Unit1ScienceFictionReviewusefulstructures课件高中英语人教版（2019）选择性

Unit1ScienceFictionDiscoveringUsefulStructuresLearningobjectivesInthisclass,youareexpectedtobeableto:掌握被动语态的基本形式；学习被动语态在不同时态中的使用；了解常用被动语态句型；将被动语态应用于写作中。

Whatkindofvoicestheyare?Activevoice(主动语态)orPassivevoice（被动语态）?FanChangyubeatsYanZheng. 樊长玉打了言正。YanZhengisbeatenbyFanChangyu. 言正被樊长玉打了。被动语态的概念一、什么是语态？语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明___________和___________之间的关系。二、语态的种类：______________和_________________三、被动语态的形式：____________________________Youhitme.Iwashit/beaten.主语谓语动词主动语态被动语态bedone(动词的过去分词)用法1）不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者e.g.Thisoldbridgewasbuiltin1980.ThiswatchismadeinChina.2）强调动作的承受者，不强调动作的执行者，如果要指出动作的执行者，则由介词by引出e.g.Thethiefwascaught(bypolice).3）文章标题，广告新闻中e.g.Womenarewanted.Tom

broke

theglassyesterday.Theglass

wasbroken

by

Tomyesterday.主动语态变被动语态三变：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词变被动(bedone)一不变：其他均不变主语谓语动词宾语主语谓语动词宾语Passivevoicein

differenttenses

不同时态中的被动Everyoneloves“DaWanji”.Peopleregarditasamascot(吉祥物)inthe15thNationalGamesofChina.“DaWanji”_________

(byeveryone).It___________asamascot(吉祥物)inthe15thNationalGamesofChina(bypeople).do/does---一般现在时islovedisregardedam/is/aredoneLiuPinyun,deputydean（院长）ofGuangzhouAcademyofFineArts(广州美术学院),designedtheimageof“DaWanji”in2025.Theimageof“DaWanji”______________byLiuPinyun,deanofGuangzhouAcademyofFineArts(广州美术学院)in2025.一般过去时did---wasdesignedwas/weredoneAcountrywillgivecitizenshiptorobotsinthefuture.Scientistssaidthatrobotswouldn’ttakeovertheworldinthefuture.Robots_____________citizenship(byacountry)inthefuture.Scientistssaidthattheworld____________________

(byrobots)inthefuture.一般将来时过去将来时willdo---woulddo---willbegiven

wouldn’tbetaken

overwillbedonewouldbedoneAman______________________(threaten)byChangyunow.WesawascreenshotfromTVthataman____________________(threaten)byChangyuatthemoment.现在进行时过去进行时am/is/aredoing---was/weredoing---isbeingthreatenedwasbeingthreatenedam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneSonnyhaslearntthefeelingofangersincetheconversationwiththedetective.ThedetectivefoundthatSonnyhadlearntthefeelingofanger.现在完成时过去完成时has/havedone---haddone---Thefeelingofanger_____________

bySonnysincetheconversationwiththedetective.Thedetectivefoundthatthefeelingofanger______________bySonny.

hasbeenlearnthadbeenlearnthas/havebeendonehadbeendoneWecandefeatenemytheifweworktogether!Theenemy______________ifweworktogether!情态动词can/could/should/may/might+do----canbedefeated情态动词+bedoneSummary主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/does一般过去式did一般/过去将来时will/woulddo现在进行时am/is/aredoing过去进行时was/weredoing现在完成时has/havedone过去完成时haddone语态时态am/is/are+donewas/were+donewill/would+bedoneam/is/are+beingdonewas/were+beingdonehas/have+beendonehad+beendone含情态动词情态动词+do情态动词+bedonePracticalsentencepatternsinpassivevoice

常用被动语态句型02

ReviewandRecall带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时,一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语,而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为主语补足语)。特殊结构的被动形式(1)带复合宾语的动词的被动结构

例：HisfathercalledhimJack.HewascalledJackbyhisfather.

ReviewandRecall注意！Theteachermadehimcleantheclassroomalone.Hewasmadetocleantheclassroomalonebytheteacher.在主动语态中，make，hear，see等词后接不定式时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。

ReviewandRecall(2)双宾动词的被动结构

例：He

gave

her

some

money.

She

was

given

some

money.

Some

money

was

given

to

her.带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前作主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to

或for。

ReviewandRecall(3)动词短语的被动结构

常见的结构有：WelookforwardtotheSpringFestivalGala.TheSpringFestivalGalaislookedforwardtobyus.动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。

ReviewandRecall(4)主动形式表被动意义①

有些不及物动词主动形式可表被动意义

某些连系动词，如feel,look,prove,smell,sound,taste等。例：Itcan’tmove.

Thedoorwon’tshut.

某些与can’t,won’t等连用的不及物动词，如move,lock,shut,open等。例：Mynewpenwriteswell.Theclothdoesn’twasheasily.某些可与well,easily等副词连用的不及物动词，如read,write,wash等。例：Thefoodtastedbetterthanitlooked.

ReviewandRecall例：Acaraccidenthappened.Thenewsspreadquickly.d.表示发生(happen/takeplace/occur/comeabout),爆发(breakout/burstout),属于(belongto)和传播(spread)的不及物动词e.某些短语主动形式表示被动意义，comeup(提出),runout(用完)例：Thequestionhasn’tcomeupyet.Thewaterranoutyesterday.

ReviewandRecall例：Thefilmiswellworthseeing.Thepolicyispartlytoblameforcausingtheworst

unemployment

inEurope.在beworthdoing和betoblame结构中，动词-ing形式或动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。

当want,need,require,deserve表示“需要”或“值得”时，其宾语可用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。例：Thecarpetreallywantscleaning(=tobecleaned).Mosthouseplantsrequirewatering(=tobewatered).

ReviewandRecall②非谓语动词的某些主动形式表示被动意义例：Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Volleyballisveryinterestingtowatch.

在“be+形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。常见形容词有：cheap,easy,comfortable,difficult,hard,light,heavy,expensive,pleasant,interesting,fit等

ReviewandRecall被动意义的其他表示方法例：Theproposalisunderconsideration,andwewillmakeadecisionsoon. Thefamouspaintingisonexhibitionatthemuseum. Thepriceisindispute. Thesituationhasbeenbeyondcontrol.“介词+名词”结构表示被动意义：on，in，under，beyond，above，past等介词后可以表示被动意义。课堂微练即时检验PART02第二部分Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2023·天津卷)Thewoodentowerthat_______________

(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon,andtheworkisalmostfinished.2．(2024·北京卷)OnApril5,2024,JohnTinniswood____________

(name)theworld'soldestlivingman.isbeingrestored

wasnamed

3．Whenfatandsalt____________

(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.4．Thoughwedon'tknowwhatwasbeingdiscussed,yetwecanfeelthetopic_________________

(change).5．Thesurfaceofthistablefeelssosmooth.Ithinkitiswellworth____________

(buy).areremoved

hasbeenchangedbuying6．Thewater____________

(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.7．Jonesgottheideaafterhehadtalkedwithasaleswomanwho___________________

(cheat)ofhermoney.8．Afterhetookoverthecompany,hedecidedtohavemoreworkersfortheprojectsothatitwon't____________

(delay).felt

hadbeencheated

bedelayed9．Inherspeech,shestressesthatnoproblemhereisdifficult____________

(work)out,ifwethinkcarefullyenough.10．Thevisitorsarerequired__________________________(accompany)byaguide,andtheymustfollowtheparkrules.toworkaccompanying/tobeaccompaniedⅡ.语法与写作(句型转换)1．YesterdaywhenIenteredmyson'sbedroom,hewasplayingacellphonegame.(改为被动语态)→________________________________________________________________________________________________YesterdaywhenIenteredmyson'sbedroom,acellphonegamewasbeingplayedbyhim.2．Shortlyafterhepassedhisqualificationtests，hisformerteachercalledhimbacktoLondontocontinuehisresearch.(改为被动语态)→_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．Hehurriedtothestation,andwastoldthetrainhadleft.(改为“only＋动词不定式”的被动语态)→_________________________________________________________Shortlyafterhepassedhisqualificationtests，