2026年GRE《语文》考前冲刺卷

2026年GRE《语文》考前冲刺卷第1部分1.Althoughthescientist’sdiscoverywasinitiallymetwithskepticism,therobustnatureofthedataeventually______thedoubtsofevenhermostardentcritics.A.illuminatedB.exacerbatedC.allayedD.precipitatedE.ignited2.Thepolitician’sspeechwasdeliberately______,avoidinganyspecificcommitmentstopolicychangesinordertomaintainabroadappealtotheelectorate.A.opaqueB.lucidC.definitiveD.ephemeralE.contentious3.Whilethefirsthalfofthenovelismarkedbyalanguid,atmosphericpace,thesecondhalfshiftsdramaticallyintoa______ofactionandsuspense.A.plethoraB.hiatusC.torrentD.modicumE.stagnation4.Thecriticarguedthatthemuseum’snewexhibition,whilevisuallystunning,wasultimately______:itprioritizedaestheticspectacleovertheintellectualrigorthatcharacterizedtheinstitution’spreviousshows.A.meretriciousB.edifyingC.seminalD.orthodoxE.innocuous5.Historianshavelongnotedthatthe______oftheancientempirewasnotcausedbyasinglecatastrophicevent,butratherbyaslow,steadyprocessofeconomicdeclineandinternalstrife.A.resurgenceB.culminationC.nadirD.dissolutionE.genesis6.Theauthor’sportrayaloftheprotagonistisdeeply______,refusingtosimplifythecharacter’smoralambiguitiesintoeasilydigestiblebinariesofgoodandevil.A.reductiveB.nuancedC.polarizedD.didacticE.superficial7.Despitethe______advancementsinartificialintelligence,thefundamentalquestionofwhethermachinescanpossesstrueconsciousnessremainsunanswered.A.trivialB.nebulousC.exponentialD.glacialE.reticent8.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Themanager’s______attitudetowardtheprojectsuggestedthathehadlittleconfidenceinitssuccess,leadingtheteamtofeeldemoralized.A.sanguineB.dismissiveC.ebullientD.lukewarmE.zealousF.antagonistic9.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Bytheendofthemarathon,therunner’senergywasentirely______,andshecouldbarelycrossthefinishline.A.dissipatedB.enhancedC.augmentedD.depletedE.saturatedF.activated10.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Thearchaeologistdiscoveredaartifactthatwas______,providingauniquelinkbetweenthetwodistinctculturespreviouslythoughttobeisolated.A.anomalousB.ubiquitousC.intermediateD.hybridE.pristineF.mundaneQuestions11-13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptof"biologicalindividuality"isfarmorecomplexthanitinitiallyappears.Traditionally,anindividualwasdefinedasasingle,distinctorganism,suchasahumanbeingoramapletree.However,modernevolutionarybiologyhaschallengedthisnotion,particularlyinthecontextofcolonialorganismsandsymbioticrelationships.ConsiderthePortuguesemano'war:oftenmistakenforasinglejellyfish,itisactuallyacolonialorganismcomposedofnumerousspecializedpolyps—zooids—thatarefunctionallyintegratedandphysiologicallydependentononeanother.Thesezooidscannotsurvivealone;the"individual"isthecolony,notthecomponentparts.Thisblurringoflinesextendsevenfurtherintothemicroscopicworld.Thehumanbodyitselfisameta-organism,hostingtrillionsofbacteriathatcollectivelyconstitutethemicrobiome.Thesemicrobesarenotmerelypassengers;theyperformessentialfunctions,suchasdigestingfoodandregulatingtheimmunesystem.Withoutthem,thehumanhostcannotsurvive.Thisinterdependencesuggeststhatwhatweclassifyasan"individual"is,inreality,acomplexecosystem.Fromanevolutionaryperspective,thisforcesustoreconsidertheunitofselection.Isnaturalselectionactingonthegenesofthehost,themicrobes,ortheholobiont—thehostplusitssymbioticpartners?Sometheoristsarguethattheholobiontshouldbetheprimaryunitofselection,aconceptthat,whilestilldebated,fundamentallyaltersourunderstandingofbiologicalidentityandinheritance.11.TheprimarypurposeofthepassageistoA.critiquethetraditionaldefinitionofbiologicalindividualityasoutdatedandscientificallyuseless.B.presentexamplesofsymbioticrelationshipsthatchallengestandarddefinitionsofanorganism.C.arguethatthePortuguesemano'waristhebestexampleofacolonialorganism.D.discusstheroleofthemicrobiomeinhumanevolutionanddigestion.E.proposeare-evaluationofwhatconstitutesabiologicalindividualinlightofsymbioticinterdependence.12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueregardingthePortuguesemano'war?A.Itisasinglejellyfishthatfunctionssimilarlytoothercnidarians.B.Itconsistsofzooidsthatarephysicallyidenticalbutperformdifferentfunctions.C.Itservesasanexampleofhowcolonialorganismsfunctionasintegratedindividuals.D.Itisarareexceptionintheanimalkingdomwhereindividualityisclearlydefined.E.Itdemonstratesthatzooidsarecapableofindependentsurvivalifseparatedfromthecolony.13.Theauthormentionsthe"holobiont"inordertoA.provideaspecifictermforthehostorganisminasymbioticrelationship.B.suggestapotentialunitofnaturalselectionthatincludessymbioticpartners.C.refutetheideathatgenesaretheprimaryunitsofevolution.D.distinguishbetweenbeneficialandharmfulbacteriainthehumanmicrobiome.E.highlighttheevolutionaryadvantageofhostingtrillionsofmicrobes.Question14isbasedonthefollowingpassage.Inarecentstudyonconsumerbehavior,researchersfoundadirectcorrelationbetweentheambienttemperatureinaretailenvironmentandthewillingnessofcustomerstopaypremiumpricesforluxurygoods.WhenthetemperaturewasraisedbyjustfivedegreesCelsius,salesofhigh-enditemsincreasedby15%.Theresearchershypothesizethatwarmthinducesafeelingofcomfortandrelaxation,whichlowerspsychologicaldefensesandmakescustomersmorereceptivetospending.However,criticsofthestudypointoutthatthecorrelationdoesnotnecessarilyimplycausation,notingthattheexperimentalgroupwasalsoexposedtodifferentlightingandmusiccomparedtothecontrolgroup.14.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostseriouslyweakenthecritics’objection?A.Previousstudieshaveshownthatlightingandmusichaveanegligibleeffectonthesalesofluxurygoods.B.Theincreaseinsaleswasconsistentacrossdifferentdemographicgroups,regardlessoftheirageorgender.C.Customersinthewarmerenvironmentgroupreportedfeelingsignificantlymorecomfortablethanthoseinthecontrolgroup.D.Retailenvironmentstypicallymaintainastandardtemperaturethatislowerthantheexperimentaltemperatureusedinthestudy.E.Thecostofheatingtheretailenvironmentisoffsetbytheincreasedprofitmarginfromtheluxurygoods.Questions15-17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theriseofthe"novelofmanners"inthelate19thandearly20thcenturiesisoftenattributedtotheshiftingsocialdynamicsoftheVictorianera.UnliketheRomanticnovelsthatprecededthem,whichoftenfocusedontheindividualstrugglingagainstnatureorsociety,novelsofmannersmeticulouslydetailedthecustoms,behaviors,andsocialhierarchiesofaspecificclass.AuthorslikeJaneAustenandEdithWhartondidnotmerelyusethesesettingsasbackdrops;rather,thesocialcodeitselfwastheprotagonist.Thetensionintheseworksarisesnotfromexternalbattles,butfromtheinternalstruggleofcharactersnavigatingtherigidexpectationsoftheirpeers.However,toviewthesenovelsmerelyasanthropologicalrecordsofabygoneeraistounderestimatetheirliterarypower.Thesocialconstraintsdepictedinthesenovelsserveasacrucibleforcharacterdevelopment.Bylimitingthephysicalandeconomicagencyoftheirprotagonists—oftenwomen—authorswereabletoexplorethepsychologicaldepthsofrepression,desire,andwit.The"drama"isinternal,manifestedinaraisedeyebrow,awithheldletter,orastrategicmarriage.Theprecisionoflanguagerequiredtoconveythesesubtleshiftsmirrorstheprecisionofthesocialcodebeinganalyzed.Thus,thenovelofmannersisnotjustaboutrules;itisaboutthecostofadheringtothemandthechaosthatensueswhentheyarebroken.15.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe"drama"innovelsofmannersdiffersfromRomanticnovelsinthatitA.focusesontheconflictbetweenmanandnature.B.isprimarilyphysicalratherthanpsychological.C.arisesfromthenavigationofsocialexpectationsratherthanexternalbattles.D.featuresprotagonistswhohavecompleteeconomicandphysicalagency.E.avoidstheuseofstrategicmarriagesasplotdevices.16.Inthecontextofthepassage,the"crucible"(line12)isbestunderstoodasametaphorforA.aseveretestortrialthatleadstotransformation.B.acontainerusedforscientificexperimentsintheVictorianera.C.abarrierthatpreventscharactergrowth.D.asourceofexternalconflictthatdestroystheprotagonist.E.arigidsocialstructurethatcannotbechanged.17.Thepassageimplieswhichofthefollowingaboutthelanguageusedinnovelsofmanners?A.Itisintentionallyfloweryandornatetodistractfromthelackofplot.B.Itmimicsthecomplexityandprecisionofthesocialcodesitdescribes.C.Itislessimportantthantheanthropologicaldataprovidedbythetext.D.Itissimpleanddirect,contrastingwiththecomplexsocialhierarchies.E.Itservesprimarilytoillustratethebeautyofthenaturalworld.18.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Thedefendant’stestimonywassofullof______thatthejuryfounditdifficulttodiscernthetruthofthematter.A.veracityB.prevaricationC.equivocationD.clarityE.elucidationF.candor19.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Theartist’slaterworksareoftendescribedas______,lackingthevibrantenergyandinnovationthatcharacterizedherearlycareer.A.derivativeB.seminalC.uninspiredD.hackneyedE.originalF.prolific20.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Thecommittee’sreportwas______,addressingeverypossibleobjectionandcontingencywithmeticulousdetail.A.comprehensiveB.cursoryC.exhaustiveD.perfunctoryE.superficialF.abbreviated第2部分1.Thegovernor’sattemptto______thescandalwasunsuccessful;leakeddocumentsfromherownofficecorroboratedtheallegationsofcorruption.A.suppressB.substantiateC.galvanizeD.ameliorateE.instigate2.Farfrombeinga______innovation,thenewtechnologywasbuiltuponprinciplesthathadbeenestablishedinthe1950s.A.seminalB.redundantC.pragmaticD.nascentE.transient3.Thelecturer’sdeliverywasso______thateventhemostcomplexphilosophicalconceptsbecameaccessibletotheundergraduatestudents.A.abstruseB.lucidC.esotericD.convolutedE.prosaic4.Whilethecompany’spublicrelationsdepartmenttriedtomaintainanimageofunity,reportsfrominsidetheheadquarterssuggestedaclimateof______andmutualsuspicionamongtheexecutives.A.camaraderieB.discordC.harmonyD.assentE.collaboration5.Thecritic’sreviewwas______,praisingtheactor’sperformancewhilesimultaneouslycondemningtheplay’sscriptasincoherent.A.ambivalentB.partisanC.unequivocalD.effusiveE.dismissive6.Thesheer______ofthetask—organizingaconferencefortenthousandattendees—wasdaunting,buttheteammanagedtopullitoffwithoutanymajorlogisticalerrors.A.magnitudeB.trivialityC.superfluityD.diminutivenessE.paucity7.By______therawdatathroughacomplexalgorithm,theresearcherswereabletoidentifypatternsthatwereinvisibletothenakedeye.A.obfuscatingB.extrapolatingC.aggregatingD.discardingE.mitigating8.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Thesenator’sresponsetotheaccusationwas______,refusingtoengagewiththespecificdetailsoftheclaimandinsteadattackingtheopponent’scharacter.A.evasiveB.responsiveC.combativeD.elusiveE.conciliatoryF.direct9.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Thenovel’sconclusionwaswidelyconsidered______,leavingmanyreadersfrustratedbythelackofresolutiontothemainplotthreads.A.satisfyingB.dissatisfyingC.ambiguousD.inconclusiveE.definitiveF.coherent10.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Thechef’ssaucewasa______blendofflavors,combiningthesweetnessofhoneywiththesharpnessofchiliandthesaltinessofsoysauce.A.homogeneousB.savoryC.heterogeneousD.disparateE.blandF.insipidQuestions11-14arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inthemid-20thcentury,thearchitecturalmovementknownasBrutalismemerged,characterizedbymassive,monolithic,andblockyappearanceswitharigidgeometricstyleandlarge-scaleuseofpouredconcrete.ThetermitselfderivesfromtheFrench'bétonbrut',meaning'rawconcrete'.Whileoftencriticizedforitsimposingandsometimes"soulless"aesthetic,Brutalismwasoriginallyrootedinautopiansocialvision.ArchitectslikeLeCorbusierbelievedthatrobust,functionalstructurescouldfosterasenseofcommunityandequality.Thebuildingsweredesignedtobeaccessibletoall,strippingawaytheornamentalflourishesthatwereassociatedwithclasshierarchiesandwealth.However,thesocialpromiseofBrutalismoftenclashedwiththerealityofitsexecution.IntheUK,manyBrutalistresidentialtowers,originallyintendedtobemodernutopiasfortheworkingclass,sufferedfrompoormaintenanceandsocialneglect.Theybecameassociatedwithurbandecayandcrime,ratherthanthecommunalharmonytheirarchitectsenvisioned.Therawconcrete,intendedtoweathergracefullyandshowthepassageoftime,oftenstainedandcrackedinpollutedurbanenvironments,creatingafortress-likeatmospherethatmanyfoundoppressive.Despitethisbacklash,therehasbeenarecentresurgenceofinterestinBrutalism.Preservationistsarguethatthesestructuresareimportanthistoricallandmarksthatrepresentaspecificmomentofoptimismaboutarchitecture'sabilitytoshapesocietyforthebetter.Thisdebatehighlightsthetensionbetweenarchitecturalintentandpublicreception,andwhetherabuilding'svalueliesinitsideologyoritslivability.11.ThepassagesuggeststhattheoriginalintentofBrutalistarchitectswastoA.createimposingstructuresthatwouldintimidatethegeneralpublic.B.useexpensivematerialstosignifytheimportanceofthebuildings.C.designbuildingsthatpromotedsocialequalityandcommunity.D.focussolelyontheaestheticbeautyofrawconcrete.E.replicatetheornamentalstylesofpreviousarchitecturaleras.12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingfactorscontributedtothenegativeperceptionofBrutalistbuildingsintheUK?A.Thehighcostofmaintainingthemassiveconcretestructures.B.Theassociationofthebuildingswithurbandecayandsocialneglect.C.Theuseof'bétonbrut'whichwasconsideredtoofragile.D.Thelackofgeometricprecisionintheconstructionmethods.E.Therejectionofthebuildingsbythearchitecturalcommunity.13.Theauthormentionsthe"recentresurgenceofinterestinBrutalism"primarilytoA.suggestthatthepublicisfinallybeginningtoappreciatetheaestheticbeautyofthestyle.B.illustratetheongoingdebatebetweenhistoricalpreservationandpublicopinion.C.provethattheoriginalsocialvisionofBrutalismwasultimatelysuccessful.D.arguethatallBrutalistbuildingsshouldbeimmediatelydemolished.E.contrasttheUKreactiontoBrutalismwiththereactioninothercountries.14.Inthefinalsentence,the"tension"referstotheconflictbetweenA.LeCorbusierandotherarchitectsofthetime.B.thecostofconstructionandtheavailabilityofrawmaterials.C.thearchitect'sutopianvisionandtheactualexperienceoftheresidents.D.thepreservationistsandthecityplanners.E.theuseofconcreteandthedesireformoregreenspaces.Question15isbasedonthefollowingpassage.Thetheoryof"PunctuatedEquilibrium,"proposedbyStephenJayGouldandNilesEldredge,suggeststhatspeciestendtoremainrelativelystableforlongperiods(stasis),interruptedbybriefburstsofrapidevolutionarychange.Thiscontrastswiththetraditionalviewof"PhyleticGradualism,"whichpositsthatevolutionoccursataslow,constantrate.GouldandEldredgearguedthatthefossilrecord,whichoftenshowssuddenappearancesofnewforms,bettersupportspunctuatedequilibrium.Theysuggestedthattheserapidchangesusuallyoccurinsmall,isolatedpopulationsattheperipheryofaspecies'range,makingitunlikelyformanytransitionalfossilstobepreservedinthegeologicalrecord.15.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthefossilrecordaccordingtothetheoryofPunctuatedEquilibrium?A.Itiscompleteenoughtoshoweverytransitionalstageofevolution.B.Itismisleadingbecauseitfailstoaccountforperiodsofstasis.C.Theapparentgapsinthefossilrecordareagenuinereflectionofhowevolutionoccurs.D.Itsupportstheideathatevolutionhappensataconstant,slowrate.E.Itprovidesevidencethatnewspeciesalwaysappearinthesamegeographicallocationastheirancestors.Questions16-18arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thephenomenonof"digitalamnesia"orthe"GoogleEffect"referstothetendencyofindividualstoforgetinformationthatcanbeeasilyretrievedfromtheinternet.Inaseriesofexperiments,researchersfoundthatparticipantsweresignificantlylesslikelytorememberapieceoftriviaiftheyweretolditwouldbesavedonacomputer.Furthermore,participantswerebetteratrememberingwheretofindtheinformation(thefolderlocationorthesearchterm)thantheinformationitself.Thephenomenonof"digitalamnesia"orthe"GoogleEffect"referstothetendencyofindividualstoforgetinformationthatcanbeeasilyretrievedfromtheinternet.Inaseriesofexperiments,researchersfoundthatparticipantsweresignificantlylesslikelytorememberapieceoftriviaiftheyweretolditwouldbesavedonacomputer.Furthermore,participantswerebetteratrememberingwheretofindtheinformation(thefolderlocationorthesearchterm)thantheinformationitself.Thishasledsomecognitivescientiststosuggestthattheinternetisbecominganexternal"transactivememory"system.Transactivememoryisapsychologicalconceptdescribinghowgroupsrelyononeanothertostoreandretrieveinformation;wedon'tneedtoremembereverythingifweknowsomeoneelseinourgroupknowsit.Theargumentisthatweareoffloadingmemoryontotheinternet,treatingitlikeacollaboratorratherthanatool.Whilethismayfreeupcognitiveresourcesforothertasks,itraisesconcernsaboutthefragilityofourknowledge.Ifouraccesstotheinternetweresevered,wouldweretainthecriticalknowledgenecessarytofunction,orhaveweeffectivelyoutsourcedourfundamentalunderstandingoftheworld?16.Thepassagementionsthe"GoogleEffect"primarilytoA.introducetheconceptoftransactivememory.B.criticizetherelianceontechnologyforeducation.C.explainamodernphenomenonwherepeoplerelyonexternalsourcesformemorystorage.D.provethatcomputershaveanegativeimpactonhumanintelligence.E.demonstratethesuperiorityofhumanmemoryoverdigitalstorage.17.Whichofthefollowinghypotheticalscenariosbestillustratestheconceptof"transactivememory"asdescribedinthepassage?A.Astudentmemorizesapoembyrecitingitaloudeverymorning.B.Amanagerdelegatestaskstoemployeesbasedontheirspecificexpertise.C.Apersonusesacalendarapptorememberupcomingappointments.D.Ahistorianwritesabookbasedsolelyonprimarysourcedocuments.E.Ateacherencouragesstudentstothinkcriticallyratherthanmemorizefacts.18.TheauthorconcludesthepassagewithaquestioninordertoA.suggestthataccesstotheinternetwillsoonbesevered.B.implythatrelyingontheinternetmakesourknowledgemorefragile.C.encouragereaderstomemorizemoretrivia.D.refutetheideathattheinternetfreesupcognitiveresources.E.demonstratethattheinternetisareliablecollaborator.19.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Theprofessor’s______approachtogradingmeantthateverystudentwasjudgedsolelyonthemeritoftheirwork,withoutanybiasorfavoritism.A.arbitraryB.equitableC.capriciousD.impartialE.biasedF.subjective20.Selectthetwoanswerchoicesthatfitthemeaningofthesentenceandproducecompletedsentencesthataresimilarinmeaning.Theeconomicforecastwas______,predictingaslowrecoveryoverthenextdecaderatherthananimmediateboom.A.optimisticB.sanguineC.bleakD.austereE.buoyantF.auspicious=====================================================================答案与解析=====================================================================第1部分答案1.C2.A3.C4.A5.D6.B7.C8.B,D9.A,D10.A,D11.E12.C13.B14.A15.C16.A17.B18.B,C19.A,D20.A,C第2部分答案1.A2.A3.B4.B5.A6.A7.B8.A,D9.C,D10.C,D11.C12.B13.B14.C15.C16.C17.B18.B19.B,D20.C,D=====================================================================详细解析=====================================================================第1部分解析1.答案：C解析：句子结构为“Although...(concession)...eventually(mainclause)”。空格处需要一个动词，表示主句中“数据”对“怀疑”产生的积极影响，因为前半句提到了“skepticism”（怀疑态度）。A.illuminated(照亮/阐明)：虽然可以接doubts，但通常指解释清楚，而不是消除。A.illuminated(照亮/阐明)：虽然可以接doubts，但通常指解释清楚，而不是消除。B.exacerbated(加剧)：与句意相反，数据不应该加剧怀疑。B.exacerbated(加剧)：与句意相反，数据不应该加剧怀疑。C.allayed(减轻/缓和)：allaydoubts是固定搭配，意为消除或减轻疑虑，符合句意。C.allayed(减轻/缓和)：allaydoubts是固定搭配，意为消除或减轻疑虑，符合句意。D.precipitated(促成/加速)：通常指坏事的发生，不搭配doubts。D.precipitated(促成/加速)：通常指坏事的发生，不搭配doubts。E.ignited(点燃)：意为引发，与句意相反。E.ignited(点燃)：意为引发，与句意相反。2.答案：A解析：句意是政治家的演讲故意______，以避免具体承诺，从而保持广泛的吸引力。空格应表示“模糊不清”或“不透明”。A.opaque(模糊/难懂)：符合语境，故意不明确。A.opaque(模糊/难懂)：符合语境，故意不明确。B.lucid(清晰/易懂)：与avoidingspecificcommitments矛盾。B.lucid(清晰/易懂)：与avoidingspecificcommitments矛盾。C.definitive(确定的)：与avoidingspecificcommitments矛盾。C.definitive(确定的)：与avoidingspecificcommitments矛盾。D.ephemeral(短暂的)：不符合语境。D.ephemeral(短暂的)：不符合语境。E.contentious(引起争论的)：虽然可能不承诺，但这里强调的是为了appealeveryone，所以模糊更合适，contentious会splittheelectorate。E.contentious(引起争论的)：虽然可能不承诺，但这里强调的是为了appealeveryone，所以模糊更合适，contentious会splittheelectorate。3.答案：C解析：句子对比了小说的前半部分（languid,atmospheric缓慢、有氛围）和后半部分（actionandsuspense动作和悬念）。空格需要一个名词表示大量的动作。A.plethora(过量/过多)：通常指负面或不需要的东西，且常搭配of，但torrent更能体现“流动/爆发”的感觉。A.plethora(过量/过多)：通常指负面或不需要的东西，且常搭配of，但torrent更能体现“流动/爆发”的感觉。B.hiatus(空隙/中断)：与actionandsuspense矛盾。B.hiatus(空隙/中断)：与actionandsuspense矛盾。C.torrent(急流/爆发)：atorrentofaction意为大量的动作，符合语境。C.torrent(急流/爆发)：atorrentofaction意为大量的动作，符合语境。D.modicum(少量)：与句意相反。D.modicum(少量)：与句意相反。E.stagnation(停滞)：与句意相反。E.stagnation(停滞)：与句意相反。4.答案：A解析：句意转折：虽然视觉上很美，但最终是______，因为它优先考虑美学而牺牲了智力严谨性。空格应含贬义，表示“华而不实”或“虚假”。A.meretricious(华而不实/俗气的)：指外表有价值但实际缺乏价值，完美契合prioritizedaestheticspectacleoverintellectualrigor。A.meretricious(华而不实/俗气的)：指外表有价值但实际缺乏价值，完美契合prioritizedaestheticspectacleoverintellectualrigor。B.edifying(有益/开导)：褒义词，与but矛盾。B.edifying(有益/开导)：褒义词，与but矛盾。C.seminal(开创性的/重要的)：褒义词。C.seminal(开创性的/重要的)：褒义词。D.orthodox(正统的)：中性词，不符合语境。D.orthodox(正统的)：中性词，不符合语境。E.innocuous(无害的)：虽然贬义程度不够，且不能准确对应“缺乏智力严谨”。E.innocuous(无害的)：虽然贬义程度不够，且不能准确对应“缺乏智力严谨”。5.答案：D解析：句意是帝国的______不是由单一灾难引起的，而是缓慢的衰退。空格指帝国的终结。A.resurgence(复兴)：与decline矛盾。A.resurgence(复兴)：与decline矛盾。B.culmination(顶点/最终结果)：通常指过程的高潮，这里指消亡的过程，dissolution更准确。B.culmination(顶点/最终结果)：通常指过程的高潮，这里指消亡的过程，dissolution更准确。C.nadir(最低点)：指最糟糕的时刻，而不是“消亡”这个事件本身。C.nadir(最低点)：指最糟糕的时刻，而不是“消亡”这个事件本身。D.dissolution(解体/瓦解)：指帝国的终结，符合句意。D.dissolution(解体/瓦解)：指帝国的终结，符合句意。E.genesis(起源)：与句意相反。E.genesis(起源)：与句意相反。6.答案：B解析：句意是作者拒绝简化角色的道德模糊性，这种描写是______的。A.reductive(简化的)：refusingtosimplify说明不是reductive。A.reductive(简化的)：refusingtosimplify说明不是reductive。B.nuanced(细腻/微妙的)：指包含细微差别，不非黑即白，符合句意。B.nuanced(细腻/微妙的)：指包含细微差别，不非黑即白，符合句意。C.polarized(两极分化的)：虽然涉及好坏，但nuanced更能体现“拒绝简化”。C.polarized(两极分化的)：虽然涉及好坏，但nuanced更能体现“拒绝简化”。D.didactic(说教的)：不符合语境。D.didactic(说教的)：不符合语境。E.superficial(肤浅的)：与句意相反。E.superficial(肤浅的)：与句意相反。7.答案：C解析：句意是尽管AI有______的进步，意识问题仍未解决。空格修饰进步，程度很大。A.trivial(琐碎的)：不符合语境。A.trivial(琐碎的)：不符合语境。B.nebulous(模糊的)：通常形容概念，不形容进步。B.nebulous(模糊的)：通常形容概念，不形容进步。C.exponential(指数级的/迅速的)：形容科技发展迅速，符合语境。C.exponential(指数级的/迅速的)：形容科技发展迅速，符合语境。D.glacial(极慢的)：与句意矛盾。D.glacial(极慢的)：与句意矛盾。E.reticent(沉默的)：形容人，不形容进步。E.reticent(沉默的)：形容人，不形容进步。8.答案：B,D解析：句意是经理______的态度表明他对项目没信心，导致团队士气低落。空格需要表示“冷淡”或“缺乏热情”。A.sanguine(乐观的)：与littleconfidence矛盾。A.sanguine(乐观的)：与littleconfidence矛盾。B.dismissive(轻视的/不予理会的)：符合没信心的语境。B.dismissive(轻视的/不予理会的)：符合没信心的语境。C.ebullient(热情洋溢的)：矛盾。C.ebullient(热情洋溢的)：矛盾。D.lukewarm(冷淡的/不热心的)：符合语境。D.lukewarm(冷淡的/不热心的)：符合语境。E.zealous(热心的)：矛盾。E.zealous(热心的)：矛盾。F.antagonistic(敌对的)：程度过重，且主要指敌意，不仅仅是没信心。F.antagonistic(敌对的)：程度过重，且主要指敌意，不仅仅是没信心。9.答案：A,D解析：句意是跑到终点时，能量完全______，几乎过不了线。空格表示“耗尽”。A.dissipated(消散/耗尽)：符合语境。A.dissipated(消散/耗尽)：符合语境。B.enhanced(增强)：矛盾。B.enhanced(增强)：矛盾。C.augmented(增加)：矛盾。C.augmented(增加)：矛盾。D.depleted(耗尽/弄空）：符合语境。D.depleted(耗尽/弄空）：符合语境。E.saturated(饱和)：矛盾。E.saturated(饱和)：矛盾。F.activated(激活)：矛盾。F.activated(激活)：矛盾。10.答案：A,D解析：句意是发现了一个______的文物，连接了两个被认为隔离的文化。空格表示“混合的”或“反常的”。A.anomalous(反常的/异常的)：因为文化被隔离，所以连接它们的文物是异常的，符合。A.anomalous(反常的/异常的)：因为文化被隔离，所以连接它们的文物是异常的，符合。B.ubiquitous(无处不在的)：不符合语境。B.ubiquitous(无处不在的)：不符合语境。C.intermediate(中间的)：可能，但不如anomalous准确表达“意想不到的连接”。C.intermediate(中间的)：可能，但不如anomalous准确表达“意想不到的连接”。D.hybrid(混合的)：结合了两个文化的特征，符合。D.hybrid(混合的)：结合了两个文化的特征，符合。E.pristine(原始的/崭新的）：与内容无关。E.pristine(原始的/崭新的）：与内容无关。F.mundane(平凡的）：与内容无关。F.mundane(平凡的）：与内容无关。11.答案：E解析：文章首先提出传统的“生物个体”概念，然后通过葡萄牙僧帽水母和人体微生物组的例子，说明由于共生关系和群体依赖性，传统的个体概念变得复杂。最后提出“holobiont”的概念，认为应该重新考虑进化的单位。因此，文章的主旨是建议根据共生依赖性重新评估生物个体的定义。A.文章不仅仅是批判，还提出了新的视角和复杂性。A.文章不仅仅是批判，还提出了新的视角和复杂性。B.