Unit2+Morals+and+Virtues高中英语人教版必修第三册

Unit2

MoralsandVirtuesWordsandExpressions1.faint

vi.昏倒;晕厥adj.不清楚的;微弱的→faintly

adv.微弱地;隐约地;2.illustrate

vt.(举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图→illustration

n.(书、杂志等中的)图表，插图;(说明事实的)故事;图解;图示;例释3.marry

v.结婚;嫁;娶→marriage

n.结婚;婚姻→married

adj.已婚的4.major

adj.主要的vi.主修n.主修课程;→majority

n.大部分;大多数5.complain

vi.&vt.抱怨;发牢骚→complaint

n.抱怨;投诉6.respond

vt.回答;回复vi.做出反应;回应→response

n.反应;回答;回复7.scholar

n.学者→scholarship

n.奖学金8.reject

vt.拒绝接受;不录用→rejection

n.拒绝接受;否决9.appoint

vt.任命;委派→appointment

n.约会;任命;委任10.elect

vt.选举;推选→election

n.选举;推选;当选11.publish

vt.发表(作品);出版→publisher

n.出版人(或机构);发行人(或机构)→publishing

n.出版(业);发行(业)12.tend

vt.照顾;照料vi.倾向;趋于→tendency

n.趋势;趋向13.retire

vt.&vi.退休;退职;退出→retirement

n.退休→retired

adj.退休的14.save

vt.救vi.&vt.节省;储蓄→saving

n.节省物;节省;节约;[pl.]储蓄金;存款15.scare

vt.惊吓;使害怕vi.受惊吓→scared

adj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary

adj.吓人的;恐怖的16.sharp

adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的→sharply

adv.急剧地;严厉地→sharpen

vt.&vi.(使)变得锋利;(使)提高17.replace

vt.接替;取代;更换→replacement

n.更换;更替;替换的人/物18.accident

n.事故;→accidental

adj.意外的;偶然的→accidentally

adv.意外地;偶然地19.operate

vi.做手术;运转vt.经营;操作→operation

n.手术;经营→operator

n.操作员;接线员;经营者20.assist

vt.帮助;援助→assistant

n.助理;助手→assistance

n.帮助;援助21.memory

n.记忆力;回忆→memorize

vt.记住;记忆→memorable

adj.难忘的22.harm

n.&vt.伤害;损害→harmful

adj.有害的→harmless

adj.无害的23.flexible

adj.灵活的;可变通的→flexibly

adv.灵活地→flexibility

n.灵活性24.tense

adj.紧张的;(尤指肌肉、身体)拉紧的n.(动词的)时态→tension

n.紧张关系;紧张;moral

['mɒrəl]adj.道德的;道义上的n.品行;道德;寓意moralkidnapping 道德绑架Themoralof……的道德教训/寓意morallyadv.道德上;有道德地;确实地反：immoraladj.不道德的;邪恶的

这个故事的寓意是：一个人必须要诚实。Themoralofthestoryisthatonemustbehonest.virtuen.美德——(形近)virtualadj.虚拟的traditionalvirtue传统美德honesty

诚实loyalty 忠诚generosity 慷慨bravery

勇敢responsibility 责任心perseverance 坚持self-discipline 自律P53&54dilemma[dɪ'lemə]

n.进退两难的境地;困境Moraldilemma道德困境Asituationinwhichyouhavetwoormoredifficultchoicestomake.Ifyouchooseone,youmightgetintroublefornotchoosingtheother(s).她左右为难，想知道接下来要做什么。Shewasinadilemma,wonderingwhattodonext.beinadilemma处于困境中putsbintoa

dilemma使某人陷入困境getoutofthedilemma摆脱进退两难的境地面临道德困境，她不得不做出选择。Facedwithamoraldilemma,shehadtomakeachoice.face/befacedwiththedilemma(about/of…)面对(……)困境P30faint

[feɪnt]

v.昏倒;晕厥adj.不清楚的;微弱的afainthope渺茫的希望faintmemory模糊的记忆afaintsmile afaintscentofflowers

Thereisstillafainthopethatshemaybecured.Ihaveafaintmemoryoftheeventsthatoccurredthatnight.

Hefeltfaintandhadtositdown.

Hefaintedatthesightofhisownblood.淡淡的笑容

淡淡的花香___________n.

插图画家___________

n.

插画；图解The__________iscomposingan________to_________thestory.illustrate

['ɪləstreɪt] v.(举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图illustratorillustrationAn

________textbook有插图的课本illustrator

illustration

illustrate

illustratedprecious

['preʃəs] adj.珍稀的;宝贵的形近：previousadj.先前的beprecioustosb对某人而言很珍贵 precious

=________珍惜v.________=_______valuabletreasurecherishThememoriesofyourseniorhigh

arepreciousto

youandyoucan’taffordtoforgetthem.TheactivitylastedforthewholedayandIfeltgreatlyluckytohavesuchapreciouschance.entrust

[ɪn'trʌst] v.委托;交付entrust…tosb=entrustsbwith…

把...交付/委托某人他把这个任务托付给他的女儿。Heentrustedthetasktohisdaughter.carrysbthroughsth帮助某人渡过难关近似：helpsboutcarryondoingsth.=continuedoingsth.继续做carryoutthepolicy

=perform实施；履行carryoffaprize=win赢得一个奖项carryforwardthetraditionalculture 弘扬传统文化

她的鼓励和支持帮助我渡过了艰难时光。Herencouragementandsupportcarriedmethroughdifficulttimes.carrysth.through 把某事进行到底尽管有困难，他还是成功把这个计划进行到底。Despitethedifficulties,hemanagedtocarrytheplanthrough.P36marriage

['mærɪdʒ] n.结婚;婚姻marryv.结婚married adj.已婚的unmarriedadj.未婚的marrysb与某人结婚bemarried(tosb)（与……结婚）【表状态】getmarried(tosb)(与……结婚）【表动作】她嫁给了一个有钱人。Shemarriedarichperson.婚礼_________新郎_________新娘_________伴郎_________伴娘_________weddingbridebridegroombridesmaidbestmanmajority

[mə'dʒɒrəti]

n.大部分;大多数majoradj.主要的;v.主修；n.专业；主修课程minoradj.少数的（反义词）minority n.少数；少数民族themajorityof...

大多数…theminority

of...

少数beina/themajority

占多数majorin主修……Themajority_______________(be)infavouroftheproposal.Themajorityofthecake_______(have)gonebad.Themajorityofstudents________(agree)thatmathematicsisimportant.was/werehasThemajority做主语，谓语动词都行;Themajorityof+N.做主语，看后面名词来决定谓语动词的单复数。agreeP36(2022全国乙卷学习活动状况描述)调查结果显示，大部分学生选择听英语歌曲和看英语电影来学习英语。Theresultsofthesurveyshowthatstudents

whochoosetolistentoEnglishsongsandwatchEnglishmoviestolearnEnglishareinthemajority.complain

[kəm'pleɪn]v.抱怨;埋怨;发牢骚complaint n.抱怨;投诉类似变化：weigh→weight

join→joint

complain(tosb.)about/ofsth.向某人抱怨某事=makeacomplainttosb.about/ofsth.complain(tosb.)that+句子(向某人)抱怨……我们应该想想如何解决问题而不是抱怨别人的错误。Wearesupposedtothinkabouthowtosolvetheprobleminsteadofcomplainingaboutothers'mistakes.P36respond

[rɪ'spɒnd] v.回答;回复;做出反应;回应responsen.反应;回答;回复respondtosb/sth对……对出反应/答复inresponseto为了回应；作为对……的回应make/give(no)responseto对……(不)做出反应/回答大部分学生积极响应老师的提议。Amajorityofthestudentsrespondedactivelytotheproposalraisedbytheteacher.我想写信回应你询问英语学习方法的信。IamwritinginresponsetoyourletteraskingformethodsoflearningEnglish.P37union

['juːniən] n.协会;联合会;工会theStudents’Union学生会theEuropeanUnion欧盟Uniongivesstrength.团结就是力量。hire

['haɪə(r)] v.聘任;雇用;租用n.租借;租用反：firev.解雇hireout出租hiresbtodosth雇佣某人做某事onhire在租用中；被租用

（表状态）forhire供出租；可租用(表用途、目的)Thecarisonhire.physician

[fɪ'zɪʃn] n.医师;内科医生physicsn.物理physicistn.物理学家physicaladj.物理的；身体的rejectionn.拒绝接受;否决同：refusev.拒绝反：acceptv.接受

reject

['riːdʒekt] v.拒绝接受;不录用;拒收所有大学都没有录取我。Ihavebeenrejectedbyalltheuniversities.doctor医生________牙医________外科医生________手术dentistsurgeonoperationrefusalacceptanceappoint

[ə'pɔɪnt] v.任命;委派appointmentn.任命；约定；约会appointedadj.约定的；指定的 appointsb

as/tobe……任命某人为…… appointsbtodosth任命某人去做某事make/haveanappointmentwithsb.与某人预约/约会keep/breakan/theappointment守/违(爽)约他被任命为这个协会的主席。Hewasappointedas

chairmanoftheunion.P371.(2023·北京)Iturnedupatthe____________(appoint)

hourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguesthadarrivedandmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.2.(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Torememberallthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor'soffice,writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyour____________(appoint).3.(2020·全国ⅠI活动介绍)兴奋而又充满活力的参赛者在指定时间集合。

appointmentappointedTheparticipants,eagerandenergetic,gatheredtogether

attheappointedtime.elect

[ɪ'lekt] v.选举;推选;决定election [ɪ'lekʃn] n.选举;推选electsb(as)……选举某人为……ageneralelection大选

holdanelection 举行选举winanelection 在选举中获胜aroundofelection 一轮选举他被选为新的领导人。Hewaselectedas

thenewleader.thenewly_______(elect)president

新当选的总统electedsaving

['seɪvɪŋ] n.节省物;节省;节约(pl.)储蓄金;存款

savev.救助；节省saveone’slife救某人的命savemoney省钱

一位退休教师retirefrom...从……退休retire

[rɪ'taɪə(r)] v.退休;退职;退出retiredadj.退休的，退役的；退隐的；retirementn.退休，退职aretiredteachertend

[tend]v.照顾;照料;倾向;趋于tend(to)sb./sth.=attendtosb/sth照料/照看某人/物tendtodosth 易于做某事;往往会发生某事haveatendencytodosth.做某事的倾向tendencyn.趋势这位病人很容易昏倒，所以我们要耐心照顾她。Thispatient____________,soweshould_____her_________.消费者有在网络购物的倾向。Thereisagrowingtendencyamongconsumerstoshoponline.tendstofainttendpatientlyP38scared

[skeəd] adj.害怕的;对…感到惊慌/恐惧的scaryadj.吓人的，恐怖的scare[skeə(r)] v.惊吓;使害怕近义词：afraid/frightened/terrified(adj)bescaredof(doing)sth.害怕(做）某事bescaredtodosth.害怕做某事scaresb.away 吓走某人bescaredtodeath

吓得要死Theatmospherewas_______andwefelt________stayingintheroom.(scare)很怕黑，他不敢走进房间。scaryscaredP38Scaredofdarkness,hewasscaredtoentertheroom.sharp

[ʃɑːp]adj.(增长/下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的sharplyadv.急剧地，大幅度地；严厉地sharpenvt.(使)变得锋利sharpener

n.削笔刀asharpdrop/increaseinthepricesasharpknifeasharpcontrastasharptonguesharpeyesasuddensharppainasharpsmell价格暴跌/涨锋利的刀鲜明的对比说话刻薄敏锐的眼睛突然的疼痛刺鼻的味道insurance

[ɪn'ʃʊərəns]:n.保险;保险业insurev.投保；为……提供保险ensurev.确保；保证aninsurancecompany保险公司accidentinsurance意外保险replace

[rɪ'pleɪs] v.接替;取代;更换该厂用机器代替了大部分的工人。Thefactoryreplacedmostofitsworkerswithrobots.replacementn.代替，更换replacedadj.被替换的replaceableadj.可代替的replaceAwith/byB用B代替Ataketheplaceof…/takeone’splace代替；取代（动词短语可作谓语）inplaceof...代替……（介词短语,不可单独作谓语）P38accident

['æksɪdənt] n.事故;车祸;失事byaccident偶然地；不小心bydesign=onpurpose有意地,故意地accidentaladj意外的;偶然的accidentallyadv.意外地，偶然地那个老妇人不小心拖走了我的手推车。Theoldwomandraggedmycartbyaccident.operation

[ˌɒpə‘reɪʃn]

n.手术；企业；经营operatevi.运转、动手术、经营；vt.操作、经营operatorn.操作员;经营者put...intooperation实施;使...运转operateonsb给某人做手术=do/performanoperationonsboperatingroom手术室

P44whisper

['wɪspə(r)]vi.悄声说;耳语;低语n.耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传whisper(sth)tosb向某人低声说某事whisperaboutsth嘀咕某事inalowwhisper/voice低声地;悄声地Thewomaninredleanedovertowhispersomethingto

her

friend.Theytalkedwitheachotherinawhisperinthecorner.P45assist [ə'sɪst] v.帮助;援助assistancen.帮助;援助 assistantn.助手;助理;副手assistsbtodo/indoingsth帮助某人做某事assistsbwith/insth在某方面帮助某人cometoone’sassistance援助某人withtheassistance/helpof...在……的帮助下我乐意帮助你学习这门外语。Iamwillingtoassistyoutolearntheforeignlanguage.

我们将不遗余力地协助他解决这个问题。Wewillsparenoeffortstoassisthiminsolvingthisproblem.P45passaway 去世passsbsth=passsthtosb把某物递给某人passby经过;(时间)过去passdown把...流传下去passon传递passout分发;分配;昏倒passthrough经过；路过passup放弃;错过(机会等)memory

['meməri]

n.记忆力;回忆inmemoryof 作为对…的纪念（=inhonorof）haveagood/badmemory(for)记忆力好/差memorizev.记忆为了纪念他母亲,他设立了一个教育基金。Hesetupaneducationalfundinmemoryofhismother.拓展：insearchof寻找infavourof赞同,支持intermsof就……而言P45disguise

[dɪs'ɡaɪz] v.装扮;假扮;掩盖n.伪装木兰女扮男装。Mulandisguisedherselfasaman.in

disguise伪装;假装;乔装打扮

disguisesb.as…将某人伪装成……spill[spɪl] v.(spilt/spilled,spilt/spilled)(使)洒出;(使)溢出Don’tcryoverthespiltmilk.覆水难收

tear[tɪə(r)] n._________[teə(r)]v._________眼泪;泪水撕破；撕扯Thelittleboyburstintotearsbecausehefailedtheexam.Hetorethepaperupandandthrewitonthefloor.(tore;torn)__tears流着泪；含着泪_________tears突然大哭起来fight/hold_____tears强忍住泪水withtearsrolling/streaming/rnningdownone'scheekbebrimmingwithtearsbeinfloodsoftears_______________