Unit1PastandpresentGrammar课件译林版八年级英语下册-2

英语（译林版新教材）8BUnit1Pastandpresent八年级下册8BUnit1GrammarGrammarObjectives01sumuptherulesofthepresentperfecttense.02finishtheexercisesusingthepresentperfect.Attheendofthislesson,youwillbeabletoReadtheconversationbelowandanswerthequestions.I'vejustfoundoutmanythingsaboutShenzhenfrommyuncle.He'slivedtheresincehefinishedcollege.Really?Whatdidhetellyou?HesaidtherearealotmorejobsnowinShenzhen,andthelivingconditionsaremuchbetter.That'snice.Didhetellyouanythingelse?Yes.Transporthasalsoimprovedalot.Peoplecangetaroundthecityeasily.Wow.IhopeonedayIcanvisitShenzhen.HaveyoubeentoShenzhenbefore?I’veonlybeenthereonce,butI’mplanningtogothereagainthissummer.Youcanjoinme!Greatidea!Millie:Sandy:Millie:Sandy:Millie:Sandy:Millie:Sandy:WhatchangeshastakenplaceinShenzhen?Whichtenseisusedintheunderlinedsentences?presentperfecttense(现在完成时)你知道动词过去分词的变化规则吗？Weformthepresentperfectwith_____________________________ofthemainverb.have/has+thepastparticipleHave/Has+subject+done...?Yes,subject+have/has.No,subject+haven’t/hasn’t.FormthesentencestructuresGrammarBaseform动词原形SimplePast过去式变化规则looklooklookmovemovemovecarrycarrcarrstopstopstop一般动词，加ed以不发音的e结尾的动词，加d以“辅音+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加ed以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加ed大多数动词的过去分词的变化ededddPastParticiple过去分词ededppedyiedyiHaveatryShehascleanedthekitchen.(改为否定句)She________cleanedthekitchen.2.TheyhavevisitedsomeinterestingplacesinChina.(改为一般疑问句)______they___________interestingplacesinChina?3.Theyhaveborrowedtenbooksfromthelibrary.(对划线部分提问)____________books______they_________fromthelibrary?hasn’tHavevisitedanyHowmanyhaveborrowed现在完成时的一般疑问句Haveyouarrived？Hasshearrived？Have/Has主语HaveTomandJanearrived？肯定句的主语和have/has调换位置变一般疑问句过去分词Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.Yes,shehas./No,shehasn’t.Yes,theyhave./No,theyhave’t.现在完成时过去持续到现在的动作或状态过去的行为对现在产生影响动作已经发生0-多次结构:标志词:主语+have/hasdone+其它already,ever,just,never,recently,yet,beforesince,for,inthepastyears,over/duringtheyears,inrecentyears,sofarWhentouse?haschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedTherearemanychangesinSunshineTown...现在完成时与for和since的用法Ihavebeenherefor

10days.Ihavebeenheresince

10daysago.IhavebeenheresinceIwasborn.for+一段时间since+时间点（年月周日时）IhavebeenheresinceJanuary10th.since+时间段+agosince+一般过去时从句haschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedQ:Whyshouldweusethepresentperfecttense?现在完成时的肯定句、否定句与一般疑问句肯定句否定句一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答sbhave/hasdone(sth).sbhave/hasnotdone(sth).Have/Hassbarrived?Yes,sbhave/has.No,sbhaven’t/hasn’t.I

haveWehaveYouhaveTheyhaveHe/She/Ithas

havenothasnot=I’ve=We’ve=You’ve=They’ve=He’s/She’s/It’s=haven’t=hasn’tfoundhasworkedleftwentreturnedhashavevisitedboughtMillieiswatchinganinterview.AreporterisinterviewingaforeignerwhohaslivedinShenzhenformanyyears.Readtheinterviewscriptandfillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.havelivedhavebeenhavebeenareHavehavefallennoticedenjoyTimeadverbials❀

over/inthe(past/last)years“在(过去的)这几年间”

e.g.Greatchanges__________(take)placeover/inthepasttenyears.havetakene.g.We____________(learn)manyEnglishsongssofar.havelearned❀

sofar,uptonow,until/tillnow“到目前为止”

TalkaboutthechangesinMoonlightTown,usingthecorrecttenses.TopicGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinMoonlightTownovertheyears.FactsPastPresentEnvironment_____roads,,largeopenspaces…______streets,____trees_____buildingsLife____houses,restintheshadeofatree___flats,computers,smartphonesTransportOpinionNowpeopleareenjoyingacomfortablelife.❀already

“己经”用于肯定句

句中(助后实前)/句末e.g.I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.=I’vehadbreakfastalready.“还(没)”用于否定句

句末“己经”

用于疑问句

句末

Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?❀yet当在肯定陈述句中含有already时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already去掉，在句末加上yet.I_______already

________(collect)somestamps.

havecollected否：I__________________anystamps______.haven’tcollectedyet疑：________you__________anystamps______?HavecollectedyetTimeadverbialsPresentperfecttense过去分词的构成finish/repairchange/livetry/studystop/plan规则动词+ed以e结尾的+d以辅音字母y结尾的-y+ied以元音+辅音结尾的短动词，双写尾字母+ed❀already

“己经”用于肯定句

句中(助后实前)/句末e.g.I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.=I’vehadbreakfastalready.“还(没)”用于否定句

句末“己经”

用于疑问句

句末

Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?❀yet❀ever

“曾经”用于肯定句/一般疑问句

句中❀never

“从未”用于否定句

句中e.g.HaveyouevereatenBeijingDuck?e.g.Hehasnever

readthestory.—Haveyou______seenthemovie?—Yes,Ihave.never B.ever C.justD.yetTimeadverbialsManychangeshavetakenplaceinMoonlightTownovertheyears.Inthepast,therewereonlynarrowandmuddyroadsinthesmalltown.Therewasr