthequestionsthatfollow:CaseStudy:AmanufacturingcompanyinChinahasbeenproducingelectronicproductsforsev