英语七年级下册-Unit-4-Don't-eat-in-class-语法解析

Schoolrules1.Don’tarrivelateforclass.Youmustbeontime.2.Don’truninthehallways.3.Don’teatintheclassroom.Youmusteatinthedininghall.4.Don’tlistentomusicinclass.5.Don’tfight.Wecan’tRuninthehallways.在走廊里奔跑。→Don’truninthehallways！不准在走廊里奔跑。Wearhatsinclass.课堂上戴帽子。→Don’twearhatsinclass!课堂上严禁戴帽子。Drawonthewall.在墙上乱画。→Don’tdrawonthewall!严禁在墙上乱画！Grammar祈使句（Do型）是表达请求、命令、嘱咐、号召、劝告等的句子;普通省略主语you;祈使句的开头是动词原形。句末普通使用句号或感慨号。祈使句有必定和否认两种,否认的祈使句是在动词原形前(即句首)加Don't.Do型（实意动词）动词原形开头。Sitdownplease.否认：前加Don’tDon’tsitdown.Be型Be开头。Beagoodboy.否认：前加Don’tDon’tbeshy.Let型Let开头。Lethimgo.否认：Don’tlet...Don’tlethimgo.Let...not...Lethimnotgo.用no开头表严禁性的祈使句。Nofood.严禁外带食物Notalking.严禁说话John:Hi,myname’sJohn.It’smyfirstdayatschool.Alice:Hi,John.I’mAlice.Thisisagreatschool,buttherearealotofrules.John:Really?Whataresomeoftherules?Alice:Well,don’tbelateforclass.Thisisveryimportant.那里有某些人，其中的某些是我的同窗。对我们来说，学好英语很重要。John:OK,sowemustbeontime.Canwebringmusicplayerstoschool?Alice:No,wecan’t.Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.John:Isee.Alice:Oh,andwealsohavetobequietinthelibrary.must与haveto区别就翻译而言，两者都可翻译成“必须”，其后都是跟动词原形。但在实际运用中，两者有区别。must表达说话人主观愿望。认为“必须”做某事。must在句中也没有任何事态和人称的变化。e.g.Imustdomyhomeworkfirst.have

to

意思是“必须、不得不”,它侧重于由于某种客观的因素而“不得不”做某事。haveto有人称和时态的变化，在have上变化。e.g.Ihavetogetupat6:30onschooldays.否认形式:must的否认形式要换成needn’t（不需要）YoumustdoEnglishhomeworkfirst.Youneedn’tdoEnglishhomeworkfirst.你不需要先做英语作业。have

to的否认形式加助动词：don’t

have

to(主语是第三人称单数时,用doesn’thaveto)如:Idon’thavetogetupearlyonweekends.Bob

doesn’t

have

to

wear

a

uniform.鲍勃不必穿制服。疑问句:must提前，回答时注意一二人称的交换。必定用must，否认用needn’t.e.g.--MustIgohomenow?--Yes,youmust.--No,youneedn’t.do

(does)＋主语＋have

to＋动词原形+?回答与助动词的普通疑问句同样。Do

you

have

to

stay

at

home

on

weekends?

B:Yes,

I

do.

/

No,

I

don’t.John:Hi,myname’sJohn.It’smyfirstdayatschool.Alice:Hi,John.I’mAlice.Thisisagreatschool,buttherearealotofrules.John:Really?Whataresomeoftherules?Alice:Well,don’tbelateforclass.Thisisveryimportant.那里有某些人，其中的某些是我的同窗。对我们来说，学好英语很重要。John:OK,sowemustbeontime.Canwebringmusicplayerstoschool?Alice:No,wecan’t.Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.John:Isee.Alice:Oh,andwealsohavetobequietinthelibrary.takeA:Hi,Dave.Doyouwanttowatchthebasketballgameintheparkthisevening?B:I’dloveto,butIcan’tgooutonschoolnights.A:Oh,that’stoobad.B:Yeah,Ihavesomanyrules…A:Really?B:Yeah,Ican’tseemyfriendsonschooldaysandIhavetodomyhomeworkafterschool.I’dloveto使用方法：用来愉快地答应对方的请求、建议或邀请，意为：我很想(乐意)。如：A：Howaboutplayingtennis?打打网球怎么样?B：Yes.I’dliketo.好，我很乐意。2.用来委婉地提出自已的想法、但愿或愿望(其后接名词或不定式)，意为：我想...我要...

如：I’dlikeyoutomeetafriendofmine.我想让你见见我的一种朋友。3.用作反语，表达气愤或威胁(其后常接动词see,know等)，意为：我倒想(看看或懂得等)。

如：I’dliketoknowwhatshemeansbythat.我倒想懂得她那样说是什么意思。A:Whatotherrulerdoyouhave?B:Mmm…ImustpracticetheguitarbeforedinnerandthenIhavetodothedishesafterdinner.AndIcan’twatchTVintheevening.A:Oh.Well,Ihavetohelpmymommakedinnersometimes.A:Me,too.Ihavetohelpmymommakebreakfasteverymorning.B:AndImustcleanmyroomeverySaturday.A:Wow,youdohavealotofrules!=？DearDr.Know,Therearetoomanyrules!At6:00a.m.mymomsays,“Getupnowandmakeyourbed!”toomanyrules“太多的规定”,其中toomany用来修饰可数名词复数rules。e.g.Hehastoomanyfriendstomeet.修饰不可数名词时,要用toomuche.g.Wehavetoomuchworktodo.muchtoo太……much用来增强语调。后接形容词或副词。e.g.Heismuchtoofat.后来一种单词为准Afterbreakfast,mymomalwayssays,“Don’tleavethedirtydishesinthekitchen!”Afterthat,IruntoschoolbecauseIcan’tbelate.Atschool,wehavemorerules-don’tbenoisy,don’teatinclass.many与much的比较级，更多的。祈使句三种形式Afterdinner,Ican’trelaxeither.ImustreadabookbeforeIcanwatchTV.ButIhavetogotobedbefore10:00.Rules,rules,rules!It’sterrible!WhatcanIdo.Dr.Know?MollyBrown,NewYorkeither也。用于否认句和疑问句中。必定句中用too表也。表“看”的单词？watch，see，lookr，readDearMolly,Iknowhowyoufeel.Peoplealwaystellus,“Don’tdothis!”or“Youcan’tdothat!”Butthinkaboutit,Molly.Therearealotofthingsyoucando.Youcanplaybasketballonweekends.YoucanwatchTVafteryoureadabook.Parentsandschoolsaresometimesstrict，strictadj.严格的，严肃的Heisastrictteacher.bestrictwithsb.对某人规定严格Themathteacherisstrictwithus.bestrictinsth.对某事规定严格Themathteacherisstrictinourhomework.butremember,theymakerulestohelpus.Wehavetofollowthem.Goodluck!Dr.Knowrememberv.记住，记起Ican’trememberhisname.remembertodosth.记得要去做某事，阐明事情还没有做。Remembertoclosethedoo