2024-2025学年湖南师大附中高二下学期期中英语试题含答案

师大附中高二下期中考试英语时量：分钟满分：分第一部分听力（共两节，满分分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AUNESCO’sHeritageListhasbeenupdatedfor2024.Europe’snewestadditionssomeofthecontinent’slesser-knownyetculturallysignificantsites—arewellworthexploring.Alsoknownas“theQueenofroads”,this500-milestretchistheoldestRomanroad.ItconnectstheItaliancapitaltoSouthernItaly’sseaportsandspeedsthegrowthanddevelopmentofnewsettlementswhiledrivingagriculturalproductionandtrade.JourneyingupthisroadisatransportationthroughtimewiththeoriginalpavingstonesremindingusofItaly’soldtimes.建筑群)Apicture-perfectimageoftraditionalGermanarchitecturesurroundedbyLakeSchwerin,thisculturalensemblecomprises38ofSchwerin’smoststrikinglandscapesandarchitecture.ThearchitectureofSchwerincapturestheessenceof19th-centuryGermanywithitspublicgardensandculturalbuildingstiedtogetherbythegrandSchwerinCastle.InScotlandliesoneoftheworld’smostuntouchedblanketbog(沼泽)landscapes.around500,000acresofbogpoolsandancientplants,TheFlowCountryisoneoftheworld’sbiggestcarbonstores,crucialinthefightagainstclimatechange.Onfootishowyoucanexperiencethedramaticviewsofthislesser-knownlandscapeanddiversewildlifespeciesclosely.GracehillwasavillageinNorthernIrelandfoundedbytheMoraviansin1759.GuidedtoursofGracehillOldSchoolandtheMoravianChurchvisualinsightsintotraditional,Moravianarchitecture.InGermany,thelivingMoravianheritagecanbefeltinthemuseumsandchurchhallsofHerrnhut,thebirthplaceoftheMoravian第1页/共10页Church.1.WhatcanoneexpecttoexperiencewhiletravelingalongAppia?A.abustosouthernseaports.B.ExploringMoravianarchitecture.C.AdmiringtraditionalGermanbuildingsD.ExperiencingItaly’sancientpast.2.Whichsiteisbestforwatchingwildlife?A.Appia.B.SchwerinResidenceEnsemble.C.TheFlowCountry.D.MoravianChurchSettlements.3.Whatdothefoursiteshaveincommon?A.Theyarealllocatedwithinonecountry.B.Theyarerelativelyunknowntothepublic.C.Theymainlyattractnatureenthusiasts.D.Theyhavelongbeenlistedasheritagesites.BFeifeiLi’sjourneyfromateenagerinChinatoaleadingfigureinartificialintelligenceisnothingshortofremarkable.BorninBeijingin1976,LigrewupinChengdu.HerlifetookadramaticturnwhenherfamilymovedtoAmerica.Initially,thefamilydidn’tspeakEnglish,sotheburdenoftranslationfellonLi.Shecreditedkindteachersathernewhighschoolforhelpingherovercomechallenges,asshedevelopedlanguageskillsandregainedheracademicexcellence.Outsideschool,sheworkedtirelesslyinlow-payingjobstosupportherfamily.Duringthisperiod,shefeltlikeanoutsiderwithfewfriends,sufferingfromisolation(孤独).Despitethesehardships,shewasacceptedintoPrincetontostudyphysics.In1999,Ligraduatedwithhonors,beforegoingontocompleteherPh.D.andeventuallyjoiningPrinceton’scomputersciencedepartmentasanassistantprofessor.AtPrinceton,LibegantopioneerImageNet,alarge-scaleimagedatabaseinvisualobjectrecognitionsoftware.Frustratedbyherpeers’inefficientapproachoftrainingcomputerstorecognizeoneimageatatime,sheintroducedcomputerstoavastnumberofobjectsbasedonchildren’svisuallearningmethods.ThisledtothecreationofImageNet,whichinvolvedamassivelabelingforoverthreemillionimages.InsteadofgettingsupportwithinthePrincetondepartment,sheoutsourced(外包)thetasktotheInternet,usinganAmazon’sprogramtoforcethejobouttoremoteworkersaroundtheglobe.BeforelongImageNetwascompleted,andithassubsequentlyhadanenormousimpactonthedevelopmentofartificialintelligence.Thedatabasehasnowgrowntooverfourteen第2页/共10页millionimages,andisafundamentalpartofcountlessAIapplications,likeself-drivingcartechnology.Beyondhertechnicalcontributions,LiisafaithfuladvocateformoralAIdevelopment.ShefoundedtheHuman-CenteredAIInstitutetoadvanceAIresearchthatimprovesthehumancondition.Moreover,Li’sinfluenceextendstopromotingdiversityinAI,throughinitiativeslikeAI4ALL,whicheducateshistoricallyexcludedtalentsinthefield.HerdevotiontoAIdevelopmentearnsherthenameof“theGodmotherofAI”.4.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Li’spursuitoffurtherexcellenceB.Li’sstrugglesinthenewlife.C.Li’sinbalancingstudiesandwork.D.Li’sgratitudetoherteachers.5.WhatisspecialaboutImageNet?A.Itrecognizesasingleobjectatatime.B.Itproducesahugenumberofimages.C.Itautomatesimage-recognitionprocess.D.Itfeaturesextensiveimagerecognition.6.WhydoestheauthormentiontheHuman-CenteredAIInstitute?A.praiseLi’soutstandingtechnicalcompetence.B.highlightLi’sstatusintheAIresearchfield.C.demonstrateLi’sdevotiontomoralAIdevelopment.DemphasizeLi’sinfluenceonadvancingdiversityinAI.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLi?A.Creativeandcaring.B.Ambitiousandsensitive.C.Cautiousandpatriotic.D.Conventionalanddetermined.CItisgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocio-economicbackgroundstendtodolesswellintheeducationsystem.Inanattempttohelpthechildrenofpoorfamilies,anationwideprogramcalled“Headstart”wasstartedintheUSin1965.Alotofmoneywaspouredintoit.Ittookchildrenintopre-schoolinstitutionsattheageofthreeandwassupposedtohelpthemsucceedinschool.Buttheresultshavebeendisappointing,becausetheprogrambegantoolate.Manychildrenwhoentereditatthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeersinlanguageand第3页/共10页intelligenceandtheparentswerenotinvolvedintheprocess.Attheendofeachday,“Headstart”childrenreturnedtothesamedisadvantagedhomeenvironment.improvetheresults,anotherprogramwasstartedinMissourithatconcentratedonparentsasthechild,sfirstteachers.Thisprogramwasbasedonresearchshowingthatworkingwiththefamilyisthemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetthebestpossiblestartinlife.Thefour-yearstudyincluded380familieswhowereabouttohavetheirfirstchildandrepresenteddifferentsocial-economicstatus,ageandfamilystructure.Theprograminvolvedtrainededucatorsvisitingandworkingwiththeparentorparentsandthechild.Theprogramalsogavetheparentssomeguidance,andusefulskillsonchilddevelopment.Atthree,thechildreninvolvedinthe“Missouri”programwereevaluatedwiththechildrenselectedfromthesamesocio-economicbackgroundandfamilysituations.Theresultswereobvious.Thechildrenintheprogramweremoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopment,problemsolvingandotherintellectualskillsthantheirpeers.Theyperformedequallywellregardlessofsocio-economicbackgroundsorfamilystructure.Theonefactorthatwasfoundtothechild,sdevelopmentwasthepoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorerfamilies.The“Missouri”programcomparesquitedistinctlywiththe“Headstart”program.asimilarfocusonparenteducationandonthevitalimportanceofthefirstthreeyears,someevidenceindicatesthatitwillnotbeenoughtoovercomeeducationalunfairness.8.Whatcausedthefailureofthe“Headstart”program?A.Thelargenumberofpoorfamilies.B.Thedisapprovalfromchildren.C.Thelatestartoftheprogram.D.Thelongperiodoftime.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“Missouri”program?A.Itfocusedonthechildren,sfirstschoolteachers.B.Ithelpedthechildrenreturntothesamehome.C.Itmadethechildrenimprovedinmanyaspects.D.Itgavetheparentsadviceontheirdevelopment.10.Accordingtothepassage,whatislikelytoinfluencechildren,sperformance?A.Thenumberoffamilymembers.B.Theparent-childcommunication.C.Theintelligenceoftheirparents.D.Theteacher-studentrelationship.第4页/共10页Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Bylistingfigures.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Bydrawingconclusions.DThemissionissimple.Arriveonforeignsoil,fitinandwait.Then,whenthetimeisright,emergefromtheshadowsandtakeover.Thisprocedure,familiarfromspyfictionasthepreserveofsleeperagents,isalsothestrategyofcertaininvasiveplantspecies.Invasivespeciesthatstayput,knownassleeperspecies,arenottodoso.Theirnaturaltendencytoexpandis,instead,heldbackbysomeexternalfactor.theclimaterapidlychanging,BethanyBradleyattheUniversityofMassachusettswonderedwhetheralterationsintemperatureandrainfallhadthepotentialtoactivatesomesleeperspecies.AsshereportsinapaperinBiologicalInuvasions,theanswerisadefinitiveyes.DrBradleyandherteamcametotheirconclusionsbystudying1,795plantspeciesinnorth-easternAmericaidentifiableasforeignbutnotyetlocallylistedasinvasive.Ofthese,169wereunquestionablydemonstratinginvasivebehaviourinotherpartsoftheworld,andcausingdamagetotheirenvironment.ThatsuggestedtheyhadthecapacitytocausesimilardamageinAmericatoo.determinewhethertheconditionscomingtotheregionwouldactivateanyoftheset169,theresearchersfirstidentifiedtheconditionsunderwhichthesespecieswouldthrive(旺盛).Anumberoftheplantsontheirlistwereheldbackbythecoldwintersthatarelessandlesscommonintheregion.Theyalsofoundthatsomeotherspeciesrequiredmorerainfallthanistypical.Accordingtotheteam’sfindings,climatechangeisontracktoawaken18sleeperspeciesthatcouldcauseseriousenvironmentalandeconomicproblems.DrBradleyestimatesthattheywillstarttomakethemselvesfeltbetween2040and2060ifsomethingisnotdonesoon.Themostpracticalcourseofaction,inherview,istoseekthesesleeperspeciesoutbeforetheyareabletospread.Removingthemtodaymaybeexpensive,butitwillbefarcheaperthantryingtoweedthemout12.Whatstrategydosleeperspeciesemploy?A.Rapidlyexpandinginnewenvironments.B.Patientlywaitingforhumanintervention.C.Remaininginactiveuntilconditionsarefavorable.D.detectionbystayinginshadowy-corners.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hard-wired”inParagraph2mean?第5页/共10页A.Slowlyadapted.B.Solidlysupported.C.Externallyinfluenced.D.Naturallyprogrammed.14.Whatdidresearchersaimtouncoverbyfocusingonthe169species?A.Thepotentialriskstheycouldposeinthefuture.B.Theirinvasivebehaviorinotherpartsoftheworld.C.ThereasonswhytheyfailedtosurviveinAmerica.D.PossiblewaystomakethemlesscommoninAmerica.15.What’sDrBradley’ssuggestionfordealingwithsleeperspecies?A.Letnaturetakeitscourse.B.Preventionisbetterthancure.C.Cuttingbudgetsisatoppriority.D.Delayactionuntilit’snecessary.第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）TheIronmanwhichoriginatedintheUSstateofHawaiiin1978,isathree-sportcompetitionthatcombinesrunning,biking,andswimming.Participantsswim2.4miles,bikemiles,andrun26.2milesduringonedayoftherace.____16____Theswim-bike-runorderisconsistentformostIronmanTheinitialHawaiieventdrewjust15participants.Infollowingyearsanddecades,hundredsofathletessignedupforthe17-hourcompetition.OriginalIronmanwereusuallycompletedoutdoorsinextremeheat,strongwinds,andsometimesrain.____17____ThoseparticipatinginanIronmanbegintrainingatleastfourtosixmonthsinadvance.threetoeighthoursadayaredevotedtotraininginallthreesportsduringtheweek,withoneortwodaysofresteachweek.____18____Itiscommonforathletestorun,bikeandswimthreetofourtimestheraceamountinoneweek.Manyjoinclubsortrainwithpartners.Muchenergy,perseverance,andpsychologicalstrengthareneededtocompletetheIronmanAtleast10percentoftriathletesgiveupbeforecompletion,accordingtoworldchampionshipdata.____19____AlthoughtheIronmancompetitiondrawsmostlyyoungcompetitors,someareintheir60s,70sandoccasionally,80s.Menandwomenareallowedtocompete.第6页/共10页____20____Manysustaintheirenergybydevoting40percentoftheirdiettocarbohydrates.Proteintypicallymakesup30percentofnutritionforcompetitors.Fatintakecanbeashighas30percent.AEvenfinishersofteninjuries.B.Dietisveryimportantfortriathletes.C.Thisintenseschedulemakestheathletespowerful.D.Thereisgenerallynobreakbetweenthesportsactivities.E.Athleteshavetoreducetheirfoodintakeonthebigday.F.Modern-dayversionsoftheeventfollowthatoutdoortradition.GCompetingwouldgiveyoudriveanddeterminationthatcarryintoyourlife.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题1分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIfirststartedmydetox(脱瘾)vacation,IwasworriedI’dmadeabigmistake.Thesudden____21____fromthedigitalworldintensifiedmyanxiety.Icouldn’thelp____22____whomightbemessagingmeandwhatimportant____23____Icouldbemissing.Iwasn’tsureifIwouldgainanythingfromthisexperience.____24____,itendedupbeingaverypositiveexperience.Themostrewardingaspectofthedetoxwasthechanceto____25____myfavoritehobbies.InthetimeIwouldpreviouslyspendonsocialmedia,I____26____readingandknitting.Iwasexcitedtogetthroughmoreofdustybooksandtomakesomegood____27____onmyknittingproject.Therewassignificantskillenhancement.Iwasalsosurprisedtofindimproved____28____withthosearoundme.InoticedIcouldfocusbetteronthepresentmomentandfeltmoremotivatedto____29____intheconversationsaroundme.Ibecame_____30_____thatalthoughsocialmediamight____31____distances,itfallsshortofpromotinginteractionsthattrulymatter.Despitemyinitial____32____,Ireallyenjoyedthedetoxexperience.InoticedanumberofpositiveaspectsthatIcontinuedintomydailylifeafterreturningfromvacation.I’vedecidedto____33____anoccasiontodosocialmediadetoxeveryweek.Thiswill____34____meconstantlyofthebenefitsIsecuredfromdetox.I’m____35____toseehowitwillgo.21.A.releaseB.benefitC.departureD.response22.A.explainingB.wonderingC.identifyingD.analyzing23.A.updatesB.conceptsC.conferencesD.outcomes第7页/共10页24.A.NaturallyB.ApparentlyC.ThankfullyD.Theoretically25.A.enrichB.recallC.expandD.rediscover26.A.putupB.turnedonC.tookupD.carriedon27.A.progressB.decisionsC.profitD.comments28.A.cooperationB.connectionC.sympathyD.patience29.A.believeB.specializedC.excelD.engage30.A.awareB.concernedC.hopefulD.astonished31.A.coverB.handleC.maintainD.bridge32.A.failureB.rejectionC.hesitationD.submission33.A.scheduleB.recordC.centerD.complete34.A.convinceB.remindC.assureD.inform35.A.fortunateB.curiousC.boundD.proud第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Recently,asummercamp___36___(hold)byUniversity,withthethemeof“GlobalExchangesandSustainableDevelopment”,gotunderway.studentsfromsixforeigncountriesandmorethantwentyundergraduatesfromUniversitystartedan___37___(inquire)aboutsustainabledevelopment.Qing,DeputySecretaryGeneralofPoyangLakeEcologicalConservationFoundationofJiangxiProvince,said,“IwantstudentstoknowhowChineseecologicalconservation___38___(make)inareasaroundPoyangLakeoverthepastdecade,providingthemwithourfirst-hand___39___(practice)experienceandprofound(深刻的)insights.”While___40___(visit)keylabsandtheDigitalCulturalHeritage(遗产)ResearchCenterofUniversity,studentsweredeeplyimpressedbyChina’sresolveandcapacity(能力)tousedigitaltechnology___41___(preserve)andpassontheculturalheritageofhumanity.fromFijiremarkedthathecouldn’twaittoshare___42___he’sseeninChinawiththepeopleinhiscountry,andhopedthefriendshipbetweenChinaandFijicouldlast.Thesummercampwasincluded___43___University’s2024summercampprogram.Itnotonlytookon___44___roleofaplatformforinternationalstudentstounderstandthebasicconceptofsustainabledevelopment,but___45___(dramatic)inspiredthemtoseethedevelopmentofChinafromtheviewpointofglobalexchanges,togetherwithitscontributionstotheglobalcommunity.第8页/共10页第四部分写作（共两节，满分分）第一节（满分分）46.物。请你给负责人Frank写一封信，推荐你觉得合适的礼物。内容包括：1.推荐的礼物；2.说明推荐的理由；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearFrank,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua第二节（满分分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Afterflyingallnight,IwastiredasIarrivedinDenvertoholdaneventonpositivethinking.AsIenteredthelecturehall,Dr.Fredaskedme,“DoyouknowabouttheFoundation?”Ireplied.a17-year-oldgirlAmyGrahamhasbeendiagnosedashavingterminal(晚期的)cancer.Doctorsgaveherthreedays.Herdyingwishwastoattendyourlecture.”Iwasshocked.Ifeltacombinationofaweanddoubt.Icouldn’tbelieveit.IthoughtkidswhoweredyingwouldwanttogoseeDisneyland,orsuchlike.Whywouldakidwithonlyafewdaystolivewanttospendtheirfinaldayslisteningtoamotivationalspeaker?Suddenlymythoughtswereinterrupted…“Here’sAmy.”Beforemestoodagirlwearingabrightredhattocoverherheadwhichwasbaldfromallofthetreatments.Herweakbodywasabitbent.Shesaid,“Mytwogoalsweretograduatefromhighschoolandto第9页/共10页attendyourlecture.Mydoctorsdidn’tbelieveIcoulddoeitherandtheydidn’tthinkI’dhaveenoughenergy.Ihavetorelyonmyparentswelledinmyeyes;Iwaschokedup.Mymindwasbeingshaken.Iclearedmythroatandsmiled,“Thanksforwantingtocome.”hugged,wipedoureyesandseparated.ThatSundayafternoonIheldtheworkshopthatAmyandherparentsattended.Theaudiencewaspackedtooverflowingwithoverathousandattendeeseagertolearn,growandbecomemorefullyhuman.Ihumblyaskedtheaudienceiftheywantedtolearnahealingprocessthatmightservethemforlife.Fromthestageitappearedthateveryone’shandwasraisedhighintheair.Itaughttheaudiencehowtovigorously(用力地)rubtheirhandstogether,separatethembytwoinchesandfeelthehealingenergy.ThenIpairedthemwithapartnertofeelthehealingenergyfromthemselvestoanother,explainingthateveryonehadhealingpotentialtosupportothers.注意：1.续写短文词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。Atthatpointanideastruckme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________aroundofapplause,Amy’sdadledherthestage.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________