2020年下半年陕西省医护英语水平考试METS听力考试真题练习及答案

2020年下半年陕西省医护英语水平考试METS听力考试练习题练习及答案SectionA:ShortConversations（共15题）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear15shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.1.W:Dr.Liu,thepatientinRoom305iscomplainingofchesttightnessagain.HisBPis150/95,andSpO₂droppedto92%onroomair.M:Didhetakehisnitroglycerin?Administer0.4mgsublinguallynow.Also,increaseoxygento4L/minandmonitorEKGcontinuously.Q:Whatisthedoctor’sinstructionforthepatient?A.AdjusttheoxygenflowrateB.PerformabloodtransfusionC.ScheduleachestX-rayimmediatelyD.Reducethedosageofnitroglycerin2.M:Nurse,whencanItakeashoweraftermykneesurgery?Thedressingisabititchy.W:Theincisionneedstostaydryforatleast7days.Ifit’sitchy,don’tscratch—youcanapplycalaminelotiongentlyaroundthearea,butavoidthestitches.Q:Whatshouldthepatientavoiddoing?A.ApplyinglotionnearthestitchesB.KeepingtheincisiondryC.ScratchingtheitchyareaD.Takingashowerwithwarmwater3.W:Mr.Chen,yourfastingbloodglucosethismorningwas7.8mmol/L.Let’sreviewyourdiet.Didyouhaveanythingsweetbeforethetest?M:Ionlyhadacupofblacktea.Butmywifemaderedbeanporridgeforbreakfastyesterday—maybethat’swhy?W:Redbeansarehighinstarch,whichcanraisebloodsugar.Trytolimitstarchyfoodsto150gpermeal.Q:Whywasthepatient’sbloodglucoseelevated?A.HedranksweetenedteaB.HeconsumedstarchyfoodC.HeskippedhisdiabetesmedicationD.Hehadaninfectionpost-surgery4.M:Nurse,thelabelonthisIVbagsays“cefazolin1g,”butmyallergybraceletclearlystatesI’mallergictopenicillin.W:Ohno,I’msorry!Letmecheckthedoctor’sorderagain.Cefazolinisacephalosporin—there’sacross-reactivityriskwithpenicillin.I’llstoptheinfusionimmediatelyandinformthephysician.Q:Whatisthenurse’simmediateaction?A.IncreasetheIVinfusionrateB.ReplacetheantibioticwithpenicillinC.StopthecefazolininfusionD.Documentthepatient’scomplaint5.W:Dr.Wang,theelderlypatientinERhasaGCSscoreof12:E3,V4,M5.Pupilsareequalandreactive,buthe’sconfusedabouttimeandplace.M:Checkhisbloodglucosefirst—hypoglycemiacanmimicneurologicalsymptoms.Also,orderanon-contrastheadCTtoruleoutstroke.Q:Whatisthedoctor’sprimaryconcern?A.SeveredehydrationB.HypoglycemiaorstrokeC.DrugoverdoseD.Cardiacarrhythmia6.M:Nurse,mymother’soxygenmaskkeepsslipping.Canweswitchtoanasalcannula?Shefindsthemaskclaustrophobic.W:HerSpO₂is88%on2Lviacannula,but92%withthemask.Let’stryasmallermasksizefirst.Ifshestillcan’ttolerateit,we’llconsultrespiratorytherapyforalternatives.Q:Whatisthenurse’ssuggestion?A.ImmediatelyswitchtoanasalcannulaB.TryasmalleroxygenmaskC.ReducetheoxygenflowrateD.Administersedationtocalmthepatient7.W:Patient2intheICU:temp39.2°C,HR110,RR24.WBCis18,000with85%neutrophils.Thecentrallinewasinserted5daysago.M:Removethecentrallineandsendthetipforculture.Startbroad-spectrumantibiotics—piperacillin-tazobactam4.5gIVq8h.Q:Whatisthelikelydiagnosis?A.UrinarytractinfectionB.Centralline-associatedbloodstreaminfectionC.PneumoniaD.Surgicalsiteinfection8.M:Nurse,whenwillthephysicaltherapistcome?Myleftlegfeelsweakafterthestroke,andIwanttostartwalkingassoonaspossible.W:ThePTroundsat10AMdaily.She’llassessyourmusclestrengthanddesignaprogram—probablyincludingrange-of-motionexercisesfirst,thenweight-bearingwithassistance.Q:Whatwillthephysicaltherapistdofirst?A.HelpthepatientwalkindependentlyB.EvaluatemusclestrengthC.PrescribepainmedicationD.Applyheattherapytotheleg9.W:Mr.Li,yourcolonoscopyisscheduledfortomorrowmorning.Youneedtofastaftermidnightandtakethebowelprepsolutionat6PMand8PMtoday.M:CanIhaveasipofwaterformybloodpressurepill?W:Clearliquidsareallowedupto2hoursbeforetheprocedure,butnosolidfood.Takethepillwithasmallamountofwater.Q:Whatisthepatientallowedtohavebeforethecolonoscopy?A.AsliceoftoastB.AcupofblackcoffeeC.AsmallsipofwaterformedicationD.Abowlofchickennoodlesoup10.M:Nurse,mydaughterhasafeverof38.5°Candarashonhertrunk.Thepediatriciansaidit’sroseola—willitspreadtootherkids?W:Roseolaismostcontagiousbeforetherashappears.Nowthattherashisout,she’slessinfectious,butkeepherhomefor2-3daysuntilthefeversubsides.Q:Whenisroseolamostcontagious?A.AftertherashdevelopsB.DuringthefeverphasebeforetherashC.WhenthefeversubsidesD.Whentherashstartstofade11.W:Dr.Zhao,thepatientwithCHFhas3+pittingedemainbothlowerextremities.Dailyweightincreasedby2kgovernight.M:Increasefurosemideto80mgIVtwicedaily.Monitorelectrolytesevery12hours—especiallypotassium.Also,restrictfluidintaketo1500mL/day.Q:Whatistheprimarygoalofincreasingfurosemide?A.LowerbloodpressureB.ReduceedemaandfluidoverloadC.ImprovecardiaccontractilityD.Preventbloodclots12.M:Nurse,Iforgottotakemyinsulinthismorning.Mybloodsugaris220mg/dLnow.ShouldItakeadoubledose?W:Neverdoublethedose—extrainsulincouldcausehypoglycemia.Takeyourregularmorningdosenow,andcheckbloodsugaragainin2hours.Ifit’sstillhigh,callthedoctor.Q:Whatshouldthepatientdo?A.TakeadoubledoseofinsulinimmediatelyB.SkipthemorningdosetoavoidhypoglycemiaC.TaketheregulardoseandmonitorbloodsugarD.Injectinsulinintoadifferentsite13.W:Thepatientwithafracturedhipisrefusingphysicaltherapy.Hesaysit’stoopainful.M:Assesshispainlevelfirst—usethenumericratingscale.Ifit’s7/10orhigher,administer5mgmorphine30minutesbeforetherapy.Paincontrolwillimprovecompliance.Q:Whatisthedoctor’sadvice?A.ForcethepatienttoattendtherapydespitepainB.AdministermorphinebeforephysicaltherapyifpainissevereC.CancelphysicaltherapyindefinitelyD.Useanon-pharmacologicalpainreliefmethodonly14.M:Nurse,mywifehadamastectomyyesterday.Thesurgeonmentionedlymphnodedissection—willthataffectherarmfunction?W:Lymphedemaisarisk,butearlyrange-of-motionexercisescanhelp.Sheshouldavoidheavyliftingwiththatarmandwearacompressionsleeveifswellingoccurs.Q:Whatisapotentialcomplicationoflymphnodedissection?A.NervedamageinthebackB.LymphedemainthearmC.ChronicshoulderpainD.Impairedbreastreconstruction15.W:Theemergencycall:a5-year-oldingestedabottleofironsupplements.Parentsfoundtheemptybottle30minutesago.M:Activatedcharcoalwon’tbindiron—inducevomitingiscontraindicated.Prepareforgastriclavageandadministerdeferoxamine,achelatingagent.Q:Whyisactivatedcharcoalnotrecommended?A.ItcausesirontoabsorbfasterB.ItdoesnotbindtoironeffectivelyC.ItincreasestheriskofvomitingD.Itistoxictochildrenunder6---SectionB:LongConversations（共5题）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear2longconversations.Eachconversationwillbefollowedbyseveralquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Conversation1W:Goodmorning,Dr.Li.ThisisNurseZhangcallingfromthemedicalward.Patient407,Mrs.Wang,68yearsold,wasadmittedforexacerbationofCOPD.She’son2Loxygenviacannula,SpO₂90%.M:Anychangessincelastnight?W:Shestartedcoughingupthickyellowsputumthismorning,about50mL.Temperatureis38.6°C,HR112,RR26.WBC14,000.M:Soundslikearespiratoryinfection.Let’sgetasputumcultureandsensitivity.Startazithromycin500mgIVdailyandceftriaxone1gIVq12h.Increaseoxygento3LandmonitorSpO₂everyhour.W:Herfamilyisaskingaboutherprognosis.She’sbeenhospitalizedthreetimesthisyear.M:Reassurethemthatwe’retreatingtheinfection,butCOPDexacerbationsarecommon.Emphasizetheimportanceofsmokingcessation—shestillsmokes5cigarettesaday.Also,referhertopulmonaryrehabafterdischarge.16.Whatisthepatient’sprimarydiagnosis?A.PneumoniaB.ChronicobstructivepulmonarydiseaseC.HeartfailureD.Lungcancer17.Whatnewsymptomdidthepatientdevelop?A.ChestpainB.Hemoptysis(coughingupblood)C.ProductivecoughwithyellowsputumD.Shortnessofbreathatrest18.Whatisthedoctor’sorderforantibiotics?A.AzithromycinandceftriaxoneB.PenicillinandvancomycinC.AmoxicillinandclindamycinD.Doxycyclineandmetronidazole19.Whyissmokingcessationemphasized?A.SmokingcauseslungcancerB.ItreducestheriskofCOPDexacerbationsC.ItimprovescardiacfunctionD.Itpreventshypertension20.Whatisrecommendedafterdischarge?A.CardiacrehabilitationB.PulmonaryrehabilitationC.ChemotherapyD.Dialysis---Conversation2M:Nurse,Ineedtotalktoyouaboutmyfather’scare.He’s82,withAlzheimer’s,andhekeepstryingtogetoutofbedatnight.Lastnighthefellandbruisedhiship.W:I’msorrytohearthat,Mr.Liu.We’vebeenusingabedalarm,buthe’sbecomingmoreresistant.Let’sdiscussalternatives.Physicalrestraintsarenotrecommendedduetosafetyrisks.M:Whatelsecanwedo?W:Wecantryreorientinghimfrequentlyduringtheday,keepingaconsistentroutine.Atnight,dimthelightsbutkeepanightlighton—confusionoftenworsensinthedark.Also,offerhimasnackorwaterwhenhegetsrestless—sometimeshungerorthirsttriggerswandering.M:Herefusestowearthebedalarmbracelet.W:Wecanswitchtoapressure-sensitivepadunderthemattress.It’slessnoticeable.Also,involvethefamilyineveningvisits—familiarfacesmaycalmhim.21.Whatisthemainissuewiththepatient?A.RefusaltotakemedicationB.WanderingandfallingriskC.AggressivebehaviorD.Lossofappetite22.Whyarephysicalrestraintsnotrecommended?A.TheycauseskinbreakdownB.TheyareexpensiveC.TheyimprovepatientcomplianceD.Theyreducefamilyanxiety23.Whatissuggestedtomanagenighttimeconfusion?A.KeeptheroombrightlylitB.Useapressure-sensitivebedpadC.AdministersedativeseverynightD.Restrictfluidintakeafterdinner24.Whatmayhelpcalmthepatientatnight?A.PlayingloudmusicB.OfferingalargemealbeforebedC.HavingfamilymembersvisitD.Applyingphysicalrestraints25.Whatisanalternativetothebedalarmbracelet?A.AwearableheartratemonitorB.Apressure-sensitivemattresspadC.AvideosurveillancesystemD.Amedicationreminderapp---SectionC:Passages（共10题）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear2passages.Eachpassagewillbefollowedbyseveralquestions.Thepassagewillbespokentwice.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage1Goodmorning,everyone.Todaywe’lldiscussthemanagementofdiabeticfootulcers,acommoncomplicationoflong-termdiabetes.First,assessment:inspecttheulcerforsize,depth,andpresenceofinfection(redness,warmth,pus).Palpateforpulses—weakorabsentpulsesindicateperipheralarterydisease(PAD),whichimpairshealing.Next,debridement:removedeadtissuetopromotegranulation.Forinfectedulcers,sharpdebridementwithascalpelmaybenecessary.Fornon-infectedulcers,enzymaticorautolyticdebridementisgentler.Woundcare:usemoisture-retentivedressingslikehydrogelsoralginatestokeepthewoundbedmoist.Avoiddrygauze,asitcansticktothewoundandcausetrauma.Offloading:reducepressureonthefoot.Customorthotics,specialshoes,orawalkercanhelp.Patientsmustavoidwalkingbarefootorintightshoes.Lastly,glycemiccontrol:keepHbA1cbelow7%tooptimizehealing.Poorbloodsugarcontroldelaystissuerepairandincreasesinfectionrisk.26.Whatisakeysignofinfectioninadiabeticfootulcer?A.Pale,coolskinB.RednessandwarmthC.ReducedpulseD.Dry,scalytexture27.Whattypeofdebridementisusedforinfectedulcers?A.AutolyticB.EnzymaticC.SharpwithascalpelD.Mechanicalwithgauze28.Whyaremoisture-retentivedressingsrecommended?A.TheypreventmoistureentirelyB.TheykeepthewoundbedmoistC.TheyarecheaperthandrygauzeD.Theyreducetheneedfordebridement29.Whatisthepurposeofoffloading?A.IncreasepressureontheulcerB.ImprovebloodcirculationC.ReducepressureonthefootD.Enhancesensoryperception30.WhatHbA1clevelistargetforhealing?A.Below5%B.Below7%C.Below9%D.Below11%---Passage2TheCOVID-19pandemichashighlightedtheimportanceofhandhygieneinhealthcaresettings.Properhandwashingisthemosteffectivewaytopreventthespreadofpathogens.Let’sreviewtheWHO-recommendedsteps:1.Wethandswithclean,runningwater(warmorcold),turnof